CN101403030B - On-line laser machining apparatus for strengthening and toughening treatment of steel rail surface - Google Patents
On-line laser machining apparatus for strengthening and toughening treatment of steel rail surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN101403030B CN101403030B CN2008101696715A CN200810169671A CN101403030B CN 101403030 B CN101403030 B CN 101403030B CN 2008101696715 A CN2008101696715 A CN 2008101696715A CN 200810169671 A CN200810169671 A CN 200810169671A CN 101403030 B CN101403030 B CN 101403030B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an on-line laser processing equipment used for strengthening and toughening of the surface of a steel rail, comprising a laser processing lathe and a power system container. The laser processing lathe comprises a motion actuating mechanism, a laser processing head and/or a control system and a powder feeder which are arranged on a moving cart; and the power system container comprises a power generator, a refrigerator, an air compressor, a cool drying machine and a high-voltage power supply of a laser which are arranged in the container. The laser processing head can be arranged on the motion actuating mechanism and is directly connected with the laser or connected with the laser by a light-guiding system. The invention can complete the laser surface quenching, fused quenching, alloying and cladding treatment of various steel rails which comprises a stock rail, a curve, a guide rail, a switch and the like under the premise that the steel rail is not dismounted and the normal running of trains, thus leading the wear resistance of the processed steel rail to be improved greatly and having the characteristics of simple assembly and disassembly, high processing precision and simple operation and control.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to surface strengthening and recovery technique, relate to a kind of online laser process equipment of realizing rail surface toughening and repair process, the rail surface toughening that is particularly useful for railway, subway and light rail is handled.
Background technology
Along with train speed, freight volume and the heavy raising of axle, rail is because the speed of wear out failure is more and more faster, takes place when the damage of invar rail and the derail accident that causes.China is used to change and keep in repair the direct expenses of damaging rail every year and reaches billions of yuans.
At a high speed, heavy haul train has higher requirement to the running stability and the security of train, the wear resistance of rail is better, longer service life is one of key factor wherein.Concerning the common railway working line, the damage of rail mainly shows as porous dehiscence, rail head is vertical and piece and scalelike mark etc. are hindered, peeled off to horizontal crackle, scratch, quenching crack, web of the rail circular arc lobe, nuclear.Concerning gapless track, the damage of rail mainly shows as welding joint damage, rail head is vertical and horizontal crackle, porous dehiscence, abrade, peel off piece and scalelike mark, web of the rail circular arc lobe and nuclear and hinder etc., mainly is due to the reasons such as frictional wear, fatigue wear owing to rail, wheel in the train transportation.Up to now, how effectively alleviating and eliminating these track defects does not also have effective terms of settlement, has only and adopts the mode of directly changing rail, makes the railway operation cost high.
Along with the realization of China railways the sixth time speed-raising and the startup of four vertical four horizontal mainline railway construction projects, railway operation high speed, heavy loading have become accelerates the inexorable trend that China Railway already develops.Yet, under existing track condition, the work-ing life and the maintenance cycle of railway basi components will be further shortened in the raising of Locomotive Axle Load, travelling speed and intensity, rail maintenance and train operating safety also will face a severe challenge, and become the bottleneck that the track haulage ability further improves in restriction China.It is surprising with regard to quantity only to be that railway department is used to change track switch part major parts (as tongue, guard rail, stock rail, frog) involved rail material expense, labour cost every year, add replacing main track, bend and the direct economic loss that other part caused, influence the indirect economic loss that the train transportation causes the capacity deficiency to be brought with keeping in repair because of railway, its value is difficult to estimate especially.Therefore, further improve the necessary guarantee that becomes China's development high speed, heavy haul train work-ing life of railroad track.
In order to improve the work-ing life of railway rail, generally take three kinds of methods both at home and abroad: the first, adopt the induction full length quenching, obtain the fine pearlite tissue; The second, adopt low-alloy high-carbon steel to replace general carbon steel; The 3rd, adopt bainitic steel or low-carbon martensitic steels to replace high carbon steel, further improve the surface hardness of rail etc.In the past few years, the full length rail quenching technology has been obtained significant effect, and it makes the wear resistance of rail improve 50% (straight way) and 100% (bend) respectively.Yet, the main weak point of total length quenching technology is that martensite even bainite structure can not appear in the surface of rail, otherwise will reduce the fracture toughness property of rail significantly, and cause rail to occur accidents such as disconnected rail under arms in the process, badly influence the safe operation of railway.Therefore, rail hardness generally was controlled between Hv320～390 after total length was quenched, and the excavation of its wear resistance potentiality is near the limit.The low-alloy high-carbon steel rail combines with the total length quenching technology, can further improve the rail wear resistance, but effect is not remarkable.Low carbon martensite rail and bainite rail still are in development, and main difficulty is how to guarantee the strength of welded joint problem of rail.
Laser surface hardening technology is recent two decades development one of metal material surface strengthening technologies very rapidly, it comprises technologies such as laser phase-change quenching, consolidation quenching, surface alloying and surface cladding technology, its common feature is that rate of heating is fast, the heat affected zone is little, workpiece deformation is little, therefore be expected to replace the induction full length quenching, become the rail surface intensified technique of a new generation.We show the achievement in research in early stage, because high rate of heating, high speed of cooling, the case depth finite sum hardened layer of laser surface hardening technology present characteristics such as compressive stress state, even martensitic stucture appears in the rail surface, can not cause the obdurability of rail significantly to descend yet.Particularly because the hardness of martensitic stucture is significantly higher than fine pearlite, the rail surface hardness can not be higher than the upper limit of Hv390 in the time of therefore can breaking through the induction full length quenching, makes the surface abrasion resistance of rail reach a new high.In addition, characteristics such as the laser surface hardening technology has the case depth conveniently regulating and controlling, does not need quenchant, do not need tempering, workpiece deformation is little, therefore except can in production plant, realizing fixed point processing, also be expected to develop equipment special, finish the press quenching of track.
Obviously, consider the present situation that trunk railway is busy, online laser process equipment should have high maneuverability, can realize the raceway surface highly malleablized and repair processing treatment under the prerequisite that does not as far as possible influence the normal operation of train.
(notification number is CN2622241 to China's utility model patent document " a kind of laser maintenance vehicle for rail ", open day is on 06 30th, 2004) in the report, proposed a kind of laser maintenance vehicle for rail, it can realize the online strengthening and the reparation of rail under the prerequisite of not dismantling rail.The laser maintenance vehicle for rail that the document proposes comprises traction and control car and track operation car two portions.The traction control car is to change a social system on the basis of railroad track car, and the key distinction is to be provided with the laser work supervisory control desk in the driver position of railroad track car; The track operation car is to change a social system to finish on the basis of passenger train, and it is provided with one or two high-power CO
2Laser apparatus.When a laser apparatus was set, laser apparatus was positioned at central authorities of Operation Van, and with a spectroscope laser beam being divided equally is two bundle horizontal light beams, and passed through the two sides perpendicular mirrors respectively with laser beam direction rail face.When two laser apparatus are set, two laser apparatus are relative, and with vehicle geometric centre symmetry or skew symmetry, with the two sides horizon glass laser beam is spread out of perpendicular to the laser optical axis nearby respectively in the laser optical path design, use the two sides perpendicular mirrors with laser beam direction rail face more respectively.The setting of laser optical path and digital control system can accurately be transferred to laser beam on the rail processing stand, specifically is made up of light path tilting mirror, support, slide rail, running gear, optical path protecting device, cable, numerical control software, shaven head.In order to guarantee finishing smoothly of track laser processing operation, track laser repairing car also has vehicle damping system, laser apparatus shock mitigation system, rail face cleaning system, rail face light absorbing material paint finishing, coating drying system, laser apparatus airing system, laser apparatus powder-supply system, laser apparatus cooling system, laser apparatus air feed system, laser car car body, supervision and lighting system, compartment sealing dust-removal system etc. except Optical Maser System, laser optical path and mobile digital control system.According to foregoing description, as can be seen, the laser repairing special-purpose vehicle that the document proposed has following several deficiency:
The first, the launch vehicle of equipment such as laser apparatus, refrigerator, processing unit (plant) forms with the rail car and the compartment transformation of the way, and weight is big, and volume is big, is merely able to along railway line move, and has taken track.Therefore, when this equipment is handled in rail surface laser highly malleablized, be difficult to effectively dodge vehicular traffic, can not satisfy the processing requirements of under the normal operation condition of trunk railway, realizing rail surface laser highly malleablized.
The second, this equipment adopts high power CO
2No matter laser apparatus is crossing current CO as light source
2Laser apparatus still is fast axial flow laser apparatus, and its photoelectric transformation efficiency is relatively low, and is bulky, and weight is big, and it is also big to consume energy.Add CO
2Laser apparatus is to the stability requirement height of optical cavity, so tow tractor and reparation car must have good shock resistance, must add vibration abatement, and this has also further increased the weight of equipment.
The 3rd, CO
2The wavelength of laser apparatus is 10.6 microns, and metallic matrix is very low to its specific absorption, must spray extinction coating and could obtain effect preferably.Not only increased the operation of laser processing, needed paint spay-coating, oven dry and cleaning equipment make that also the weight and volume of whole laser maintaining equipment is huger.
The 4th, the CO that is adopted
2Laser apparatus light-conducting system complexity can only adopt flight light path and by machine riveting, the vibrations meeting that produces in the laser repairing car operational process impacts the accuracy of light path inevitably, reduces the permanent stability of laser processing procedure;
The 5th, whole laser process equipment need adopt the high-horsepower diesel engine traction, and power consumption is big, and volume is big, and the cost of equipment is also quite expensive.Even adopt electrified circuit power line along the line, also exist all drawbacks such as line, broken string operation sequence complexity, poor for applicability.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of online laser process equipment that the rail surface toughening is handled that is used for, this equipment is controlled conveniently, the loading and unloading transportation is easy, can be under the prerequisite that does not influence the normal operation of train, and the laser surface intensified and repair process of canbe used on line track different sites.
The online laser process equipment that is used for the railway steel rail surface toughening processing provided by the invention, it is characterized in that: it comprises laser processing car and power system freight container;
The laser processing car comprises the movement executing mechanism that is installed on the travelling car; When movement executing mechanism was numerically-controlled machine and robot, laser Machining head was movably arranged on the movement executing mechanism, and when movement executing mechanism was servomotor, laser Machining head was movably arranged on the travelling car;
The power system freight container comprises and is installed in the intravital refrigerator of freight container, air compressor machine, cooling driers and laser apparatus high-voltage power supply; When laser apparatus was optical fiber laser, diode pumping solid laser or lamp light-pumped solid state laser, laser apparatus was installed in the described container body; When laser apparatus was semiconductor laser, laser apparatus was installed on the travelling car or in the described container body; The light-emitting window of laser apparatus is connected with the light inlet light path of laser Machining head by light-conducting system; The laser apparatus high-voltage power supply is electrically connected with laser apparatus, produces the needed high direct voltage electric energy of laser for it provides; Refrigerator provides cooling for the optical mirror slip on laser apparatus and light-conducting system and the laser Machining head; An air outlet of air compressor machine is connected with the air intake vent of cooling driers by pipeline, and an air outlet of cooling driers links to each other with laser Machining head by pipeline; Controlling System is installed on the travelling car or in the container body; Controlling System is electrically connected with refrigerator, air compressor machine, cooling driers, laser apparatus high-voltage power supply, laser apparatus and movement executing mechanism respectively; The open and close of Controlling System control refrigerator, air compressor machine, cooling driers, laser apparatus high-voltage power supply and laser apparatus, Controlling System controls movement topworks and laser processing car are according to the orbiting motion of setting.
The online laser process equipment that utilizes the present invention to propose, can not dismantle rail, not influence under the normal operation prerequisite of train, finish various rail, the laser phase-change quenching, consolidation quenching, alloying and the cladding that comprise the right path, bend, guard rail, track switch etc. are handled, and the rail wear resistance after the processing is increased substantially.Particularly after the laser hardening layer abrasion on rail surface finish, can also under the prerequisite of not dismantling railroad track, carry out the secondary of rail, three times and repeatedly surface toughening processing, make prolong significantly cycle life-cycle of rail, track is changed number of times and is reduced significantly, overcome many drawbacks that present railroad track exists in using, satisfy the wear resistance requirement of railway high speed, heavy haul train rail.Particularly, the present invention has following characteristics or function:
(1) the present invention is divided into laser processing car and power system freight container two portions with laser process equipment.Wherein, the laser processing car body is long-pending little, in light weight, and maneuverability is easy to loading and unloading, can dodge train effectively, realizes various online highly malleablized processing on the rail surface.Power system is formed in the equipment integration that high-voltage power supply equal-volume, the weight of generator, refrigerator, air compressor machine, cooling driers and laser apparatus is relatively large together.Power system is installed in the container body, just constitutes the power system freight container, this freight container can be loaded on cargo truck or the railway locomotive according to the situation of track, or is placed on processing site.During the open-air railroad track of laser on-line machining, the power system container loading is formed the power engineering car on cargo truck.This car can only need the laser processing car to work in orbit away from railroad track (ultimate range can reach 100 meters).When train passes through, only need move away from track to dodge train by volume is little, lightweight laser processing car, thereby can overcome the drawback that the weight of laser maintenance vehicle is big in the documents, volume big, operation is inconvenient, can't avoid passing train under railway normal transport condition, utilize the time slot of train passage just can carry out the processing of laser surface highly malleablized.When on-line machining subway or light rail track, the power system freight container is placed on the railway locomotive, utilizes the time of subway or light rail stoppage in transit in evening that track is carried out the surface toughening processing.The off-line of rail adds man-hour in wanting finishing department, and the power system freight container just directly is placed in processing site.
(2) the laser processing car body among the present invention is long-pending little, light, the lightest dolly is no more than 100 kilograms, the heaviest also only about 1000 kilograms, can realize in orbit installation, dismounting and carrying whenever and wherever possible with manpower or small-sized fork truck, mobility strong can in time be dodged before train arrives, and after train leaves, enter machining state fast, thereby finish the rail processing of designated area on the circuit.After processing track one side, directly will process the car commutation, just can process the track the other side.Can also realize that fixed point is repaired or reinforcement at the steel rail weld joint disease.And the laser processing car in the documents is a railway carriage, and length is greater than ten meters, and tens of tons weigh; Power car is a locomotive head, and weight also reaches tens of tons.When they are used to handle rail, must interrupt the normal operation of train, can't effectively dodge vehicle.
(3) but the solid statelaser of employing Optical Fiber Transmission of the present invention has been save complicated flight light path, reduced the optic path loss of laser energy.Laser apparatus both can be installed in (when adopting high-power semiconductor laser) on the laser processing car, can be installed in the power system freight container (when adopting optical fiber laser and other solid statelaser) again, thereby can guarantee the high maneuverability of laser processing car.
(4) wavelength of institute's employing laser apparatus is short, and therefore rail does not need sprayed coating and follow-up operations such as cleaning dope in advance to its specific absorption height, has simplified technology, has reduced volume, weight, energy consumption and the cost of equipment.
(5) part of the movement executing mechanism among the present invention can adopt multiple structure to realize, can be numerically-controlled machine, robot or servomotor etc.No matter which kind of structure can guarantee the working accuracy that the laser surface highly malleablized in rail tread, inboard and the outside is handled.
(6) laser Machining head on the laser processing car can be rotated, and can realize laser phase-change quenching, consolidation quenching, the Alloying Treatment of track different sites.By with the powder feeder combination, can realize the laser melting coating reparation processing of rail.
(7) need under the prerequisite that does not influence the railway normal transport, realize laser surface intensified processing fast when rail, process-cycle is short, when task is anxious, can adopt many laser processing cars, concentrate on the construction of same location simultaneously, to accelerate speed of application, make laser processing procedure be reduced to minimum degree to the influence of transportation by railroad.
(8) the present invention except can to rail carry out online laser surface intensified, can in production plant, realize the off-line production of railroad track equally.The present invention is applicable to various railway rails, comprises that the surface toughening of high speed, heavy haul train track and city underground, light rail track is handled and repaired, and uses very extensive.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of specific implementation of the online laser process equipment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of travelling car of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the side-view of Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is an A-A section among Fig. 2, and driving wheel and rail are in conjunction with sectional view;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of transmission focusing formula laser Machining head;
Fig. 7 is the principle schematic of optical fiber coupling light-conducting system;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of first kind of specific implementation of laser processing car;
Fig. 9 is Fig. 8 vertical view;
Figure 10 is the side-view of Fig. 8;
Figure 11 is the structural representation of second kind of specific implementation of laser processing car;
Figure 12 is the structural representation of the third specific implementation of laser processing car;
Figure 13 is the side-view of Figure 12;
Figure 14 is the structural representation of the 4th kind of specific implementation of laser processing car;
Figure 15 is a kind of structural representation of power engineering car;
Figure 16 is the structural representation of the 5th kind of specific implementation of laser processing car;
Figure 17 is the structural representation of the 6th kind of specific implementation of laser processing car;
Figure 18 is the structural representation of the 7th kind of specific implementation of laser processing car;
Figure 19 is a kind of structural representation of reflective focused type laser Machining head;
Figure 20 is the structural representation of the 8th kind of specific implementation of laser processing car;
Figure 21 is the side-view of Figure 20;
Figure 22 is the vertical view of Figure 20;
Figure 23 is the structural representation of the 9th kind of specific implementation of laser processing car;
Figure 24 is the structural representation of the tenth kind of specific implementation of laser processing car;
Figure 25 is the structural representation of the 11 kind of specific implementation of laser processing car;
Figure 26 is the structural representation of the 12 kind of specific implementation of laser processing car;
Figure 27 is the structural representation of the 13 kind of specific implementation of laser processing car.
Embodiment
The laser process equipment that the present invention relates to is made up of laser processing car and power system freight container two portions.The laser processing car body is long-pending little, in light weight, and multiple mode specific implementation is arranged, can be under the prerequisite of not dismantling rail, and the online various highly malleablized Processing tasks in rail surface of finishing.And power system is formed in the relatively large equipment integration of high-voltage power supply equal-volume, the weight of generator, refrigerator, air compressor machine, cooling driers and laser apparatus together.For high maneuverability that guarantees the laser processing car and the processing needs that satisfy the varying environment rail, power system is installed in the container body, constitute the power system freight container.This freight container is installed on the cargo truck, has just constituted the power engineering car, can satisfy the online laser processing requirement of open-air railway track; Also this freight container can be installed on the railway locomotive, satisfy the online laser processing needs of light rail and rail of subway; The off-line of rail adds man-hour in wanting finishing department, and the power system freight container just directly is placed in the workshop processing site.
Laser apparatus used in the present invention can be high-power semiconductor laser, optical fiber laser, diode pumping solid laser or lamp light-pumped solid state laser.Above-mentioned laser apparatus can adopt continuously or the pulse way of output.When laser apparatus adopts high-power semiconductor laser, laser apparatus preferably is installed on the laser processing car, this is because the volume of semiconductor laser is little, in light weight, be directly installed on the laser processing car, can obviously not increase the weight of processing car, and can reduce laser apparatus to the distance between the laser Machining head, reduce the length of optical fiber or the complexity of light-conducting system, reduce the energy waste of laser beam in transmission course, improve the P/C ratio of equipment.When using other solid statelaser,, be installed in the volume and weight that will significantly increase dolly on the laser processing car because the volume and weight of laser apparatus is relatively large.Therefore, this class laser apparatus should be installed in the power system freight container, to guarantee the high maneuverability of laser processing car.
Present device can be used to realize the laser surface highly malleablized processing of track different sites, comprises laser phase-change quenching, consolidation quenching, laser melting coating and Alloying Treatment etc.
Be processed as example to adopt high-power semiconductor laser to carry out open-air laser melting coating reparation below, the structure of present device is described in conjunction with each figure.As shown in Figure 1, whole online laser process equipment comprises laser processing car 1 and power system freight container 2 two portions.
Power system freight container 2 comprises and is installed in the intravital generator 10 of freight container, refrigerator 11, air compressor machine 12, cooling driers 13 and laser apparatus high-voltage power supply 14, also may comprise laser apparatus 7 and Controlling System 9.When power system freight container 2 is installed on the cargo truck, be referred to as the power engineering car.For slowing down in transportation, equipment such as generator, air compressor machine, cooling driers, refrigerator, laser power supply are because the uneven generation vibration of road, take place and the compartment between collision, cause the degree of equipment damage, above-mentioned each device can be installed in the container body by vibroshock.
Laser apparatus high-voltage power supply 14 is provided for laser apparatus 7 and produces the needed dc high-voltage of laser.
Controlling System 9 is electrically connected with refrigerator 11, air compressor machine 12, cooling driers 13, laser apparatus high-voltage power supply 14, laser apparatus 7, powder feeder 8, controls the Push And Release of each device, and controls movement topworks 5 is according to the orbiting motion of setting.The orbiting motion that laser Machining head 4 sets according to Controlling System 9 under the drive of movement executing mechanism 5 is finished the highly malleablized on rail surface and is handled.Laser apparatus 7 is transferred to laser Machining head 4 by light-conducting system 6 with laser beam, focuses on and act on workpiece surface.The hard light path system that light-conducting system 6 can adopt existing ferry optical transmission system or be made up of the polylith speculum, when using semiconductor laser, laser apparatus can be linked to each other with laser Machining head by light-conducting system (here being beam-expanding collimation system) as light source.Powder feeder 8 links to each other by the nozzle of conduit with laser Machining head 4.
When not working, laser processing dolly 1 was thrown off with being connected all of power system freight container 2, laid separately.During work, laser processing dolly 1 is transported to the job site with power system freight container 2, and each major parts is connected by optical fiber, supply lead, control line, gas pipeline and water pipe, launches the work of treatment of laser surface highly malleablized then.
Illustrate several specific implementations of each parts below.
Travelling car 3 is 2～4 wheels to be installed constitute on the skeleton construction that is made of aluminium alloy or steelframe (vehicle body) 15, vehicle body 15 adopts aluminium alloy extrusions or shaped steel manufacturings, and its thickness and size require to determine according to the weight of the device of required installation on the dolly such as powder feeder, laser apparatus, movement executing mechanism etc.According to the decoration form and the minimized principle of dolly quality of equipment on the dolly, the wheel on the dolly can be two, three or four.Dolly with tricycle structure is an example, as Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, shown in Figure 5, driving wheel 17, front-wheel 18 and cincture 19 has been installed on skeleton construction.On driving wheel 17, servomotor 21 and gear train 22 have been installed, can under the driving of Controlling System, seesaw along rail.On the vehicle body 15 of travelling car 3, handle 20 also has been installed, be used for rail 57 is settled or moved away to laser processing car 1.
As shown in Figure 5, driving wheel 17 cooperates transmission by gear unit 22, wheel bearing 23 and axletree 24.Track 57 be installed or be moved away to car load can by handle 20.Travelling car 3 cooperates by the front-wheel 18 on it, driving wheel 17, cincture 19 and track 57, and drives dolly by driving wheel servomotor 21 and move forward and backward along the length direction of rail.
Travelling car 3 also can adopt two wheel constructions, and the bracing frame location is installed.By artificial moving travelling car is installed on the single rail of track,, can further reduces device fabrication cost and weight by the bracing frame location.Travelling car 3 adopts the four-wheel structures can increase the stability of laser processing car, but the weight of dolly further increases, and is unfavorable for manual handling laser processing car.
As shown in Figure 6, laser Machining head 4 comprises beam expanding lens 33, light conducting cylinder 34, transmission focusing mirror 35, laser head support 37, nozzle 39.The light inlet of beam expanding lens 33 links to each other with the light-emitting window of light-conducting system 6 (optical fiber or hard light path system), and the light-emitting window of laser beam expanding lens 33 inserts the top of light conducting cylinder 34, and institute's depth of penetration can upper and lower adjustment in light conducting cylinder 34.Light conducting cylinder 34 is fixed on the laser head support 37 by set nut 36, and transmission focusing mirror 35 is installed in light conducting cylinder 34 bottoms, and nozzle 39 is connected with the bottom thread of light conducting cylinder 34.A plurality of valves 40 (preferably being symmetrically distributed) also are installed on light conducting cylinder 34.Their effect has two: when adopting laser melting and coating process, the powder feeding conduit of they and powder feeder 8 links to each other, powdered alloy by conduit along the coaxial ejection of nozzle; When adopting laser phase-change quenching or consolidation quenching technology, above-mentioned 4 valves link to each other with the air outlet of cooling driers respectively, and cleaning, clean pressurized air are sprayed from nozzle, prevent that eyeglass is by smoke contamination.
When laser Machining head 4 linked to each other with powder feeder 8, nozzle 39 adopted coaxial powder-feeding nozzle.
The another kind of form of laser Machining head can adopt industrial reflect focalization mode laser Machining head commonly used, by turning axle or other rotating mechanism it is installed on movement executing mechanism or the travelling car 3.Enumerate a kind of concrete structure formation below, but reflector laser processing head used in the present invention is not limited thereto.As shown in figure 19, the reflective focused type laser Machining head is made up of light conducting cylinder 34, aspheric surface condensing lens 62 and nozzle 39.Aspheric surface condensing lens 62 is installed in the light conducting cylinder 34, and nozzle 39 is connected with light conducting cylinder 34 from the side.The axle center of light conducting cylinder 34 is vertical with the axle center of nozzle 39.The center along continuous straight runs of the axle center of light conducting cylinder 34 and aspheric surface condensing lens 62 is consistent, and the center of the axle center of nozzle 39 and aspheric surface condensing lens 62 vertically is consistent.During work, laser beam is injected in the light conducting cylinder 34 through beam expanding lens, acts on the pending track after being focused on by aspheric surface condensing lens 62.Can realize control by the aspheric surface condensing lens 62 of selecting different focal to focused spot size.
Above-mentioned two kinds of laser Machining heads all can be used for the laser enhancement and toughening on rail surface to be handled.Wherein, transmission focusing formula laser processing header structure is comparatively simple, and weight is also light slightly, but condensing lens is a crystal, damages because pollute easily.Reflective focused type laser Machining head eyeglass is a bronze mirror all, and weather resistance is strong, relatively is fit to long-time field work state.
As shown in Figure 7, when adopting photoconductive fiber as light-conducting system, the laser beam 55 that laser apparatus 7 sends is coupled into photoconductive fiber 47 through optical fiber coupling head 46, be transferred to the laser beam expanding lens 33 on the laser Machining head 4, shine on the pending track after focusing on by condensing lens again, realize the processing of laser surface highly malleablized.Photoconductive fiber 47 is to constitute (n2〉n1) by the little waveguide core layer material of intrinsic loss (its specific refractory power is n2) and clad material (its specific refractory power is n1).The transmission loss of the infrared laser of 1064nm in photoconductive fiber is extremely low, even fiber lengths reaches 100 meters, maximum loss still can remain on below 5%.Therefore, even in case of necessity laser apparatus is installed in the power system freight container 2 apart from 100 meters far away of rail, still the high-power laser beam high efficiency of transmission that laser apparatus 7 can be exported is to the laser processing car 1 that is positioned on the track.When adopting optical fiber laser, diode pumped solid state laser, lamp light-pumped solid state laser, all use optical fiber as light-conducting system 6, and, generally it is installed in the power system freight container 2 because volume, the weight of such laser apparatus are relatively large as light source.When adopting high-power semiconductor laser as laser source, because its volume is little, in light weight, and beam quality is relatively poor relatively, therefore can be directly installed on the laser processing car 1, so that shorten light path.At this moment, both can adopt Optical Fiber Transmission, also can adopt hard light path system transmission.
When adopting hard optic path, dual mode is arranged: a kind of is the top that laser apparatus 7 is directly installed on laser Machining head 4, and semiconductor laser 7 is linked to each other with laser Machining head 4 by the light-conducting system of compositions such as beam expanding lens, is used for laser processing after the focusing.Another kind of mode adopts 45 ° of arrangements of mirrors that laser apparatus emitted laser bundle is conducted to be used for laser processing after focusing on the laser Machining head 4.
When laser apparatus 7 is positioned on the travelling car 3, the structure of laser processing car 1 such as Fig. 8, Fig. 9, shown in Figure 10.Movement executing mechanism 5 adopts three-dimension numerical controlled lathe, and three-dimension numerical controlled lathe comprises X-axis servomotor 25, Y-axis servomotor 26, Z axle servomotor 27, X-axis worktable 28, Y-axis worktable 29 and Z axle worktable 30.Laser beam directly is irradiated to track 57 surfaces after transferring to laser Machining head 4 focusing by photoconductive fiber 6 from laser apparatus 7.
When laser apparatus 7 was arranged in power system freight container 2, the structure of laser processing car 1 as shown in figure 11.This moment, laser beam was by the laser Machining head 4 of Optical Fiber Transmission to the laser processing car 1, shone the rail surface after focusing on.
As shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13, a rotatable chassis 31 is installed below the X-axis worktable 28 of numerically-controlled machine, X-axis worktable 28 is fixed on the rotatable chassis 31.180 degree can be rotated around rotary middle spindle 32 in rotatable chassis 31.When laser processing car 1 is handled left side rail 57, lock rotatable chassis 31 with screw, to prevent movement executing mechanism 5 shakes or to slide.After the processing of having finished left side rail 57, only need this screw is unclamped, manually promote it and rotate 180 degree around rotary middle spindle 32, then with the screw locking, just can carry out laser processing and handle the other side rail 57.And the rest part on the laser processing car 1 does not need to move.This structure is with the advantage that structure shown in Figure 8 is compared: when needs change the track of laser processing, do not need whole laser processing car 1 lifted commutation, and the numerically-controlled machine that only need rotate wherein partly gets final product, laborsaving saving trouble used convenient.At this moment, travelling car 3 adopts the four-wheel system, so that increase the stationarity of equipment.
As shown in figure 14, when laser apparatus 7 adopts high-power semiconductor laser as light source, can directly link to each other by beam expanding lens, thereby can reduce the laser beam transmission loss with laser Machining head 4.
Compare when being mobile topworks with numerically-controlled machine, robot 61 is actually a kind of 6 digital control system, it replaces numerically-controlled machine as topworks, maximum advantage is: it can be after weaving laser beam machining program, and the disposable highly malleablized of finishing rail tread (front) and inboard is handled.Simultaneously, the scope of activity of robot is bigger, can after handle, the highly malleablized of finishing one side track 57 treads and inboard directly finish the laser enhancement and toughening of the other side rail 57 treads and inboard according to the software of being worked out and handle, and not need to make dolly change direction.The weak point of this structure has 2 points: the one, and the weight of robot 61 is generally big than numerically-controlled machine, the vehicle body rigid structure of laser processing car 1 must just can meet the demands in corresponding reinforcement, the weight of adding robot 61 itself is also bigger, so the complete vehicle weight of laser processing car 1 can increase more.When needs carrying laser processing car 1, can have difficulties by manpower merely, but can finish by fork truck; The 2nd, the cost of robot 61 will increase the device fabrication cost generally than three axis numerically controlled machine height.When adopting high-power semiconductor laser as laser source, laser apparatus 7 can be installed on the laser processing car 1, as shown in figure 16.Also laser apparatus 7 can be directly installed on the actuating station of robot 61, as shown in figure 17.At this moment, laser apparatus 7 directly links to each other with laser Machining head 4, has saved Optical Fiber Transmission or hard light path light-conducting system, and structure is simpler, has reduced equipment manufacturing cost.Its weak point is: laser apparatus 7 directly is loaded on the execution joint of robot 61, requires the weight capacity of robot 61 bigger, causes relevant cost to increase.
When adopting optical fiber laser or diode pumping solid laser as light source, laser apparatus will be installed in the power system freight container 2.At this moment, laser apparatus 7 outputs of laser beam from being arranged in power system freight container 2 are transferred on the laser Machining head 4 that is directly installed on robot 61 actuating stations by optical fiber 6, act on rail 57 surfaces after the focusing, as shown in figure 18.This structure can alleviate the weight of laser processing car 1, but Optical Fiber Transmission has increased the cost of equipment.Identical with device layout in this laser processing car 1 pairing power system freight container 2 with Figure 15, therefore repeat no more.
For alleviating the weight of laser processing car 1, movement executing mechanism 5 can adopt servomotor 68, directly the driving laser processing head is done the swinging type scanning action, also can adopt the laser galvanometer system of diaxon or multiaxis to cooperate condensing lens as laser Machining head, directly realizes the scanning of laser oscillating formula.Doing swinging type scanning with servomotor drive transmission focusing formula laser Machining head 4 is example, and corresponding laser processing car 1 is shown in Figure 20,21 and 22, and laser processing car 1 comprises travelling car 3, laser Machining head 4, powder feeder 8, beam expanding lens 33 and bearing 67.
Wherein, travelling car 3 comprise vehicle body 15, driving wheel 17, front-wheel 18, cincture 19, handle 20, turning axle 38, arc-shaped rail 64 and 64 ', auxiliary stand 65 and support bar 66.Driving wheel 17 links to each other by handle 20 with front-wheel 18, and an end of support bar 66 is fixed on the handle 20, and the other end is connected with cincture 19.Be connected with auxiliary stand 65 on the support bar 66.Support bar 66 can be designed to the structure of adjustable in length, to satisfy the variation of distance between two rail.Laser Machining head 4 overall fixed are on vehicle body 15, one end of laser Machining head 4 links to each other with servomotor 68 by turning axle 38 integral body, and can under the driving of servomotor 68, do the swinging type scanning motion, the pendulum angle scope of laser Machining head 4 is 30 °～150 °, and hunting frequency is by the velocity of rotation control of servomotor 68.Bearing 67 is fixed on the vehicle body 15, and beam expanding lens 33 is fixed in bearing 67 endoporus and from right-hand member and stretches in the light conducting cylinder 34, but does not contact with light conducting cylinder 34.The axle center of beam expanding lens 33, light conducting cylinder 34 and turning axle 38 and the center along continuous straight runs of 45 ° of speculums 43 are consistent.The center of the axle center of transmission focusing mirror 35 and nozzle 39 and 45 ° of speculums 43 vertically is consistent.Transmission focusing mirror 35 position vertically is up-down adjustment manually, thereby realizes the control to focused spot size.
Two identical arc-shaped rails 64 and 64 ' be separately fixed at handle 20 two ends, the two ends of vehicle body 15 embed respectively arc-shaped rail 64 and 64 ' in, and can drive whole laser Machining head 4, servomotor 68, turning axle 38, beam expanding lens 33 and bearing 67 along arc-shaped rail 64 and 64 ' rotation, the angular range that rotates is 0 °～90 °, can realize that the laser surface highly malleablized of different sites such as rail tread and inboard is handled.According to the real work needs, vehicle body 15 can commutate 180 ° of embeddings be installed in arc-shaped rail 64 and 64 ' in, and the position of remaining part does not need to change on the laser processing car 1, just can realize the laser surface highly malleablized processing of different sites such as the rail outside.This moment, the rotation angle range of vehicle body 15 was 90 °～180 °.When if laser processing car 1 is provided with powder feeder 8, powder feeder 8 is fixed on the support bar 66.During work, driving wheel 17 and front-wheel 18 are positioned on same the railway track 57 of online treatment, and cincture 19 be positioned at another parallel railway track 57 ' on.After processing an one steel rail, directly the 1 whole commutation of laser processing car is installed by handle 20, just can process another parallel one steel rail.This structure is with the advantage that structure shown in Figure 9 is compared: one-piece construction is simpler, only need a swing just can realize the motor function of diaxon, reduced the number of servomotor, transport units such as leading screw have been omitted, weight is lighter, and 1～2 people just can realize installation, dismounting and the carrying in orbit of laser processing car.In conjunction with rotatable vehicle body, can satisfy the process requirements of rail different sites easily.
Go up corresponding transmission focusing formula laser Machining head or reflective focused type laser Machining head when laser processing car shown in Figure 20 1 is cooperated, laser processing car 1 just can be realized the laser enhancement and toughening processing to rail surface different positions (tread, inboard and the outside) with the form of galvanometer oscillatory scanning.Enumerate several specific implementations of this kind laser processing car below, but the present invention is not limited thereto about the use of this kind laser processing car.
With reference to Figure 20,21, be example with transmission focusing formula laser Machining head.With laser Machining head 4 arc-shaped rail 64 and 64 ' on rotate to the horizontal direction angle and be 90 ° position and fix with screw.The laser beam of laser apparatus 7 outputs is injected in the laser Machining head 4 behind beam expanding lens 33 by optical fiber or hard light path system 6, after laser beam changes 90 ° through 45 ° of speculums 43, after 35 focusing of transmission focusing mirror, penetrate and act on the tread of rail 57 from nozzle 39.The transmission focusing mirror 35 in the adjustment laser Machining head 4 and the relative position of track tread are selected suitable focused spot size.Under the laser beam effect, laser Machining head 4 is done left-right swing type scanning, cooperates seesawing of travelling car 3 just can finish the laser processing of whole one steel rail tread.Actual needs according to location of rail, by changing hunting frequency, the speed that seesaws of travelling car 3 and the way of output of laser beam of laser Machining head 4, just can be at the point-like of the rail surface required width of acquisition and the degree of depth, linearity (horizontal line or oblique line), curve-like, netted and plane surface toughening layer.
When aforesaid device is used for laser phase-change quenching or consolidation quenching, on the laser processing car 1 powder feeder 8 can be set.
As shown in figure 23, when laser apparatus 7 adopts high-power semiconductor laser as light source, can be directly installed on the vehicle body 15 of laser processing car 1, link to each other with laser Machining head 4, can reduce the laser beam transmission loss like this by beam expanding lens.
With reference to Figure 24, be example with transmission focusing formula laser Machining head.With laser Machining head 4 arc-shaped rail 64 and 64 ' on rotate to the horizontal direction angle and be 45 ° position and fix with screw.The laser beam of laser apparatus 7 outputs is injected in the laser Machining head 4 behind beam expanding lens 33 by optical fiber or hard light path 6, after laser beam changes 90 ° through 45 ° of speculums 43, after 35 focusing of transmission focusing mirror, penetrate and act on the medial surface of rail 57 from nozzle 39.The transmission focusing mirror 35 in the adjustment laser Machining head 4 and the relative position of track medial surface are selected suitable focused spot size.Under certain laser power, laser Machining head 4 is done vertically shaking scanning with certain frequency, cooperates travelling car 3 to seesaw with certain speed and just can finish the laser processing of whole one steel rail medial surface.Actual needs according to location of rail, by changing hunting frequency, the speed that seesaws of travelling car 3 and the way of output of laser beam of laser Machining head 4, can obtain the point-like, linearity (horizontal line or oblique line), curve-like of the required width and the degree of depth, netted and plane surface toughening layer on the rail surface.
Laser processing car 1 can be equipped with 2～3 laser Machining heads and simultaneously rail be carried out the surface toughening processing.To be equipped with 2 transmission focusing formula laser Machining heads simultaneously is example, with reference to Figure 25.Be equipped with two identical laser Machining heads 4 and 4 ' tread and the inboard of rail processed simultaneously on the laser processing car 1 simultaneously.With laser Machining head 4 arc-shaped rail 64 and 64 ' on rotate to the horizontal direction angle and be 90 ° position and fix with screw, with laser Machining head 4 ' arc-shaped rail 64 and 64 ' on rotate to the horizontal direction angle and be 30 ° position and fix with screw.Two bundle laser can or adopt two laser apparatus to transmit respectively and realize by 1 laser apparatus branch light transmission.Two bundle laser import respectively by optical fiber 6, inject corresponding laser Machining head after expanding bundle respectively.For the laser Machining head 4 of 90 ° of positions, laser beam after 35 focusing of transmission focusing mirror, penetrates and acts on the tread of rail 57 from nozzle 39 after changing 90 ° through 45 ° of speculums 43.The transmission focusing mirror 35 in the adjustment laser Machining head 4 and the relative position of track tread can be selected suitable focused spot size.For the laser Machining head 4 that is in 30 ° of positions ', laser beam changes 90 ° through 45 ° of speculums 43, again through transmission focusing mirror 35 ' after focusing on, from nozzle 39 ' penetrate and the act on medial surface of rail 57.Adjust laser Machining head 4 ' in transmission focusing mirror 35 ' with the relative position of track medial surface, select suitable focused spot size.After the adjustment of the position of two condensing lenss finishes, under certain laser power, laser Machining head 4 is done left-right swing type scanning with certain frequency, while laser Machining head 4 ' do vertically shaking scanning with certain frequency cooperates travelling car 3 just can finish the laser processing of whole one steel rail tread and medial surface simultaneously with certain speed motion.Actual needs according to location of rail, by change laser Machining head 4 and 4 ' hunting frequency and the speed that seesaws of travelling car 3, in conjunction with the change of the laser beam way of output, just can obtain the point-like, linearity (horizontal line or oblique line), curve-like of the required width and the degree of depth, netted and plane surface toughening layer on rail surface.
With reference to Figure 26, be the outer side that example is handled guard rail with transmission focusing formula laser Machining head.The driving wheel 17 of travelling car 3 and front-wheel 18 are positioned on same the pending guard rail 69, and cincture 19 be positioned at another railway track 57 ' on.180 ° of embeddings of vehicle body 15 commutation be installed in arc-shaped rail 64 and 64 ' in, with laser Machining head 4 arc-shaped rail 64 and 64 ' on rotate to the horizontal direction angle and be 150 ° position and fix with screw, the laser beam of laser apparatus 7 outputs is injected in the laser Machining head 4 through beam expanding lens 33 by optical fiber or hard light path 6, after laser beam changes 90 ° through 45 ° of speculums 43, after 35 focusing of transmission focusing mirror, penetrate and act on the outer side of guard rail 69 from nozzle 39.The transmission focusing mirror 35 in the adjustment laser Machining head 4 and the relative position of guard rail outer side are selected suitable focused spot size.Under certain laser power, laser Machining head 4 is done vertically shaking scanning with certain frequency, cooperates travelling car 3 with the certain speed motion and the way of output of laser beam, just can finish the laser processing of whole guard rail outer side.According to the actual needs that protects the wheel location of rail, by changing hunting frequency, the speed that seesaws of travelling car 3 and the way of output of laser beam of laser Machining head 4, can obtain the point-like, linearity (horizontal line or oblique line), curve-like of the required width and the degree of depth, netted and plane surface toughening layer on the rail surface.
With reference to Figure 27, be example with the reflective focused type laser Machining head.According to the different positions (tread, inboard or the outside) of rail Laser Surface Treatment, with laser Machining head 4 rotation be positioned at arc-shaped rail 64 and 64 ' different positions.The laser beam of laser apparatus 7 outputs is injected in the laser Machining head 4 through beam expanding lens 33 by optical fiber or hard light path 6, and laser beam penetrates and act on the surface of rail 57 through after 62 focusing of 45 ° of aspheric surface condensing lenss and changing 90 ° from nozzle 39.Select the aspheric surface condensing lens 62 of different focal for use according to the practical situation (tread, inboard or the outside) of rail Laser Surface Treatment, obtain suitable focused spot size.Under certain laser power, about laser Machining head 4 is done with certain frequency or swing up and down scanning, cooperate travelling car 3 just can finish the laser processing of putting in order the one steel rail different sites with certain speed motion.Actual needs according to location of rail, by changing hunting frequency, the speed that seesaws of travelling car 3 and the way of output of laser beam of laser Machining head 4, can obtain the point-like, linearity (horizontal line or oblique line), curve-like of the required width and the degree of depth, netted and plane surface toughening layer on the rail surface.
Be example explanation operation of entire equipment process to adopt high-power semiconductor laser to carry out the field laser surface intensified below.
Adopt high-power semiconductor laser to carry out that open-air railway track is laser surface intensified to add man-hour, power system freight container 2 is installed on the cargo truck 16, constitute the power engineering car, it arranges synoptic diagram (off-position) as shown in figure 15.During work, laser processing car 1 is moved on the track 57 from cargo truck 16.When needs were finished rail laser surface highly malleablized processing tasks, concrete implementing process flow process was as follows:
(1) the power engineering car loads laser processing car 1 and is driven to the snipe that need carry out the laser surface highly malleablized or repair processing treatment, looks for and place opposed flattened near from line of reasoning section of living in to stop.Power engineering car unoperated position is no more than 100 meters apart from the slant range of rail 57.With artificial or fork truck laser processing car 1 is carried to required rail to be processed highway section,, and makes laser processing car 1 move to the appointment Working position the two sidecar wheels alignment track of laser processing car 1.Adopt electric wire, tracheae, water pipe etc. that the device on the power engineering car accurately is connected according to mode of connection shown in Figure 1 respectively with device on the laser processing car 1.
(2) starter-generator 10, powder feeder 8, refrigerator 11, air compressor machine 12, cooling driers 13, laser apparatus high-voltage power supply 14, opening control 9 starts laser apparatus 7 and makes it be in holding state.Controlling System 9 is by the mode of motion of controls movement topworks 5, adjusts the relative position of focusing lens and raceway surface on the laser Machining head 4, controls the size of focus point position and spot size.Laser Machining head 4 can adopt reflect focalization mode or transmission focusing mode.
(3) after the position adjustment on the laser Machining head 4 finishes, call in or work out motor program, the setting processing parameter of movement executing mechanism 5.Open Controlling System 9, laser processing operation begins, and forms the laser enhancement and toughening layer of the required width and the degree of depth at raceway surface.
(4) after the laser enhancement and toughening of track tread is finished dealing with, with laser Machining head 4 rotating certain angle, repeating step (3) and (4) can form required laser enhancement and toughening layer at the track table then by the rotating mechanism on the laser Machining head 4.
(5) after the surface treatment of one section rail was finished in laser processing, mobile laser processing car 1 repeated above-mentioned steps to another specified location, finishes the laser reinforcing of another section raceway surface.
(6) adopt above-mentioned operation to finish the monolateral processing of rail after, after directly laser reinforcing being processed car and moved away from track and commutation and install, can begin processing to the other side track by handle 20.
, task tight when the duration weighs, and when needing the quickening progress, can adopt two or many laser processing cars, concentrates the highway section of requirement surface toughening is handled, so that the reduction of erection time is satisfied the transportation by railroad requirement.
When carrying out the online laser surface highly malleablized of subway or light rail rail when handling, power system freight container 2 is placed on the railway platform truck, and the time of utilizing subway or light rail to stop transport evening is carried out surface Hardening Treatment to rail.When laser process equipment off-line highly malleablized in the workshop was handled the rail surface, laser processing car 1 was transported to the job site with power system freight container 2, and power system freight container 2 can be placed on the processing site in the workshop.Layout, line with power system freight container 2 interior equipment on the laser processing car 1 are identical with Fig. 1, and the technical process of whole laser process equipment is identical with the online laser enhancement and toughening processing of open-air railway track, does not repeat them here.
Claims (10)
1. one kind is used for the online laser process equipment that the rail surface toughening is handled, and it is characterized in that: it comprises laser processing car (1) and power engineering car (2);
Laser processing car (1) comprises the movement executing mechanism (5) that is installed on the travelling car (3); When movement executing mechanism (5) was numerically-controlled machine or robot, laser Machining head (4) was movably arranged on the movement executing mechanism (5);
Power engineering car (2) comprises refrigerator (11), air compressor machine (12), cooling driers (13) and laser apparatus high-voltage power supply (14);
The light-emitting window of laser apparatus (7) is connected with the light inlet of laser Machining head (4) by light-conducting system (6); Laser apparatus high-voltage power supply (14) is electrically connected with laser apparatus (7), produces the needed high direct voltage electric energy of laser for it provides;
Refrigerator (11) provides cooling for the optical mirror slip on laser apparatus (7) and light-conducting system (6) and the laser Machining head (4);
An air outlet of air compressor machine (12) is connected by the air intake vent of pipeline with cooling driers (13), and an air outlet of cooling driers (13) links to each other with laser Machining head (4) by pipeline;
Controlling System (9) is installed on the travelling car (3); Controlling System (9) is electrically connected with refrigerator (11), air compressor machine (12), cooling driers (13), laser apparatus high-voltage power supply (14), laser apparatus (7) and movement executing mechanism (5) respectively; The open and close of Controlling System (9) control refrigerator (11), air compressor machine (12), cooling driers (13), laser apparatus high-voltage power supply (14) and laser apparatus (7), Controlling System (9) controls movement topworks (5) and laser processing car (1) are according to the orbiting motion of setting.
2. online laser process equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: powder feeder (8) also is installed on the travelling car (3), and powder feeder (8) links to each other with Controlling System (9), and links to each other by the nozzle of conduit with laser Machining head (4); Another air outlet of cooling driers (13) links to each other with powder feeder (8) by pipeline.
3. online laser process equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: (2) also are included as the generator (10) that other each parts in the equipment provide electric energy on the power engineering car.
4. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described online laser process equipments, it is characterized in that: laser Machining head (4) is transmission focusing formula laser Machining head or reflective focused type laser Machining head, is installed on the movement executing mechanism (5) by turning axle (38).
5. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described online laser process equipments, it is characterized in that: light-conducting system (6) is a photoconductive fiber.
6. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described online laser process equipments, it is characterized in that: movement executing mechanism (5) is a numerically-controlled machine, and the chassis (31) that can rotate is installed below the X-axis worktable of numerically-controlled machine.
7. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described online laser process equipments, it is characterized in that: laser Machining head (4) is made up of beam expanding lens (33), light conducting cylinder (34), transmission focusing mirror (35), laser head support (37) and nozzle (39);
Valve (40) is installed on the light conducting cylinder (34), light conducting cylinder (34) is fixed on the laser head support (37), the light-emitting window of beam expanding lens (33) inserts the top of light conducting cylinder (34), transmission focusing mirror (35) is installed in light conducting cylinder (34) bottom, and nozzle (39) is connected with the bottom thread of light conducting cylinder (34); Laser head support (37) is installed on the movement executing mechanism (5) by turning axle (38).
8. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described online laser process equipments, it is characterized in that: laser Machining head (4) is made up of light conducting cylinder (34), aspheric surface condensing lens (62) and nozzle (39), aspheric surface condensing lens (62) is installed in the light conducting cylinder (34), nozzle (39) is connected with light conducting cylinder (34) from the side, the axle center of light conducting cylinder (34) is vertical with the axle center of nozzle (39), the axle center of light conducting cylinder (34) is consistent with the center along continuous straight runs of aspheric surface condensing lens (62), and the axle center of nozzle (39) is vertically consistent with the center of aspheric surface condensing lens (62).
9. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described equipment, it is characterized in that: laser Machining head (4) is made of laser galvanometer system and condensing lens, and condensing lens is positioned on the bright dipping light path of laser galvanometer system.
10. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described equipment, it is characterized in that: travelling car (3) comprises vehicle body (15), driving wheel (17), front-wheel (18) and cincture (19); Driving wheel (17) links to each other by handle (20) with front-wheel (18), and the length of support bar (66) can be regulated, and the one end is fixed on the handle (20), and the other end is connected with cincture (19); Be connected with auxiliary stand (65) on the support bar (66); Two arc-shaped rails (64,64 ') are separately fixed at handle (20) two ends, and the two ends of vehicle body (15) can be installed in two arc-shaped rails (64,64 ') respectively with dismantling.
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| CNA2008100470285A CN101240367A (en) | 2008-03-10 | 2008-03-10 | On-line laser processing device used for railway steel rail surface toughening treatment |
| CN2008101696715A CN101403030B (en) | 2008-03-10 | 2008-10-08 | On-line laser machining apparatus for strengthening and toughening treatment of steel rail surface |
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| CN102021561B (en) * | 2009-09-17 | 2012-07-11 | 沈阳大陆激光技术有限公司 | Laser top-surface cladding method |
| CN101798789B (en) * | 2010-02-10 | 2011-11-30 | 华中科技大学 | Mobile-type laser processing device for on-line processing surface of steel rail |
| CN102121064A (en) * | 2011-01-30 | 2011-07-13 | 武汉华工激光工程有限责任公司 | Off-line laser quenching process for surface strengthening treatment of steel rail |
| CN102121217B (en) * | 2011-01-30 | 2012-11-28 | 武汉武钢华工激光大型装备有限公司 | Online laser quenching process for strengthening steel rail surface |
| CN202809417U (en) * | 2012-03-27 | 2013-03-20 | 武汉新瑞达激光工程有限责任公司 | On-line type steel rail laser processing vehicle |
| WO2014005478A1 (en) * | 2012-07-05 | 2014-01-09 | 武汉新瑞达激光工程有限责任公司 | Onsite steel rail laser processing vehicle |
| CN102877384B (en) * | 2012-09-17 | 2014-10-15 | 燕山大学 | Online thermal treatment method capable of prolonging service life of railway frog |
| CN103215411B (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2015-07-08 | 武汉新瑞达激光工程有限责任公司 | Laser quenching method and device |
| CN103290176B (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2015-08-26 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of multi irradiation laser-quenching method and device |
| CN103331523B (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2016-02-10 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | A kind of method adopting solid laser system to prepare grip optical fiber silicagel pad |
| CN103667607B (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2015-09-09 | 广州中国科学院先进技术研究所 | A kind of laser-quenching method based on scanning galvanometer and device |
| CN104212965A (en) * | 2014-09-02 | 2014-12-17 | 辽宁科技大学 | Method for online laser broadband quenching on surface of steel rail |
| CN106988175B (en) | 2017-03-22 | 2018-09-07 | 武汉新瑞达激光工程有限责任公司 | A kind of online rail laser processing vehicle |
| CN109570148A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-04-05 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | The laser cleaning all-in-one machine of direct-connected air compressor machine |
| CN110670063A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-01-10 | 东南大学 | Cladding equipment and method for carrying out online repair on surface of steel rail |
| CN113046538A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2021-06-29 | 成都真火科技有限公司 | Control device of online steel rail surface strengthening equipment |
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| KR20210148517A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2021-12-08 | 삼성전자주식회사 | laser bonding apparatus and laser bonding method of the same |
| CN115679756B (en) * | 2022-11-08 | 2023-05-23 | 山东雷石智能制造股份有限公司 | Automatic laser cladding vehicle for rail transit |
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