CN201280675Y - On-line laser machining apparatus for strengthening and toughening treatment of track surface - Google Patents
On-line laser machining apparatus for strengthening and toughening treatment of track surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN201280675Y CN201280675Y CNU2008201913854U CN200820191385U CN201280675Y CN 201280675 Y CN201280675 Y CN 201280675Y CN U2008201913854 U CNU2008201913854 U CN U2008201913854U CN 200820191385 U CN200820191385 U CN 200820191385U CN 201280675 Y CN201280675 Y CN 201280675Y
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an on-line laser processing device used for rail surface strengthening and toughening treatment, which comprises a laser processing trolley and a power system container. The laser processing trolley comprises a motion actuating mechanism, a laser processing head, and/ or a control system and a powder feeder, which are installed on a moving trolley. The power system container comprises an electric generator, a refrigerator, an air compressor, a refrigerated air dryer and a laser high-voltage power source, which are installed in a container body. The laser processing head is installed on the motion actuating mechanism and is connected with a laser directly or through a light guide system. The on-line laser processing device can finish the treatment of surface quenching, fusing quenching, alloying and cladding through laser on various rails, including main rails, curved paths, guard rails and turnouts, without dismantling the rail and affecting the normal operation of the train; and the wearing resistance of the processed rail is greatly improved. The on-line laser processing device is convenient to assemble and remove, simple to operate and control, and high in processing precision.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to surface peening and recovery technique, relates to a kind of online laser process equipment of realizing rail surface toughening and repair process, and the rail surface toughening that is particularly useful for railway, subway and light rail is handled.
Background technology
Along with train speed, freight volume and the heavy raising of axle, rail is because the speed of wear out failure is more and more faster, takes place when the damage of invar rail and the derail accident that causes.China is used to change and keep in repair the direct cost of damaging rail every year and reaches billions of yuans.
At a high speed, heavy haul train has higher requirement to the running stability and the safety of train, the abrasion resistance of rail is better, longer service life is one of key factor wherein.Concerning the common railway working line, the damage of rail mainly shows as porous dehiscence, rail head is vertical and piece and scalelike mark etc. are hindered, peeled off to horizontal crackle, scratch, hardening flaw, web of the rail circular arc lobe, nuclear.Concerning gapless track, the damage of rail mainly shows as welding point damage, rail head is vertical and horizontal crackle, porous dehiscence, abrade, peel off piece and scalelike mark, web of the rail circular arc lobe and nuclear and hinder etc., mainly is due to the reasons such as fretting wear, fatigue wear owing to rail, wheel in the train transportation.Up to now, how effectively alleviating and eliminating these track defects does not also have effective solution, has only and adopts the mode of directly changing rail, makes the railway operation cost high.
Along with the realization of China railways the sixth time speed-raising and the startup of four vertical four horizontal mainline railway building projects, railway operation high speed, heavy loading have become accelerates the inexorable trend that China Railway already develops.Yet, under existing track condition, the application life and the maintenance cycle of railway basic components will be further shortened in the raising of Locomotive Axle Load, the speed of service and intensity, rail maintenance and train operating safety also will face a severe challenge, and become the bottleneck that the rail transport ability further improves in restriction China.It is surprising with regard to quantity only to be that railway department is used to change track switch part critical piece (as tongue, check rail, stock rail, frog) involved rail material expense, labour cost every year, add replacing main track, bend and the direct economic loss that other part caused, influence the indirect economic loss that the train transportation causes the capacity deficiency to be brought with keeping in repair because of railway, its value is difficult to estimate especially.Therefore, further improve the necessary guarantee that becomes China's development high speed, heavy haul train application life of railroad track.
In order to improve the application life of railway rail, generally take three kinds of methods both at home and abroad: the first, adopt the induction full length quenching, obtain the fine pearlite tissue; The second, adopt low-alloy high-carbon steel to replace common straightcarbon steel; The 3rd, adopt bainitic steel or low-carbon martensitic steels to replace high-carbon steel, further improve the case hardness of rail etc.In the past few years, the full length rail quenching technology has been obtained significant effect, and it makes the abrasion resistance of rail improve 50% (straight way) and 100% (bend) respectively.Yet, the main weak point of total length quenching technology is that martensite even bainite structure can not appear in the surface of rail, otherwise will reduce the fracture toughness of rail significantly, and cause rail to occur accidents such as disconnected rail under arms in the process, badly influence the safe operation of railway.Therefore, rail hardness generally was controlled between Hv320～390 after total length was quenched, and the excavation of its abrasion resistance potentiality is near the limit.The low-alloy high-carbon steel rail combines with the total length quenching technology, can further improve the rail abrasion resistance, but effect is not remarkable.Low-carbon martensite rail and bainite rail still are in development, and main difficulty is how to guarantee the strength of welded joint problem of rail.
Laser surface hardening technology is recent two decades development one of metal material surface strengthening technologies very rapidly, it comprises technologies such as laser phase-change quenching, consolidation quenching, surface alloying and surface cladding technology, its common feature is that firing rate is fast, the heat affected zone is little, workpiece deformation is little, therefore be expected to replace the induction full length quenching, become the rail surface intensified technique of a new generation.We show the achievement in research in early stage, because high firing rate, high cooling velocity, the case depth finite sum hardened layer of laser surface hardening technology present characteristics such as compressive stress state, even martensitic structure appears in the rail surface, can not cause the obdurability of rail significantly to descend yet.Particularly because the hardness of martensitic structure is significantly higher than fine pearlite, the rail case hardness can not be higher than the upper limit of Hv390 in the time of therefore can breaking through the induction full length quenching, makes the surface abrasion resistance of rail reach a new high.In addition, characteristics such as the laser surface hardening technology has the case depth conveniently regulating and controlling, does not need hardening media, do not need tempering, workpiece deformation is little, therefore except can in production department, realizing fixed point processing, also be expected to develop equipment special, finish the press quenching of track.
Obviously, consider the present situation that trunk railway is busy, online laser process equipment should have high maneuverability, can be under the prerequisite that does not as far as possible influence the normal operation of train, and realization raceway surface Strengthening and Toughening and reparation processing are handled.
(notification number is CN2622241 to China's utility model patent document " a kind of laser maintenance vehicle for rail ", open day is on 06 30th, 2004) in the report, proposed a kind of laser maintenance vehicle for rail, it can realize the online strengthening and the reparation of rail under the prerequisite of not dismantling rail.The laser maintenance vehicle for rail that the document proposes comprises traction and control car and track operation car two parts.The traction control car is to change a social system on the basis of railroad track car, and the main distinction is to be provided with the laser work supervisory control desk in the driver position of railroad track car; The track operation car is to change a social system to finish on the basis of passenger train, and it is provided with one or two high-power CO
2Laser instrument.When a laser instrument was set, laser instrument was positioned at central authorities of working vehicle, and with a spectroscope laser beam being divided equally is two bundle horizontal light beams, and passed through the two sides perpendicular mirrors respectively with laser beam direction rail face.When two laser instruments are set, two laser instruments are relative, and with vehicle geometric center symmetry or skew symmetry, with the two sides horizon glass laser beam is spread out of perpendicular to the laser optical axis nearby respectively in the laser optical path design, use the two sides perpendicular mirrors with laser beam direction rail face more respectively.The setting of laser optical path and digital control system can accurately be transferred to laser beam on the rail processing stand, specifically is made up of light path tilting mirror, support, slide rail, mobile device, optical path protecting device, cable, numerical control software, shaven head.In order to guarantee finishing smoothly of track laser processing operation, track laser repairing car also has vehicle damping system, laser instrument shock mitigation system, rail face purging system, rail face light absorbent paint finishing, coating drying system, laser instrument air supply system, laser instrument powder-supply system, laser instrument cooling system, laser instrument air feed system, laser car car body, supervision and illuminator, compartment sealing dust pelletizing system etc. except Optical Maser System, laser optical path and mobile digital control system.According to foregoing description, as can be seen, the laser repairing special-purpose vehicle that the document proposed has following several deficiency:
The first, the delivery vehicle of equipment such as laser instrument, refrigeration machine, processing unit (plant) forms with the railcar and the compartment transformation of the way, and weight is big, and volume is big, is merely able to along railway line move, and has taken track.Therefore, when this equipment is handled in rail surface laser Strengthening and Toughening, be difficult to effectively dodge vehicular traffic, can not satisfy the processing requirements of under the normal operation condition of trunk railway, realizing rail surface laser Strengthening and Toughening.
The second, this equipment adopts high power CO
2No matter laser instrument is crossing current CO as light source
2Laser instrument still is fast axial flow laser instrument, and its photoelectric transformation efficiency is relatively low, and is bulky, and weight is big, and it is also big to consume energy.Add CO
2Laser instrument is to the stability requirement height of optical cavity, so tractor and reparation car must have good shock resistance, must add vibration abatement, and this has also further increased the weight of equipment.
The 3rd, CO
2The wavelength of laser instrument is 10.6 microns, and metallic matrix is very low to its absorptivity, must spray extinction coating and could obtain effect preferably.Not only increased the operation of Laser Processing, needed paint spay-coating, oven dry and cleaning equipment make that also the weight and volume of whole laser maintaining equipment is huger.
The 4th, the CO that is adopted
2Laser instrument light-conducting system complexity can only adopt flight light path and by mechanical fasteners, the vibrations meeting that produces in the laser repairing car running impacts the accuracy of light path inevitably, reduces the long-time stability of laser processing procedure;
The 5th, whole laser process equipment need adopt the high-horsepower diesel engine traction, and power consumption is big, and volume is big, and the cost of equipment is also quite expensive.Even adopt electrified circuit power line along the line, also exist all drawbacks such as line, broken string operational sequence complexity, poor for applicability.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of online laser process equipment that the rail surface toughening is handled that is used for, this equipment is controlled conveniently, the loading and unloading transportation is easy, can be under the prerequisite that does not influence the normal operation of train, and the laser surface intensified and repair process of canbe used on line track different parts.
The online laser process equipment that is used for the railway steel rail surface toughening processing that the utility model provides, it is characterized in that: it comprises Laser Processing car and dynamical system container;
The Laser Processing car comprises the movement executing mechanism that is installed on the travelling car; When movement executing mechanism was Digit Control Machine Tool and robot, laser Machining head was movably arranged on the movement executing mechanism, and when movement executing mechanism was servomotor, laser Machining head was movably arranged on the travelling car;
The dynamical system container comprises refrigeration machine, air compressor machine, cooling driers and the laser instrument high voltage source that is installed in the container body; When laser instrument was optical fiber laser, diode pumping solid laser or lamp light-pumped solid state laser, laser instrument was installed in the described container body; When laser instrument was semiconductor laser, laser instrument was installed on the travelling car or in the described container body; The light-emitting window of laser instrument is connected with the light inlet light path of laser Machining head by light-conducting system; The laser instrument high voltage source is electrically connected with laser instrument, produces the needed high direct voltage electric energy of laser for it provides; Refrigeration machine provides cooling for the optical mirror slip on laser instrument and light-conducting system and the laser Machining head; An air outlet of air compressor machine is connected with the air intake vent of cooling driers by pipeline, and an air outlet of cooling driers links to each other with laser Machining head by pipeline; Control system is installed on the travelling car or in the container body; Control system is electrically connected with refrigeration machine, air compressor machine, cooling driers, laser instrument high voltage source, laser instrument and movement executing mechanism respectively; The open and close of control system control refrigeration machine, air compressor machine, cooling driers, laser instrument high voltage source and laser instrument, control system controlled motion executing agency and Laser Processing car are according to the orbiting motion of setting.
The online laser process equipment that utilization the utility model proposes, can not dismantle rail, not influence under the normal operation prerequisite of train, finish various rail, the laser phase-change quenching, consolidation quenching, alloying and the cladding that comprise the right path, bend, check rail, track switch etc. are handled, and the rail abrasion resistance after the processing is increased substantially.Particularly after the laser hardening layer abrasion on rail surface finish, can also under the prerequisite of not dismantling railroad track, carry out the secondary of rail, three times and repeatedly surface toughening processing, make prolong significantly cycle life-cycle of rail, track is changed number of times and is reduced significantly, overcome many drawbacks that present railroad track exists in using, satisfy the abrasion resistance requirement of railway high speed, heavy haul train rail.Particularly, the utlity model has following characteristics or function:
(1) the utility model is divided into Laser Processing car and dynamical system container two parts with laser process equipment.Wherein, the Laser Processing car body is long-pending little, in light weight, and maneuverability is easy to loading and unloading, can dodge train effectively, realizes various online Strengthening and Toughening processing on the rail surface.The equipment that high voltage source equal-volume, the weight of generator, refrigeration machine, air compressor machine, cooling driers and laser instrument is relatively large integrates the composition dynamical system.Dynamical system is installed in the container body, just constitutes the dynamical system container, this container can be loaded on truck or the railway locomotive according to the situation of track, or is placed on processing site.During the open-air railroad track of laser on-line machining, the dynamical system container loading is formed the power engineering car on truck.This car can only need the Laser Processing car to work in orbit away from railroad track (ultimate range can reach 100 meters).When train passes through, only need move away from track to dodge train by volume is little, lightweight Laser Processing car, thereby can overcome the drawback that the weight of laser maintenance vehicle is big in the documents, volume big, operation is inconvenient, can't avoid passing train under railway normal transport condition, utilize the time slot of train passage just can carry out the processing of laser surface Strengthening and Toughening.When on-line machining subway or light rail track.The dynamical system container is placed on the railway locomotive, utilizes the time of subway or light rail stoppage in transit in evening that track is carried out the surface toughening processing.The off-line of rail adds man-hour in wanting finishing department, and the dynamical system container just directly is placed in processing site.
(2) the Laser Processing car body in the utility model is long-pending little, light, the lightest dolly is no more than 100 kilograms, the heaviest also only about 1000 kilograms, can realize in orbit installation, dismounting and carrying whenever and wherever possible with manpower or small-sized fork truck, mobility strong can in time be dodged before train arrives, and after train leaves, enter machining state fast, thereby finish the rail processing of appointed area on the circuit.After processing track one side, directly will process the car commutation, just can process the track another side.Can also realize that fixed point is repaired or reinforcement at the steel rail weld joint disease.And the Laser Processing car in the documents is a railway carriage, and length is greater than ten meters, and tens of tons weigh; Power car is a locomotive head, and weight also reaches tens of tons.When they are used to handle rail, must interrupt the normal operation of train, can't effectively dodge vehicle.
(3) but the utility model adopts the solid state laser of Optical Fiber Transmission, save complicated flight light path, reduced the optic path loss of laser energy.Laser instrument both can be installed in (when adopting high-power semiconductor laser) on the Laser Processing car, can be installed in the dynamical system container (when adopting optical fiber laser and other solid state laser) again, thereby can guarantee the high maneuverability of Laser Processing car.
(4) wavelength of institute's employing laser instrument is short, and therefore rail does not need sprayed coating and follow-up operations such as cleaning dope in advance to its absorptivity height, has simplified technology, has reduced volume, weight, energy consumption and the cost of equipment.
(5) part of the movement executing mechanism in the utility model can adopt multiple structure to realize, can be Digit Control Machine Tool, robot or servomotor etc.No matter which kind of structure can guarantee the machining accuracy that the laser surface Strengthening and Toughening in rail tread, inboard and the outside is handled.
(6) laser Machining head on the Laser Processing car can be rotated, and can realize laser phase-change quenching, consolidation quenching, the Alloying Treatment of track different parts.By with the powder feeder combination, can realize the laser melting coating reparation processing of rail.
(7) need under the prerequisite that does not influence the railway normal transport, realize laser surface intensified processing fast when rail, process-cycle is short, when task is anxious, can adopt many Laser Processing cars, concentrate on the construction of same location simultaneously, to accelerate speed of application, make laser processing procedure be reduced to minimum degree to the influence of railway transportation.
(8) the utility model except can to rail carry out online laser surface intensified, can in production department, realize the off-line production of railroad track equally.The utility model is applicable to various railway rails, comprises that the surface toughening of high speed, heavy haul train track and city underground, light rail track is handled and repaired, and uses very extensive.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of specific implementation of the online laser process equipment of the utility model;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of travelling car of the present utility model;
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the lateral view of Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is an A-A section among Fig. 2, and driving wheel and rail are in conjunction with sectional view;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of transmission focusing formula laser Machining head;
Fig. 7 is the principle schematic of optical fiber coupling light-conducting system;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of first kind of specific implementation of Laser Processing car;
Fig. 9 is Fig. 8 vertical view;
Figure 10 is the lateral view of Fig. 8;
Figure 11 is the structural representation of second kind of specific implementation of Laser Processing car;
Figure 12 is the structural representation of the third specific implementation of Laser Processing car;
Figure 13 is the lateral view of Figure 12;
Figure 14 is the structural representation of the 4th kind of specific implementation of Laser Processing car;
Figure 15 is a kind of structural representation of power engineering car;
Figure 16 is the structural representation of the 5th kind of specific implementation of Laser Processing car;
Figure 17 is the structural representation of the 6th kind of specific implementation of Laser Processing car;
Figure 18 is the structural representation of the 7th kind of specific implementation of Laser Processing car;
Figure 19 is a kind of structural representation of reflective focused type laser Machining head;
Figure 20 is the structural representation of the 8th kind of specific implementation of Laser Processing car;
Figure 21 is the lateral view of Figure 20;
Figure 22 is the vertical view of Figure 20;
Figure 23 is the structural representation of the 9th kind of specific implementation of Laser Processing car;
Figure 24 is the structural representation of the tenth kind of specific implementation of Laser Processing car;
Figure 25 is the structural representation of the 11 kind of specific implementation of Laser Processing car;
Figure 26 is the structural representation of the 12 kind of specific implementation of Laser Processing car;
Figure 27 is the structural representation of the 13 kind of specific implementation of Laser Processing car.
The specific embodiment
The laser process equipment that the utility model relates to is made up of Laser Processing car and dynamical system container two parts.The Laser Processing car body is long-pending little, in light weight, and multiple mode specific implementation is arranged, can be under the prerequisite of not dismantling rail, and the online various Strengthening and Toughening Processing tasks in rail surface of finishing.And the relatively large equipment of high voltage source equal-volume, weight of generator, refrigeration machine, air compressor machine, cooling driers and laser instrument integrates the composition dynamical system.For high maneuverability that guarantees the Laser Processing car and the processing needs that satisfy the varying environment rail, dynamical system is installed in the container body, constitute the dynamical system container.This container is installed on the truck, has just constituted the power engineering car, can satisfy the online Laser Processing requirement of open-air railway track; Also this container can be installed on the railway locomotive, satisfy the online Laser Processing needs of light rail and rail of subway; The off-line of rail adds man-hour in wanting finishing department, and the dynamical system container just directly is placed in the workshop processing site.
The employed laser instrument of the utility model can be high-power semiconductor laser, optical fiber laser, diode pumping solid laser or lamp light-pumped solid state laser.Above-mentioned laser instrument can adopt continuously or the pulse way of output.When laser instrument adopts high-power semiconductor laser, laser instrument preferably is installed on the Laser Processing car, this is because the volume of semiconductor laser is little, in light weight, be directly installed on the Laser Processing car, can obviously not increase the weight of processing car, and can reduce laser instrument to the distance between the laser Machining head, reduce the length of optical fiber or the complexity of light-conducting system, reduce the energy loss of laser beam in transmission course, improve the P/C ratio of equipment.When using other solid state laser,, be installed in the volume and weight that will significantly increase dolly on the Laser Processing car because the volume and weight of laser instrument is relatively large.Therefore, this class laser instrument should be installed in the dynamical system container, to guarantee the high maneuverability of Laser Processing car.
The utility model equipment can be used to realize the laser surface Strengthening and Toughening processing of track different parts, comprises laser phase-change quenching, consolidation quenching, laser melting coating and Alloying Treatment etc.
Be processed as example to adopt high-power semiconductor laser to carry out open-air laser melting coating reparation below, the structure of the utility model equipment is described in conjunction with each figure.As shown in Figure 1, whole online laser process equipment comprises Laser Processing car 1 and dynamical system container 2 two parts.
Laser Processing car 1 comprises travelling car 3, laser Machining head 4 and movement executing mechanism 5 thereof, light-conducting system 6, laser instrument 7, powder feeder 8 and control system 9.Movement executing mechanism 5 can be Digit Control Machine Tool, robot or servomotor.When the utility model equipment is used for laser phase-change quenching or consolidation quenching, on the Laser Processing car 1 powder feeder 8 can be set.For alleviating the weight of Laser Processing car 1, also laser instrument 7 and control system 9 can be installed in the dynamical system container.
Dynamical system container 2 comprises generator 10, refrigeration machine 11, air compressor machine 12, cooling driers 13 and the laser instrument high voltage source 14 that is installed in the container body, also may comprise laser instrument 7 and control system 9.When dynamical system container 2 is installed on the truck, be referred to as the power engineering car.For slowing down in transportation, equipment such as generator, air compressor machine, cooling driers, refrigeration machine, laser power supply are because the uneven generation vibration of road, take place and the compartment between collision, cause the degree of equipment damage, above-mentioned each device can be installed in the container body by damper.
Laser instrument high voltage source 14 is provided for laser instrument 7 and produces the needed dc high-voltage of laser.
When not working, Laser Processing dolly 1 was thrown off with being connected all of dynamical system container 2, laid separately.During work, Laser Processing dolly 1 is transported to the working site with power system container 2, and each critical piece is connected by optical fiber, power line, control line, gas pipeline and water pipe, launches the work of treatment of laser surface Strengthening and Toughening then.
Illustrate several specific implementations of each parts below.
Travelling car 3 is 2～4 wheels to be installed constitute on the frame construction that is made of aluminium alloys or steelframe (vehicle body) 15, vehicle body 15 adopts aluminium alloy extrusions or shaped steel manufacturings, and its thickness and size require to determine according to the weight of the device of required installation on the dolly such as powder feeder, laser instrument, movement executing mechanism etc.According to the arrangement and the minimized principle of dolly quality of equipment on the dolly, the wheel on the dolly can be two, three or four.Dolly with tricycle structure is an example, as Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, shown in Figure 5, driving wheel 17, front-wheel 18 and cincture 19 has been installed on frame construction.On driving wheel 17, servomotor 21 and gear train 22 have been installed, can under the driving of control system, seesaw along rail.On the vehicle body 15 of travelling car 3, handle 20 also has been installed, be used for rail 57 is settled or moved away to Laser Processing car 1.
As shown in Figure 5, driving wheel 17 cooperates transmission by gear train 22, wheel bearing 23 and axletree 24.Track 57 be installed or be moved away to car load can by handle 20.Travelling car 3 cooperates by the front-wheel 18 on it, driving wheel 17, cincture 19 and track 57, and comes driving trolley to move forward and backward along the length direction of rail by driving wheel servomotor 21.
Travelling car 3 also can adopt two wheel constructions, and the bracing frame location is installed.By artificial moving travelling car is installed on the single rail of track,, can further reduces device fabrication cost and weight by the bracing frame location.Travelling car 3 adopts the four-wheel structures can increase the stability of Laser Processing car, but the weight of dolly further increases, and is unfavorable for manual handling Laser Processing car.
As shown in Figure 6, laser Machining head 4 comprises beam expanding lens 33, light conducting cylinder 34, transmission focusing mirror 35, laser head support 37, nozzle 39.The light inlet of beam expanding lens 33 links to each other with the light-emitting window of light-conducting system 6 (optical fiber or hard light path system), and the light-emitting window of laser beam expanding lens 33 inserts the top of light conducting cylinder 34, and institute's insertion depth can upper and lower adjustment in light conducting cylinder 34.Light conducting cylinder 34 is fixed on the laser head support 37 by locking nut 36, and transmission focusing mirror 35 is installed in light conducting cylinder 34 bottoms, and nozzle 39 is connected with the bottom thread of light conducting cylinder 34.A plurality of valves 40 (preferably being symmetrically distributed) also are installed on light conducting cylinder 34.Their effect has two: when adopting laser melting and coating process, the powder feeding conduit of they and powder feeder 8 links to each other, alloy powder by conduit along the coaxial ejection of nozzle; When adopting laser phase-change quenching or consolidation quenching technical, above-mentioned 4 valves link to each other with the gas outlet of cooling driers respectively, and cleaning, clean compressed air are sprayed from nozzle, prevent that eyeglass is by smoke contamination.
When laser Machining head 4 linked to each other with powder feeder 8, nozzle 39 adopted coaxial powder-feeding nozzle.
The another kind of form of laser Machining head can adopt industrial reflect focalization mode laser Machining head commonly used, by axis of rotation or other rotating mechanism it is installed on movement executing mechanism or the travelling car 3.Enumerate a kind of concrete form of structure below, but the employed reflector laser processing head of the utility model is not limited thereto.As shown in figure 19, the reflective focused type laser Machining head is made up of light conducting cylinder 34, aspheric surface focus lamp 62 and nozzle 39.Aspheric surface focus lamp 62 is installed in the light conducting cylinder 34, and nozzle 39 is connected with light conducting cylinder 34 from the side.The axle center of light conducting cylinder 34 is vertical with the axle center of nozzle 39.The center along continuous straight runs of the axle center of light conducting cylinder 34 and aspheric surface focus lamp 62 is consistent, and the center of the axle center of nozzle 39 and aspheric surface focus lamp 62 vertically is consistent.During work, laser beam is injected in the light conducting cylinder 34 through beam expanding lens, acts on the pending track after being focused on by aspheric surface focus lamp 62.Can realize control by the aspheric surface focus lamp 62 of selecting different focal to focused spot size.
Above-mentioned two kinds of laser Machining heads all can be used for the laser enhancement and toughening on rail surface to be handled.Wherein, transmission focusing formula Laser Processing header structure is comparatively simple, and weight is also light slightly, but focus lamp is a crystal, damages because pollute easily.Reflective focused type laser Machining head eyeglass is a bronze mirror all, and durability is strong, relatively is fit to long-time field work state.
Laser Processing car 1 adoptable light-conducting system 6 has two classes: a kind of is optical fiber, the hard light path system that another kind is made up of the polylith speculum.
As shown in Figure 7, when adopting optical fiber as light-conducting system, the laser beam 55 that laser instrument 7 sends is coupled into optical fiber 47 through optical fiber coupling head 46, be transferred to the laser beam expanding lens 33 on the laser Machining head 4, shine on the pending track after focusing on by focus lamp again, realize the processing of laser surface Strengthening and Toughening.Optical fiber 47 is to constitute (n2〉n1) by the little waveguide core layer material of intrinsic loss (its refractive index is n2) and clad material (its refractive index is n1).The loss of the infrared laser of 1064nm in optical fiber is extremely low, even fiber lengths reaches 100 meters, maximum loss still can remain on below 5%.Therefore, even in case of necessity laser instrument is installed in the dynamical system container 2 apart from 100 meters far away of rail, still the high-power laser beam high efficiency of transmission that laser instrument 7 can be exported is to the Laser Processing car 1 that is positioned on the track.When adopting optical fiber laser, diode pumped solid state laser, lamp light-pumped solid state laser, all use optical fiber as light-conducting system 6, and, generally it is installed in the dynamical system container 2 because volume, the weight of such laser instrument are relatively large as light source.When adopting high-power semiconductor laser as lasing light emitter, because its volume is little, in light weight, and beam quality is relatively poor relatively, therefore can be directly installed on the Laser Processing car 1, so that shorten light path.At this moment, both can adopt Optical Fiber Transmission, also can adopt hard light path system transmission.
When adopting hard optic path, dual mode is arranged: a kind of is the top that laser instrument 7 is directly installed on laser Machining head 4, and semiconductor laser 7 is linked to each other with laser Machining head 4 by the light-conducting system of compositions such as beam expanding lens, is used for Laser Processing after the focusing.Another kind of mode adopts 45 ° of arrangements of mirrors that laser instrument emitted laser bundle is conducted to be used for Laser Processing after focusing on the laser Machining head 4.
When laser instrument 7 is positioned on the travelling car 3, the structure of Laser Processing car 1 such as Fig. 8, Fig. 9, shown in Figure 10.Movement executing mechanism 5 adopts three-dimension numerical controlled lathe, and three-dimension numerical controlled lathe comprises X-axis servomotor 25, Y-axis servomotor 26, Z axle servomotor 27, X-axis workbench 28, Y-axis workbench 29 and Z axle workbench 30.Laser beam directly is irradiated to track 57 surfaces after transferring to laser Machining head 4 focusing by optical fiber 6 from laser instrument 7.
When laser instrument 7 was arranged in dynamical system container 2, the structure of Laser Processing car 1 as shown in figure 11.This moment, laser beam was by the laser Machining head 4 of Optical Fiber Transmission to the Laser Processing car 1, shone the rail surface after focusing on.
As shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13, a rotatable chassis 31 is installed below the X-axis workbench 28 of Digit Control Machine Tool, X-axis workbench 28 is fixed on the rotatable chassis 31.180 degree can be rotated around rotary middle spindle 32 in rotatable chassis 31.When Laser Processing car 1 is handled left side rail 57, lock rotatable chassis 31 with screw, to prevent movement executing mechanism 5 shakes or to slide.After the processing of having finished left side rail 57, only need this screw is unclamped, manually promote it and rotate 180 degree around rotary middle spindle 32, then with the screw locking, just can carry out Laser Processing and handle another side rail 57.And the remainder on the Laser Processing car 1 does not need to move.This structure is with the advantage that structure shown in Figure 8 is compared: when needs change the track of Laser Processing, do not need whole Laser Processing car 1 lifted commutation, and the Digit Control Machine Tool that only need rotate wherein partly gets final product, laborsaving saving trouble used convenient.At this moment, travelling car 3 adopts the four-wheel system, so that increase the stationarity of equipment.
As shown in figure 14, when laser instrument 7 adopts high-power semiconductor laser as light source, can directly link to each other by beam expanding lens, thereby can reduce the laser beam loss with laser Machining head 4.
Compare when being mobile executing agency with Digit Control Machine Tool, robot 61 is actually a kind of 6 digital control system, it replaces Digit Control Machine Tool as executing agency, maximum advantage is: it can be after weaving laser beam machining program, and the disposable Strengthening and Toughening of finishing rail tread (front) and inboard is handled.Simultaneously, the scope of activities of robot is bigger, can after handle, the Strengthening and Toughening of finishing one side track 57 treads and inboard directly finish the laser enhancement and toughening of another side rail 57 treads and inboard according to the software of being worked out and handle, and not need to make dolly change direction.The weak point of this structure has 2 points: the one, and the weight of robot 61 is generally big than Digit Control Machine Tool, the vehicle body rigid structures of Laser Processing car 1 must just can meet the demands in corresponding reinforcement, the weight of adding robot 61 itself is also bigger, so the complete vehicle weight of Laser Processing car 1 can increase more.When needs carrying Laser Processing car 1, can have difficulties by manpower merely, but can finish by fork truck; The 2nd, the cost of robot 61 will increase the device fabrication cost generally than three axis numerically controlled machine height.When adopting high-power semiconductor laser as lasing light emitter, laser instrument 7 can be installed on the Laser Processing car 1, as shown in figure 16.Also laser instrument 7 can be directly installed on the actuating station of robot 61, as shown in figure 17.At this moment, laser instrument 7 directly links to each other with laser Machining head 4, has saved Optical Fiber Transmission or hard light path light-conducting system, and structure is simpler, has reduced equipment manufacturing cost.Its weak point is: laser instrument 7 directly is loaded on the execution joint of robot 61, requires the weight capacity of robot 61 bigger, causes relevant cost to increase.
When adopting optical fiber laser or diode pumping solid laser as light source, laser instrument will be installed in the dynamical system container 2.At this moment, laser instrument 7 outputs of laser beam from being arranged in dynamical system container 2 are transferred on the laser Machining head 4 that is directly installed on robot 61 actuating stations by optical fiber 6, act on rail 57 surfaces after the focusing, as shown in figure 18.This structure can alleviate the weight of Laser Processing car 1, but Optical Fiber Transmission has increased the cost of equipment.Identical with device layout in this Laser Processing car 1 pairing dynamical system container 2 with Figure 15, therefore repeat no more.
For alleviating the weight of Laser Processing car 1, movement executing mechanism 5 can adopt servomotor 68, directly the driving laser processing head is done the swinging type scanning action, also can adopt the laser galvanometer system of diaxon or multiaxis to cooperate focus lamp as laser Machining head, directly realizes the scanning of laser oscillating formula.Doing swinging type scanning with servomotor drive transmission focusing formula laser Machining head 4 is example, and corresponding Laser Processing car 1 is shown in Figure 20,21 and 22, and Laser Processing car 1 comprises travelling car 3, laser Machining head 4, powder feeder 8, beam expanding lens 33 and bearing 67.
Wherein, travelling car 3 comprise vehicle body 15, driving wheel 17, front-wheel 18, cincture 19, handle 20, axis of rotation 38, arc-shaped rail 64 and 64 ', auxiliary stand 65 and support bar 66.Driving wheel 17 links to each other by handle 20 with front-wheel 18, and an end of support bar 66 is fixed on the handle 20, and the other end is connected with cincture 19.Be connected with auxiliary stand 65 on the support bar 66.Support bar 66 can be designed to the structure of adjustable in length, to satisfy the variation of distance between two rail.Laser Machining head 4 overall fixed are on vehicle body 15, one end of laser Machining head 4 links to each other with servomotor 68 by axis of rotation 38 integral body, and can under the driving of servomotor 68, do the swinging type scanning motion, the pendulum angle scope of laser Machining head 4 is 30 °～150 °, and hunting frequency is by the velocity of rotation control of servomotor 68.Bearing 67 is fixed on the vehicle body 15, and beam expanding lens 33 is fixed in bearing 67 endoporus and from right-hand member and stretches in the light conducting cylinder 34, but does not contact with light conducting cylinder 34.The axle center of beam expanding lens 33, light conducting cylinder 34 and axis of rotation 38 and the center along continuous straight runs of 45 ° of speculums 43 are consistent.The center of the axle center of transmission focusing mirror 35 and nozzle 39 and 45 ° of speculums 43 vertically is consistent.Transmission focusing mirror 35 position vertically is up-down adjustment manually, thereby realizes the control to focused spot size.
Two identical arc-shaped rails 64 and 64 ' be separately fixed at handle 20 two ends, the two ends of vehicle body 15 embed respectively arc-shaped rail 64 and 64 ' in, and can drive whole laser Machining head 4, servomotor 68, axis of rotation 38, beam expanding lens 33 and bearing 67 along arc-shaped rail 64 and 64 ' rotation, the angular range that rotates is 0 °～90 °, can realize that the laser surface Strengthening and Toughening of different parts such as rail tread and inboard is handled.According to the real work needs, vehicle body 15 can commutate 180 ° of embeddings be installed in arc-shaped rail 64 and 64 ' in, and the position of remaining part does not need to change on the Laser Processing car 1, just can realize the laser surface Strengthening and Toughening processing of different parts such as the rail outside.This moment, the rotation angle range of vehicle body 15 was 90 °～180 °.When if Laser Processing car 1 is provided with powder feeder 8, powder feeder 8 is fixed on the support bar 66.During work, driving wheel 17 and front-wheel 18 are positioned on same the railway track 57 of online treatment, and cincture 19 be positioned at another parallel railway track 57 ' on.After processing an one steel rail, directly the 1 whole commutation of Laser Processing car is installed by handle 20, just can process another parallel one steel rail.This structure is with the advantage that structure shown in Figure 9 is compared: overall structure is simpler, only need a swing just can realize the motor function of diaxon, reduced the number of servomotor, conveyers such as leading screw have been omitted, weight is lighter, and 1～2 people just can realize installation, dismounting and the carrying in orbit of Laser Processing car.In conjunction with rotatable vehicle body, can satisfy the process requirements of rail different parts easily.
Go up corresponding transmission focusing formula laser Machining head or reflective focused type laser Machining head when Laser Processing car shown in Figure 20 1 is cooperated, Laser Processing car 1 just can be realized the laser enhancement and toughening processing to rail surface diverse location (tread, inboard and the outside) with the form of galvanometer oscillatory scanning.Enumerate several specific implementations of this kind Laser Processing car below, but the utility model is not limited thereto about the use of this kind Laser Processing car.
With reference to Figure 20,21, be example with transmission focusing formula laser Machining head.With laser Machining head 4 arc-shaped rail 64 and 64 ' on rotate to the horizontal direction angle and be 90 ° position and fix with screw.The laser beam of laser instrument 7 outputs is injected in the laser Machining head 4 behind beam expanding lens 33 by optical fiber or hard light path system 6, after laser beam changes 90 ° through 45 ° of speculums 43, after 35 focusing of transmission focusing mirror, penetrate and act on the tread of rail 57 from nozzle 39.The transmission focusing mirror 35 in the adjustment laser Machining head 4 and the relative position of track tread are selected suitable focused spot size.Under the laser beam effect, laser Machining head 4 is done left-right swing type scanning, cooperates seesawing of travelling car 3 just can finish the Laser Processing of whole one steel rail tread.Actual needs according to location of rail, by changing hunting frequency, the speed that seesaws of travelling car 3 and the way of output of laser beam of laser Machining head 4, just can be at the point-like of the rail surface required width of acquisition and the degree of depth, linearity (horizontal line or oblique line), curve-like, netted and plane surface toughening layer.
When the said equipment is used for laser phase-change quenching or consolidation quenching, on the Laser Processing car 1 powder feeder 8 can be set.
As shown in figure 23, when laser instrument 7 adopts high-power semiconductor laser as light source, can be directly installed on the vehicle body 15 of Laser Processing car 1, link to each other with laser Machining head 4, can reduce the laser beam loss like this by beam expanding lens.
With reference to Figure 24, be example with transmission focusing formula laser Machining head.With laser Machining head 4 arc-shaped rail 64 and 64 ' on rotate to the horizontal direction angle and be 45 ° position and fix with screw.The laser beam of laser instrument 7 outputs is injected in the laser Machining head 4 behind beam expanding lens 33 by optical fiber or hard light path 6, after laser beam changes 90 ° through 45 ° of speculums 43, after 35 focusing of transmission focusing mirror, penetrate and act on the medial surface of rail 57 from nozzle 39.The transmission focusing mirror 35 in the adjustment laser Machining head 4 and the relative position of track medial surface are selected suitable focused spot size.Under certain laser power, laser Machining head 4 is done vertically shaking scanning with certain frequency, cooperates travelling car 3 to seesaw with certain speed and just can finish the Laser Processing of whole one steel rail medial surface.Actual needs according to location of rail, by changing hunting frequency, the speed that seesaws of travelling car 3 and the way of output of laser beam of laser Machining head 4, can obtain the point-like, linearity (horizontal line or oblique line), curve-like of the required width and the degree of depth, netted and plane surface toughening layer on the rail surface.
Laser Processing car 1 can be equipped with 2～3 laser Machining heads and simultaneously rail be carried out the surface toughening processing.To be equipped with 2 transmission focusing formula laser Machining heads simultaneously is example, with reference to Figure 25.Be equipped with two identical laser Machining heads 4 and 4 ' tread and the inboard of rail processed simultaneously on the Laser Processing car 1 simultaneously.With laser Machining head 4 arc-shaped rail 64 and 64 ' on rotate to the horizontal direction angle and be 90 ° position and fix with screw, with laser Machining head 4 ' arc-shaped rail 64 and 64 ' on rotate to the horizontal direction angle and be 30 ° position and fix with screw.Two bundle laser can or adopt two laser instruments to transmit respectively and realize by 1 laser instrument beam split transmission.Two bundle laser import respectively by optical fiber 6, inject corresponding laser Machining head after expanding bundle respectively.For the laser Machining head 4 of 90 ° of positions, laser beam after 35 focusing of transmission focusing mirror, penetrates and acts on the tread of rail 57 from nozzle 39 after changing 90 ° through 45 ° of speculums 43.The transmission focusing mirror 35 in the adjustment laser Machining head 4 and the relative position of track tread can be selected suitable focused spot size.For the laser Machining head 4 that is in 30 ° of positions ', laser beam changes 90 ° through 45 ° of speculums 43, again through transmission focusing mirror 35 ' after focusing on, from nozzle 39 ' penetrate and the act on medial surface of rail 57.Adjust laser Machining head 4 ' in transmission focusing mirror 35 ' with the relative position of track medial surface, select suitable focused spot size.After the adjustment of the position of two focus lamps finishes, under certain laser power, laser Machining head 4 is done left-right swing type scanning with certain frequency, while laser Machining head 4 ' do vertically shaking scanning with certain frequency cooperates travelling car 3 just can finish the Laser Processing of whole one steel rail tread and medial surface simultaneously with certain speed motion.Actual needs according to location of rail, by change laser Machining head 4 and 4 ' hunting frequency and the speed that seesaws of travelling car 3, in conjunction with the change of the laser beam way of output, just can obtain the point-like, linearity (horizontal line or oblique line), curve-like of the required width and the degree of depth, netted and plane surface toughening layer on rail surface.
With reference to Figure 26, be the lateral surface that example is handled check rail with transmission focusing formula laser Machining head.The driving wheel 17 of travelling car 3 and front-wheel 18 are positioned on same the pending check rail 69, and cincture 19 be positioned at another railway track 57 ' on.180 ° of embeddings of vehicle body 15 commutation be installed in arc-shaped rail 64 and 64 ' in, with laser Machining head 4 arc-shaped rail 64 and 64 ' on rotate to the horizontal direction angle and be 150 ° position and fix with screw, the laser beam of laser instrument 7 outputs is injected in the laser Machining head 4 through beam expanding lens 33 by optical fiber or hard light path 6, after laser beam changes 90 ° through 45 ° of speculums 43, after 35 focusing of transmission focusing mirror, penetrate and act on the lateral surface of check rail 69 from nozzle 39.The transmission focusing mirror 35 in the adjustment laser Machining head 4 and the relative position of check rail lateral surface are selected suitable focused spot size.Under certain laser power, laser Machining head 4 is done vertically shaking scanning with certain frequency, cooperates travelling car 3 with the certain speed motion and the way of output of laser beam, just can finish the Laser Processing of whole check rail lateral surface.According to the actual needs that protects the wheel location of rail, by changing hunting frequency, the speed that seesaws of travelling car 3 and the way of output of laser beam of laser Machining head 4, can obtain the point-like, linearity (horizontal line or oblique line), curve-like of the required width and the degree of depth, netted and plane surface toughening layer on the rail surface.
With reference to Figure 27, be example with the reflective focused type laser Machining head.According to the diverse location (tread, inboard or the outside) of rail Laser Surface Treatment, with laser Machining head 4 positioning of rotating arc-shaped rail 64 and 64 ' diverse location.The laser beam of laser instrument 7 outputs is injected in the laser Machining head 4 through beam expanding lens 33 by optical fiber or hard light path 6, and laser beam penetrates and act on the surface of rail 57 through after 62 focusing of 45 ° of aspheric surface focus lamps and changing 90 ° from nozzle 39.Select the aspheric surface focus lamp 62 of different focal for use according to the actual conditions (tread, inboard or the outside) of rail Laser Surface Treatment, obtain suitable focused spot size.Under certain laser power, about laser Machining head 4 is done with certain frequency or swing up and down scanning, cooperate travelling car 3 just can finish the Laser Processing of putting in order the one steel rail different parts with certain speed motion.Actual needs according to location of rail, by changing hunting frequency, the speed that seesaws of travelling car 3 and the way of output of laser beam of laser Machining head 4, can obtain the point-like, linearity (horizontal line or oblique line), curve-like of the required width and the degree of depth, netted and plane surface toughening layer on the rail surface.
Be example explanation operation of entire equipment process to adopt high-power semiconductor laser to carry out the field laser surface intensified below.
Adopt high-power semiconductor laser to carry out that open-air railway track is laser surface intensified to add man-hour, dynamical system container 2 is installed on the truck 16, constitute the power engineering car, it arranges schematic diagram (off position) as shown in figure 15.During work, Laser Processing car 1 is moved on the track 57 from truck 16.When needs were finished rail laser surface Strengthening and Toughening processing tasks, concrete implementing process flow process was as follows:
(1) the power engineering car loads Laser Processing car 1 and is driven to and need carries out the laser surface Strengthening and Toughening or repair the snipe that processing is handled, and looks for and place opposed flattened near from line of reasoning section of living in to stop.Power engineering car parking spot is no more than 100 meters apart from the air line distance of rail 57.With artificial or fork truck Laser Processing car 1 is carried to required rail to be processed highway section,, and makes Laser Processing car 1 move to the appointment Working position the two sidecar wheels alignment track of Laser Processing car 1.Adopt electric wire, tracheae, water pipe etc. that the device on the power engineering car accurately is connected according to connected mode shown in Figure 1 respectively with device on the Laser Processing car 1.
(2) starter-generator 10, powder feeder 8, refrigeration machine 11, air compressor machine 12, cooling driers 13, laser instrument high voltage source 14, opening control 9 starts laser instrument 7 and makes it be in holding state.Control system 9 is by the motion mode of controlled motion executing agency 5, adjusts the relative position of focusing lens and raceway surface on the laser Machining head 4, controls the size of focus point position and spot size.Laser Machining head 4 can adopt reflect focalization mode or transmission focusing mode.
(3) after the position adjustment on the laser Machining head 4 finishes, call in or work out motor program, the setting technological parameter of movement executing mechanism 5.Open control system 9, laser processing operation begins, and forms the laser enhancement and toughening layer of the required width and the degree of depth at raceway surface.
(4) after the laser enhancement and toughening of track tread is finished dealing with, with laser Machining head 4 rotating certain angle, repeating step (3) and (4) can form required laser enhancement and toughening layer at the track table then by the rotating mechanism on the laser Machining head 4.
(5) after the surfacing of one section rail was finished in Laser Processing, mobile Laser Processing car 1 repeated above-mentioned steps to another assigned address, finishes the laser reinforcing of another section raceway surface.
(6) adopt above-mentioned operation to finish the monolateral processing of rail after, after directly laser reinforcing being processed car and moved away from track and commutation and install, can begin processing to the another side track by handle 20.
, task tight when the duration weighs, and when needing the quickening progress, can adopt two or many Laser Processing cars, concentrates the highway section of requirement surface toughening is handled, so that the reduction of erection time is satisfied the railway transportation requirement.
When carrying out the online laser surface Strengthening and Toughening of subway or light rail rail when handling, dynamical system container 2 is placed on the railway platform truck, and the time of utilizing subway or light rail to stop transport evening is carried out surface Hardening Treatment to rail.When laser process equipment off-line Strengthening and Toughening in the workshop was handled the rail surface, Laser Processing car 1 was transported to the working site with power system container 2, and dynamical system container 2 can be placed on the processing site in the workshop.Layout, line with dynamical system container 2 interior equipment on the Laser Processing car 1 are identical with Fig. 1, and the technological process of whole laser process equipment is identical with the online laser enhancement and toughening processing of open-air railway track, does not repeat them here.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of online laser process equipment that is used for the processing of rail surface toughening, it is characterized in that: it comprises Laser Processing car (1) and dynamical system container (2);
Laser Processing car (1) comprises the movement executing mechanism (5) that is installed on the travelling car (3); When movement executing mechanism (5) was Digit Control Machine Tool and robot, laser Machining head (4) was movably arranged on the movement executing mechanism (5), and when movement executing mechanism (5) was servomotor, laser Machining head (4) was movably arranged on the travelling car (3);
Dynamical system container (2) comprises refrigeration machine (11), air compressor machine (12), cooling driers (13) and the laser instrument high voltage source (14) that is installed in the container body;
When laser instrument (7) was optical fiber laser, diode pumping solid laser or lamp light-pumped solid state laser, laser instrument (7) was installed in the described container body; When laser instrument (7) is semiconductor laser, laser instrument (7) be installed in that travelling car (3) is gone up or described container body in; The light-emitting window of laser instrument (7) is connected with the light inlet light path of laser Machining head (4) by light-conducting system (6); Laser instrument high voltage source (14) is electrically connected with laser instrument (7), produces the needed high direct voltage electric energy of laser for it provides;
Refrigeration machine (11) provides cooling for the optical mirror slip on laser instrument (7) and light-conducting system (6) and the laser Machining head (4);
An air outlet of air compressor machine (12) is connected by the air intake vent of pipeline with cooling driers (13), and an air outlet of cooling driers (13) links to each other with laser Machining head (4) by pipeline;
Control system (9) be installed in that travelling car (3) is gone up or container body in; Control system (9) is electrically connected with refrigeration machine (11), air compressor machine (12), cooling driers (13), laser instrument high voltage source (14), laser instrument (7) and movement executing mechanism (5) respectively; The open and close of control system (9) control refrigeration machine (11), air compressor machine (12), cooling driers (13), laser instrument high voltage source (14) and laser instrument (7), control system (9) controlled motion executing agency (5) and Laser Processing car (1) are according to the orbiting motion of setting.
2, online laser process equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: powder feeder (8) also is installed on the travelling car (3), and powder feeder (8) links to each other with control system (9), and links to each other by the nozzle of conduit with laser Machining head (4); Another air outlet of cooling driers (13) links to each other with powder feeder (8) by pipeline.
3, online laser process equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: dynamical system container (2) also is included as the generator (10) that other each parts in the equipment provide electric energy.
4, according to claim 1,2 or 3 described online laser process equipments, it is characterized in that: laser Machining head (4) is transmission focusing formula laser Machining head or reflective focused type laser Machining head, is installed on the movement executing mechanism (5) by axis of rotation (38).
5, according to claim 1,2 or 3 described online laser process equipments, it is characterized in that: light-conducting system (6) is an optical fiber.
6, according to claim 1,2 or 3 described online laser process equipments, it is characterized in that: movement executing mechanism (5) is a Digit Control Machine Tool, and the chassis (31) that can rotate is installed below the X-axis workbench of Digit Control Machine Tool.
7, according to claim 1,2 or 3 described online laser process equipments, it is characterized in that: laser Machining head (4) is made up of beam expanding lens (33), light conducting cylinder (34), transmission focusing mirror (35), laser head support (37) and nozzle (39);
Valve (40) is installed on the light conducting cylinder (34), light conducting cylinder (34) is fixed on the laser head support (37), the light-emitting window of beam expanding lens (33) inserts the top of light conducting cylinder (34), transmission focusing mirror (35) is installed in light conducting cylinder (34) bottom, and nozzle (39) is connected with the bottom thread of light conducting cylinder (34); Laser head support (37) is installed on the movement executing mechanism (5) by axis of rotation (38).
8, according to claim 1,2 or 3 described online laser process equipments, it is characterized in that: laser Machining head (4) is made up of light conducting cylinder (34), aspheric surface focus lamp (62) and nozzle (39), aspheric surface focus lamp (62) is installed in the light conducting cylinder (34), nozzle (39) is connected with light conducting cylinder (34) from the side, the axle center of light conducting cylinder (34) is vertical with the axle center of nozzle (39), the axle center of light conducting cylinder (34) is consistent with the center along continuous straight runs of aspheric surface focus lamp (62), and the axle center of nozzle (39) is vertically consistent with the center of aspheric surface focus lamp (62).
9, according to claim 1,2 or 3 described equipment, it is characterized in that: laser Machining head (4) is made of laser galvanometer system and focus lamp, and focus lamp is positioned on the bright dipping light path of laser galvanometer system.
10, according to claim 1,2 or 3 described equipment, it is characterized in that: travelling car (3) comprises vehicle body (15), driving wheel (17), front-wheel (18) and cincture (19); Driving wheel (17) links to each other by handle (20) with front-wheel (18), and the length of support bar (66) can be regulated, and the one end is fixed on the handle (20), and the other end is connected with cincture (19); Be connected with auxiliary stand (65) on the support bar (66); Two arc-shaped rails (64,64 ') are separately fixed at handle (20) two ends, and the two ends of vehicle body (15) can be installed in two arc-shaped rails (64,64 ') respectively with dismantling.
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| CNU2008201913854U CN201280675Y (en) | 2008-10-08 | 2008-10-08 | On-line laser machining apparatus for strengthening and toughening treatment of track surface |
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| CNU2008201913854U CN201280675Y (en) | 2008-10-08 | 2008-10-08 | On-line laser machining apparatus for strengthening and toughening treatment of track surface |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101798789A (en) * | 2010-02-10 | 2010-08-11 | 华中科技大学 | Mobile-type laser processing device for on-line processing surface of steel rail |
| CN101949116A (en) * | 2010-08-06 | 2011-01-19 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Method for repairing steel rail with laser |
| CN102953302A (en) * | 2011-08-18 | 2013-03-06 | 西南交通大学 | Combined laser strengthening method for ramp/curve rail and turnout assembly and straight road rail and turnout assembly |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101798789A (en) * | 2010-02-10 | 2010-08-11 | 华中科技大学 | Mobile-type laser processing device for on-line processing surface of steel rail |
| CN101949116A (en) * | 2010-08-06 | 2011-01-19 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Method for repairing steel rail with laser |
| CN102953302A (en) * | 2011-08-18 | 2013-03-06 | 西南交通大学 | Combined laser strengthening method for ramp/curve rail and turnout assembly and straight road rail and turnout assembly |
| CN102953302B (en) * | 2011-08-18 | 2016-02-03 | 西南交通大学 | The combination laser intensifying method of ramp/bend rail-track switch, straight road rail-track switch |
| CN104708280A (en) * | 2015-02-15 | 2015-06-17 | 西安誉丰通号科技有限公司 | Railway track atmosphere corrosion resistance alloying device and working method |
| CN104708280B (en) * | 2015-02-15 | 2017-03-29 | 西安誉丰通号科技有限公司 | A kind of railway track atmospheric corrosion resistance alloying device and method of work |
| CN110257821A (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2019-09-20 | 天津北基新激光科技有限公司 | The reproducing method and laser cladding equipment of hydraulic support column |
| CN110080049A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-08-02 | 华中科技大学 | The device and method that material repairs rail is increased and decreased in conjunction with laser melting coating-machining |
| CN110184422A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-08-30 | 宁波中物东方光电技术有限公司 | Melt and covers quenching laser head |
| CN110184422B (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2024-02-27 | 宁波中久东方光电技术有限公司 | Melt-coating quenching laser head |
| CN113668303A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-11-19 | 燕山大学 | Rolling forming device and rolling method for repairing profile of steel rail |
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