CN102953302B - The combination laser intensifying method of ramp/bend rail-track switch, straight road rail-track switch - Google Patents
The combination laser intensifying method of ramp/bend rail-track switch, straight road rail-track switch Download PDFInfo
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- CN102953302B CN102953302B CN201110238147.0A CN201110238147A CN102953302B CN 102953302 B CN102953302 B CN 102953302B CN 201110238147 A CN201110238147 A CN 201110238147A CN 102953302 B CN102953302 B CN 102953302B
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Abstract
A combination laser intensifying method for ramp/bend rail-track switch, straight road rail-track switch, its way is: carry out to ramp/bend rail-track switch the thickening strengthening waiting the strengthening degree of depth everywhere; The viscosity reduction strengthening waiting the strengthening degree of depth is carried out everywhere to straight road rail-track switch; And the strengthening degree of depth of thickening strengthening and viscosity reduction strengthening is also equal, and be more than or equal to wheel-rail rolling contact fatigue influence depth; The described strengthening degree of depth is the thickness that laser reinforcing makes material surface tissue and undergoes phase transition, and namely phase-change organization and matrix interface are to the distance on surface.The rail of the system-wide section after being strengthened by the method and the matching in application life of track switch good, the rail in whole section and the long service life of track switch, reliability is strong, and working service is more convenient; And the driving driving power of train can be improved, reduce the energy consumption of train operation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the laser reinforcing processing technique field of railroad track component.
Background technology
Track and track switch are the component supporting, guide train operation, its service life and reliability, relation railway transport economy and train service safety, riding comfort and environmental noise.In train travelling process, bear complicated wheel track/track switch Structure deformation impact force action, there will be wheel-rail/environmental problem such as track switch impact and slippage noise, its sur-face peeling and abrasion equivalent damage problem, and the safety problem that fatigue fracture brings.Meanwhile, be improve train integrated operation performance, track and track switch had to the harshness science and technology requirement of low noise, long-life, high reliability and safety.
According to the manufacturing technology feature of world's railway track and track switch, railway track and track switch can divide into matrix material rail-track switch and laser treatment rail-track switch:
Matrix material rail-track switch, primarily of Fine Steel Casting iron, high-quality low-alloy steel, bainitic steel and low-carbon martensitic steels etc., manufactures and generally adopts continuous rolling process, comprise the processes such as liquid steel refining-base forging rolling-heat treatment/surface peening-fine finishining; Heat treatment/surface intensified technique comprises modified, hard surfacing etc., and because substantive transformation does not occur materials microstructure, material military service ability almost reaches the limit of manufacturing capacity, but ability is still limited: hardness is generally Hv320 ~ 390; The rate of wear is fast, and only rail-track switch year the maintenance cost of Chinese state iron just reaches more than ten hundred million RMB; Have a strong impact on safety of railway traffic.Therefore, existing rail-track switch is middle quick abrasion under arms, and inhomogeneities damage is large, and cause wheel-rail impact load and impact noise to increase, service life is short.
Laser treatment rail-track switch, in the region that matrix material rail-track switch may contact with wheel, implement the processing of laser surface strengthening, make skin-material heterogeneous microstructure micro-nanoization, wear-resistant and anti-rolling contact fatigue performance obtains and increases substantially.
Laser tread wheel, the later stage nineties in last century, associating Gorky Railway Bureau of manufacture research institute of Russia, take the lead in application CO2 laser instrument direct consolidation wheel-rail/track switch contact surface matrix material (not adding abrasion resistant particles), obtain the top layer heterogeneous microstructure of micro-nanoization, achieve effect [the ChkalovLA.Laserstrengtheningofwheelandrail.RailwayTransp ort extending rail life 0.8 ~ 1.0,1988, (2): 31-36].Europe started " star on basis " research program from 2000, DUROC company application laser melting technique process rail-track switch, obtain the rail-track switch surface of high rigidity, the high yield stress limit and low-frictional force, considerably reduce abrasion speed and noise, rolling contact fatigue life more than one times can be extended; Physical engineering institute of Zhengzhou University have studied U74 rail laser-quenching technique and effect, discloses and makes material grains refinement and martensite, and case hardness and abrasion resistance present and significantly improve; Laser engineering academy of Beijing University of Technology has carried out phase transformation strengthening technique and the effect of laser melting U74 Rail Surface matrix material, discloses and improves case hardness 3 ~ 4 times; Favilli [FAVILLISandro.Hardeningprocessusinglaserinrailwayapplica tionsandrelativeequipment.PCI/IT2005/000092 in 2005, WO2005/080686A1, WorldIntellectualPropertyOrganization, 1Sept.2005] disclose reinforcement technique and small rail car voluntarily that a kind of laser coagulates Rail Surface material; The Zeng Xiaoyan of the Central China University of Science and Technology combines Wuhan Railway office Institute Of Science And Technology, successively disclose some online laser process equipments for the process of Rail Surface Strengthening and Toughening, realize Rail Surface laser quenching, alloying, consolidation intensive treatment and texturing and shock peening process; The Zhang Zhijun etc. of Chinese Academy of Sciences's Changchun optical precision optical machinery and physics Institute discloses a kind of mancarried device utilizing high-power semiconductor laser consolidation Rail Surface; Zhang Jun etc. disclose a kind of device of impaired Rail Surface that utilized portable laser cladding method to repair; Zhang Zhunsheng successively discloses the method utilizing laser alloying, consolidation technique Rail Surface, also discloses the method for laser reinforcing track switch railway frog and tongue simultaneously; The Tao Xingqi of Shenyang Dalu Laser System Co., Ltd. etc. successively disclose track switch surface laser alloying strengthening technique and turnout baseplate surface laser cladding technique.
But, existing rail-track switch laser surface strengthening method, not the green science and technology relevant to rail track geographical environment does not need to combine, and not processing method and strengthen the life requirements of the degree of depth and rail-track switch and inefficacy mechanism organically combines, mainly there are the following problems:
1, rail and track switch are strengthened in different factories or workshop respectively, and the method for strengthening is different with the degree of depth, cause do not mate the application life of the two, have a strong impact on the application life of whole track.And existing intensifying method does not consider the degree of depth of laser reinforcing, there is no the concept of the laser reinforcing degree of depth yet.After rail everywhere, track switch strengthening, the thickness effect that material surface tissue undergoes phase transition is differed, the resistant function difference causing the sub-sur-face peeling damage that rail, track switch produce wheel rail rolling contact fatigue to be lost efficacy everywhere is large, service life is uneven, have impact on the whole service life of system-wide section track, also make maintenance and repair very inconvenient.
The matching problem of 2, rail-track switch laser surface strengthening method and rail track geographical environment
Existing matrix material rail-turnout technology and rail-track switch laser reinforcing technology, as broad as long ramp, bend and level line are in the difference of enhanced tissue method.Use the same method and to strengthen various section, ramp/bend rail-track switch abrasion are more serious, and application life is short, and also make the life-span of two kinds of rail-track switches not mate, the application life on system-wide section rail and turnout has much room for improvement; And ramp/bend place is identical with the rail-track switch adhesion strength at straight place, rail-the track switch at ramp/bend place and the adhesion strength of wheel inadequate, limit the raising that train drives driving power, and the adhesion strength of the rail at straight place-between track switch and wheel is higher, frictional resistance more during train operation, improves the energy consumption of train operation.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the combination laser intensifying method of a kind of ramp/bend rail-track switch, straight road rail-track switch, the rail in the whole section after being strengthened by the method, the reinforcing life coupling of track switch, thus make the rail in whole section and the long service life of track switch, reliability is strong, and working service is more convenient; And the driving driving power of train can be improved, reduce the energy consumption of train operation.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: carry out to ramp/bend rail-track switch the thickening strengthening waiting the strengthening degree of depth everywhere; The viscosity reduction strengthening waiting the strengthening degree of depth is carried out everywhere to straight road rail-track switch; And the strengthening degree of depth of thickening strengthening and viscosity reduction strengthening is also equal, and be more than or equal to wheel-rail rolling contact fatigue influence depth; The described strengthening degree of depth is the thickness that laser reinforcing makes material surface tissue and undergoes phase transition, and namely phase-change organization and matrix interface are to the distance on surface.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
One, the concept of the laser reinforcing degree of depth is proposed, and in ramp/bend rail-track switch, the various section of rail-track switch, straight road rail and track switch carry out the laser reinforcing of same intensity, also namely after rail everywhere and track switch laser reinforcing, the consistency of thickness that material surface tissue undergoes phase transition, thus make the life-span coupling of system-wide section track consistent.And strengthen the degree of depth and be more than or equal to wheel-rail rolling contact fatigue influence depth.The sub-sur-face peeling inefficacy that wheel-rail rolling contact fatigue load causes inner crack initiation to each section of track and causes can well be eliminated, better ensure its service life.Thus effectively improve the application life on system-wide section rail and turnout, enhance the reliability on system-wide section rail and turnout.Keep in repair system-wide section is unified when need keep in repair, its working service is more convenient.
Two, ramp/bend rail-track switch is carried out to the laser reinforcing of thickening, the adhesion strength of wheel and track when enhancing ramp/negotiation of bends, decrease the skidding between wheel and track when ramp/bend runs, add centripetal force when bend runs, improve and viscosity reduction strengthening is carried out to straight road rail-track switch.On the contrary, train is when straight rail-track switch is run, and the load of rail-track switch is little, therefore straight road rail-track switch is carried out to the laser reinforcing of viscosity reduction, the adhesion strength of straight track and wheel can be reduced, namely decrease the contact friction force of the two, thus reduce the energy consumption of train operation.
Above-mentionedly to the specific practice that ramp/bend rail-track switch carries out laser reinforcing be: wear away comparative experiments by creep, according to the principle that abrasion damage is minimum, determine to adopt laser melting or laser melting coating or laser melt a kind of method in injecting method and cause the uniform depth of inner crack initiation to carry out laser reinforcing to ramp/bend rail-track switch by elimination wheel-rail rolling contact fatigue load to track.
Like this, compared by test, determine and can better reduce the intensifying method with the best of ramp/bend track-track switch adaptation surface abrasion, ensure its service life.
Above-mentioned to the specific practice that straight road rail-track switch carries out laser reinforcing be: wear away comparative experiments by creep, according to the principle that abrasion damage is minimum, determine to adopt a kind of method that laser melting or laser melting coating or laser melt in injecting method to carry out laser reinforcing to straight road rail-track switch.
Like this, compared by test, determine and can better reduce the intensifying method with the best of straight track-track switch adaptation surface abrasion, ensure its service life.
Below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention, the present invention is described in further detail.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment
A combination laser intensifying method for ramp/bend rail-track switch, straight road rail-track switch, its way is: carry out to ramp/bend rail-track switch the thickening strengthening waiting the strengthening degree of depth everywhere; The viscosity reduction strengthening waiting the strengthening degree of depth is carried out everywhere to straight road rail-track switch; And the strengthening degree of depth of thickening strengthening and viscosity reduction strengthening is also equal, and be more than or equal to wheel-rail rolling contact fatigue influence depth; The described strengthening degree of depth is the thickness that laser reinforcing makes material surface tissue and undergoes phase transition, and namely phase-change organization and matrix interface are to the distance on surface.
In this example, the specific practice of ramp/bend rail-track switch being carried out to laser reinforcing is: wear away comparative experiments by creep, according to the principle that abrasion damage is minimum, determine to adopt laser melting or laser melting coating or laser melt a kind of method in injecting method and cause the uniform depth of inner crack initiation to carry out laser reinforcing to ramp/bend rail-track switch by elimination wheel-rail rolling contact fatigue load to track.
In this example, the specific practice of straight road rail-track switch being carried out to laser reinforcing is: wear away comparative experiments by creep, according to the principle that abrasion damage is minimum, determine to adopt laser melting or laser melting coating or laser melt a kind of method in injecting method and cause the uniform depth of inner crack initiation to carry out laser reinforcing to straight road rail one track switch by elimination wheel-rail rolling contact fatigue load to track.
Claims (3)
1. a combination laser intensifying method for ramp/bend rail-track switch, straight road rail-track switch, its way is: carry out to ramp/bend rail-track switch the thickening strengthening waiting the strengthening degree of depth everywhere; The viscosity reduction strengthening waiting the strengthening degree of depth is carried out everywhere to straight road rail-track switch; It is characterized in that: described thickening strengthening and the strengthening deep equality of viscosity reduction strengthening, and be more than or equal to wheel-rail rolling contact fatigue influence depth; The described strengthening degree of depth is the thickness that laser reinforcing makes material surface tissue and undergoes phase transition, and namely phase-change organization and matrix interface are to the distance on surface.
2. the combination laser intensifying method of a kind of ramp according to claim 1/bend rail-track switch, straight road rail-track switch, it is characterized in that, described to the specific practice that ramp/bend rail-track switch carries out laser reinforcing be: wear away comparative experiments by creep, according to the principle that abrasion damage is minimum, determine to adopt laser melting or laser melting coating or laser melt a kind of method in injecting method and cause the uniform depth of inner crack initiation to carry out laser reinforcing to ramp/bend rail-track switch by elimination wheel-rail rolling contact fatigue load to track.
3. the combination laser intensifying method of a kind of ramp according to claim 1/bend rail-track switch, straight road rail-track switch, it is characterized in that, described to the specific practice that straight road rail-track switch carries out laser reinforcing be: wear away comparative experiments by creep, according to the principle that abrasion damage is minimum, determine to adopt laser melting or laser melting coating or laser melt a kind of method in injecting method and cause the uniform depth of inner crack initiation to carry out laser reinforcing to straight road rail-track switch by elimination wheel-rail rolling contact fatigue load to track.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201110238147.0A CN102953302B (en) | 2011-08-18 | 2011-08-18 | The combination laser intensifying method of ramp/bend rail-track switch, straight road rail-track switch |
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| CN201110238147.0A CN102953302B (en) | 2011-08-18 | 2011-08-18 | The combination laser intensifying method of ramp/bend rail-track switch, straight road rail-track switch |
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| CN102953302B true CN102953302B (en) | 2016-02-03 |
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| CN110344048B (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2021-06-22 | 株洲辉锐增材制造技术有限公司 | Laser cladding layer of high manganese steel frog, preparation method of laser cladding layer and high manganese steel frog |
| CN112501965B (en) * | 2020-11-07 | 2021-11-26 | 西南交通大学 | Method for controlling wavy abrasion of railway steel rail |
| CN112660196A (en) * | 2020-11-07 | 2021-04-16 | 西南交通大学 | Method for controlling asymmetric abrasion of steel rail |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1515743A (en) * | 2003-01-03 | 2004-07-28 | 张准胜 | Laser intensified railroad switch |
| CN1542224A (en) * | 2003-04-28 | 2004-11-03 | 张准胜 | Laser surface strengthened rail switch tongue |
| CN2670419Y (en) * | 2003-01-03 | 2005-01-12 | 张准胜 | Laser reinforced points frog on railway |
| CN201280675Y (en) * | 2008-10-08 | 2009-07-29 | 华中科技大学 | On-line laser machining apparatus for strengthening and toughening treatment of track surface |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1515743A (en) * | 2003-01-03 | 2004-07-28 | 张准胜 | Laser intensified railroad switch |
| CN2670419Y (en) * | 2003-01-03 | 2005-01-12 | 张准胜 | Laser reinforced points frog on railway |
| CN1542224A (en) * | 2003-04-28 | 2004-11-03 | 张准胜 | Laser surface strengthened rail switch tongue |
| CN201280675Y (en) * | 2008-10-08 | 2009-07-29 | 华中科技大学 | On-line laser machining apparatus for strengthening and toughening treatment of track surface |
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