CN101209032B - 一种冠背蚌的培育方法 - Google Patents

一种冠背蚌的培育方法 Download PDF

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CN101209032B
CN101209032B CN2006101555525A CN200610155552A CN101209032B CN 101209032 B CN101209032 B CN 101209032B CN 2006101555525 A CN2006101555525 A CN 2006101555525A CN 200610155552 A CN200610155552 A CN 200610155552A CN 101209032 B CN101209032 B CN 101209032B
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cristaria plicata
anodonta
freshwater mussel
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woodiana pacifica
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CN101209032A (zh
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陈海军
李小龙
翁学庆
付展飞
王俊
何晓琳
郑莉
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Innovative Healthcare Management Ltd By Share Ltd
Zhejiang foot Jewelry Co.,Ltd.
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ZHEJIANG SHANXIAHU PEAL GROUP CO Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种冠背蚌的培育方法，所述方法为：挑选褶纹冠蚌与圆背角无齿蚌雌雄亲本，进行正交和反交获得F1代蚌，再从F1代蚌中挑选出具有母代优良性状较多的蚌，进行自交扩大培养，获得所述冠背蚌。本发明的有益效果主要体现在：获得了同时具备褶纹冠蚌和圆背角无齿蚌优良特性的蚌，可以利用这些蚌在珍珠及其他生产应用上可以获得更大的经济效益及社会效益。

Description

一种冠背蚌的培育方法
(一)技术领域
本发明涉及一种冠背蚌的培育方法，尤其是一种同时具备褶纹冠蚌和圆背角无齿蚌优良特性的冠背蚌的杂交方法。
(二)背景技术
通过种间的杂交，有可能迅速和显著地提高杂种后代的生活力，经济性状等，或获得杂种优势，继而可以经培育而成新品种。贝类不同种间的杂交，国内外已经进行过不少尝试，并已有应用于生产的成功例子，但主要集中于海洋贝类，如通过不同牡蛎种间杂交、不同扇贝种间杂交，发现他们的杂种在生长率、抗逆性等方面表现出杂种优势。近年来，有三角帆蚌(Hyriopsis cumingii)与池蝶蚌(Hyriopsis schlegeli)杂交研究的相关报道，表明两者在形态上有相当程度的相似，并对亲本和F1的同工酶谱进行了分析。
褶纹冠蚌(Cristaria plicata)含有丰富的蛋白质，具有较高的食用价值，也是家禽、家畜和鱼类的良好饲料，还有很高的药用价值，可治多种疾病。其珍珠和珍珠层粉可做成珍珠药水、珍珠霜、珍珠酒等。另外，外壳可做珍珠核、贝雕工艺品，它还是做纽扣、电石的原料。利用该蚌个体大的特点，可育成特大型异形珍珠、佛象珍珠，也可做各种佩戴饰物。用作育无核珠，其成珠快、产量高，但质量较三角帆蚌稍差。
圆背角无齿蚌(Anodonta woodianapa cifica)录属软体动物门，瓣鳃纲，蚌科，无齿蚌属，俗称河蚌或菜蚌。贝壳大型，外形呈有角突的卵圆形，壳质薄，易碎。它是底栖肉食性鱼类、禽类的天然饵料，亦可为家畜、家禽的饲料。近年来，特别在我国东部一些发达地区，圆背角无齿蚌被开发为食用贝类，具有较高的经济价值。
(三)发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供获得一种兼具褶纹冠蚌和圆背角无齿蚌优良特性的培育方法。
为达到发明目的本发明采用的技术方案是：
一种冠背蚌的培育方法，所述方法为：挑选褶纹冠蚌与圆背角无齿蚌雌雄亲本，进行正交和反交获得F1代蚌，再从F1代蚌中挑选出具有母代优良性状较多的蚌，进行自交扩大培养，获得所述冠背蚌。所述冠背蚌同时具备褶纹冠蚌和圆背角无齿蚌的优良特性。
本发明的有益效果主要体现在：获得了同时具备褶纹冠蚌和圆背角无齿蚌优良特性的冠背蚌，含有丰富蛋白质，产量高，产珠快，质量好，具有较高的经济价值。可以利用这些蚌在珍珠及其他生产应用上可以获得更大的经济效益及社会效益。
(四)具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行进一步描述，但本发明的保护范围并不仅限于此：
实施例1：
根据外形、鳃丝密度、鳃瓣厚度挑选褶纹冠蚌与圆背角无齿蚌雌雄亲本各200余个，并在繁殖期以怀卵与否为标准再进行一次雌雄挑选。设实验组及对照组共4个杂交组合，每个组合3个重复。
杂交组合设计如下：
实验组：
①褶纹冠蚌(C)♀×圆背角无齿蚌(A)♂(正交)
②圆背角无齿蚌(A)♀×褶纹冠蚌(C)♂(反交)
对照组：
①褶纹冠蚌(C)♀×褶纹冠蚌(C)♂(自交)
②圆背角无齿蚌(A)♀×圆背角无齿蚌(A)♂(自交)
以自然人工受精法育成褶纹冠蚌与圆背角无齿蚌正交子一代200000只，反交后代150000只，褶纹冠蚌自交后代130000只，圆背角无齿蚌自交后代100000只。
然后挑选出优良性状最多的F1代蚌再自交以获得大量具备优良性状的冠背蚌。含有丰富蛋白质，产量高，产珠快，质量好，具有较高的经济价值。
实施例2：
根据外形、鳃丝密度、鳃瓣厚度挑选褶纹冠蚌与圆背角无齿蚌雌雄亲本各100余个，并在繁殖期以怀卵与否为标准再进行一次雌雄挑选。设实验组及对照组共4个杂交组合，每个组合3个重复。杂交组合设计如下：
实验组：
①褶纹冠蚌(C)♀×圆背角无齿蚌(A)♂(正交)
②圆背角无齿蚌(A)♀×褶纹冠蚌(C)♂(反交)
对照组：
①褶纹冠蚌(C)♀×褶纹冠蚌(C)♂(自交)
②圆背角无齿蚌(A)♀×圆背角无齿蚌(A)♂(自交)
以自然人工受精法育成褶纹冠蚌与圆背角无齿蚌正交子一代100000只，反交后代80000只，褶纹冠蚌自交后代70000只，圆背角无齿蚌自交后代50000只。
然后挑选出优良性状最多的F1代蚌再自交以获得大量具备优良性状的冠背蚌。含有丰富蛋白质，产量高，产珠快，质量好，具有较高的经济价值。
实施例3：
根据外形、鳃丝密度、鳃瓣厚度挑选褶纹冠蚌与圆背角无齿蚌雌雄亲本各400余个，并在繁殖期以怀卵与否为标准再进行一次雌雄挑选。设实验组及对照组共4个杂交组合，每个组合3个重复。杂交组合设计如下：
实验组：
①褶纹冠蚌(C)♀×圆背角无齿蚌(A)♂(正交)
②圆背角无齿蚌(A)♀×褶纹冠蚌(C)♂(反交)
对照组：
①褶纹冠蚌(C)♀×褶纹冠蚌(C)♂(自交)
②圆背角无齿蚌(A)♀×圆背角无齿蚌(A)♂(自交)
以自然人工受精法育成褶纹冠蚌与圆背角无齿蚌正交子一代400000只，反交后代300000只，褶纹冠蚌自交后代250000只，圆背角无齿蚌自交后代200000只。
然后挑选出优良性状最多的F1代蚌再自交以获得大量具备优良性状的冠背蚌。含有丰富蛋白质，产量高，产珠快，质量好，具有较高的经济价值。

Claims (1)

1.一种冠背蚌的培育方法，其特征在于所述方法为：挑选褶纹冠蚌与圆背角无齿蚌雌雄亲本，进行正交和反交获得F1代蚌，再从F1代蚌中挑选出具有母代优良性状较多的蚌，进行自交扩大培养，获得所述冠背蚌。
CN2006101555525A 2006-12-28 2006-12-28 一种冠背蚌的培育方法 Expired - Fee Related CN101209032B (zh)

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CN103749365B (zh) * 2014-01-26 2015-07-01 大连海洋大学 一种杂色蛤与菲律宾蛤的人工种间杂交方法

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CN1868265A (zh) * 2005-05-25 2006-11-29 上海水产大学 一种三角帆蚌与池蝶蚌远缘杂交育种方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN1868265A (zh) * 2005-05-25 2006-11-29 上海水产大学 一种三角帆蚌与池蝶蚌远缘杂交育种方法

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