CN101195541A - Method for producing composite microorganism fertilizer by using fertilizer offal - Google Patents
Method for producing composite microorganism fertilizer by using fertilizer offal Download PDFInfo
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- CN101195541A CN101195541A CNA2007100467447A CN200710046744A CN101195541A CN 101195541 A CN101195541 A CN 101195541A CN A2007100467447 A CNA2007100467447 A CN A2007100467447A CN 200710046744 A CN200710046744 A CN 200710046744A CN 101195541 A CN101195541 A CN 101195541A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for preparing composite microbe fertilizer by utilizing fertilizer offal and the technical scheme of the invention comprises fermenting bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium and bacillus mucilagimosus krassilm individually. The fermented bacterial liquid is adsorbed by turf separately. Three adsorbed single microbial inoculum is blended and grinded according to the proportion of 1.5-2.5:0.8-1.2:1.5-2.5 to obtain the compound microbial inoculum. The gourmet powder plant and amino acids manufacturers as lysine plant and the like utilize waste liquid sediment and the fertilizer offal made by waste liquid as raw materials to charge trace element raw material and 7%-10% compound microbial inoculum with relative to total weight to obtain the needed compound microbe fertilizer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of manufacturing method of complex microorganism fertilizer, specifically, relate to a kind of method of utilizing the fertilizer offal to produce composite microbiological fertilizer.
Background technology
Since using of a large amount of chemical fertilizer, soil compaction, deteriorating water quality, the agricultural-food severe contamination, whole farmland ecological environment and people's living environment is affected, and Sustainable development how to keep China's agricultural has caused the great attention of governments at all levels.Particularly after the China joined WTO, China's agricultural is subjected to severe challenge, develop the foreign exchange earning agricultural, must carry forward vigorously the development of green food and pollution-free food, as the microbial fertilizer of production pollution-free food production data, become Ministry of Agriculture's emphasis and promoted product.But because microbial fertilizer is with high content of technology, the production difficulty is big, and high-quality product also seldom on China market.The tool authoritative department is estimated: in 5 years of future, the annual requirement of microbial fertilizer will reach 30% of fertilizer amount, market capacity will reach the forty-two million ton, and 1,000,000 tons of present year output less thaies of China's microbial fertilizer can not satisfy the needs in market far away.
Composite microbiological fertilizer is the goods that contain the specified microorganisms live body, is applied to agriculture production, by the vital movement of its contained microorganism, increases the supply of plant nutrient or promotes plant-growth, improves output, improves quality of agricultural product and agroecological environment.According to the requirement of the composite microbiological fertilizer industry standard NY/T798-2004 of the Ministry of Agriculture, living bacteria count is that the key technical indexes of this product is that the living bacteria count amount must be greater than 2 * 10
7Individual/gram, total nutrient (N+P
2O
5+ K
2O) must be greater than 6%.But guarantee high number of viable, the support material that accounts for formula for a product ratio 70%-80% is the principal element that influences number of viable.The producer that produces the composite microbiological fertilizer product now utilizes the peat composed of rotten mosses or differentiation coal as carrier.Contain great number of organic matters in the peat composed of rotten mosses and the differentiation coal, C/N can guarantee the number of viable of microorganism than the life condition that meets microorganism.But the peat composed of rotten mosses and differentiation coal belong to mineral substance, be subjected to the restriction of national resources, a large amount of exploitations can destroy ecological, and execute in soil and to be difficult to dissolving, organic matter wherein and humic acids are difficult to by crop utilization, influence fertilizer efficiency, the price of the peat composed of rotten mosses and differentiation coal also goes up year by year simultaneously, and production cost of products is also improving year by year.And, owing to do not contain n-p-k element or content is few in the currently available products starting material, often need to add n p k fertilizer aborning, mineral ions a large amount of in the product have increased osmotic pressure, influence the survival of microorganism, viable count is reduced, influenced quality product.Above shortcoming has all influenced the popularization of composite microbiological fertilizer.
A large amount of high pollution discharging of waste liquid is a difficult problem that perplexs monosodium glutamate (L-glutamic acid) and fodder additives Methionin manufacturing enterprise for a long time in the amino acid production process.Medium-sized manufacturing enterprise solid sediment in liquid waste disposal reaches the hundreds of ton every day, and the generation of waste water is just more surprising.These waste water and sedimentary acidity are very strong, if do not deal carefully with the severe acidification that can cause soil and water with regard to discharging.
In order properly to dispose these waste liquids and throw out, the manufacturing enterprise of monosodium glutamate that has (L-glutamic acid) and fodder additives Methionin produces fertilizer respectively with waste water and waste liquid throw out, turns waste into wealth.The waste water of waste liquid post precipitation can utilize the waste water that contains these nutritive substances to produce amino acid fertilizer and organic-inorganic compound (compound) fertilizer with spray pelleting process owing to contain a certain amount of soluble nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition and organic matter, amino acid, humic acids.And the waste liquid throw out also can add an amount of inorganic nitrogen phosphorus potassium raw material and produce fertilizer owing to itself contain the nutrient similar to waste water after oven dry.But offals such as screening is come out in producing the fertilizer process big grain, granule and powdery utilize owing to it returns high being difficult to of production cost, have become new burden.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to remedy deficiency of the prior art,, provide manufacturing method of complex microorganism fertilizer a kind of cheapness, resource utilization height, environmental protection, realize the benign cycle of producing at the refuse that produces in the wastewater treatment process.
Purpose of the present invention realizes by following measure:
The present invention includes fermentation, the absorption of bacterial classification, this method is carried out according to the following steps:
1, the processing of fertilizer offal
Offal is pulverized; The potential of hydrogen conditioning: add the lime of 4%-7% in the fertilizer offal, the back pack that stirs was stacked more than two days, measured pH, made pH reach 6-7.5.
2, complex micro organism fungicide preparation: with subtilis (Bacillus subtilis), bacillus megaterium (Bacillus megaterium) and Bacillus mucilaginosus (Bacillus mucilagimosus krassilm) utilize the independent fermentative production of fermentation equipment, bacterium liquid after the fermentation adsorbs with the peat composed of rotten mosses, single microbial inoculum after three kinds of absorption is pulverized according to the mixed of 1.5-2.5: 0.8-1.2: 1.5-2.5, made the total viable count that mixes back three bacterial classifications reach 6 * 10
8Individual/more than the gram, moisture remains in 25%.
3, be in the offal of 6.0-7.5 at pH, add micro-starting material with the 6%-15% ratio that accounts for offal, micro-starting material and complex micro organism fungicide gross weight, and to account for the 7%-10% ratio adding complex micro organism fungicide of offal, micro-starting material and complex micro organism fungicide gross weight, pulverize after stirring, get the powdery composite microbiological fertilizer.
Wherein said fertilizer offal derives from the waste water in the amino acid productions such as utilizing Gourmet Powder Factory, Methionin factory or the process of waste liquid fertilizer that throw out is produced.Produce fertilizer with waste water and be meant that waste water adds inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium starting material and produces fertilizer with spray pelleting process; Produce fertilizer with the waste liquid throw out and be meant that throw out is dried the back mixes back and phosphorus potassium raw material spray granulating with nitrogen-containing material.
The basic proterties of producing the offal of fertilizer with waste water or waste liquid throw out sees Table 1:
The basic proterties of table 1 fertiliser production offal (powdery)
| Project | Organic (%) | pH | Total nutrient (N+P 2O 5+K 2O) (％) | Amino acid (%) | Humic acids (%) | ||
| Content | 18-30 | 1.8-2.6 | 8-18 | 15-20 | 20-30 | ||
| Project | Moisture (%) | Assorted bacterium rate % | Cadmium mg/kg | Mercury mg/kg | Plumbous mg/kg | Chromium mg/kg | Arsenic mg/kg |
| Content | 5-10 | ≤6 | ≤1.0 | ≤1.5 | ≤10 | ≤10 | ≤5 |
From above data as can be seen, the pH value is too low, so need carry out the potential of hydrogen conditioning process described in step 1, the pH value is transferred to 6-7.5.
Bacterium liquid after the described fermentation of step 2 is bacterium liquid with the ratio of peat composed of rotten mosses absorption: the peat composed of rotten mosses=1: 4-6.
After adding complex micro organism fungicide in the step 3, living bacteria count in the composite microbiological fertilizer 〉=2 * 10
7Individual/gram, total nutrient (N+P
2O
5+ K
2O) 〉=7%.
Pulverize requirement in the step 1 and 3 and reach the 60-100 order for fineness, the best is the 80-100 order.
If the production granulated product can continue granulation, oven dry, cooling, screening with the powdery composite microbiological fertilizer product in the step 3.
Micro-starting material described in the step 3 are zinc sulfate, wherein one or more of borax, sal epsom, ferric sulfate etc.
In step 3, can also can add the starting material that contain nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition in right amount by the nutrient content of offal according to the composite microbiological fertilizer of market demand production Different Nutrients content.
The starting material of above-mentioned nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium nutrition are: nitrogen: urea or ammonium sulfate; Phosphorus: monoammonium phosphate or diammonium phosphate; Potassium: vitriolate of tartar.
Requirement and detection method according to " composite microbiological fertilizer " industry standard (NY/T798-2004) are tested to product, living bacteria count in the standard-required qualified product 〉=2 * 10
7Individual/gram, total nutrient (N+P
2O
5+ K
2O) 〉=6%, assorted bacterium rate≤30%, the pH value is 5.5-7.5, proves through a large amount of different tests, utilization can reach following technical indicator with the composite microbiological fertilizer of apply fertilizer offal production, and heavy metal content does not surpass the innoxious index of Ministry of Agriculture's bio-feritlizer industry standard.
Table 2 adopts different ingredients to produce the technical indicator of composite microbiological fertilizer
| Project | Living bacteria count (* 10 7Individual/gram) | Assorted bacterium rate (%) | Total nutrient (N+P 2O 5+K 2O) (％) | pH | Moisture (%) |
| Content | 2.5-3.5 | ≤15 | 6.5-15.5 | 6.0-7.2 | 14-20 |
Above-mentioned individual/gram is meant the number that contains microorganism in every gram solid; % is meant the mass fraction that adds and contain target compound in the solid of per hundred parts of quality.
Produce in the amino acid whose waste liquid and contain great number of organic matters, amino acid, humic acids, the npk nutrient of organic, carbohydrate and trace element, most of nutritive substance can provide microorganism growth required nutrient in these materials, utilize in the offal of fertilizer of waste liquid throw out or waste water production and increased some inorganic npk nutrients again, not only can not influence viable bacteria survival in the composite microbiological fertilizer with this offal as the carrier of composite microbiological fertilizer, and under the suitable soil moisture and moisture, can promote the growth and breeding of beneficial microorganism in soil in the fertilizer after using, improve nearly one times than the composite microbiological fertilizer viable bacteria reproduction speed of using the peat composed of rotten mosses as starting material production.The various compositions that offal contains also are the needed nutritive substances of crop, can promote plant growth, the character of also improving the soil simultaneously.So they also can improve the yield and quality of crop when increasing fertilizer efficiency.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, the disposal of resources approach of an environmental protection is provided for the waste disposal that produces in the amino acid fertilizer production, has guaranteed the benign cycle of waste disposal.Also provide a novel method of utilizing, increase added value again for the offal that utilizes waste water to produce fertilizer.
2, further reduce the production cost of composite microbiological fertilizer, improved quality product.
3, present method as carrier, has replaced the most peat composed of rotten mosses and weathered coal in the prior art with waste water or sedimentary fertilizer offal, and the composition of interpolation is less, and step is simplified, and greatly reduces production cost, helps applying.
5, the main raw material of the composite microbiological fertilizer of Sheng Chaning derives from the waste liquid of amino acid production process, thereby in soil, be easy to dissolve, and owing to wherein contain the nutrient of a large amount of microorganism growth needs, reproduction speed in soil is very fast, be to use nearly 1 times of the peat composed of rotten mosses and weathered coal product, thereby improved fertilizer efficiency.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is amino acid whose manufacturing and the process flow sheet of making fertilizer with waste water that produces and throw out
Fig. 2 is the processing flow chart of fertilizer offal
Fig. 3 is the preparation flow figure of powdery composite microbiological fertilizer
Fig. 4 is the preparation flow figure of particulate state composite microbiological fertilizer
Embodiment
Embodiment 1-1
1, sampling.The fertilizer offal that the waste water that produces in the amino acid production process is made is taken from Henan Province "Lotus" gourmet powder limited-liability company.
2, pulverize.Fineness after the fertilizer offal raw material pulverizing is reached the 60-80 order, measure pulverizing the posterior angle material, essential property sees Table 3, heavy metal is well below the industry standard (arsenic≤75mg/kg of composite microbiological fertilizer, cadmium≤10mg/kg, lead≤100mg/kg, chromium≤150mg/kg, mercury≤5mg/kg), do not measure.
The basic proterties of table 3 fertilizer offal
| Project | Organic (%) | pH | Total nutrient (N+P 2O 5+K 2O) (％) | Amino acid (%) | Humic acids (%) | Moisture (%) | Assorted bacterium rate (%) |
| Content | 23.6 | 1.90 | 10.6 | 17.1 | 21.4 | 8.7 | 7.3 |
3, pH conditioning.Add lime 6% in the powdery throw out, stacked 2 days the back that stirs, and measures the pH value, is 7.02.
4, the preparation of complex micro organism fungicide.With subtilis (Bacillus subtilis), bacillus megaterium (Bacillus megaterium) and Bacillus mucilaginosus (Bacillus mucilagimosus krassilm) be fermentative production separately, the bacterium liquid after the fermentation with the peat composed of rotten mosses in bacterium liquid: the ratio of the peat composed of rotten mosses=1: 4 is adsorbed.With mixed, the pulverizing of the single microbial inoculum after three kinds of absorption, make the total viable count that mixes back three bacterial classifications reach 6 * 10 according to 2: 1: 2
8Individual/more than the gram, moisture remains on 22-25%.
5, batching.Produce total nutrient (N+P
2O
5+ K
2O) 〉=7% composite microbiological fertilizer.The offal 196kg that in stirrer, adds pH=7.02, complex micro organism fungicide 25kg, sal epsom 15kg, zinc sulfate 10kg, borax 4kg.
6, mix.Stirrer stirred 3-5 minute, made the material thorough mixing even, can influence microorganism active because water content is low in the offal, so evenly added the water of 15kg before stirring.
7, pulverize.Make the fineness of material reach the 60-80 order by pulverizer.
8, packing, metering, warehouse-in (powdery composite microbiological fertilizer).
Granular composite microbiological fertilizer need be proceeded following steps:
9, granulation: adopt the disk granulation, the diameter that makes most of grain is at 2-3cm.
10, oven dry: adopt the oven dry of cylinder low-temperature cold wind, temperature can not surpass 120 ℃, and oven dry back moisture is less than 15%.
11, screening:, make finished product grain size at 2-3cm by vibration separation screen.
12, packing, metering, warehouse-in.
Embodiment 1-2
Except following technology, other are as embodiment 1-1.
With subtilis (Bacillus subtilis), bacillus megaterium (Bacillus megaterium) and Bacillus mucilaginosus (Bacillus mucilagimosus krassilm) be fermentative production separately, the bacterium liquid after the fermentation with the peat composed of rotten mosses in bacterium liquid: the ratio of the peat composed of rotten mosses=1: 5 is adsorbed.With mixed, the pulverizing of the single microbial inoculum after three kinds of absorption, make the total viable count that mixes back three bacterial classifications reach 6 * 10 according to 1.5: 1.2: 2.5
8Individual/more than the gram, moisture remains on 20-22%.
Smashing fineness is the 70-90 order in the step 2 and 7.
Batching is: offal 215kg, complex micro organism fungicide 20kg.Sal epsom 5kg, zinc sulfate 5kg, borax 5kg.
The total nutrient of gained composite microbiological fertilizer is 9%, if need production total nutrient is 12% fertilizer, then need add urea 25kg or vitriolate of tartar 21kg.
Embodiment 1-3
Except following technology, other are as embodiment 1-1.
Raw material is for producing the offal of fertilizer with the waste liquid throw out.
With subtilis (Bacillus subtilis), bacillus megaterium (Bacillus megaterium) and Bacillus mucilaginosus (Bacillus mucilagimosus krassilm) be fermentative production separately, bacterium liquid after the fermentation adsorbs with the peat composed of rotten mosses, with mixed, the pulverizing of the single microbial inoculum after three kinds of absorption, make the total viable count that mixes back three bacterial classifications reach 6 * 10 according to 2: 0.8: 2.2
8Individual/more than the gram, moisture remains on 20-25%.
Smashing fineness is the 80-100 order in the step 2 and 7.
Batching is: offal 207.5kg, complex micro organism fungicide 17.5kg, sal epsom 10kg, zinc sulfate 5kg, borax 5kg, ferric sulfate 5kg.
The total nutrient of gained composite microbiological fertilizer is 8%, if need production total nutrient is 10% fertilizer, then need add urea 17kg or monoammonium phosphate 12kg.
Embodiment 1-4
Except following technology, other are as embodiment 1-1.
Raw material is for producing the offal of fertilizer with the waste liquid throw out.
With subtilis (Bacillus subtilis), bacillus megaterium (Bacillus megaterium) and Bacillus mucilaginosus (Bacillus mucilagimosus krassilm) be fermentative production separately, bacterium liquid after the fermentation adsorbs with the peat composed of rotten mosses, with mixed, the pulverizing of the single microbial inoculum after three kinds of absorption, make the total viable count that mixes back three bacterial classifications reach 6 * 10 according to 2.5: 1: 2.5
8Individual/more than the gram, moisture remains on 20-25%.
Smashing fineness is the 80-100 order in the step 2 and 7.
Batching is: offal 192.5kg, complex micro organism fungicide 22.5kg, sal epsom 15kg, zinc sulfate 10kg, borax 5kg, ferric sulfate 5kg.
The test example:
The watermelon field test effect
Test is handled:
A: mu is used the composite microbiological fertilizer 120kg that the peat composed of rotten mosses is produced
B: the composite microbiological fertilizer 120kg that mu applying fertilizer offal is produced
Sub-district area 20m
2, establish 3 repetitions, district's group is arranged at random.All tests are handled and are all made base manure, and manuring late and management are identical with habits fertilization.Data statistical approach: yield data is checked significance with duncan's new multiple range method.
Table 4 different treatment is to the influence of watermelon agronomic shape
| Handle | Density (strain/mu) | Main climing length (cm) | Physiology joint position (joint) | Knot melon number (individual/strain) | Single melon heavy (kg) |
| A B | 600 600 | 162 172 | 16.1 17.6 | 1.28 1.32 | 3.86 4.18 |
As can be seen from Table 4: plant watermelon than the climing long increase 10cm of the watermelon master of the composite microbiological fertilizer plantation of producing with the peat composed of rotten mosses with the composite microbiological fertilizer that the fertilizer offal is produced, physiology joint position increases 1.5cm, knot melon number increases by 0.04/strain, and single melon heavily increases 0.32kg.
Table 5 different treatment is to the influence of The yield of watermelon
| Handle | Cell production (kg/ mu) | Mean yield (kg/ mu) | Increase output (%) | 5% difference | 1% difference | ||
| I | II | III | |||||
| A B | 2984 3516 | 3025 3475 | 3103 3428 | 3037 3473 | --- 14.3 | a b | A B |
As can be seen from Table 5: plant the output volume increase 14.3% of watermelon ratio with the composite microbiological fertilizer plantation watermelon of peat composed of rotten mosses production with the composite microbiological fertilizer that the fertilizer offal is produced, effect of increasing production reaches utmost point conspicuous level.
From above test-results as can be seen: produce the fertilizer efficiency that composite microbiological fertilizer can obviously improve bio-feritlizer with offal; promoting plant growth; in the time of increasing both production and income, the effect that can play utilization of waste material, reduces the wasting of resources, protects environment, saves Mineral resources, reduces fertilizer amount, reduces peasant burden, improves quality of agricultural product.
Claims (9)
1. a method of utilizing the fertilizer offal to produce composite microbiological fertilizer comprises fermentation, the absorption of bacterial classification, it is characterized in that this method carries out according to the following steps:
(1) processing of fertilizer offal: the fertilizer offal is pulverized, and the lime that adds 4%-7% stirred back pack stacking more than two days, made pH reach 6-7.5;
(2) complex micro organism fungicide preparation: with subtilis (Bacillus subtilis), bacillus megaterium (Bacillus megaterium) and Bacillus mucilaginosus (Bacillus mucilagimosus krassilm) be fermentative production separately, bacterium liquid after the fermentation adsorbs with the peat composed of rotten mosses, with mixed, the pulverizing of the single microbial inoculum after three kinds of absorption according to 1.5-2.5: 0.8-1.2: 1.5-2.5, moisture remains in 25%.
(3) be in the powdery offal of 6-7.5 at pH, add micro-starting material with the 6%-15% ratio that accounts for offal, micro-starting material and complex micro organism fungicide gross weight, and to account for the 7%-10% ratio adding complex micro organism fungicide of offal, micro-starting material and complex micro organism fungicide gross weight, pulverize after stirring, get the powdery composite microbiological fertilizer.
2. production method according to claim 1, wherein said fertilizer offal derive from the waste water in the amino acid productions such as utilizing Gourmet Powder Factory, Methionin factory or the process of waste liquid fertilizer that throw out is produced.
3. production method according to claim 1, the bacterium liquid after the wherein said fermentation is bacterium liquid with the ratio of peat composed of rotten mosses absorption: the peat composed of rotten mosses=1: 4-6.
4. production method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, behind the adding complex micro organism fungicide, and living bacteria count 〉=2 * 10
7Individual/gram, total nutrient (N+P
2O
5+ K
2O) 〉=7%.
5. production method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, pulverizes to require to reach the 60-100 order for fineness in step (1) and (3).
6. production method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, pulverizes to require to reach the 80-100 order for fineness in step (1) and (3).
7. production method according to claim 1, the composite microbiological fertilizer described in the step (3) also comprises granular product.
8. production method according to claim 1, micro-starting material are zinc sulfate, wherein one or more of borax, sal epsom, ferric sulfate.
9. production method according to claim 1, composite microbiological fertilizer wherein can be according to the nutrient content requirements, add the starting material of an amount of nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium in proportion.
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| CN102276304A (en) * | 2011-06-23 | 2011-12-14 | 嵇书琼 | Biofertilizer for plantation of medicinal materials in Shaolin pharmacy and preparation process thereof |
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