CN101149211A

CN101149211A - Solar energy highly effective simple drier

Info

Publication number: CN101149211A
Application number: CNA2006100535280A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄金伦
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2006-09-22
Filing date: 2006-09-22
Publication date: 2008-03-26
Anticipated expiration: 2026-09-22
Also published as: CN101149211B

Abstract

This invention is a solar energy high efficiency simple drier. Under the first sun deck bottom, east-south and west-south angles are hinged with base support through hinge shaft. In the north end, the stay bar of manual lifter is hinges with the sun deck by pin. Thus, three points bearing is formed. The ascending and descending lifters can load and unload materials conveniently in drawer type. The inside of opened sealing door is drawer type bamboo wooden-frame (material frame). The deck bottom is used to load and unload. The deck surface is used to insolate the materials under high temperature. Manual adjusting single shaft is used to track. This invention also has double stage air pre-heating. Thus, it has high efficiency. Elastic air separating layer is used as sun deck and is used for connecting several sun decks to combined operate. It also forms high temperature air layer along long slope with the roof of glass house. This invention can work effectively without electricity and fan.

Description

Solar energy highly effective simple drier

The invention belongs to the solar drying technology field.A kind of solar energy highly effective simple drier.

The solar dryer of prior art is met flat roof and is and belongs to the flat of weak effect and fixingly do not have air preheater again, and efficient is very low, must use blower fan during running, thus power failure is arranged repeatly, the isolated area that lacks diesel oil not really adapts to, furthermore labour intensity is big.

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of thermal efficiency height, quick heating, the simple drier that also can operate when not having the no diesel oil of electricity, be to be fit to remote rural area and mountain area, it is more convenient to draw materials, so arch face glass room greatly, and, be convenient to transport and have high luminous flux with flat glass house (application number 200610053521.9); Outfit pulls the terraced fields shape slope of lift and meets flat roof, the artificial easy track frame of in good time adjusting, and easy charcoal layer air preheating chamber makes every effort to good and cheap.

Fig. 1, numeral 1 to 8, valve of each numeral, (numbering among all figure is unified).When morning, sunset, the sun was not high, the effect of air preheating chamber 30 is very little, 35 better action of corrugated surface of following the tracks of of adjusting second level preheating this moment, manual, especially the ripple rib of its North and South direction, can compensate, tracking inclination angle inaccessible defective (because meet solarization face follow the tracks of inclination angle can only less than material angle of repose material can not tumbled) low excessively because of the sun.Corrugated surface 35 is to be made by thin metal skin, scribbles spectrum selective paint, and it is followed the tracks of with the track frame of meeting flat roof 20.Each bar ripple rib has two rectangular narrow and crooked formation, and as the double slanted roof of direction towards east, the Dong Po on roof is always being shone earlier by the sun; Give the compensation of trail angle this moment again, make morning sunlight, the effect of spectrum selective paint is more arranged, just drive the long slope air flue hot-air rising (stack effect) of meeting between

flat roof

20,21 and the roof glass 51 almost perpendicular to the eastern sloping faceted pebble of corrugated surface 35.Can follow the tracks of and also preferentially obtain illumination owing to meet flat roof, to operate ahead of time, till closing at dusk.

The charcoal layer of air preheating chamber 30 can regularly be adjusted the declination inclination angle, and when the sun during in the high-altitude, entering the charcoal layer luminous flux increases, and the aterrimus of charcoal and fracture matsurface absorb amount of solar heat, the cold air that heating is passed through.Outdoor air enters valve 1, along preheating chamber 30, valve 2, presses arrow and rises, if having a power failure, just opens valve 3, allows hot-air arrange heavenwards, also can not operate automatically so there is the no blower fan driving of electricity.

Storage heater 57 (as gravel) only can operate when blower fan is worked.For example start internal combustion engine 55 or electric fan 56 (closing valve 3) this moment, allow the high-temperature hot air part enter storage heater 57 through valve 4, the gas that has waste heat then arrives air dried coating 59 through valve 6; The hot-air that comes out from valve 5 is through air dried coating 58 simultaneously, carry out airing materials, the air that converges ground 59 again participates in that air-dry (thumping majority fruit is just picked, can not be exposed to the sun by high temperature, process is air-dry to keep quality, not split earlier), when fruit was dried to a certain degree, just high temperature tanned by the sun, especially meet on the flat roof 21 at high temperature and tan by the sun, kill larva, worm's ovum and acceleration and reach the moisture content standard content.

The flow through waste heat waste gas of air dried

coating

58,59, during to flow distribution plate 61, the gas above the flow distribution plate is lighter, and the temperature height rises to meet through valve 8 and shines layer and participate in ramp cycle again; Waste gas below flow distribution plate 61 is heavier, temperature is low, and through valve 7, flue 62 is discharged outdoor.The first half of meeting air-flow of flow distribution plate 61 can be done the adjustment of one angle of deflection up and down, separate gas stream more preferably, (a bit the elevator of picture aircraft, but air-flow is reverse).

The finer wire 52 (each one deck up and down) that north-south stretch-draw is arranged below the glass roof 51, its south pass preheating chamber 30 and are connected with outdoor steel pipe tripod 50, and the North and armored concrete sandwich wall are connected; Film 53 (divide up and down 2 layers), as the two or three heat-insulation layer below the glass roof, this two-layer film can be simultaneously stretches the topped solarization face of meeting along separately finer wire 52, or the convergence purse up is return the North.They move and lean on northern guide wheel 54 and southern guide wheel in the north side of valve 2 (drawing), drive realization by guide wheel rope and micro machine (drawing because of picture is too little); When utilizing evening storage heater 57 to operate, must launch this two-layer heat-insulation layer, even the sunlight sky, temperature is low, also handy this two floor heights transparent membrane was incubated running when wind was big.

Between one side of the 60 expression storage heaters 57 of Fig. 1 and the abutment wall of glass room an equipment of small motor track is arranged.Be connected with vapour barrier 36 at the North of meeting flat roof 20, the North of meeting flat roof 21 is connected with vapour barrier 37, they are the compound sealants of making fold shape of heat-resisting artificial leather and rubber band, this is as the rubber band waist of trousers of fold, and can vast scale flexible, have black matsurface, they also are to meet solarization face.When meeting flat roof when descending (arrow and double dot dash line are represented in by figure), vapour barrier just stretches, but still keeps the isolated flat roof temperature difference up and down of meeting.

40 of Fig. 1 pulls lift, and it is to support the device of meeting flat roof 20 (or 21) lift adjustment declination inclination angle and convenient loading and unloading material.The stereogram that it is arranged among Fig. 2, in order to see balance staff O clearly and centering block 42 is one, centering block 42 is connected with sleeve 43, so strut socket 41 is drawn as disconnection, connects with double dot dash line.Fig. 3 is the lift fundamental diagram, (centering block is for manufacturing process and form and position tolerance precision and establish, so in schematic diagram, omit), balance staff O is in the axis of sleeve 43 and free to rotate in strut socket 41, strut 44 can freely be gone here and there in sleeve 43, the left end of strut with meet flat roof 20 usefulness hinge pin A hinges, meet flat roof 20 with axle 23 and its pedestal 22 hinges.Hang one now and pull cucurbit (in stereogram 45) on balance staff O, its hoisting-chain 46 hooks the B end (Fig. 3) of strut 44, and pulling lifting chain makes B close to O, and then OA is elongated, props up to meet flat roof 20 and rise; Oppositely draw high descending chain, make B and O away from, fall meeting under the effect of flat roof gravity.

This structural advantages: be well suited for power supply and do not have ensure the area, this pull the long position stability of lift and the electric power screw lift about the same, and the structure utmost point simplifies, cost is very low.

Fig. 2, below meeting flat roof 20 southeastward, the 22nd, pedestal (each one in east, west is arranged, only see among the figure in the east), it with axle 23 with meet the flat roof hinge, and meet flat roof with lift 40 formation three-point supports; The 24th, the trunnion axis hermatic door of opening, remaining hermatic door is represented all closing; The 25th, heat resistant plastice sponge sealing strip pushes against the glass metope of meeting flat roof east, both sides, west with its elastic force, and when flat roof was met in lifting, sealing strip kept isolated upper and lower temperature difference transmission; The 26th, insulation film, it loosely sticks on following the meeting of each track frame and shines below the table frame, and the temperature difference that the flat roof top and bottom are met in protection forms.

Fig. 4 southeastward sees one jiao that is seen from the below of meeting flat roof.The 20th, meet flat roof; The 20a axle bed is welded in to meet and shines below the table frame; 20b is a major axis, is a little steel pipe; 20c is a rocking arm, and it and major axis 20b are connected; 20d is a diagonal control arm, and each uses the movable hinge of bearing pin and rocking arm 20c and fork 27b its two ends; 20e is flat connecting rod and each the fork 27b movable hinge of bearing pin.20g is a stretching wire, improves frame stiffness and bearing capacity, (fork 27b is welded on the track frame 27 Fig. 5, Fig. 6).A major axis 20b is by the whole diagonal control arm 20d that meets flat roof three grades (or level Four) of rocking arm 20c interlock, flat connecting rod 20e as can be seen from Figure 4; Part dress one handle 20f just can handle all fork 27b and swing synchronously so where just this system of bars takes up an official post, and this has just reached the purpose that no electricity also can in time be adjusted uniaxiality tracking.

How desire to know the adjustment degree, available " getting instant result " method, as near the hermatic door handle 20f 24, make transparent organic glass hermatic door (or the bright polycarbonate sheet of full impregnated into, 120 ℃ of heatproofs), a little bar is fixed in suitable place on the track frame in this again, makes the geometrical plane perpendicular to track frame, see through transparent hermatic door like this and see bar shadow position, just understand the degree of adjusting.This device does not belong to focus tracking, need not accurate tracking, even do not adjust tracking in 80 minutes constantly especially at noon, can obviously not influence yet; What tan by the sun is three-dimensional material after all, is not the plane of pure theoretical property; But it is necessary having a tracking inclination angle (equaling the material angle of repose) to meet to the sun at morning, sunset when the sun is low; Can keep this inclination angle static always to sunlight perpendicular to the solarization face of meeting till (if afternoon then static close on) to the sun, half morning to morning, in the afternoon in, just carry out the higher adjustment of frequency this time in the half afternoon.

Fig. 5 represents opening encapsulation door 24, is exactly track frame 27 in the door, and 27a is an axle sleeve, and 27b is a fork, and 20a is an axle bed, and 20g is the steel wire of stretch-draw, and 20K is a semiaxis; Fig. 6 is a

track frame

27, and 27a is an axle sleeve, and 27b is a fork, and 27c is middle longitudinal tubule (L tubule), and 27d is a curved steel tube; Fig. 7 is the end view drawing of bamboo wooden frame (being the material frame) 28, its b=75cm, length=120cm, 28a be central longitudinal to bamboo reinforcement, its cancave cambered surface is downward, just in time with the 27c of track frame 27 in the middle of steel pipe match, can slide as guide rail; Two places are recessed along d about the bamboo wooden frame, just in time rest track frame about on two 27d curved steel tubes.Fig. 8 is the position relation of track frame 27 and bamboo wooden frame 28, and 27a is an axle sleeve, and 27b is a fork, and 20h is the part frame of meeting flat roof 20, and 20j is the semiaxis installing plate, and 20k is a semiaxis.When bamboo wooden frame 28 was packed into 27 li of track frames, the bamboo wooden frame of packing into earlier refilled second and pushes fully inward, has just pushed into the end to first; Opening encapsulation door during discharging is pulled out bamboo wooden frame of collar extension, with a short bamboo rod (being about 75cm) that gib head is arranged, the hook in the inside is gone out again.Preferably drop to meeting flat roof that to be lower than level discharging meeting light this moment.

Fig. 9 is an air preheating chamber 30, the 31st, charcoal layer, the 32nd, bamboo wood Curtain joist, its north-south is the joist bar of shop vertically, each finger of like left hand inserts to intersect between each webs of the right hand to surpass and closes, this super degree of closing can be drawn back a bit or surpass and close to such an extent that more hold together a bit, the area change when the joist bar adapts to the adjustment inclination angle with this principle.

The 33rd, southern glass wall, the 34th, western glass wall, the 51st, glass roof, the 1st, valve.

Figure 10 is solar energy highly effective simple drier profile and broken section.The 30th, air preheating chamber, the 1st, valve, 50 steel pipe tripods, 51 glass roofs, 20 meet flat roof, in 63 bilayers every glass wall, 20k semiaxis, 40 lifts, 45 chain blocks, 44 struts, 41 strut sockets.

Purpose of the present invention is conceived to the isolated area, changes money less, and the wound benefit makes every effort to good and cheap.Advantage:

1, simple and easy preheating of charcoal layer and tracking mode air preheat improve gas flow temperature, speed, strengthen and meet the flat roof evaporation efficiency; 2, double as is met solarization face, and flat roof is met on the long slope of the terraced fields shape of the vapour barrier linking number platform spreading that can stretch, and carries out work in combination and forms very strong hot gas fluid layer " stack effect ", also can not carry out the drying running so there is electricity; 3, form with major axis, rocking arm, connecting rod, fork system, artificial synchronization modulation uniaxiality tracking prolongs light application time, has expanded drying capacity, so there is not operational effect under the electric situation is equipped with electric power more than prior art effect height; More apparent superior facility when 4, electricity being arranged: drive high temperature hot gas stream with blower fan and carry out the air-dry ground floor of accumulation of heat double as and be contained in material in the bamboo wooden frame, can reach fashionable dress and change in meeting flat roof the opportunity for the treatment of, do not continue to tan by the sun to attain loading and unloading by mistake; Utilize evening storage heater heat energy still can operate, travel day and night; 5,, make the notion of the waste gas on waste heat gas backstreaming recirculation and close ground to outdoor row with extremely simple and effective adjustable air splitter plate 61; What 6, loading and unloading tedded artificial is all meeting the beneath face of flat roof, so need not tan by the sun under the sunlight in glass room; 7, be equipped with the utmost point and simplify reliable, non-electric lift, convenient loading and unloading and adjustment declination inclination angle; 8, adopt the glass room of " solar energy half glass sheet house novel structure ", cost is low, and very high luminous flux is arranged; 9, the glass roof of " solar energy flat glass house novel structure ", even damaged by natural calamity can not hurt sb.'s feelings yet, because the daylighting of the glass curtain wall of it and homalographic top is light doubly a lot, not only from heavy and light, the high-tensile steel wires (aluminum-zinc alloy anticorrosion) that stretch-draw is in length and breadth arranged again are as structural member, and to shine layer very near apart from meeting, and fall down also not produce tangible acceleration of gravity and just met flat roof and blocked, and the people is all the time meeting face work under the flat roof, so safety.

The advantage of bamboo wooden frame:

1, compared with the prior art, without wheel, be to utilize bamboo and the little characteristic of tube fraction power as meeting solarization material frame and airing materials frame with the bamboo wooden frame, labor and material saving alleviates deadweight; 2, be convenient to the sky frame and be inserted in superimposedly mutually, take up space less; 3, people from mountain area can gather materials on the spot, and does it yourself to make; No matter 4, pack into and be placed on behind the material in the track frame or on the terrace, stressed being evenly distributed, not fragile; 5, thermal capacitance is little, and thermal insulation is not very poor, from heavy and light; 6, during indoor carrying material, can hold under the arm between the waist of oxter.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is a solar energy highly effective simple drier longitudinal profile full figure.

Fig. 2 be in the room, southeastward see first meet flat roof below structure and pull lift.

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that pulls lift.

Fig. 4 is a jiao that flat roof is met in expression, shows the control device of artificial adjustment single-shaft tracking system.

Fig. 5 track frame from the hermatic door installed inside of opening, and also is that the bamboo wooden frame pushes the place of meeting solarization.

Fig. 6 is the track frame stereogram.

Fig. 7 is bamboo wooden frame (being a material frame) end view drawing.

Fig. 8 is the position relation of track frame and bamboo wooden frame.

Fig. 9 is the charcoal layer air preheating chamber.

Figure 10 is the profile and the partial sectional view of solar energy highly effective simple drier.

Claims

1. a solar energy highly effective simple drier comprises solar energy flat glass house novel structure, the secondary air preheating, meet flat roof and its not electricity consumption more than 2, and with artificial synchronization modulation single-shaft tracking system, connect the vapour barrier of meeting flat roof, storage heater, the outer arranging device of the utilization of waste hot air and waste gas.

2. solar energy highly effective simple drier according to claim 1, it is characterized in that regularly can adjusting the charcoal layer air preheating chamber 30 at latitude inclination angle, and its bamboo wood Curtain joist 32, wherein the joist bar is vertically shop, north-south, each finger of this like left hand inserts to intersect between each webs of the right hand to surpass and closes, this super closing can two pulls out a bit or superly closes to such an extent that more hold together a bit, the area change when the joist bar just adapts to adjustment latitude inclination angle with this principle.

3. solar energy highly effective simple drier according to claim 1, it is characterized in that not electricity consumption and with the track frame 27 of artificial synchronization modulation uniaxiality tracking, fork 27b, what link to each other with fork has a diagonal control arm 20d, flat connecting rod 20e, the movable hinge of the other end of diagonal control arm 20d and rocking arm 20c, the other end of rocking arm is connected in major axis 20b, major axis 20b interlock all track frames at different levels.

4. require 1 or 3 described solar energy highly effective simple driers according to claim, it is characterized in that second level air preheat layer corrugated surface 35, it is with the track frame uniaxiality tracking; Corrugated surface 35 is to be made by thin metal skin, and spectrum selective paint is arranged above.

5. solar energy highly effective simple drier according to claim 1 is characterized in that the balance staff O of lift 40 is fixed on sleeve 43 both sides, and can be present and rotate in 41, the upper end of the strut 44 that can freely go here and there in the sleeve 43 and meet the flat roof hinge; The chain block effect makes the B end of strut 44 close to balance staff O, and just make and meet the flat roof rising, otherwise, meet flat roof and descend with deadweight.

6. solar energy highly effective simple drier according to claim 1, the end that it is characterized in that Fig. 6 track frame 27, be long rectangle Tian-shaped, the guide rail of a middle steel pipe 27c double as bamboo wooden frame (material frame) when pushing or pulling out, the both sides of long rectangle respectively burn-on curved steel tube 27d double as railing and guide rail.

7. according to claim 1 or 6 described solar energy highly effective simple driers, it is characterized in that bamboo wooden frame 28 (Fig. 7) double as tans by the sun and air-dry dual-purpose container, the cancave cambered surface of its vertical bamboo reinforcement in bottom surface is downward, and just in time the middle steel pipe 27c with track frame 27 matches, and plays the guide rail effect; The following d of the left and right sides edge of bamboo wooden frame just in time rests on two curved steel tubes of track frame, also plays the guide rail effect.

8. solar energy highly effective simple drier according to claim 1, it is characterized in that retractable vapour barrier 36,37 all has the solarization face of meeting effect concurrently, and scribble coating or the color that absorbs sunlight, isolate the conduction and the linking number platform of meeting the flat roof temperature difference up and down and meet flat roof, form long slope high temperature hot gas fluid layer, strengthen stack effect, promote the evaporation drying effect.

9. according to claim 1 or 8 described solar energy highly effective simple driers, it is characterized in that under the roof of north wall of Fig. 1 valve 3 being arranged, just open valve 3 when not having electricity, allow great hot gas fluid layer row heavenwards, do not have the air two-stage preheating of electricity → continue to tan by the sun, intensification and the enhanced water evaporation → hot-air heavenwards that rises automatically → arrange along long slope whereby on the way; Reaching no electricity also can efficiently operate.

10. solar energy highly effective simple drier according to claim 1, the energy that it is characterized in that Fig. 1 is the flow distribution plate 61 of deflection adjusting angle up and down, and ramp cycle and waste gas row are outdoor more more preferably to separate the waste heat gas backstreaming.