CN101115609B - 用于超声波焊接系统的间隙调整 - Google Patents

用于超声波焊接系统的间隙调整 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101115609B
CN101115609B CN2005800458540A CN200580045854A CN101115609B CN 101115609 B CN101115609 B CN 101115609B CN 2005800458540 A CN2005800458540 A CN 2005800458540A CN 200580045854 A CN200580045854 A CN 200580045854A CN 101115609 B CN101115609 B CN 101115609B
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China
Prior art keywords
bight
anvil
gap
power
stop part
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN2005800458540A
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CN101115609A (zh
Inventor
萨蒂德尔·K·纳亚尔
唐纳多·S·奥布拉克
约翰·R·姆利纳
保罗·M·费蒂格
唐纳德·L·泊察尔特
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3M Innovative Properties Co
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3M Innovative Properties Co
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Publication of CN101115609A publication Critical patent/CN101115609A/zh
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/92Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/924Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/9261Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/92651Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the displacement of the joining tools by using stops
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B29C65/083Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations using a rotary sonotrode or a rotary anvil
    • B29C65/085Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations using a rotary sonotrode or a rotary anvil using a rotary sonotrode
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8126General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81261Thermal properties, e.g. thermal conductivity, thermal expansion coefficient
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/818General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps
    • B29C66/8185General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/82Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
    • B29C66/824Actuating mechanisms
    • B29C66/8242Pneumatic or hydraulic drives
    • B29C66/82421Pneumatic or hydraulic drives using an inflatable element positioned between the joining tool and a backing-up part
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/834General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/8341Roller, cylinder or drum types; Band or belt types; Ball types
    • B29C66/83411Roller, cylinder or drum types
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/912Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9121Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
    • B29C66/91231Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature of the joining tool
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • B29C66/91421Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the joining tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • B29C66/91431Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature the temperature being kept constant over time
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/92Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/924Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/9241Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force or the mechanical power
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/92Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/924Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/9261Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/92611Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the gap between the joining tools
    • B29C66/92613Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the gap between the joining tools the gap being kept constant over time
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
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    • B29C66/951Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools
    • B29C66/9515Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools by measuring their vibration amplitude
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/95Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94
    • B29C66/951Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools
    • B29C66/9516Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools by controlling their vibration amplitude
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/96Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process
    • B29C66/961Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process involving a feedback loop mechanism, e.g. comparison with a desired value
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B29C65/081Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations having a component of vibration not perpendicular to the welding surface
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B29C65/083Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations using a rotary sonotrode or a rotary anvil
    • B29C65/086Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations using a rotary sonotrode or a rotary anvil using a rotary anvil
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B29C65/083Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations using a rotary sonotrode or a rotary anvil
    • B29C65/087Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations using a rotary sonotrode or a rotary anvil using both a rotary sonotrode and a rotary anvil
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/818General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps
    • B29C66/8181General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects
    • B29C66/81811General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects of the welding jaws
    • B29C66/81812General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects of the welding jaws the welding jaws being cooled from the outside, e.g. by blowing a gas or spraying a liquid
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/92Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/929Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools characterized by specific pressure, force, mechanical power or displacement values or ranges
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/95Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94
    • B29C66/951Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools
    • B29C66/9511Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools by measuring their vibration frequency

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于调整超声波焊接系统中的角部(700)和砧台(704)之间的间隙的系统和方法,包括邻近砧台放置角部从而在角部和砧台之间建立间隙的行为。力施加到角部,从而向砧台推进角部。可变形止挡件(718)放置在一个位置,使得可操作性连接到角部的元件(716)邻接可变形止挡件,并使止挡件变形。推进力在角部操作期间被反复调整,由此调整可变形止挡件的变形程度,并维持角部和砧台之间的间隙基本不变。

Description

用于超声波焊接系统的间隙调整 
技术领域
本发明涉及一种确定振动主体和固定点之间的间隙的方法和系统,并尤其涉及基于振动主体的谐振频率达到这种确定的系统和方法。 
背景技术
在超声波焊接(有时称作“声学焊接”和“声波焊接”)中,将要接合的两个部分(通常为热塑性部分)邻近用于传递振动能的称为超声波“角部(horn)”的工具放置。这些部分(或“工件”)在角部和砧台之间受限。时常,角部垂直放置在工件和砧台上方。角部通常在20,000赫兹到40,000赫兹振动,在压力作用下通常以磨擦力热的形式将能源转移到这些部分。由于磨擦热和压力,这些部分的至少其中之一的一部分变软或熔合,由此接合这些部分。 
在焊接过程期间,交流电(AC)信号供应给角部堆(horn stack),其包括转换器、增压器和角部。转换器(还称为“换能器”)接收AC信号并通过在等于该AC信号的频率处压缩和膨胀进行响应。因此,声波穿过转换器行进至升压器。当声波传播经过升压器时,其被放大并由角部接收。最后,波前传播经过角部,并传到工件上,由此将它们焊接在一起,如上所述。 
另一类型的超声波焊接是“连续超声波焊接”。这种类型的超声波焊接典型用于封闭织物和薄膜,或其它的“网状”工件,其能以通常连续的方式供给经过焊接装置。在连续焊接过程中,超声波角部通常静止且将被焊接的部分在其下方移动。一种类型的连续超声波焊接使用旋转式固定的杆状角部和旋转砧台。工件供给在杆状角部和砧台之间。角部通常向工件纵向延伸并且振动沿着角部轴向行进进入工件。 
在另一种类型的连续超声波焊接中,角部为旋转型,其是圆柱形且关于纵轴旋转。该输入振动在角部的轴向上,且输出振动在角部的径向上。角部放置在砧台附近,其通常还能旋转使得将要焊接的工件以线性速度经过圆柱表面之间,其基本等于圆柱表面的切线速度。这种类型的超声波焊接系统在美国专利No.5,976,316中进行了描述,其全部内容引入作为参考。 
在上述的每种超声波焊接技术中,将要接合的工件在焊接过程期间放置在角部和砧台之间。焊接的一种方式是通过固定角部和砧台之间的间隙。当它们正在接合时,角部和砧台之间的间隙产生适当支撑工件的夹紧力。为了产生统一和可靠的焊接操作,期望维持角部和砧台之间的间隙不变。 
在操作过程中,角部堆的一个或多个组件,包括角部、它本身,通常经受温度升高。因此,角部堆通常经受热膨胀。当角部堆膨胀时,角部和砧台之间的间隙减小--结果对前述的产生统一和可靠的焊接操作的目标有害。 
如上文所指出的,现存的超声波焊接方案中存在的缺点在于角部堆和砧台之间的间隙在连续焊接操作期间变得更窄。 
发明内容
与背景技术相对,产生了本发明。该方法包括将角部邻近于砧台放置,从而在角部和砧台之间建立一个间隙。力施加到角部,从而向砧台推进角部。可变形止挡件被放置在一个位置,使得施加的推进力使操作性连接到角部的元件邻接可变形止挡件,并使止挡件变形。推进力在角部操作期间被反复调整,由此调整可变形止挡件的变形程度,以及维持角部和砧台之间的间隙基本不变。 
依照另一实施例,系统包括一个安装部,该安装部包括平移元件 和固定的弹性可变形止挡件。角部耦接到超声能量源。角部操作性连接到平移元件。砧台通过一个间隙与角部分离。施力器配置成向砧台推进角部,并通过改变角度使操作性耦接到角部的元件接触弹性可变形止挡件并使其变形,使得角部和砧台之间的间隙在系统操作期间基本保持不变。 
还根据另一实施例,该系统包括通过安装系统与砧台分离的角部。超声能量源耦接到角部。该系统还包括用于在角部经受热膨胀的同时将所述分离程度基本维持在不变的长度的装置。 
附图说明
图1描述耦接到能源的简单超声波焊接角部堆的一个实施例。 
图2描述耦接到图1的超声波焊接角部堆的安装系统的一个实施例。 
图3描述用于确定在角部和砧台之间的间隙的长度的系统的一个实施例。 
图4A描述可以用作间隙确定单元的一部分的表格的一个示意性实施例。 
图4B描述确定间隙长度的方法的一个示意性实施例。 
图5A描述用在连续超声波焊接操作中的简单旋转超声波焊接角部的一个实施例。 
图5B描述确定间隙长度的方法的一个示意性实施例。 
图6描述用于维持焊接角部和砧台之间的间隙基本不变的系统的一个示意性实施例。 
图7描述用于调整焊接角部和砧台之间的间隙的系统的一个示意性实施例。 
图8A描述用于维持在超声波焊接系统中的角部和砧台之间的间隙基本不变的系统的一个示意性实施例。 
图8B描述用于维持在超声波焊接系统中的角部和砧台之间的间隙基本不变的系统的另一示意性实施例。 
图9A描述力确定单元的一个示意性实施例。 
图9B描述力确定单元的另一示意性实施例。 
图10描述用于调整在超声波焊接系统中的角部和砧台之间的间隙的系统的一个示意性实施例。 
图11A描述通过沿着角部纵轴传播的声信号驱动的角部表面。 
图11B描述当信号沿着角部的纵轴传播时,由比图11A的幅度更小的声信号驱动的角部表面。 
图12A描述用于控制角部和砧台之间的间隙的系统的一个示意性实施例。 
图12B描述用于控制角部和砧台之间的间隙系统的另一示意性实施例。 
图13描述用于组合调节器和幅度确定模块的操作的方法的一个示意性实施例。 
图14描述组合调节器和幅度确定组件的操作的方法的另一示意性实施例。 
具体实施方式
下面将参考附图详细描述本发明的各种不同的实施例,其中贯穿几个附图中的相同的附图表示相同的部分和部件。参考各种不同的实施例不会限制本发明的范围,其只由所附的权利要求的范围限制。另外,在本说明书中提出的任一例子的意图并不在于限制而只是提出请求保护的本发明的多个可行的实施例。 
图1描述耦接到电源102的AC源的简单角部堆100的例子。如从图1中可以看出,角部堆100包括转换器104、升压器106和超声波焊接角部108。在操作期间,AC源将电源提供给转换器104,这通过在等于AC信号的频率处压缩和膨胀而对其响应。因此,声波行进经过升压器106的转换器104。当声波前进经过升压器106时,其被放大,且由焊接角部108接收到(在一些实施例中,角部的108被设计成获得一个增益,而不需要升压器106)。最后,波前传播经过角部108,因此它被给予放置在焊接角部108和砧台110之间的工件(未在图1中示出)。角部堆的其它例子为本领域已知,且和下列其中公开的系统、方案和方法一起起作用。 
角部108通过图1中标记的“间隙”的距离与砧台110分离。将磨擦能给予工件的过程使角部堆100的各种不同元件升温。当角部堆100的元件升温时,它们表现出热膨胀,意味着在角部108和砧台110之间的间隙尺寸上可以根据角部堆100安装的特殊的方式改变。 
图2描述图1的角部堆100的简化的示意性安装方案。安装方案利用硬的、通常三部分的框架。框架包括在其上装有砧台110的第一部分202,和在角部堆100上邻接到节点的第二部分206。例如,框架的第二部分206在图2中示为耦接到升压器106的中点208。框架的第三部分204在第一部分202和第二部分206之间延伸。 
安装系统200维持砧台110的支撑工件表面210和角部堆100的部分之间的距离基本固定。在这种情况下,安装系统200维持在砧台110的上表面210和升压器106的中点/节点208之间的距离基本固定。因此,如果角部堆100在操作期间膨胀,则角部堆100从升压器106的中点208沿着堆100的纵轴向外膨胀,如在图2中标记为“膨胀”的箭头所指出。可以理解多种其它安装系统也可以维持在砧台110的上表面210和角部堆100的部分之间的距离基本固定,且这种其它的安装系统也在本申请的范围内。 
给定图2的安装布置,转换器104和升压器106的上部的热膨胀对间隙长度没有作用(因为相对于框架接合堆100的点208的这些元件的位置,这些元件向上自由膨胀,即远离砧台110)。另一方面,间隙长度受到升压器106的下部膨胀和角部108膨胀的影响——当这些元件膨胀时,它们向砧台110膨胀,而间隙缩短。 
依照一个实施例,维持转换器104和升压器106的温度基本不变。例如,转换器104和升压器106可以由冷却系统冷却,例如通过将相对冷却的气流循环进入转换器104和升压器106的表面的扇子,从而基本维持它们的温度,并由此基本抑制它们的热膨胀。因此,依照这种实施例,在角部堆100的长度方向上的任何变化可以看作基本由于焊接角部108的膨胀。 
此外,依照一些实施例,角部108由冷却系统冷却,从而抑制或者减少它在操作期间加热的倾向。通常,这种方案不会完全消除角部的108的热膨胀,意味着它仍然表现出某一程度的热膨胀,这应该进行解决,如果间隙长度维持基本不变。 
已知给定主体的长度与给定主体的谐振频率成反比。另一种描述是,当主体的长度增长时,它表现出较低的谐振频率。因此,当角部堆100的长度增长时,当发生时,例如,由于热膨胀,它表现较低的谐振频率。具体地,主体的长度l与它的谐振频率f有关,通过下列的公式: 
l ≈ Elρ 2 f ,
其中E代表物体的弹性模量,而ρ代表物体的密度。如果物体是化合物(例如,由多个部分组成或者具有由不同材料等制成的不同部分),E和ρ可以是代表材料特性所分配的值,考虑到它的各个不同的部分(例如,可以是加权平均等)。 
根据一些实施例,能源102检测角部堆100的谐振频率f,为了产生等于其中的频率的AC信号。例如,能源102可以将表示具体的峰峰值电压(均方根电压)的正弦信号传送给角部堆100。当保持正弦曲线信号的峰峰值(或者RMS)电压不变时,能源102调整信号的频率,并找 出角部堆100汲取最少电流的频率-该频率是角部堆100的谐振频率。因此,每个这种实施例,堆100的谐振频率可以从能源102中获得。依照其它的实施例,堆100的谐振频率可以通过用检测器观察堆100来检测。 
当获得角部堆100的谐振频率时,堆100的整个长度可以通过以与上述的谐振频率对角堆长度的物理原理相似的方式获得。假定转换器104和升压器106被冷却,从而基本因此抑制其上的热膨胀作用,角部堆100的长度可以与间隙长度有关。例如,依照图2的方案,角部108的间隙长度和长度1,与下面的等式有关: 
间隙长度≈D-l, 
其中间隙长度近似于代表在角部108的顶端和砧台110的支撑工件表面210之间的长度的几乎不变的值。 
图3描述用于确定在焊接角部108和砧台110的支撑工件表面210之间的间隙的长度的系统。图3的系统包括将声信号传递给角部(和升压器)302的超声波电源300(例如,将AC信号传递给转换器的电源,其依次将信号转换成声波)。超声波电源300由控制器电路控制,例如通过与储存控制超声波电源300操作的固件/软件的存储装置数据通信的处理器。或者,控制电路可以具体实施为基于硬件的控制环。无论如何,超声波电源300的控制器识别角部堆的谐振频率,并命令其中的电源信号产生电路以与转换器合作而产生等于其中频率的声信号。电源300内的控制器可以接口到间隙确定单元304。 
间隙确定单元304接收角部堆的谐振频率,并产生与间隙长度保持已知的关系的量。依照一个实施例,间隙确定单元304是在耦接到存储单元的处理器上运行的软件模块。该间隙确定单元304可以在与控制超声波电源300的固件在其上运行的处理器相同的处理器上运行。 或者,它可以在与其数据通信的不同的处理器上运行。无论如何,由间隙确定单元304运行的软件/固件可以根据参考图4A-5B讨论的方案(在下面)执行。 
依照其它可选的实施例,间隙确定单元304可以接收来自除了超声波电源300之外的来源的角部堆的谐振频率。例如,系统可以包括检测器306,其观察角部堆、测量其中的谐振频率,并与间隙确定单元304通信谐振频率。在下面的讨论中,可以假定谐振频率源于超声波电源300,只是为了举例的目的。 
图4A描述间隙确定单元304可以操作的方案。间隙确定单元304可以包括储存在存储装置中一张表格400。表格400根据谐振频率构造,并使间隙长度G与谐振频率f有关。因此,当接收到谐振频率f时,间隙确定单元304使用谐振频率来访问表格400,并确定对应于谐振频率f的间隙长度G。例如,假定间隙确定元304接收频率f2作为输入,则单元304通过访问表格400进行响应以识别对应于频率f2的行。当识别出行时,返回间隙长度在其中进入的G2。可选择地,表格400可以被访问以确定角部堆100的长度L,或确定与间隙长度保持已知关系得任一其它的量。假定间隙确定单元304接收值fx作为输入,并假定fx 落在连续表格条目之间(即,fi<fx<fi+1),间隙确定单元304接着可以访问表格400以获得间隙长度值Gi和Gi+l,并和可以插在两个值之间以达到对应于谐振频率fx的间隙长度。 
在表格400的各种不同的条目可以通过启发程序事先构成,其中角部堆100的长度和间隙的长度在表格400内对每个频率f记录。或者,在表400的各种不同的条目可以与上述相似的模式通过事先计算而构成。 
图4B描述另一方案,其中间隙确定单元304可以操作理论上的计算。例如,间隙确定单元304可以通过接收角部堆100的谐振频率f, 开始其操作,如操作402所示。其后,单元304基于谐振频率通过计算角部的108的长度L进行响应,例如通过使用基于在下面的操作404中示出的等式的物理原理使用等式。最后,如操作406所示,基于从利用的安装方案中产生的特殊的几何约束的知识,单元304可以使在操作404中确定的长度L与间隙长度相关。例如,在图2的安装方案的情况下,可以发现间隙长度如下: 
间隙长度=D-L, 
其中D代表在角部108的顶端和砧台110的支撑工件表面210之间的距离,而L代表角部的长度。 
图5A描述用于连续超声波焊接的焊接角部500的例子。其中的角部500包括角部500可以关于其旋转的纵轴502。角部500受到安装系统(未在图5A中描述)的约束,从而维持在角部和砧台504之间的间隙。角部堆可以安装在系统上的任何的节点处。角部的纵轴502基本平行于砧台504的支撑工件表面506。 
基于角部堆的谐振频率确定在角部和砧台之间的间隙的长度的上述原理适用于图5的角部500。当材料热膨胀时,它们各方向等比例膨胀。因此,在图5B中描述的下列技术,可以用来确定角部和砧台之间的间隙长度。 
最初,如操作508中所示,角部堆的谐振频率被接收。其后,角部的502的长度L以上述相似的方式(操作510)基于频率确定。如前所述,图5A的角部堆被冷却以便转换器(未在图5A中示出)和升压器(未在图5A中示出)在操作期间保持在基本不变的温度,由此抑制它们的热膨胀和在系统谐振频率上的作用。 
因为角部500各方向等比例膨胀,所以在它的长度L和它的半径 B之间的比率保持不变。因此,在计算角部502的长度之后,它的半径可以用长度与上述比率B的乘积得到,如操作512所示。最后,间隙长度可以通过从半径减去在角部500的纵轴和砧台504的支撑工件表面506之间的距离D确定,如操作514所示。 
应当指出,关于图5B描述的方法的结果可以储存在一张表格内,如图4A所示。因此,间隙长度或与其中保持已知关系的任一值,可以基于角部堆的谐振频率而通过访问这种表格获得。 
图6描述基于观察的砧台之间的间隙,用于维持角部和砧台之间的谐振频基本不变的控制系统。该系统包括,角部堆600和耦接到其中的电源602。依照一个实施例,电源602确定角部堆600的谐振频率,如上所述。 
耦接到角部堆的是位置调节器606。位置调节器606在输入信号的控制之下或靠近砧台或远离砧台调整角部堆600。已知的关系存在于递送到调节器606及其响应的输入信号之间。位置调节器606与控制信号发生器604数据通信。控制信号发生器604接收角部堆的谐振频率作为输入,并产生递送到位置调节器606的控制信号。给定角部堆600的谐振频率和在位置调节器606及其输入信号之间的响应的关系,则控制信号发生器604产生维持在砧台和角部堆之间的间隙基本不变的一个控制信号。 
控制信号发生器604可以实施为控制器电路,例如与根据上述原理储存固件/软件的存储装置数据通信的处理器。其可选地实施为产生前述控制信号的ASIC,从而维持间隙基本不变。在下面的公开内容中,公开了位置调节器的一个特殊实施例。不必使用下面公开的位置调节器而用于实施本发明。而且,说明书的前序部分指向根据角部堆的谐振频率确定角部的长度或间隙的长度的特别方法。依照其它的实施例,这种确定可以通过测量角部堆或它的各个部件的温度达到。 
图7描述用于调整角部和砧台之间的间隙的系统的一个示意性实施例。其中的系统包括定向在砧台704的支撑工件表面上的角部700。角部700刚性耦接到框架706。框架706包括啮合接收器710的滑部708,使得框架706和角部700可以竖直平移。 
框架706还包括通过一对元件714耦接到框架706的力接收盘712。该力通过施力器施加到力接收盘712(未在图7中示出)。力将角部700向砧台704推进。力的方向用箭头713指示。力有使接触表面716邻接弹性可变形止挡件718的作用。在弹性可变形止挡件718上施加的力导致止挡件718变形,并由此表现出向下偏转(即,沿着砧台704的方向偏转)。通常,施加到盘712的力越大,止挡件718表现出向下的偏转越大。止挡件718表现出的偏转越大,角部700和砧台704之间的间隙也越小。 
为了维持在角部700和砧台704之间的间隙不变,可以利用下列的方案。虽然角部700的温度不升高,但是初始力施加到盘712,导致角部700和砧台704之间的间隙建立在一个“理想”长度。当角部700在操作期间热膨胀时,间隙变得更小。为了抵消这个作用,施加到盘712的力减小,导致止挡件718表现更少的偏转,意味着角部700和框架向上平移(即,远离砧台)。因此,角部700和砧台704之间的间隙可以通过对控制到盘712施加的力而基本维持不变。为了保证方案的功能,施加到盘712的这个初始的力应该幅度足以使止挡件718表现出偏转,其至少在程度上与将被抵消的热膨胀大小相同。 
可变形止挡件714具有弹性,且优选有一相对高模量的弹性。通过选择有相对高模量的弹性材料,建立一种环境,其中需要偏转止挡件714的力与处理力(即,由角部在工件上作用的力)相比更大。这种布置提供易于控制的设计。依照一个实施例,止挡件714可以是用钢或另外的适当材料做成。依照一个实施例,在止挡件714上作用的力不 会引起其中的材料超过它的弹性范围(即,止挡件714将会在撤消力时回到它的最初形状)。进一步,依照一个实施例,止挡件714展示出与施加到其中的力成比例的偏转,即,在施加到止挡件714的力和由此展示的偏转度存在线性关系。 
图8A描述与图7的调整系统一起使用的控制系统的一个例子(下面描述的图8A的各种不同单元804-810可以实施为储存在计算机可读介质中并可由处理器执行的软件,或可以实施为专用硬件,例如一个或多个专用集成电路,或现场可编程门排列。更进一步,就设计选择而言单元804-810可以合并或分开)。如从图8A可以看出,系统包括耦接到超声波电源802的来源的角部800。间隙确定单元804确定在角部800和砧台之间的间隙(未在图8中示出)。依照一个实施例,间隙确定单元804获得来自电源802的角部堆的谐振频率,且从中确定间隙。依照另一实施例,间隙确定单元804通过其中的观察检测角部800的谐振频率。还依照另一实施例,通过测量角部的温度、从中推出角部长度、以及根据角部长度得到间隙长度,间隙确定单元804得到间隙长度。 
间隙确定单元达到的间隙长度供应给力确定单元806。力确定单元806确定要作用在框架(例如,在图7中的盘712)上的力,从而维持间隙长度基本不变。由间隙确定单元806达到的力供应给控制信号发生器808。控制信号发生器808产生控制信号,并将控制信号与施力器810通信。施力器810展示出在接收的控制信号和其施加的力之间的已知关系。因此,控制信号发生器808根据该关系产生控制信号。 
图8B描述间隙确定单元804和力确定单元806的示意性实施例(下面描述的图8A的各种不同单元804-810可以实施为储存在计算机可读介质中并可由处理器执行的软件,或可以实施为专用硬件,例如一个或多个专用集成电路,或现场可编程门排列。更进一步,就设计选择而言单元804-810可以合并或分开)。如从图8B可以看出,间隙确定 单元804包括长度确定单元812和间隙检测单元814。长度确定单元812接收角部堆的谐振频率,且应用参考图4A和4B描述的方法的其中之一而找出角部长度。之后,角部的长度由间隙探测单元814接收到。间隙探测单元814得到间隙长度,其借助于角部的长度和安装方案强加的特别的几何形状知识(例如,间隙长度可以等于在从角部的顶端到工件支撑表面的长度和角部的长度之间差,Gap=D-L)。 
在得到间隙长度后,这个值提供给力确定单元806。该力确定单元806达到施加到框架的力,从而使间隙保持基本不变。达到的力是在其它的事物中的函数,止挡件的长度Lstop,止挡件的弹性的模量E,止挡件的横截区域A,确定单元804,在间隙所达到的初始间隙长度和间隙确定单元804所达到的长度之间的差Δ,以及装配的系统偏转。 
图9A描述力确定单元806可以操作的方案。力确定单元806可以包括储存在存储装置中的表格900。表格900依照谐振间隙长度G组织,并使力F和间隙长度G有关。因此,当接收到间隙长度G时,力确定单元806使用间隙长度访问表格900,并确定对应于间隙长度G的力F。例如,假定力确定单元806接收间隙长度G2作为输入,则单元806通过访问表格900响应以识别对应于间隙长度G2的行。当识别出行时,返回进入其中的F2。可选择地,表格900可以被访问以确定将被递送到施力器810的控制信号C,或确定与作用在框架上的力保持已知关系的任何其它的量。假定力确定单元806接收Gx作为一个输入,并假设Gx落在连续的表格条目(即,Gi<Gx<Gi+1)内,则力确定单元806接着可以访问表格900以获得力值Fi和Fi+1,且可以插入在两个值之间以达到对应于间隙长度Gx的力。 
在表格900中的各种不同的条目可以通过启发式程序事先构成,其中将被施加到框架的力和对应于其中的控制信号在表格900内对每个间隙长度G经验式确定。或者,在表格900中的各种不同的条目可以类似于下面参考图9B描述的方式通过理论计算构成。 
图9B描述力确定单元806可以操作理论上计算的另一方案。例如,力确定单元806可以通过接收由确定单元804计算的间隙长度CG开始它的操作,如在操作902中所示。之后,单元806通过计算在初始间隙IG和计算的间隙CG之间的差值,如在操作904中所示。这个差值Δ,是指止挡件的偏转必须减小以使间隙返回其初始长度所依据的量。因此,在操作906中,将被施加到框架新的力Fnew可以通过对其中示出的等式中的Fnew求解来实现。 
图10描述用于调整在角部和砧台之间的间隙的系统的另一示意性实施例。焊接系统1010有固定到支撑表面1017的焊接系统1030,和固定到支撑表面1018的砧台1021。焊接系统1030包括角部1032,其可以由角部支撑1020支撑并相对于表面1017可动,固定止挡件1055有相对于表面1017固定的支撑盘1056,和可膨胀的气动气囊1061。 
气囊1061用来施加力以将角部支撑1020和角部1032向砧台1021移动;力通过调整在气囊1061中的气压控制。当表面1025接触止挡件1055时,支撑盘1056在施加的力作用下略微偏转。 
在一个特定的例子中,焊接期望的产品的最小可允许的力是600磅(大约272千克),其可以由在气囊1061中的30psig(大约207kPa)的气压产生。期望的固定间隙是0.0020英寸(大约0.05毫米)。 
在用钛制的角部操作的过程中,可以确定温度将会从室温增加最大值50°F(大约27.7℃),这将会使角部长度增加0.0010英寸(大约0.025毫米)。结果,角部1032和砧台1021之间的间隙减少为0.0010英寸(大约0.025毫米),如果没有进行补偿。支撑盘1056的偏转已知为每675磅力(大约306千克力)是0.0010英寸(大约0.025毫米)。因此,用室温角部施加的力一定至少是1125磅(大约510千克),或60psig(大约414kPa)。当角部操作且长度增加时,施加的气压从60psig(大约414kPa) 减少到30psig(大约207kPa)以保持在角部和砧台之间的间隙不变。 
一种焊接装置,总的配置成利用可变形止挡件装配控制砧台和角部之间的距离,包括具有固定止挡件的砧台、角部以及安装的施力器从而能够施加力以靠着固定的止挡件挤压,使得固定止挡件的弹性变形在角部和砧台之间的间隙提供好的控制。装置可以包括感测系统以监测角部的特定属性并控制施加到角部的力,从而将在角部和砧台之间的间隙保持固定的值,即使特定的属性发生变化。监测的属性可以是例如角部温度、长度或振动频率。 
可使用变形但固定的止挡件来补偿角部长度由于热膨胀的增加,还能与旋转砧台、静止砧台、旋转角部、静止角部或其中的任何组合一起使用。 
在使用过程中,将要接合的工件会放置在角部和砧台之间,能源将施加到角部,且角部会被激励,而力会施加到角部以靠着角部推进固定的止挡件,使得固定止挡件的弹性变形提供对角部和砧台之间的间隙更好的控制。 
为了使用如上所述的方法,可以为系统确定数据,然后将其代入用于特别单元控制系统的等式。申请人已经用上述系统的下列方法,但是该方法能施加到不同结构的其它系统。等式可以使用工程原理或使用来自各个系统的测量数据。 
等式2-5最适宜于两个变量的线性系统。等式的斜率和截距由来自系统的最适宜的测量数据经验性确定。测量在变量之间的关系能相似地产生任一特别系统的斜率和截距。优选的是,系统在操作区域中表现线性,但是如果系统是非线性,则可以使用二阶的或者更高阶的等式。 
申请人已经发现并在超声波焊接期间使用下面描述的用于控制间隙的方法。 
首先,对于如上所述的旋转的超声波系统,确定下列的参数: 
(1)角部直径=6.880” 
(2)环境温度°F=65°F 
(3)环境温度下的频率=19.986KHz 
(4)间隙被设定时的压力=72.5psig 
(5)用于处理的间隙设定点=2密耳(1密耳=0.001英寸)角部的材料属性也是已知的, 
(6)热膨胀的系数,α 
α=5.4×10-6degF/英寸/英寸 
α=5.4×10-5degF/英寸/英寸 
当系统被激励并操作时,角部温度将会增加。因此下一步,确定什么会是温度Tfinal,其中当连续焊接时不会有间隙余下(即,2.0密耳间隙变到零,例如在角部和砧台之间接触)。这个温度可以通过对等式1求解得出: 
(等式1) 
T final = ( 2 * IG * 10 - 3 D * α )
在等式1中,Tfinal是间隙消失的温度,IG是当系统建立并且没有处于操作时设定和测量的初始间隙(以密耳为单位),D是旋转角部的外部直径,而α是角部材料的热膨胀系数。使用铝角部的上述输入对等式1求解得出温度为172.7deg F,其中间隙将会在操作期间根据角部的加热变到零。因此,如果角部加热到172.67°F,则不会余有间隙。因此对温度有一个上限。对于任一给定系统的上限可以使用旋转系统 的等式1解出。本领域技术人员将会理解相似的等式源自其它的几何形状,且能确定避免间隙消失的上限操作温度。 
由于难以测量在角部的动态谐振状态下的温度,申请人使用给出间接但正确的温度测量的替代品。代替直接测定温度,角部频率通过在操作期间测量角部频率确定,然后使用下列的等式2确定温度: 
(等式2)λmin=-0.0017*Tfinal+20.096 
在等式2中,λmin是角部在间隙达到零之前可以操作的最小频率,线性方程的系数已经通过实验经验性确定。对等式2求解得出输入参数,当角部频率下降至少于19,802赫兹时间隙将会变成零。因为角部频率是能使用本领域技术人员使用的标准设备容易测量的参数。使用等式1和2,可以确定旋转系统的最小操作频率,其将会防止间隙闭合,这将会导致产品损害以及由于接触对角部和/或砧台有害。 
使用等式1和2,现在有能力使间隙与温度有关和温度与频率有关。因此,可以使间隙与频率有关。在正常操作期间,当材料在间隙(或者尖端)中时,难以测量间隙,但是使用上述原理,频率可以用来确定间隙。角部频率和在角部和砧台之间的间隙之间的关系能使用下面等式3(可以作为频率函数的间隙求解或反之亦然)确定: 
(等式3)λ=0.0965*间隙+19.7925 
在等式3中,λ是角部频率,且间隙以密耳(1密耳=0.001英寸)测量。对1密耳的间隙求解等式3给出频率为19,889赫兹。注意:现在有一种方式确定间隙作为频率的函数变化。使用由等式1-3由此确定的数据,施加到角部/砧台布置的力能被控制以当在焊接操作期间角部的温度和频率变化时,保持操作间隙不变。 
为了控制间隙并保持其为恒定的操作值,施加到系统的压力被控制,由此当它在操作期间加热时补偿角部的热膨胀。回到上述的例子,当间隙减到1密耳时,需要减少作用在系统上的压力以便系统能保持或者返回2密耳的初始间隙设定。因此,为了补偿热膨胀,压力减少以使间隙回到2密耳。 
为了适当地减少压力,首先需要确定压力和频率之间的关系,如下面的等式4所示: 
(等式4)P补偿=-367.3404*λ+7412.7731-P设定点
其中P补偿在系统上的压力(每方寸计量的磅值)减小,λ是从等式3确定的频率,而P设定点在初始间隙设定点的压力。 
例如,使用上述参数,可以确定当由于角部由于热膨胀而膨胀1密耳时,需要移动的压力减少回复到2密耳的初始间隙。 
例子:如果间隙变成1密耳,需要的压力补偿是多少? 
首先,从等式(3)计算1密耳的间隙频率(即19.889赫兹,如前所述)。然后将该值代入等式4,得到: 
P补偿=-367.3404(19.889)+7412.7731-72.5 
            =106.7399-72.5 
P补偿=34.24psig(操作压力的减少量) 
在已经确定了压力以补偿热膨胀之后,可以验证什么是压力补偿的间隙。这个间隙应该粗略等于初始间隙加上由于热膨胀的间隙变化。为了验证,首先压力和间隙之间的关系由下面的等式5确定: 
(等式5)P补偿=35.461*(间隙@压力补偿)+142.205 
例如,在34.24psig(从等式4)的压力补偿,可以重新布置等式5并解出间隙: 
间隙@压力补偿=(34.24-142.205)/-35.461=3.045密耳 
因此,因为初始间隙设定在2.0密耳且间隙变化是1密耳,所以可以确认模型。因此,为了补偿在操作期间由于角部加热产生的1密耳膨胀,可以打开间隙1密耳,由此回复初始的2.0密耳间隙。 
因此,使用上述用于确定操作参数的等式(或为了线性角部或其它几何形状导出它们的等量),能确定旋转超声波焊接过程的操作极限。例如,使用等式1和间隙设定点(目标)的值得出操作温度限度。超声波角部的操作频率限度使用等式2并使用来自等式1的温度限度值得出。间隙变化的频率使用等式3并将间隙值作为输入得出。间隙变化的温度使用等式2得出,但使用从等式3确定的频率值。间隙变化的压力补偿使用等式4但使用来自等式3的频率值得出。在压力补偿(在周围温度)的间隙使用等式5得出,但是使用来自等式4的压力补偿值。 
还有另一种方案,其中可以控制在角部和砧台之间的间隙。如前所述,在超声波焊接的情况下,角部由声信号驱动,通常范围在20,000到40,000赫兹内。图11A描述当声波沿着它的纵轴传播时的角部的表面1100。声波的传播方向用箭头1102指示。从图11A中可以看出,当声波沿着角部的纵轴传播时,角部表面的1100被扰动,且因此表现出直立波形1104。直立波形1104表现出峰峰值幅度,称作角部表面表现的“移位”。峰峰值幅度或表面移位是沿着角部传播的声信号幅度的函数。当然,声信号幅度是供给到耦接到角部的转换器的电信号的幅度的函数。因此,角部表面1100表现的移位是传递给转换器的电信号的幅度的函数。典型地,传递给转换器的电信号的幅度越大,沿着角 部传播的声信号的幅度越大;沿着角部传播的声信号的幅度越大,在角部表面1100上表现的移位越大。 
如从图11A可以看出的,角部表面1100和砧台1106表面之间的间隙是移位的函数。当角部表现出更大的表面移位时,角部表面和砧台表面之间的间隙减小。 
在更进一步进行之前,要指出图11A和11B没有依比例画出,而且其中的一些特征,例如表面移位已经为了例示而过分放大(典型的角部可以表现出大约2-3密耳表面移位,例如当在正常情况下操作时)。 
为了讨论的目的,在图11A中示出的仿真表面移位信号的电压的幅度称为Amplitude1。图11B描述11A的角部表面1100,当在由具有幅度Amplitude2(Amplitude2小于Amplitude1)的电压信号仿真时其出现。如从图11A和11B之间的比较可以看出,当仿真角部的电压信号的幅度减小时,角部表面1100和砧台1106之间的间隙增大,因为角部表面1100没有向砧台移位很大。 
如前所述,在典型的焊接操作期间,角部可以表现出例如3密耳级别的表面移位。然而,焊接操作可以产生满意的产品,即使表面的移位被减少例如33%也可以。因此,每一上述的例子,焊接操作可以用表现出只要2密耳的移位的角部执行。接着,其跟随焊接操作可以使用足够幅度的电信号初始化来仿真3密耳表面移位。在操作期间,角部经受热膨胀,意味着当砧台向角部膨胀时,在角部和砧台之间的间隙减小。为了抵消这种作用,可以减弱仿真角部电信号的幅度,从而产生小于初始3密耳的表面移位,由此维持间隙基本不变。当然,在需要至少2密耳移位以生产一种适当的产品的操作情况下,电信号不应该被减弱到角部表面表现出少于需要的2密耳的移位的程度。 
用于控制角部和砧台之间的间隙的系统的示意性实施例在图12A 中示出。从图12A可以看出,系统包括角部1200(其依次包括转换器和升压器),这由来自电源1202的AC电源的电信号提供。电源1202与角部1200与间隙确定组件1204通信谐振频率(如前所述,电源1202检测角部堆的谐振频率并在该频率驱动角部堆)。 
间隙确定组件1204基于如前所述的谐振频率确定间隙的长度(或者,可以确定间隙的变化,或可以确定与角部的长度保持已知关系的任一其它值)。之后,间隙长度(或其中的变化)供给幅度确定模块1206。作为响应,幅度确定模块识别将由电源传递的电信号的适当幅度,从而维持间隙基本不变。幅度可以从一张查询表格中得到,或可以通过计算得到。由此确定的幅度与控制信号产生模块1208通信,其产生适当的指令或者控制信号而使电源1202调整信号的幅度至幅度确定模块1206选择的幅度。 
如前所述,每个模块1204-1208可以实施为专用硬件,例如彼此合作的一个或多个ASIC。或者,模块1204-1208可以实施为储存在存储器中并由其中通信的处理器运行的软件/固件。如果实施为固件/软件,组成模块1204-1208的指令可以由相同的处理器运行,或为了设计选择起见可以由多个处理器运行。 
控制角部和砧台之间的间隙的系统的另一示意性实施例在图12B中示出。图12B的系统利用间隙可以调整的两个不同方案:(1)控制角部、它本身的位置;和(2)控制角部表现出表面移位量。如从图12B可以看出,系统包括角部1210(其依次包括转换器和升压器),这由来自电源1212的AC电信号提供。电源1212与间隙确定模块1214通信角部1210的谐振频率(如前所述,电源1212检测角部堆的谐振频率并在该频率处驱动角部堆)。 
间隙确定模块1214基于如前所述的谐振频率确定间隙的长度(或者可以确定间隙的变化,或可以确定与角部的长度保持已知关系的其 它任一值)。之后,间隙长度(或其中的变化)供应给幅度确定模块1216和调节器1220。调节器1210是能改变角部位置的系统,如在图7和10中显示的调整系统,其通过改变角度而改变弹性止挡件的变形来调整角部的位置。如在图12A的实施例中的情形,幅度确定模块1216识别将由电源传递的电信号的适当幅度,从而维持间隙基本不变。然而,幅度确定单元1216与调节器1220合作以共同调整位置和/或调整由电源1212供应的AC信号的幅度,从而获得基本维持间隙不变的最终目标。 
例如,依照一个实施例,幅度确定单元1216和调节器1220依照在图13中描述的方法操作。如其中所示,两个模块1216和1220接收来自确定单元1214的间隙长度,或在其中的变化,如在操作1300中所示。其后(假定在实施例中,其中调节器1220包括靠着有弹性可变形止挡件推进角部的施力器),幅度确定单元1216从调节器1220接收由此施加的力(操作1302)。下一步,如操作1304所示,力与焊接操作可接收的力的下限相比。如果力仍然高于上限,那么调节器1220确定施加所需要的力的新的力,且由此调整力(操作1306)。另一方面,如果力已经达到下限,那么力不应该进一步减少,且控制传给操作1308,其中可以确定表面移位的幅度是否已经达到其下限。如果否,控制被传给操作1310,因此幅度确定模块1216识别将由电源递送的电信号的适当幅度,从而维持间隙基本不变。由此确定的幅度与控制信号产生模块1218通信,其产生适当的指令或者控制信号以使电源1212调整信号的幅度至幅度确定模块1216选择的幅度。另一方面,如果表面移位的幅度已经到达其下限,那么控制传给操作1312,并产生报警以指出间隙不能维持在恒定的长度而既不减小它的可接受限度下的处理力、也不减小在它的可接受限度下的角部的表面移位。 
虽然图13的操作已经描述为由幅度确定模块1216执行,但是操作可以由在图12B中描述的任一模块运行,或可以由指定为协调幅度确定模块1216和调节器1220操作的另外的模块运行。 
进一步,可以注意到,在操作1302中,调节器1220可以将角部的位置与图13的方法的模块通信。然后,在操作1304中,角部位置可以与表示调节器1220的能力的位置极限相比以撤回来自砧台的角部。换言之,在操作1304中,可以确定调节器1220是否已经撤回来自砧台的角部,如调节器1220能够做到的那样。 
依照另一实施例,幅度确定单元1216和调节器1220依照在图14描述的方法操作。如其中所示,两个模块1216和1220接收来自间隙确定单元1214的间隙长度,或在其中的变化,如操作1400所示。之后(假定在实施例中,其中调节器1220包括靠着有弹性可变形止挡件的推进角部的施力器),幅度确定单元1216从调节器1220接收由此施加的力(操作1402)。下一步,如操作1404所示,可以确定表面移位的幅度是否已经达到其下限。如果否,控制传给操作1406,因此幅度确定模块1216识别将由电源1212递送的电信号的适当幅度,从而维持间隙基本不变。由此确定的幅度与控制信号产生模块1218通信,其产生适当的指令或者控制信号以使电源1212调整信号的幅度至幅度确定模块1216选择的幅度。另一方面,如果角部表现的表面移位的幅度已经到达其下限,那么力不应该进一步减小,并且控制传给操作1408,其中可以确定在操作1402期间接收到的力值是否是焊接操作的可接受的力的下限。如果力仍高于上限,那么调节器1220确定施加所必需的力,而且由此调整力的新的力(操作1410)。另一方面,如果力已经到达其下限,那么控制传到操作1412,并产生报警以指出间隙不能维持在固定的长度而既不减小它的可接受限度下的处理力、也不减小在它的可接受限度下的角部的表面移位。 
虽然图14的操作已经描述为由幅度确定模块1216运行,但是操作可以由在图12B中描述的任一模块运行,或可以由指定专用于协调幅度确定模块1216和调节器1220的操作的另外的模块运行。 
而且,可以注意到在操作1402过程中,调节器1220可以与执行图14的方法的模块通信角部的位置。然后,在操作1408中,角部的位置可以与表示调节器1220的能力的位置限度比较以从砧台撤回角部。换言之,在操作1408中,确定调节器1220是否已经从砧台撤回角部,如调节器1220能够做到的那样。 
当阅读和理解用于控制超声波焊接系统的前面的过程时,本领域技术人员将会理解用于系统的间隙控制能通过测量角部的操作频率实现,以及调整力,例如,控制间隙的压力。对于任何角部的几何形状,能够导出或经验性地确定具体的等式,包括线性的和旋转的角部。 
上面描述的各种不同的实施例只是以实施例的方式提供而不应该构成限制本发明。本领域技术人员将很容易认识到,可以对本发明进行各种不同的修改和变化,而不限于在此例示和描述的实施例和申请,并且不会背离由下列的权利要求限定的本发明的精神和范围。 

Claims (24)

1.一种用于超声波焊接系统的间隙调整的方法,包括:
将角部邻近于砧台放置,从而在角部和砧台之间建立一个间隙;
将力施加到角部,由此向砧台推进所述角部;
将可变形止挡件放置在一个位置,使得施加的推进力导致操作性连接到角部的元件邻接所述可变形止挡件,并使所述止挡件变形;以及
在所述角部操作期间反复调整推进力,从而调整所述可变形止挡件的变形程度,并维持角部与砧台之间的所述间隙基本不变,其中,基于所述角部的谐振频率监测角部和砧台之间的所述间隙。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,还包括基于所述角部和砧台之间的间隙计算调整的推进力。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中所述调整的推进力还基于所述可变形止挡件的刚度。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,还包括基于所述角部的温度监测角部和砧台之间的间隙。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述将推进力施加到角部包括使操作性连接到所述元件的气囊膨胀。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法,还包括基于所述角部和砧台之间的间隙确定与调整的推进力保持已知关系的量。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法,其中所述确定与调整的推进力保持已知关系的量的行为包括访问一个表格以获得对应于所述间隙的调整的力。
8.根据权利要求6所述的方法,其中所述确定与调整的推进力保持已知关系的量的行为包括访问一个表格以获得对应于间隙的控制信号值。
9.一个用于超声波焊接系统的间隙调整的系统,包括:
安装部,包括平移元件和固定的弹性可变形止挡件;
角部,该角部耦接到超声能量源,所述角部操作性连接到所述平移元件;
砧台,通过一个间隙与角部分离;以及
施力器,配置成向砧台推进角部,以及通过改变角度使操作性耦接到所述角部的元件接触所述可变性止挡件并使其变形,从而使得在所述角部和砧台之间的所述间隙在系统操作期间基本保持不变,其中,基于所述角部的谐振频率监测所述间隙。
10.根据权利要求9所述的系统,其中所述施力器包括操作性连接到所述元件的可膨胀气囊。
11.根据权利要求9所述的系统,其中所述弹性可变形止挡件包括一个钢制主体。
12.根据权利要求9所述的系统,其中所述弹性可变形止挡件表现出一个偏转,该偏转基本与施力器施加的力成比例。
13.根据权利要求9所述的系统,其中所述角部有一个纵轴,所述砧台有一个工件支撑表面,其中所述角部的纵轴基本垂直于所述砧台的支撑表面。
14.根据权利要求9所述的系统,其中所述角部有一个纵轴,所述砧台有一个工件支撑表面,且其中所述角部的纵轴基本平行于所述砧台的支撑表面。
15.根据权利要求9所述的系统,其中所述施力器施加响应于控制信号的力,且其中所述系统还包括配置成将控制信号传递给所述施力器的控制器。
16.根据权利要求15所述的系统,其中所述控制器包括处理器和存储器,且其中所述存储器储存一组指令,当执行该指令时,使处理器执行下列的行为:
确定角部长度的变化;
基于所述的长度变化,确定所述角部与砧台之间的间隙;以及
基于所述间隙,确定由施力器施加的力。
17.根据权利要求16所述的系统,其中所述存储器还存储一些指令,当运行该指令时,使所述处理器确定将被传递到所述施力器的控制信号。
18.一个用于超声波焊接系统的间隙调整的系统,包括:
支撑部件;
角部安装框架,该角部安装框架以可移动方式连接到所述支撑部件;
角部,该角部耦接到超声能量源,并且该角部操作性连接到所述角部安装框架;
砧台,通过间隙与所述角部分离;
施力器,配置及构造用于沿朝向所述砧台的方向在所述角部安装框架上施加力,以使所述角部安装框架相对于所述支撑部件沿朝向所述砧台的方向移动;
包括悬臂梁部分的弹性可变形止挡件,所述悬臂梁部分包括固定到所述支撑部件的第一端和接触所述角部安装框架的第二端,其中所述弹性可变形止挡件配置和构造成当所述施力器沿朝向所述砧台的方向在所述角部安装框架上施加力时,所述悬臂梁部分的第二端沿远离所述砧台的方向在所述角部安装框架上施加力,并且其中所述梁部分的第二端沿朝向所述砧台的方向偏转;以及
控制器,构造用于将控制信号传递给所述施力器,以便在操作期间随着所述角部膨胀而减小所述施力器施加的力,从而减小所述悬臂梁的第二端偏转的量,并允许所述角部安装框架相对于所述支撑部件沿远离所述砧台的方向移动,以维持所述角部和所述砧台之间的间隙恒定。
19.根据权利要求18所述的系统,其中所述弹性可变形止挡件包括一个钢制主体。
20.根据权利要求18所述的系统,其中所述弹性可变形止挡件表现出一个偏转,该偏转基本与施力器施加的力成比例。
21.根据权利要求18所述的系统,其中所述角部有一个纵轴,所述砧台有一个工件支撑表面,其中所述角部的纵轴基本垂直于所述砧台的支撑表面。
22.根据权利要求18所述的系统,其中所述角部有一个纵轴,所述砧台有一个工件支撑表面,且其中所述角部的纵轴基本平行于所述砧台的支撑表面。
23.根据权利要求18所述的系统,其中所述控制器包括处理器和存储器,且其中所述存储器储存一组指令,当执行该指令时,使处理器执行下列的行为:
确定角部长度的变化;
基于所述的长度变化,确定所述角部与砧台之间的间隙;以及
基于所述间隙,确定由施力器施加的力。
24.根据权利要求23所述的系统,其中所述存储器还存储一些指令,当运行该指令时,使所述处理器确定将被传递到所述施力器的控制信号。
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KR20070090980A (ko) 2007-09-06
JP2008526516A (ja) 2008-07-24
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