CN101114012B - 包括悬置在外真空罐内的致冷剂容器的低温恒温器 - Google Patents

包括悬置在外真空罐内的致冷剂容器的低温恒温器 Download PDF

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CN101114012B
CN101114012B CN2007101370805A CN200710137080A CN101114012B CN 101114012 B CN101114012 B CN 101114012B CN 2007101370805 A CN2007101370805 A CN 2007101370805A CN 200710137080 A CN200710137080 A CN 200710137080A CN 101114012 B CN101114012 B CN 101114012B
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suspension members
vacuum tank
cryogen vessel
outer vacuum
cryostat
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M·霍布斯
N·曼
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Abstract

本发明提供包括通过装置悬置在外真空罐(4)内的致冷剂容器(2)的低温恒温器，包括：至少一个安装在外真空罐的外表面上的一个外壳(20)，并且外壳布置为行使地面安装脚的功能，用于支撑致冷剂容器和外真空罐的重量；至少两个安装在外壳内的安装点(26，30)；及至少两个悬置元件(22，23)，为上悬置元件(22)和下悬置元件(23)，至少两个悬置元件(22，23)中的每个在相应的安装点(26；30)和致冷剂容器上的相应的点之间延伸通过外真空罐的表面内的孔(32)。

Description

包括悬置在外真空罐内的致冷剂容器的低温恒温器
技术领域
本发明涉及在容器内悬置物品的装置，更具体地涉及在外真空罐内悬置致冷剂容器的装置。这种装置用在容纳用于诸如磁共振成像(MRI)或核磁共振(NMR)系统之类的成像系统的磁体中。然而，本发明发现在需要致冷剂容器在真空填充的外容器内悬置的任何应用中的应用。
背景技术
图1示出了用于核磁共振(NMR)或磁共振成像(MRI)系统的传统的螺线管磁体装置的横截面图。许多超导线的线圈缠绕到线圈架1上。所得到的组件容纳在致冷剂容器2内部，致冷剂容器至少部分填充在致冷剂的沸点的液体致冷剂2a。线圈从而保持在其临界点以下的温度。
图1还示出了外真空罐4和热屏蔽件3。众所周知，这些用来把通常包含液体致冷剂2a的致冷剂容器2与周围大气热隔离。固体绝缘体5可以放置在外真空罐4和热屏蔽件3之间的空间内。提供一定尺寸的中心孔腔4a以允许要成像的病人或其他对象进入。
传统上，许多支撑元件7在致冷剂剂容器2和外真空罐4之间连接，以支承致冷剂容器的重量。这些可以为可拉伸的带子、可拉伸的杆、带条，压缩支柱或任何已知的适于这个目的的元件。元件应具有很低的热传导率。为了最小化从通常在环境温度下的外真空罐4至致冷剂容器2的流入热量，这是重要的。悬置元件通常穿过热屏蔽件3内的孔。相似地，或替代地，可以提供悬置装置以保持热屏蔽件3。
共同未决的英国专利申请GB2426545描述了在这种系统中使用的支撑带条的尤其有利的装置。
通常，地面安装系统需要安装脚6或相似部分接附到外真空罐以总体上支撑系统的重量。
传统装置的缺点来源于外真空罐4必须承载所有需要用来支撑致冷剂容器2和它的容纳物的力的事实。外真空罐4在所示系统中是最大的部件，并且必须由厚的材料制成，以支撑这种重的负荷。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供替代的支撑装置，其中外真空罐不需要厚的材料，因为其不支承需要用来支撑致冷剂容器，或其他受支撑的装备的力。
本发明因此提供了一种包括通过装置悬置在外真空罐内的致冷剂容器的低温恒温器，所述装置包括：至少一个外壳，其安装在外真空罐的外表面上，并且布置为行使地面安装脚的功能，用于支撑致冷剂容器和外真空罐的重量；至少两个安装在外壳内的安装点；及至少两个悬置元件，其为上悬置元件和下悬置元件，下悬置元件安装在致冷剂容器上的相对高处及安装在相对低地定位在外壳内的安装点上，上悬置元件安装在致冷剂容器上的相对低处及安装在相对高地定位在外壳内的安装点上，该至少两个悬置元件中的每个在相应安装点及致冷剂容器上的相应点之间延伸通过外真空罐的表面内的孔，使得每个悬置元件保持为压缩或张紧，从而支承致冷剂容器的至少部分重量，其中外真空罐被抽空，该外壳或每个外壳以足够气密的方式在该孔或每个相应的孔上构造并密封到外真空罐，以维持外罐内的真空。
附图说明
本发明的上面的和进一步的目的、优点和特征从下面它的某些实施例的描述和附图中将更加显而易见，其中：
图1示出了用于核磁共振(NMR)或磁共振成像(MRI)系统的传统螺线管磁体装置的横截面图；
图2示意性地示出了本发明的原理；和
图3示出了根据本发明的实施例的悬置装置的某些部件的剖面图。
具体实施方式
根据本发明，通过可拉伸的带子、可拉伸的杆、带条、压缩支柱或任何已知的适于这个目的的元件提供了致冷剂容器的悬置。具体地，这些元件在致冷剂容器2和提供在外真空罐的外表面上的外壳之间连接。
图2示意性地示出了本发明的原理，其中外壳以脚20的形式提供，脚提供用于系统的地面安装，并支撑致冷剂容器和外真空罐的至少一些重量。在一些实施例中，单一的外壳(脚)沿着外真空罐4的每个侧面提供。在替代的实施例中，多个外壳(脚)可以沿着外真空罐4的每个侧面放置在选择的位置。选择位置以便总体上提供用于系统的可接受的地面支撑的结合，及在外真空罐4内的用于致冷剂容器2的支撑。
如图2所示，本发明的支撑装置通常包括多个上支撑元件22和多个下支撑元件23。上支撑元件22在致冷剂容器上的相对低的点24和外壳20内相对高的点26之间连接。下支撑元件23在致冷剂容器上的相对高的点28和外壳20内相对低的点30之间连接。
上支撑元件22和下支撑元件23中的任何一个可以布置为保持在张紧下，或压缩中，以便防止致冷剂容器和外真空罐的相对移动，并且支撑致冷剂容器的至少一些重量。
各种支撑元件以计算的角度配置布置，配置根据本领域内普通的技术人员所知道的方法确定，以提供可接受的支撑及对所有可能的方向内的平移和旋转的抵抗的结合。有利地，使用的支撑元件的数量保持为最小，因为每个支撑元件22，23代表从相对高温的外真空罐4至更冷的致冷剂容器2的热传导路径。
在某些实施例中，可以发现以平面配置定位悬置元件是有利的，如需要提供的另外的部件以提供对平移和旋转所需要的抵抗。
在本发明优选的实施例中，悬置元件22，23每个布置为尽可能实际的长，以增加它们的热阻并且从而降低由每个悬置元件运输的热流入。实际上，这意味着下悬置元件23安装在致冷剂容器上的高处28及安装在外壳20上的低处30，而上悬置元件23安装在致冷剂容器上的低处24及安装在外壳20上的高处26。
尽管图2所示的装置仅仅示出了需要在外真空罐4内悬置致冷剂容器2的悬置元件，优选地提供相似的装置用于支撑热屏蔽件3。屏蔽件3比致冷剂容器2和它的内容物轻很多，因此当应用到屏蔽件时，通过避免在外真空罐4上支承的负载从本发明的装置获得的好处不是那么大。然而，本发明的装置允许使用更长、更高耐热的悬置元件22，23，限制热流入至屏蔽件。另外，在致冷剂容器2根据本发明受到支撑的情况下，可以更简单地布置根据本发明的装置的屏蔽件3的支撑，而不在单一的系统内提供两个不同类型的悬置装置。可选地，屏蔽件可以由支撑致冷剂容器2的相同的悬置元件22，23支撑。
图3示出了根据本发明的实施例的外壳20的部分剖面图。外壳布置为行使地面安装脚的功能，用于支撑致冷剂容器和外真空罐的至少一些重量。如所示，致冷剂容器2在外真空罐4内提供。提供了两个热辐射屏蔽件3a，3b并且位于外真空罐4和致冷剂容器2的中间。外壳20在外真空罐4的外表面上提供。孔32在外真空罐的壁内提供，使得诸如可拉伸的带子23a或杆23b的支撑元件能够从外真空罐4的里面通至外壳20的里面。因为外壳20将被抽空，其必须以足够气密的方式构造并密封到外真空罐以维持高度真空。
在所示的实施例中，杆支撑元件23b接附到热屏蔽件3a，3b，同时可拉伸的支撑带子23a接附到致冷剂容器2。孔必须在每个热辐射屏蔽件内提供以允许诸如23a之类的支撑元件支撑致冷剂容器。
安装点30为杆支撑元件23b提供机械支撑。诸如带子23a之类的其他类型的支撑构件将以合适的方式需要替代的安装点。示出了用于下支撑构件22的安装点26，尽管为了清楚，在图中没有示出下支撑构件。
根据本发明，提供了许多外壳20，并且布置支撑构件使得致冷剂容器可以由接附到安装在外真空罐表面上的外壳20的支撑构件支撑。这允许外真空罐自身由薄的、轻的材料构造，因为其不必支承需要机械支撑致冷剂容器的力。外壳20可能由厚的、坚固的材料构造，但与传统方案中结构加强的外真空罐相比，相对便宜和容易制造。
本发明为诸如用于容纳用于核磁共振或磁共振成像系统的超导磁体的外真空罐内的致冷剂容器和/或热屏蔽件提供有利的耐热悬置。
根据本发明，支撑致冷剂容器和/或热屏蔽件的载荷由安装在外真空罐的外表面上的外壳支承。外壳布置为也行使地面安装脚的功能，其为在任何情况下是必要的部件。这使得外真空罐能够合适地制造为具有足够的强度以支承它自身的重量和外部大气压力，而不必需足够的强度来支撑致冷剂容器和/或热屏蔽件。在传统的装置中，已经发现必须通过厚壁，或诸如扶壁，或复板加强板之类的加强装置来加强外真空罐。

Claims (7)

1.一种包括通过装置悬置在外真空罐(4)内的致冷剂容器(2)的低温恒温器，所述装置包括：
至少一个外壳(20)，其安装在外真空罐的外表面上，并且布置为行使地面安装脚的功能，用于支撑致冷剂容器和外真空罐的重量；
至少两个安装在外壳内的安装点(26，30)；及
至少两个悬置元件(22，23)，其为上悬置元件(22)和下悬置元件(23)，
下悬置元件安装在致冷剂容器上的相对高处(28)及安装在相对低地定位在外壳内的安装点(30)上，
上悬置元件安装在致冷剂容器上的相对低处(24)及安装在相对高地定位在外壳内的安装点(26)上，
该至少两个悬置元件(22，23)中的每个在相应安装点(26；30)及致冷剂容器上的相应点之间延伸通过外真空罐的表面内的孔(32)，使得每个悬置元件保持为压缩或张紧，从而支承致冷剂容器的至少部分重量，
其中外真空罐被抽空，该外壳或每个外壳以足够气密的方式在该孔或每个相应的孔上构造并密封到外真空罐，以维持外罐内的真空。
2.根据权利要求1所述的低温恒温器，其中提供两个外壳，每个沿着外真空罐的一个侧面延伸。
3.根据权利要求1所述的低温恒温器，其中沿着外真空罐的每个侧面提供多个外壳。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的低温恒温器，其中悬置元件包括下面中的至少一个：可拉伸的带子、可拉伸的杆、带条、压缩支柱。
5.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的低温恒温器，还包括位于致冷剂容器和外真空罐之间的热辐射屏蔽件(3)，其中在辐射屏蔽件内提供多个孔以允许悬置元件通过其中。
6.根据权利要求5所述的低温恒温器，其中热辐射屏蔽件(3)由悬置元件中的至少一个支撑。
7.根据权利要求5所述的低温恒温器，其中热辐射屏蔽件(3)由至少两个悬置元件(22，23)支撑，为上悬置元件(22)和下悬置元件(23)，下悬置元件安装在热辐射屏蔽件上的相对高处(28)及安装在相对低地定位在外壳内的安装点(30)上，
上悬置元件安装在热辐射屏蔽件上的相对低处(24)及安装在相对高地定位在外壳内的安装点(26)上，
该至少两个悬置元件(22，23)中的每个在相应安装点(26；30)及致冷剂容器上的相应点之间延伸通过外真空罐的表面内的孔(32)，使得每个悬置元件保持为压缩或张紧，从而支承热辐射屏蔽件的至少部分重量。
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