CN101103677A - 一种油菜秸秆培育金针菇的新方法 - Google Patents
一种油菜秸秆培育金针菇的新方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101103677A CN101103677A CNA2007100220285A CN200710022028A CN101103677A CN 101103677 A CN101103677 A CN 101103677A CN A2007100220285 A CNA2007100220285 A CN A2007100220285A CN 200710022028 A CN200710022028 A CN 200710022028A CN 101103677 A CN101103677 A CN 101103677A
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound 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[Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 title claims description 6
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium carbonate Chemical compound 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- 235000021307 wheat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Abstract
本发明提供一种油菜秸秆培育金针菇的新方法，通过秸杆切割粉碎、按特定配比配加棉籽壳、麦麸和碳酸钙，按特定培育流程进行培育，一潮菇的生物转化率达75％以上，即每袋产菇337克以上，比现有技术增产30克/袋～50克/袋，批次周期缩短8天～10天，原料成本下降60％，保鲜度比传统延长1天～2天，经济效益显著，市场竞争优势明显，使用本发明除了具有能就地取材，变废为宝，育菇周期短、成本低，经济性好等诸多优点外，它能彻底解决油菜秸秆还田难和遏制秸秆焚烧污染环境、浪费资源、影响交通的棘手问题。
Description
一种油菜秸秆培育金针菇的新方法
技术领域：
本发明属于油菜秸杆的利用技术领域，尤其涉及利用油菜秸杆培育金针菇 的方法。 背景技术：
长江中下游地区长期以来都采取稻麦或水稻油菜两熟为主体的耕作制度， 该地区也是稻麦或水稻油菜高产地区。随着科技和经济的快速发展，作物秸秆 很少用于燃料、饲料。近些年来，稻麦生产基本实现了全程机械化，稻麦秸秆 在收获时可同时进行灭茬还田；对于油菜籽的收脱目前还只能采用人工收获方 式，要将油菜秸秆还田翻埋还很困难，到目前为止还没有很理想的处理办法， 因此，油菜秸秆的处理是多年来各级政府、农业、环保等部门以及农户普遍关 注而又十分棘手的问题，农业主管部门和农机研究机构等相关部门都在进行油 菜秸秆的综合利用研究，但一直未能寻求到切实有效的解决方法，目前绝大多 数农民在油菜籽收获后都采取就地焚烧的办法来处理油菜秸秆，这样既浪费宝 贵的资源，又严重污染环境，油菜秸秆没得到有效的利用。 发明内容：
本发明的目的是提供一种油菜秸秆培育金针菇的新方法，它既能充分利用 油菜秸杆，使之成为培育金针菇的优质原料，实现变废为宝，消除因焚烧油菜 秸杆对空气造成污染。
本发明所述一种油菜秸秆培育金针菇的新方法，其步骤是： ①将收获后的油菜秸秆切割粉碎成5毫米〜7毫米长的短杆状秸杆，以之作 为金针菇的培育基质原料；
② 用上步获得的短杆状秸秆配加棉籽壳、麦麸和碳酸钙，其配比为：油菜
秸秆26%、棉籽壳49%、麦麸24%、碳酸钙1%;
③ 拌料装袋，将上述配方培养基充分拌匀，培养基含水量掌握在70%左右 进行装袋，每袋装培养基450克；
©灭菌，釆用温度118"高压蒸汽灭菌90分钟；
⑤ 冷却、接种，降温冷却至25"C时进行接种；
⑥ 培养，在温度18°C~23°C，相对湿度70%条件下培育时间25天~30天；
⑦ 催蕾，在温度13°C~15°C，相对湿度85°/。~90%的条件下培育时间12天；
⑧ 抑制，在温度4"C〜5"C条件下保持4天~5天；
(D长菇，在温度7"C〜8"C，相对湿度85%的条件下生长12天 ⑩采收， 一潮菇生物转化率达75%以上，即每袋产菇337克以上。 由于本发明提供了一种油菜秸秆培育金针菇的新方法，它将昔日无用的油 菜秸秆作为培育金针菇的优质原料，经实际培育，用油菜秸秆作为金针菇的营 养基质，能增加孔隙，通透性强，养分分解迅速，菌丝发育生长快，与传统的 玉米粉培育法相比，培育周期只需52天〜55天，而现有培育周期为60天〜65天， 批次周期縮短8天〜10天；用油菜秸秆替代玉米粉，不仅解决了培育金针燕基质 资源紧缺问题，原料成本可节约60%;按本发明培育出的金针薛品质优、产量 高、效益好，利用油菜秸秆作基质培育的金针范品质均匀，上等品率占80%〜82%， 现有水平为70%~75%，保鲜度比传统延长1天〜2天， 一潮菇的产量比传统培育 方法增产30克/袋〜50克/袋，每袋450克基质能出菇337克〜340克，经济效益 显著，市场竞争优势明显，倍受消费者的青睐。使用本发明除了具有就地取材， 变废为宝，育菇周期短、成本低、经济性好等诸多优点外，它能彻底解决油菜 秸秆还田难和遏制秸秆焚烧污染环境、浪费资源、影响交通的棘手问题。它是 新时期，增加农民收入的综合环保型的新技术，它能有效保护农业资源和生态 环境，是一种环保清洁生态良性循环的经济生产模式。
Claims (1)
1、一种油菜秸秆培育金针菇的新方法，其步骤是： ①将收获后的油菜秸秆粉碎成5毫米～7毫米长的短杆状秸杆； ②用上步获得的短杆状秸秆配加棉籽壳、麦麸和碳酸钙，其配比为：油菜秸秆26％、棉籽壳49％、麦麸24％、碳酸钙1％； ③拌料装袋，将上述配方培养基充分拌匀，培养基含水量掌握在70％～72％进行装袋，每袋装培养基450克； ④灭菌，采用温度118℃高压蒸汽灭菌90分钟； ⑤冷却、接种，降温冷却至25℃时进行接种； ⑥培养，在温度18～23℃，相对湿度70％条件下培育25天～30天； ⑦催蕾，在温度13℃～15℃，相对湿度85％～90％的条件下培育12天； ⑧抑制，在温度4℃～5℃条件下保持4天～5天； ⑨长菇，在温度7℃～8℃，相对湿度85％的条件下生长12天； ⑩采收。
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| CN103314741A (zh) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-09-25 | 湖北省农业科学院农产品加工与核农技术研究所 | 一种油菜秆混合配料生物转化香菇的方法 |
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