CN101086216B - 内燃机凸轮轴机油供给系统 - Google Patents

内燃机凸轮轴机油供给系统 Download PDF

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CN101086216B
CN101086216B CN2006101688476A CN200610168847A CN101086216B CN 101086216 B CN101086216 B CN 101086216B CN 2006101688476 A CN2006101688476 A CN 2006101688476A CN 200610168847 A CN200610168847 A CN 200610168847A CN 101086216 B CN101086216 B CN 101086216B
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camshaft
distributing box
cylinder head
oil distributing
annular section
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CN101086216A (zh
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威廉·赖利
马克·扎格特
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02Valve drive
    • F01L1/04Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047Camshafts
    • F01L1/053Camshafts overhead type
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/46Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in preceding subgroups
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01MLUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M9/00Lubrication means having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M7/00
    • F01M9/10Lubrication of valve gear or auxiliaries
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01MLUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M9/00Lubrication means having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M7/00
    • F01M9/10Lubrication of valve gear or auxiliaries
    • F01M9/102Lubrication of valve gear or auxiliaries of camshaft bearings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02Valve drive
    • F01L1/04Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047Camshafts
    • F01L1/053Camshafts overhead type
    • F01L2001/0537Double overhead camshafts [DOHC]
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F01L2001/34423Details relating to the hydraulic feeding circuit
    • F01L2001/34426Oil control valves
    • F01L2001/34433Location oil control valves

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
  • Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

一种内燃机凸轮轴机油供给系统包括配置用于连接到邻接并高于凸轮轴的发动机结构的机油分配器,机油分配器的连接发生在将凸轮轴安装到发动机中之后。安装到机油分配器上的固定环形段和活动环形段进行协作以便在压力下向凸轮轴提供机油,机油可用于控制诸如凸轮轴移相器或凸轮轴轮廓切换机构这样的辅助装置。

Description

内燃机凸轮轴机油供给系统
技术领域
本发明涉及一种为了润滑凸轮轴,或控制诸如凸轮轴正时移相器或凸轮轴轮廓切换机构这样的装置而向内燃机凸轮轴提供基础润滑油,或附加机油的系统。
背景技术
往复式内燃机的凸轮轴通常通过流过发动机汽缸体的机油,如整体凸轮配置的情况,或用流过汽缸头然后流过安装凸轮轴的塔台的机油来润滑。后一系统通常工作得很好,但是在需要用相同的汽缸头供给来构造具有不可调整的气门正时的发动机以及具有凸轮轴移相的发动机的情况下会造成问题。问题产生是因为如果需要凸轮轴移相,则通常需要向凸轮轴移相器提供机油压力信号。这需要在汽缸头中提供诸如阀口和附加的管道来帮助这样的机油压力信号。不幸的是,在只有一部分发动机装备有凸轮轴移相时,在一定范围中构造的每个发动机中为这样的阀门配置提供基础是不必要的开销。
本发明以具有很少的为了提供凸轮轴移相而造成的内在附加成本(如果有的话)来允许使用具有相同的汽缸头的凸轮轴移相,这也降低了未装备有凸轮轴移相的发动机的成本负担。
发明内容
一种内燃机凸轮轴机油供给系统包括配置用于连接到邻接凸轮轴的发动机结构的机油分配器。至少一个延伸穿过机油分配器的给油通道。固定环形段安装到机油分配器上。固定环形段具有与给油通道流体连通的内部圆周机油分配槽。活动环形段安装到机油分配器上,更具体地,安装到固定环形段上。活动环形段与固定环形段协作来包围凸轮轴的有孔的圆柱形表面,以便在压力下向凸轮轴的内部提供机油。机油分配器较佳地具有至少一个电磁阀,电磁阀用于控制进入诸如凸轮轴变相器这样的辅助装置的机油流量。
根据本发明的另一方面,一种将相同的汽缸头铸件用于不具有凸轮轴移相器的基本发动机或者装备有凸轮轴移相器的升级的发动机的方法,包括加工相同的汽缸头铸件以包括机油分配器的安装垫片,及在汽缸头铸件中安装至少一个凸轮轴。该方法还包括将机油分配器安装到选择的发动机的安装垫片上,及将活动的机油分配环形段安装到结合在机油分配器中的固定的机油分配环形段上,使得活动的机油分配环和固定的机油分配环包围至少一个凸轮轴的有孔的圆柱形部分,以便向安装在凸轮轴上的凸轮轴移相器提供机油。
根据本发明的另一方面,分段的机油分配环可以部分地结合在分配器中或由安装到分配器上的供给杆支撑,环形段和供给杆可以通过铰链打开,以便允许在已将凸轮轴和机油分配器安装到汽缸头铸件上之后,将分段环安装到凸轮轴及机油分配器上。
因此,可以只对选择的发动机提供机油分配器,从而提供凸轮轴正时控制,而对一定范围内的所有发动机,不需要包括成本很高的阀硬件。
本发明的其他优点及目标和特征将对本说明书的读者变得显而易见。
附图说明
图1是具有根据本发明的机油供给系统的汽缸头的透视图。
图2是根据本发明的包括固定环形段和活动环形段的机油分配器的透视图。
图3是根据本发明的另一方面的铰接分段环总成的可选实施例。
具体实施方式
如图1所示,汽缸头10装备有机油分配器14,机油分配器14被紧固到汽缸头10上。机油分配器14具有两个电磁阀16,它们向凸轮轴18提供机油压力信号,而凸轮轴18具有安装于其上的凸角22。从上文可知,在具体的发动机应用并不要求可变气门正时控制的情况下,汽缸头10没有凸轮轴移相器60也可以操作,凸轮轴移相器60如所示由链轮64驱动。
机油分配器14的目的是通过在圆柱形表面20上应用可变压力机油,经由凸轮轴18向移相器60提供机油信号,圆柱形表面20在图1中以剖面图示出。圆柱形表面20具有两个从其上伸出的孔21,这两个孔与活动环形段38中形成的圆周机油分配槽46对齐,活动环形段38在图2中详细示出。由电磁阀16控制的机油到达机油分配器14内的给油通道26。每个给油通道26都与活动环形段38中形成的一个圆周机油分配槽46对准。进入圆周机油分配槽46的机油进入凸轮轴18中形成的孔21,并最终沿着凸轮轴18轴向流动,进入移相器60中的一个。通过给油通道26的机油流量由阀16控制。给油通道26中的一个可用于提前凸轮轴正时,而另一个可用于延迟正时。或者,可以一起使用这些给油通道,或在其他控制方案中,可以将给油通道用于控制凸轮轴轮廓切换。给油通道26的确切用法取决于那些希望使用根据本发明的系统的人。
图2示出了本发明的功能属性,即允许在安装凸轮轴18之后将机油分配器14安装到汽缸头10上。因此,将活动环形段38安装在枢轴42上,使得在去除了紧固件44时,活动环形段38可以向下摆动,以便允许机油分配器14,包括活动环形段38和固定环形段30,与凸轮轴18的圆柱形表面20连接。然后,在紧固件44已复位时,固定环形段30和活动环形段38被锁在一起,且可以将机油引导至凸轮轴18中形成的孔21。因为以加工来衡量,在汽缸头10内容纳机油分配器14只需要最小的开销,所以提供包括对具有和不具有凸轮轴相位控制的发动机进行的加工的单个汽缸头铸件在经济上是可行的。因此,根据本发明的方法,可以只对选择的发动机提供机油分配器14,从而提供凸轮轴正时控制,而对一定范围内的所有发动机,不需要包括成本很高的阀硬件,或至少部分铸造和加工的阀体。
图3示出了可选实施例,其中铰接的段和环总成70具有铰链74,该铰链配置为使得一旦紧固件88去除,就可以通过围绕铰链74的轴旋转来开启供给杆78和环部分76。以此方式,铰接环总成70可以通过紧固件88安装到凸轮轴18和机油分配器14两者上,允许机油通过通道82及通道82后面的类似通道(未示出)进入凸轮轴18。
根据本发明的固定环形段和活动环形段可以由金属或非金属材料形成,如塑料、复合材料,或本领域技术人员已知并由本说明书间接表明的其他材料。图3的实施例特别适合以塑料材料实施。
虽然连同其具体实施例对本发明进行了描述,但应理解,本领域技术人员可以做出各种修改、变更和改进而不偏离在下述权利要求中阐明的本发明的精神和范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种内燃机凸轮轴机油供给系统,包括:
配置用于连接到邻接凸轮轴的发动机结构的机油分配器;
延伸穿过所述机油分配器的给油通道;
安装到所述机油分配器上并从所述机油分配器接收机油的固定环形段;及
安装到所述机油分配器上的活动环形段,所述活动环形段具有至少一个与所述给油通道流体连通的内部圆周机油分配槽并与所述固定环形段协作以包围凸轮轴的有孔的圆柱形表面,以便在压力下向凸轮轴的内部提供机油;所述活动环形段可释放以便允许在将所述凸轮轴安装到汽缸头铸件中之后,将所述机油分配器安装到汽缸头铸件和所述凸轮轴上,及将所述活动环形段和固定环形段安装到所述凸轮轴上。
2.如权利要求1所述的机油供给系统,其特征在于,所述机油分配器安装到发动机的汽缸头上。
3.如权利要求1所述的机油供给系统,其特征在于,所述活动环形段通过枢轴连接到所述固定环形段。
4.如权利要求1所述的机油供给系统,其特征在于,所述机油分配器还包括至少一个控制通过所述给油通道并进入凸轮轴的机油流量的阀。
5.一种内燃机汽缸头,包括:
具有至少一个安装于其上的凸轮轴的汽缸头铸件;
安装到所述至少一个凸轮轴上的凸轮轴移相器;
向所述凸轮轴移相器提供控制信号的机油分配器,在基本上高于并邻接所述凸轮轴的位置上将所述机油分配器安装到所述汽缸头铸件上;及
连接到所述机油分配器的分段环,所述分段环包围所述凸轮轴的有孔的圆柱形表面,且所述分段环具有从所述机油分配器接收机油的固定环形段,及活动环形段,可释放所述活动环形段以便允许在已将所述凸轮轴安装到所述汽缸头铸件中之后,将所述机油分配器安装到所述汽缸头铸件及所述凸轮轴上,且将所述分段环安装到所述凸轮轴上。
6.如权利要求5所述的汽缸头,其特征在于,所述活动环形段通过枢轴连接到所述固定环形段。
7.一种内燃机汽缸头,包括:
具有至少一个安装于其上的凸轮轴的汽缸头铸件;
在基本上高于并邻接所述凸轮轴的位置上安装到所述汽缸头铸件上的机油分配器;及
连接到所述机油分配器的铰接的分段环总成,所述分段环总成包围所述凸轮轴的有孔的圆柱形表面,且所述分段环总成具有从所述机油分配器接收机油的供给杆,及连接到所述供给杆的环形段,所述环形段和所述供给杆可以通过铰链打开,以便允许在已将所述凸轮轴和所述机油分配器安装到所述汽缸头铸件上之后,将所述分段环总成安装到所述凸轮轴和所述机油分配器上。
8.如权利要求7所述的汽缸头,其特征在于,所述分段环包括金属铸件。
9.如权利要求7所述的汽缸头,其特征在于,所述分段环是通过塑料铸模形成的。
10.如权利要求7所述的汽缸头,其特征在于,所述机油分配器还包括至少一个控制通过所述供给杆并进入所述凸轮轴的机油流量的阀。
CN2006101688476A 2006-06-07 2006-12-12 内燃机凸轮轴机油供给系统 Expired - Fee Related CN101086216B (zh)

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US11/422,627 US7395802B2 (en) 2006-06-07 2006-06-07 Oil supply for internal combustion engine camshaft

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CN101086216A (zh) 2007-12-12
US7395802B2 (en) 2008-07-08
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US20070283920A1 (en) 2007-12-13
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