CN101080976A

CN101080976A - Corn wheat combine

Info

Publication number: CN101080976A
Application number: CNA200710015136XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李其昀
Original assignee: Shandong University of Technology
Current assignee: Shandong University of Technology
Priority date: 2007-07-10
Filing date: 2007-07-10
Publication date: 2007-12-05
Anticipated expiration: 2027-07-10
Also published as: CN101080976B

Abstract

The combined farm machine for harvesting corn and seeding wheat includes one tractor, one corn ear picking mechanism, one corn stalk crushing mechanism below the corn ear picking mechanism, one wheat no-tillage seeding mechanism and one chemical spraying mechanism comprising one tank, one pump, one hose and one nozzle connected together. The present invention has the corn ear picking mechanism, the corn stalk crushing mechanism, the wheat no-tillage seeding mechanism and the chemical spraying mechanism arranged reasonably on one tractor to complete the corresponding jobs simultaneously. The sprayed chemical can speed the rotting of the stalk.

Description

Corn wheat combine

Affiliated technical field

The invention provides a kind of corn picker results, straw chopping and returning, wheat no-tillage seeding and medicament can realized simultaneously and spray the corn wheat combine of function, belong to agricultural machinery technological field.

Background technology

The corn combine of generally acknowledging can be realized harvest corn and two continuous links of straw chopping and returning simultaneously at present, wherein ear-snapping unit is installed in the place ahead of tractor, the corn conveying plant is installed in the right side of tractor, fringe collecting device is installed in the back upper place of tractor, and straw millstone is installed on the trifilar suspension of the tractor back lower place.

At present the harvest corn device of generally acknowledging comprises ear-snapping unit and fringe collecting device, wherein ear-snapping unit by ceding of Taiwan seam body, pluck the fringe case and snapping bar, dialing-grain unit and rice-pulling chain etc. are partly formed.The ceding of Taiwan hangs on the hook of forward mounting by two back shafts, and its position can be adjusted by the hydraulic handle of tractor, and the fruit ear that main effect will be grown on cornstalk is exactly taken; Ceding of Taiwan seam body is the main body of the ceding of Taiwan, is mainly formed by square steel, angle steel and steel plate seam, and the whole parts in the ceding of Taiwan all are installed on the ceding of Taiwan seam body; Dialing-grain unit is made up of left dialing-grain unit, right dialing-grain unit and middle dialing-grain unit, dialing-grain unit is in operation, pluck fringe with the maize straw of row not being pulled within the snapping bar of machinery, about dial the standing grain device and the left and right sides cover is equipped with tunable arrangement, can adjust synchronously according to the line-spacing needs of different regions, to reach good effect; Dial the standing grain feeding unit and be made up of sprocket wheel and feeding rice-pulling chain, have drawn-steel special-purpose rice-pulling tooth on the rice-pulling chain, the rice-pulling chain rice-pulling tooth of the inside and outside both sides on every trade staggers mutually, and ear-picking unit is helped and guided into to inside and outside rice-pulling chain with corn stem; Ear-picking unit is formed by plucking fringe case and snapping bar, the function of plucking the fringe case is exactly the power that jackshaft is transmitted, pass to snapping bar and intake mechanism, this part mainly is made up of casing, gear and overload clutch etc., each plucks the snapping bar that two varying lengths are housed on the fringe case, the configuration mode of every pair of snapping bar is low early and high after, and is vertically tilting, with 35-40 ° of horizontal line angle; For preventing snapping bar, feeding unit and group standing grain system because of the excessive parts that damage of certain reason resistance, each is plucked overload clutch all is housed on the fringe case, and overload clutch is made up of sprocket wheel, clutch spring and adjustment nut, spring base etc.; Fringe collecting device is made up of devices such as initial elevater, chute, second elevator and maize cob collectors, and its critical piece is an elevator; The elevator of harvest corn part is mainly by the elevator body, and is main, by movable sprocket, chain, compositions such as scraper plate; The elevator body is mainly formed by seam such as steel plate, square steel, angle steel, is the skeleton and the main body of elevator.During work, the power that comes by the jackshaft transmission, by drive sprocket with made paddled conveyor chain row culture transfer movement by movable sprocket.The paddled conveyor chain bar is a bushroller chain, and scraper plate and chain are riveted together, and drive sprocket is in the elevator front lower place, by movable sprocket in the back upper place.By the position of movable sprocket, can be by centre of sprocket apart from adjusting position adjustment, in order to the chain of tensioning paddled conveyor chain.Chute is by the height fall of the initial elevater and second elevator, tiltedly smoothly goes into second elevator.Second elevator also is a scraper-type, and it is configured in the right side (seeing to the tractor direction of advance) of tractor, tilts to be fixed on the preceding ceding of Taiwan and the rear-mounted bracing frame from low to high.The fruit ear that it sends chute here is carried to the back upper place, is thrown into maize cob collector.Maize cob collector is positioned at the tractor back upper place, is fixed on the maize cob collector installing rack with two hinge axis, cover.When the fruit ear trunkful, move unloading valve handle, hydraulic cylinder jacking maize cob collector, rise to certain angle maize cob collector door and open thereupon, fruit ear flows out automatically.Move handle, oil cylinder and maize cob collector whereabouts chamber door after unloading and close automatically, finish unloading.

At present the straw chopping and returning device of generally acknowledging is many by frame, hood, press wheel, swivel knife shaft, fixedly tool rest, flail knife, deflector etc. are formed.Press wheel is installed in the rear lower of hood by sliding bearing; Swivel knife shaft is installed on the hood by rolling bearing, fixedly tool rest is that line evenly is welded on the cutter shaft in the shape of a spiral, moving knife and fixedly tool rest generally by bolted, the both sides and the frame of hood weld together, a plurality of deflectors are welded on the posterior medial of hood, direction is vertical with hood, and identical with the tractor direction of advance.

Conservation tillage is to cover the face of land with a large amount of stalk stubbles, reduces farming, with the novel dry land farming techniques of weed killer herbicide control weeds as far as possible.Say that to a certain extent conservation tillage is a kind of recurrence to nature, it has abandoned becoming custom for many years, think the way that just must turn in the soil, utilizes the conservation of nature soil more fully, recovers soil fertility.When realizing the nonirrigated farmland increasing both production and income, effectively reduce water and soil loss again, suppress the farmland sand, fertilizing soil is realized agricultural sustainable development.In countries such as the U.S., Canada, Australia, Brazil, protective farming technique is promoted fast at present, and in the revolution that is guiding the conventional tillage technology.

In China, the wheat no-tillage seeding device of generally acknowledging comprises compositions such as suppression device, ditching, ridging device, frame, transmission device, seeding apparatus and pedal at present.Frame is to fix the parts of other parts, mainly is welded by square hollow section steel, angle steel etc.Seeding apparatus mainly is made up of seed manure case, fertilizer applicator, seeding unit, seeding fertilizer expelling shaft, seed delivery soft pipe and fertilising flexible pipe etc., the seed manure case is fastened on the top of frame by bolt, fertilizer applicator, seeding unit are connected on fertilizer expelling shaft, the feed shaft by pin respectively, by being bolted to the bottom of seed manure case, seed delivery soft pipe and fertilising flexible pipe are connected on seeding unit and the fertilizer applicator, and the other end is installed on the ditching, ridging device.The ditching, ridging device mainly is made up of plough handle, plough, pad, axle seam body and sliding bearing etc., axle seam body mainly is welded by connecting plate, axle and defeated kind of a fertilizer delivering pipe, plough links together by sliding bearing with axle seam body, link together by bolt with the plough handle, the centre can add pad.Whole ditching, ridging device is fixed on the anterior crossbeam of frame by U-bolt.Pedal is mainly used in the parts at man-hour station, is made up of checkered steel plate and angle steel, on the back girder that is bolted to frame.The suppression device mainly is made up of land wheel, flap and land axle etc., and land wheel is by being bolted on the land axle, and flap is fixed on the land axle two ends by sliding bearing, and whole suppression device is by being bolted on the angle steel below the pedal.Transmission device mainly is to be motive power with the press wheel, by chain drive with transmission of power on feed shaft and fertilizer expelling shaft, drive seeding unit and fertilizer applicator and rotate, mainly form by three groups of chain drive.First order chain drive drive sprocket is installed on the sliding bearing of land wheel axle head, being installed on the angle steel below the pedal by sliding bearing of the first order by movable sprocket and partial drive sprocket, the second level is installed in by the drive sprocket of the movable sprocket and the third level on the sliding bearing of axle head of feed shaft, and the third level is installed in by movable sprocket on the sliding bearing of axle head of fertilizer expelling shaft.Each sprocket wheel and sliding bearing are fixed together by rivet.

At present, harvest corn, straw chopping and returning separate with wheat no-tillage seeding agronomy link and carry out, and this has increased the number of times that tractor enters ground, have increased the mechanical ramming of soil, have had a strong impact on growing of crop; Even more serious is; because the idea of conservation tillage is not rooted in the hearts of the people as yet; add the stalk field effectively also after the pulverizing; the phenomenon of peasant's crop straw burning is more serious; this not only sustainable development such as effectively utilizes to constitute a threat to regenerated resources, but also affects aspects such as takeoff and landing, traffic safety, people's lives and health.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides a kind of can addressing the aforementioned drawbacks, and can realize simultaneously that corn picker results, straw chopping and returning, wheat no-tillage seeding and medicament spray the corn wheat combine of function.Its technical scheme is:

A kind of corn wheat combine comprises the corn picker harvesting apparatus and the straw chopping and returning device that are installed on the tractor, it is characterized in that: straw millstone is shifted to an earlier date, be installed in the below of ear-snapping unit; Set up wheat no-tillage seeding device and medicament flusher, wherein wheat no-tillage seeding device is installed on the trifilar suspension of the tractor back lower place; The medicament flusher comprises liquid medicine case, pump, flexible pipe and shower nozzle, and the liquid medicine case is fixed on the rear portion at tractor seat by U-bolt, and shower nozzle is fixed on the trifilar suspension of frame front of wheat no-tillage seeding device, and through soft pipe connection liquid medicine case.

Described corn wheat combine, it is characterized in that: the corn picker harvesting apparatus comprises ear-snapping unit and fringe collecting device, wherein the angle adjusting range between circle center line connecting and the horizontal line in same plane of every group of snapping bar in the ear-snapping unit is 30～50 °, and long snapping bar is positioned at the oblique upper of short snapping bar.

Described corn wheat combine, it is characterized in that: the straw chopping and returning device is formed by a plurality of combination of monomers, wherein each monomer comprises gearbox, be provided with the hood seam body of hook, power transmission shaft, bevel gear, horizontal set is fixed on a plurality of cutterheads on the cutter shaft, a plurality of fixedly tool rests, bolt, two pairs of taper roll bearings, moving knife and stationary knife, power transmission shaft is installed in the gearbox by a pair of taper roll bearing, drive bevel gear wherein is installed on the power transmission shaft, cutter shaft is installed in the bottom of gearbox by another to taper roll bearing, the upper end that is installed in cutter shaft by dynamic bevel gear wherein, hood seam body links together by bolt and gearbox, a plurality of fixedly tool rests evenly are welded on the same vertical line of hood seam body madial wall, stationary knife is installed in fixedly on the tool rest by the riveted joint level, moving knife is installed on the installed surface up and down that is fixed on cutterhead by the bolt level, form cut surface with stationary knife, adjacent two monomers link together by transition axis, the back lower place of whole straw chopping and returning device by being articulated in corn harvesting bench seam body with the connecting plate that is connected of hook and hinge axis.

Described corn wheat combine is characterized in that: the number of crushed stalk monomer equates with snapping bar group number.

Described corn wheat combine is characterized in that: moving knife adopts L type moving knife, and number is 4,6 or 8, is fixed on the upper and lower surface of cutterhead successively, and is symmetry shape and is fixed on the cutterhead.

Described corn wheat combine is characterized in that: the plough of wheat no-tillage seeding device adopts two spherical crown disks, and two spherical crown disks are installed on the axle through sliding bearing, and axle is 15～30 ° of seam with connecting plate in the wheat no-tillage seeding device to be fixed.

Described corn wheat combine is characterized in that: two spherical crown disc set numbers of wheat no-tillage seeding device are 4～8.

The present invention compared with prior art, because straw millstone is shifted to an earlier date, be installed in the below of ear-snapping unit, again wheat no-tillage seeding device is installed on the original position of straw millstone, realized the corn picker harvesting apparatus, the straw chopping and returning device, wheat no-tillage seeding device and medicament flusher reasonable Arrangement are on a tractor, can finish the corn picker results simultaneously, straw chopping and returning, functions such as wheat no-tillage seeding and medicament sprinkling, the medicament flusher can be sprayed on the stalk urging rotten agent in advance, accelerated rotting of stalk, not only provide a large amount of fertilizer for wheat growth, and solved the effectively also problem in field of stalk fundamentally, this has not only fundamentally solved the crop straw burning environmental pollution problem, and the energy efficient greatly of beginning sowing in good time that helps losing no time in sowing while there is sufficient moisture in the soil, reduce and advance the ground number of times, reduce cost, improve operation quality, joint kind of the fertile amount of increase in production of joint is big, economic benefit is very remarkable, tally with the national condition and improved ecotope, development high-yield and high-efficiency high-quality sustainable agriculture is had realistic meaning.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the straw chopping and returning device in the embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 3 is the left TV structure schematic diagram of the straw chopping and returning device in the embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 4 is the layout front view of snapping bar group in the embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 5 is the layout left view of snapping bar group in the embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the wheat no-tillage seeding device in the embodiment of the invention.

Among the figure: 1, tractor 2, corn picker harvesting apparatus 3, wheat no-tillage seeding device 4, trifilar suspension 5, spray tank 6, liquid pump 7, loading hose 8, shower nozzle 9, frame 10, snapping bar 11, gearbox 12, hook 13, hood seam body 14, power transmission shaft 15, drive bevel gear 16, by dynamic bevel gear 17, cutter shaft 18, cutterhead 19, fixedly tool rest 20, taper roll bearing 21, moving knife 22, stationary knife 23, bolt 24, transition axis 25, connecting plate 26, hinge axis 27, plough 28, sliding bearing 29, axle 30, connecting plate 31, plough handle 32, defeated kind of fertilizer delivering pipe 33, U-bolt 34, second elevator 35, maize cob collector 36, seed manure case 37, suppression device 38, pluck fringe plate 39, breather 40, axle sleeve 41, pedal

Embodiment

Among the embodiment shown in Fig. 1～3, the present invention includes corn picker harvesting apparatus 2, straw chopping and returning device, wheat no-tillage seeding device 3 and medicament flusher four parts.Wherein the straw chopping and returning device adopts combined straw chopping and returning device, form by several combination of monomers, wherein each monomer comprises gearbox 11, the hood seam body 13 that has hook 12, power transmission shaft 14, drive bevel gear 15, by dynamic bevel gear 16, horizontal set is fixed on 2 cutterheads 18 on the

cutter shaft

17,3 fixing tool rests 19, two pairs of taper roll bearings 20,8 moving

knife

21 and 3 are stationary knife 22, power transmission shaft 14 is installed in the gearbox 11 by a pair of taper roll bearing 20, drive bevel gear 15 is installed on the power transmission shaft 14, cutter shaft 17 is installed in the bottom of gearbox 11 by another to taper roll bearing 20, be installed at the upper end of cutter shaft 17 by dynamic bevel gear 16, hood seam body 13 links together by bolt 23 and gearbox 11, in the same monomer 3 fixedly tool rest 19 evenly be welded on the same vertical line of hood seam body 13 madial walls, each fixedly all is horizontally installed with 1 stationary knife 22 on the tool rest 19, each monomer is fixed with 2 cutterheads 18 that have 4 moving knife 21, on the same cutterhead 18 4 moving knife 21 around cutterhead 18 at interval evenly, being radial level is installed on the cutterhead 18, and be positioned at adjacent moving knife 21 separation cutterheads 18 on the same cutterhead 18 on, on the following installed surface, form cut surface with stationary knife 22, adjacent two monomers link together by transition axis 24, and whole straw chopping and returning device is by being articulated in the back lower place of corn picker harvesting apparatus 1 with hook 12 connecting plates that are connected 25 and hinge axis 26.Whole straw millstone obtains power by chain drive.During work, the power that is spread out of by tractor 1 power take-off is delivered to gearbox 11 through chain drive, gives cutter shaft 17, moving knife 21 high speed rotating through drive bevel gear 15 with by dynamic bevel gear 16 speed changes with transmission of power again.The stem stalk is inhaled under the effect that is subjected to negative pressure in the hood seam body 13, cooperates stationary knifes 22 with its chopping by the moving knife 21 of high speed rotating, mouthful dishes out from shedding of hood seam body 13 then, covers the field.

The medicament flusher comprises several parts such as spray tank 5, liquid pump 6, loading hose 7 and shower nozzle 8.Spray tank 5 is parts of splendid attire liquid medicine, is fixed on the rear portion of tractor 1 by U-bolt 33, is fixing liquid pump 6 in the bottom of spray tank 5.Liquid pump 6 is the motive power of medicament flusher work, when liquid pump 6 work, with liquid medicine sucking-off from spray tank 5, delivers to shower nozzle 8 by loading hose 7, and with the vaporific field that is sprayed at.Shower nozzle 8 is fixed on the trifilar suspension 4 of frame 9 front portions of wheat no-tillage seeding device 3.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 4～5: corn picker harvesting apparatus 2 is on the basis of existing corn picker harvesting apparatus, it is 45 ° that every group of snapping bar 10 angle between circle center line connecting and the horizontal line in same plane is adjusted into scope, and the long snapping bar 10 in every group is positioned at the oblique upper of short snapping bar 10.

In Fig. 1, embodiment shown in Figure 6: wheat no-tillage seeding device 3 is on the basis of existing wheat no-tillage seeding device, and it is two spherical crown disks trench digging devices that trench digging device is wherein used instead.Wheat no-tillage seeding device 3 is equipped with 6 groups of trench digging devices, every group of trench digging device mainly is made up of plough handle 31, plough 27, pad, axle seam body and sliding bearing 28 etc., its axis seam body mainly is welded by connecting plate 30, axle 29 and defeated kind of a fertilizer delivering pipe 32, plough 27 adopts two spherical crown disks, the spherical crown disk links together by sliding bearing 28 with axle seam body, link together by bolt 23 with plough handle 31, the centre can add pad.Every group of trench digging device is fixed on the anterior crossbeam of frame 9 by U-bolt 33.Whole wheat no-tillage seeding device hangs on the trifilar suspension 4 at tractor rear portion by trifilar suspension.

Claims

1, a kind of corn wheat combine comprises the corn picker harvesting apparatus (2) and the straw chopping and returning device that are installed on the tractor (1), it is characterized in that: straw millstone is shifted to an earlier date, be installed in the below of corn picker harvesting apparatus (2); Set up wheat no-tillage seeding device (3) and medicament flusher, wherein wheat no-tillage seeding device (3) is installed on the original position of straw millstone; The medicament flusher comprises spray tank (5), liquid pump (6), loading hose (7) and shower nozzle (8), spray tank (5) is fixed on the rear portion of tractor (1), liquid pump (6) is fixed on the bottom of spray tank (5), shower nozzle (8) is fixed on the trifilar suspension (4) of wheat no-tillage seeding device (3) mid frame (9) front, and is communicated with spray tank (5) through loading hose (7).

2, corn wheat combine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the every group of snapping bar (10) in the corn picker harvesting apparatus (2) in same plane between circle center line connecting and the horizontal line adjusting range of angle be 30～50 °, and its long snapping bar (10) is positioned at the oblique upper of short snapping bar (10).

3, corn wheat combine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the straw chopping and returning device is formed by a plurality of combination of monomers, wherein each monomer comprises gearbox (11), be provided with the hood seam body (13) of hook (12), power transmission shaft (14), drive bevel gear (15), by dynamic bevel gear (16), horizontal set is fixed on a plurality of cutterheads (18) on the cutter shaft (17), a plurality of fixedly tool rests (19), two pairs of taper roll bearings (20), many moving knife (21) and many stationary knife (22), power transmission shaft (14) is installed in the gearbox (11) by a pair of taper roll bearing (20), drive bevel gear (15) is installed on the power transmission shaft (14), cutter shaft (17) is installed in the bottom of gearbox (11) by another to taper roll bearing (20), be installed at the upper end of cutter shaft (17) by dynamic bevel gear (16), hood seam body (13) links together by bolt (23) and gearbox (11), a plurality of fixedly tool rests (19) evenly are welded on the same vertical line of hood seam body (13) madial wall, each fixedly all is horizontally installed with a stationary knife (22) on the tool rest (19), how even at interval around cutterhead (18) moving knife (21), being radial level is installed on the cutterhead (18), and be positioned at adjacent moving knife (21) separation cutterhead (18) on the same cutterhead (18) on, on the following installed surface, form cut surface with stationary knife (22), adjacent two monomers link together by transition axis (24), the back lower place of whole straw chopping and returning device by being articulated in corn picker harvesting apparatus (2) with the connecting plate (25) that is connected of hook (12) and hinge axis (26).

4, corn wheat combine as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: the number of crushed stalk monomer equates with snapping bar (10) group number.

5, corn wheat combine as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: moving knife (21) adopts L type moving knife, and number is 4,6 or 8.

6, corn wheat combine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the plough (27) of wheat no-tillage seeding device (3) adopts two spherical crown disks, two spherical crown disks are installed on the axle (29) through sliding bearing (28), and the connecting plate (30) in axle (29) and the wheat no-tillage seeding device (3) is 15～30 ° of seam to be fixed.

7, corn wheat combine as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that: plough (27) the group number of wheat no-tillage seeding device (3) is 4～8.