CN101080583A - 夹紧装置 - Google Patents

夹紧装置 Download PDF

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CN101080583A
CN101080583A CNA2005800428691A CN200580042869A CN101080583A CN 101080583 A CN101080583 A CN 101080583A CN A2005800428691 A CNA2005800428691 A CN A2005800428691A CN 200580042869 A CN200580042869 A CN 200580042869A CN 101080583 A CN101080583 A CN 101080583A
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cavity
chassis
governor weight
zone
socket
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CN100493789C (zh
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托马斯·雷茨巴赫
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Schunk GmbH and Co KG
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D1/00Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements
    • F16D1/06Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end
    • F16D1/08Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end with clamping hub; with hub and longitudinal key
    • F16D1/0805Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end with clamping hub; with hub and longitudinal key with radial clamping due to deformation of a resilient body or a body of fluid
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23BTURNING; BORING
    • B23B31/00Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
    • B23B31/02Chucks
    • B23B31/10Chucks characterised by the retaining or gripping devices or their immediate operating means
    • B23B31/117Retention by friction only, e.g. using springs, resilient sleeves, tapers
    • B23B31/1177Retention by friction only, e.g. using springs, resilient sleeves, tapers using resilient metallic rings or sleeves
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23BTURNING; BORING
    • B23B31/00Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
    • B23B31/02Chucks
    • B23B31/10Chucks characterised by the retaining or gripping devices or their immediate operating means
    • B23B31/12Chucks with simultaneously-acting jaws, whether or not also individually adjustable
    • B23B31/14Chucks with simultaneously-acting jaws, whether or not also individually adjustable involving the use of centrifugal force
    • B23B31/141To counterbalance the jaws
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D1/00Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements
    • F16D1/06Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end
    • F16D1/08Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end with clamping hub; with hub and longitudinal key
    • F16D1/0852Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end with clamping hub; with hub and longitudinal key with radial clamping between the mating surfaces of the hub and shaft
    • F16D1/0858Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end with clamping hub; with hub and longitudinal key with radial clamping between the mating surfaces of the hub and shaft due to the elasticity of the hub (including shrink fits)
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T279/00Chucks or sockets
    • Y10T279/17Socket type
    • Y10T279/17291Resilient split socket
    • Y10T279/17316Unitary
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T279/00Chucks or sockets
    • Y10T279/17Socket type
    • Y10T279/17411Spring biased jaws
    • Y10T279/17418Unitary
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T279/00Chucks or sockets
    • Y10T279/24Chucks or sockets by centrifugal force
    • Y10T279/247Chucks or sockets by centrifugal force to grip tool or workpiece
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T279/00Chucks or sockets
    • Y10T279/32Means to prevent jaw loosening

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Gripping On Spindles (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)
  • Snaps, Bayonet Connections, Set Pins, And Snap Rings (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Tension Adjustment In Filamentary Materials (AREA)
  • Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
  • Machine Tool Units (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种带有底盘(2)的夹紧装置,底盘(2)拥有一个用于待夹紧的零件的中心插口(3)并且围绕插口(3)拥有多个空腔(4),其中,底盘(2)能够通过在空腔(4)的区域中从外部施加的径向压力(F)以下述方式弹性地变形,即待夹紧的零件能够被插入到插口(3)中,并且能够通过减小或增大径向压力而弹性地恢复原状,从而使得与待夹紧的零件的压力连接得以建立。本发明的特征在于,在空腔(4)中设有离心配重(5)。

Description

夹紧装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种带有底盘的夹紧装置,底盘拥有一个用于待夹紧的零件的中心插口并且围绕插口拥有多个空腔,其中,底盘能够通过在空腔的区域中从外部施加的径向压力以下述方式弹性地变形,即待夹紧的零件能够被插入到插口中,并且能够通过减小或增大径向压力而弹性地恢复原状,从而使得与待夹紧的零件的压力连接得以建立。
背景技术
这类夹紧装置例如在DE 198 34 739 C1中已被公开。在这类夹紧装置中,夹紧装置被设为多边形并且能够通过径向压力的施加而成为圆形。在此期间,底盘的处于力的作用点之间的区域按照下述变形,即插口被扩大并能够装入刀杆。当径向力被减小或增大的时候,被变形的零件会弹回其多边形的初始形状,从而使得刀杆在插口中通过压合座而得以固定。
在这已知的夹紧装置中,空腔能够保证的是,底盘即使在厚壁构造的情况下也能够以相对较低的力量消耗而变形、并且拥有薄壁零件的变形行为,其中,空腔按照下述方式而被有利地定位,即径向压力的作用线中心穿过空腔延伸。
此类夹紧装置在实践中完全经的起考验。当然也发现了缺点部分,伴随大于100000转/分的极高转速,夹紧装置在作用的离心力的影响下拥有松开的趋势,从而不再保证安全的夹紧。
发明内容
因此,本发明的任务是,按照下述设计一种开头所提类型的夹紧装置,即在高转速的情况下也能保证安全的夹紧。
这一任务按照发明通过在空腔中设置离心配重而得以解决。当按照发明的夹紧装置被置于旋转状态时,离心配重会因为出现的向心力而被向外按压并产生下述结果,即位于其间的区域向内弯曲并因此使得插口闭合。其中,根据离心配重的大小与重量保持甚至增强夹紧力。实验证明,在按照发明的夹紧装置中能够保证转速达到250000转/分甚至更大时的安全的夹紧。
根据本发明的一个实施例,离心配重与底盘形成一体并且在空腔的外壁区域内通过隔梁式的连接区域与底盘相连。在这种情况下适宜的是,将空腔外壁区域内的底盘与离心配重之间的隔梁式连接区域在圆周方向上观察位于空腔的近似中心,也就是说,为了松开插口,在这些区域中也有径向压力被施加到底盘上。
作为替代,可以把离心配重作为单独的零件设置在空腔中,其中,离心配重按照下述构建并设置,即在离心配重与底盘之间构建隔梁式的力量引入区域,在这些力量引入区域中,在底盘与离心配重之间产生尤其是直接的接触。当隔梁式的力量引入区域在圆周方向上观察设置在空腔的近似中心时,上述情况是适宜的。为了在这种实施例情况下对离心配重定位,适宜的是,给位于离心配重周围的空腔区域注入弹性材料,例如塑料。这种材料可以在设置离心配重之后注入空腔,也可以作为预制的定位辅助物而供以支配。当离心配重与底盘固定地连接在一起的时候当然也可以注入这种弹性材料。
另外的一种可能是利用合适的方法将作为单独零件设置的离心配重在力量引入区域上与底盘相连。
此外还能够按照已知的方法使得空腔向着插口被设为打开状态,特别是空腔通过径向切口与插口相连,径向切口在圆周方向上观察位于空腔中心。在这种情况中,在切口之间定义了在插口中单独的夹爪。
根据发明的一个替代实施例,空腔至少部分地注有松散物和/或液体作为离心配重。在这种情况中,离心配重能够通过由沙粒、钢珠或类似物形成的松动的灌浆而构成,按照目的使它们被润滑物例如液体弄湿,从而让它们能够轻易地滑动。
附图说明
关于其它的发明优选实施例请参考后述权利要求以及附带的实施例示图及相关描述。在图中示有:
图1按照发明的夹紧装置的第一实施例在接合和/或松开状态中;
图2图1中的夹紧装置在未操作时的夹紧状态中;
图3按照发明的夹紧装置的第二实施例在夹紧状态中;以及
图4按照发明的夹紧装置的第三实施例在夹紧状态中。
具体实施方式
图1与图2中展示的是按照发明的夹紧装置1的一种实施例,它可以例如被设为用于夹紧机床工作主轴上的刀头的夹盘,也可以直接被集成到机床的工作主轴中。夹紧装置1包含一个具有多边形外轮廓的底盘2,在底盘2中设有用于待夹紧的零件的中心插口3。在底盘2中围绕插口3周围设有扇形或肾形的空腔4,它们分别在约100°的圆周区域上延伸并且能够例如通过腐蚀或铣削过程而被引入到底盘2中。与此同时在空腔4之间留有隔梁2a,通过它们可以把底盘2的处于空腔4之外的壁区域与处于空腔4之内的壁区域连接起来。图1与图2同样展示出空腔4向着插口3通过径向的切口9相连,切口9在圆周方向上观察近似位于空腔4中心。同时在径向切口之间设有三个分立的插口3夹爪3a,3b,3c,它们各自通过处于空腔4之间的隔梁2a与底盘2的处于空腔4径向外部的壁区域相连。
按照发明在空腔4中设有离心配重5。该离心配重5拥有与空腔4形状相配的轮廓并与底盘2形成一体,其中,离心配重5与底盘2在空腔4的外壁区域内通过隔梁式的连接区域6相连,该连接区域在圆周方向上观察近似位于空腔4中心。
当需要利用夹紧装置1夹紧零件(例如钻头刀杆或铣刀刀杆)的时候,径向上的压力F从外部施加到底盘2上,就像图1中展示的那样,其中,力的作用点按下述选择,即力F的作用线近似中心地通过空腔4延伸。通过压力F使得底盘2在力的作用点的区域内被径向地向内按压,与此同时,处于作用点之间的区域,也就是说在空腔4之间构成的隔梁2a,连同这些处于作用点之间的区域使得夹爪3a,3b,3c弹性地向外变形,从而使得插口3变大并且使得待夹紧的零件能够被插入插口3中。
当径向的压力F被减小或提高的这个时候,底盘2被弹性地恢复原状并具有下述结果,即隔梁插口3的夹爪3a,3b,3c以及隔梁再次向内移动并且以具有弹性的反作用力压向刀杆,从而构成压合座。
当夹紧装置1在工作中以高转速旋转时,离心配重5被出现的向心力FF向外按压。力FF通过隔梁式的连接区域6而被引入其余的底盘2,从而使得底盘2在连接区域6上被向外按压。在此期间,处于其间的区域和处于空腔4之间的隔梁2a以及插口的夹爪3a,3b,3c向内弯曲,从而使得加紧力即使在高转速情况下也能够被保持甚至还会被增强。
在图3中展示的是一个在图1与图2中展示过、并且在前面描述过的夹紧装置1变换后的实施例。在该实施例中,离心配重5被设为单独的零件并被安置在空腔4中。离心配重5在这里按照与先前关于图1与图2所描述的夹紧装置1相同的方式设置,并且它们在空腔4的外壁区域内只通过隔梁式的力量导入区域8接触底盘2,力量导入区域8在圆周方向上观察近似位于空腔4中心。为了确保离心配重5在空腔中的定位,在空腔4中存留的自由空间围绕离心配重5的周围注入了弹性的塑料材料7。这种弹性的塑料材料7可以是一种预制的、例如注模的定位元件。
重要的是,在力量引入区域B中尽可能在离心配重5与底盘2之间建立直接的接触,从而使得从离心配重5到底盘2内的直接的力量引入得以保证。
另外可能的是,离心配重5在力量引入区域8内被固定在底盘2上,例如被硬化。
在图4中最后展示了第三个按照发明的夹紧装置1的实施例,在该实施例中,离心配重5通过由沙粒、钢珠或类似物形成的松动的灌浆而构成,沙粒、钢珠或类似物被液体弄湿,从而让它们能够轻易地滑动。
在图3与图4所示实施例中,插口3被设为是封闭的,这就是说,它与图1和图2所示的夹紧装置1的区别之处在于,它在插口3与空腔4之间没有连接。

Claims (9)

1.带有底盘(2)的夹紧装置,底盘(2)拥有一个用于待夹紧的零件的中心插口(3)并且围绕插口(3)拥有多个空腔(4),其中,底盘(2)能够通过在空腔(4)的区域中从外部施加的径向压力(F)按照下述方式弹性地变形,即待夹紧的零件能够被插入到插口(3)中,并且能够通过减小或增大径向压力而弹性地恢复原状,从而使得与待夹紧的零件的压力连接得以建立,其特征在于,在空腔(4)中设有离心配重(5)。
2.按照权利要求1所述的夹紧装置,其中,离心配重(5)与底盘(2)形成一体并且在空腔(4)的外壁的区域中与底盘(2)通过隔梁式连接区域(6)相连。
3.按照权利要求1所述的夹紧装置,其中,离心配重(5)作为单独的零件设置在空腔(4)中并按照下述构建并设置,即在离心配重(5)与底盘(2)之间在空腔(4)的外壁的区域内构建隔梁式的力量引入区域(8),在力量引入区域中(8),在底盘(2)与离心配重(5)之间产生尤其是直接的接触。
4.按照权利要求2或3所述的夹紧装置,其中,在底盘(2)与离心配重(5)之间的隔梁式的连接或力量引入区域(6,8)在圆周方向上观察近似位于空腔(4)中心。
5.按照权利要求1至4之一所述的连接装置,其中,围绕离心配重(5)周围的空腔(4)区域中注入了弹性材料。
6.按照权利要求2至4之一所述的连接装置,其中,空腔(4)向着插口(3)是打开着的。
7.按照权利要求6所述的连接装置,其中,空腔(4)与插口(3)通过径向的切口(9)相连,切口(9)在圆周方向上观察近似位于空腔(4)中心。
8.按照权利要求1所述的连接装置,其中,空腔(4)至少部分地注有松散物和/或液体作为离心配重(5)。
9.按照权利要求8所述的连接装置,其中,离心配重(5)能够通过由沙粒、钢珠或类似物形成的松动的灌浆而构成,沙粒、钢珠或类似物被润滑物尤其是液体弄湿。
CNB2005800428691A 2004-12-13 2005-11-17 夹紧装置 Expired - Fee Related CN100493789C (zh)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04029675A EP1669621B1 (de) 2004-12-13 2004-12-13 Spanneinrichtung
EP04029675.8 2004-12-13

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CN101080583A true CN101080583A (zh) 2007-11-28
CN100493789C CN100493789C (zh) 2009-06-03

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US (1) US8141884B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP1669621B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP4951522B2 (zh)
KR (2) KR20070085825A (zh)
CN (1) CN100493789C (zh)
AT (1) ATE350595T1 (zh)
BR (1) BRPI0519021A2 (zh)
DE (1) DE502004002580D1 (zh)
ES (1) ES2279284T3 (zh)
RU (1) RU2368466C2 (zh)
WO (1) WO2006063650A1 (zh)

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CN101712078A (zh) * 2008-09-29 2010-05-26 日立比亚机械股份有限公司 夹头
CN101712078B (zh) * 2008-09-29 2013-09-11 日立比亚机械股份有限公司 夹头
CN109114089A (zh) * 2018-10-24 2019-01-01 浙江润锦汽车科技有限公司 一种变速箱螺栓
CN110255089A (zh) * 2019-05-27 2019-09-20 四川宏华石油设备有限公司 一种隔水管移运系统
CN110255089B (zh) * 2019-05-27 2024-06-07 四川宏华石油设备有限公司 一种隔水管移运系统
CN111469078A (zh) * 2020-05-28 2020-07-31 广东欧亚包装有限公司 一种柔性机械爪

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EP1669621A1 (de) 2006-06-14
EP1669621B1 (de) 2007-01-03
BRPI0519021A2 (pt) 2008-12-23
JP4951522B2 (ja) 2012-06-13
KR100948500B1 (ko) 2010-03-23
RU2368466C2 (ru) 2009-09-27
US20080001367A1 (en) 2008-01-03
ES2279284T3 (es) 2007-08-16
KR20070085825A (ko) 2007-08-27
WO2006063650A1 (de) 2006-06-22
RU2007126671A (ru) 2009-01-20
US8141884B2 (en) 2012-03-27
DE502004002580D1 (de) 2007-02-15
JP2008533388A (ja) 2008-08-21
CN100493789C (zh) 2009-06-03
KR20090079225A (ko) 2009-07-21

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