CN101077137A - Environmental protection feed stuff for seedling stage of southern American white prawn - Google Patents
Environmental protection feed stuff for seedling stage of southern American white prawn Download PDFInfo
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- CN101077137A CN101077137A CNA2007100288447A CN200710028844A CN101077137A CN 101077137 A CN101077137 A CN 101077137A CN A2007100288447 A CNA2007100288447 A CN A2007100288447A CN 200710028844 A CN200710028844 A CN 200710028844A CN 101077137 A CN101077137 A CN 101077137A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
Abstract
The present invention relates to one kind of environment friendly feed for white South America prawn fry. The environment friendly feed can promote the growth of white South America prawn fry, raise its survival rate and disease resistance, and reduce environmental pollution. The feed has nutritious components comprising coarse protein 50-55 wt%, coarse fat 15-20 wt%, total sugar 6-7 wt%, ash weight portions15-20 wt%, and water 6-10 wt%; and material composition comprising protein material 69.75-79.47 wt%, fat material 4-7 wt%, sugar material 5 wt%, feed adhesive 3 wt%, antioxidant 0.305-1.205 wt%, phagostimulant 1.6 wt%, composite vitamins 2 wt% and composite mineral salts 1-4 wt%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Penaeus Vannmei feed, particularly relate to a kind of Penaeus Vannmei environment-protecting feed in seedling stage.
Background technology
Last century late nineteen eighties, Penaeus Vannmei is introduced into China, because growth is fast, premunition is subjected to support the shrimp person by force and deeply and welcomes, be important seawater of China and brackish culture shrimps at present, the breed scope is popularized the whole nation and mainly is distributed in the coastal south, owing to its fast growth, feed efficiency height and economic benefit become the main source of finance of wide farmers increasing both production and income greatly, has vast market prospect.Yet, the key of Penaeus Vannmei large-scale cultivation is the quality of quality in seedling stage at present, the fair restriction that is subjected to following two aspect factors in seedling stage, the one, opening material hypotrophy face, based on the biological feed of throwing something and feeding, the artifical compound feed that does not have special-purpose each period of metamorphosis of shrimp seedling, and the used post larval prawn slice source of the factory of generally growing seedlings is more assorted adds that the hypotrophy face causes the seedling stage quality low; Biological feed has that supply unstablely, difficult is stored, shortcomings such as cost is big, nutritional imbalance, portable infectious bacteria, certainly will cause the cost spending of the producer of growing seedlings to reach the huge pollution of environment more greatly, is unfavorable for that Penaeus Vannmei grows seedlings and breeding production on a large scale; The 2nd, disease is serious, and survival rate is low.Since between whole nursery stage to Penaeus Vannmei the throw something and feed biological feed and the common prawn slice of hypotrophy face, cause the ability of Penaeus Vannmei later stage breed opposing disease low, the easily prawn death of occurrence of large-area under the unsettled slightly situation of water quality, cause tremendous loss for peasant household and whole industry economy, for example 2006, whole Zhanjiang region is because the remarkable and portable pathogenic bacteria of fairy shrimp hypotrophy face that the water quality instability causes cultivation, therefore the producer's situation of growing seedlings that causes all growing seedlings is pessimistic, this vicious circle directly causes the ability of the Penaeus Vannmei resist the disease that the later stage cultures low, culture later stage large tracts of land outburst red leg disease, bring enormous economic loss to peasant household, this has also illustrated the importance of Penaeus Vannmei early nutrition.Since also nonnutritive comprehensively and suitable each in seedling stage needs high-quality environmental protection micro-granulated feed, China fails stable cultivation high quality seedling so far.Therefore, the Penaeus Vannmei environment-protecting feed in seedling stage of research and development comprehensive nutrition and compliance with environmental protection requirements has become the task of top priority.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of Penaeus Vannmei environment-protecting feed in seedling stage that can shorten Penaeus Vannmei growing-seedling period, raising Penaeus Vannmei survival rate, the speed of growth and premunition, reduction environmental pollution, this feed can solve the problem of the under-supply and existing common prawn slice nutritional imbalance of biological feed in the current Penaeus Vannmei seedling raising process effectively, and to the pollution and the destruction of environment, realize that Penaeus Vannmei is grown seedlings and the sustainable development of aquaculture between the reduction nursery stage and in the later stage breeding process.
Penaeus Vannmei environment-protecting feed in seedling stage of the present invention, its nutritional labeling are formed: crude protein 50-55%, crude fat 15-20%, total reducing sugar 6-7%, ash 15-20%, moisture 6-10%.
The invention described above feed generally is made up of raw materials such as protein sources raw material, fat source raw material, sugared source raw material, food binder, antioxidant, phagostimulant, B B-complex and composite mineral salts.The raw material of feed is formed and proportioning is generally by weight: protein sources raw material 69.75～79.47, fat source raw material 4～7, sugared source raw material 5, food binder 3, antioxidant 0.305～1.205, phagostimulant 1.6, B B-complex 2 and composite mineral salt 1～4.Described protein sources raw material is by fish meal, protolysate, and krill meal and brewer's yeast are formed, and its addition is respectively by weight: fish meal 27.75～53.47, protolysate 18-36, krill meal 3, brewer's yeast 3; Described fat source raw material is made up of corn oil and lecithin, and its addition is respectively by weight: corn oil 2～4, lecithin 2～4; Described sugared source raw material a-starch is formed, and its addition is 5 by weight; Described antioxidant is that vitamin C phosphoric ester and vitamin E are formed, and its addition is by weight: vitamin C phosphoric ester 0.3～1.2, vitamin E are 0.05; Food binder is a sodium alginate; Phagostimulant is made up of methionine, tryptophan and betaine, and its addition is by weight: methionine 1, tryptophan 0.5, betaine 0.1.
The one-tenth of described B B-complex is grouped into by weight and is generally: Cobastab
10.025, riboflavin 0.1, pyridoxine hydrochloride 0.075, nicotinic acid 0.25, inositol 7.5, calcium pantothenate 0.5, biotin 0.25, folic acid 0.025, vitamin K
30.5, Cobastab
120.25, vitamin(e) A acetate 0.25, vitamin D
30.625, vitamin E acetate 2.5, media fibers plain 32.4 and purity are 50% Choline Chloride 45.25.
The one-tenth of described composite mineral salt is grouped into by weight and is generally: Ca (H
2PO
4)
2H
2O 50, CaCO
321.5, FeSO
47H
2O 2, MgSO
47H
2O 12.4, and KCl 9, NaCl
4, ZnSO
47H
2O 0.4, CuSO
45H
2O 0.3, MnSO
4H
2O 0.3, and KI 0.004, CoSO
47H
2O 0.002.
According to the micro-granulated feed of the invention described above, also can in forming, the raw material of feed be added with 1.3% the KH that is not more than the feed gross weight
2PO
42H
2O.Can solve the prawn required phosphorus that grows,, must from feed, absorb because of prawn can not absorb the required phosphorus that grows from water body, and KH
2PO
4-2H
2The phosphorus source of O form is the most effective.
According to the micro-granulated feed of the invention described above, also can in forming, the raw material of feed be added with 1.1% the cholesterol that is not more than the feed gross weight.Cholesterol has important effect as the preceding thing of bile acid steroid hormone and shelling hormone to growth and the shelling of young shrimp.
According to the micro-granulated feed of the invention described above, also can in the composition of the raw material of feed, be added be not more than the feed gross weight 0.11% astaxanthin (purity is 10%) or/and 0.21% chitosan.Astaxanthin and chitosan remove the immunity and the cell activation effect that can improve young shrimp as immunocompetent material, also can promote premunition.
Penaeus Vannmei feed in seedling stage of the present invention can adopt the production technology preparation of general prawn slice or micro-granulated feed.
Penaeus Vannmei environment-protecting feed in seedling stage of the present invention has following advantage:
1. the prescription of feed of the present invention is to form Penaeus Vannmei nutritional need in seedling stage being carried out on comprehensive and systematic research and the basis in contrast test repeatedly, thereby have experiment basis and scientific basis widely, more can satisfy the nutritional need of Penaeus Vannmei in seedling stage.
2. from feedstuff as can be seen, add several protein sources compositional models, overcome the problem of single protein sources amino acid imbalance, help improving efficiency of feed utilization, reduce the ammonia nitrogen discharging, reduce environmental pollution.
3. crystalline amino acid content is suitable in the feed, and this has strengthened the seedling stage Penaeus Vannmei on the one hand to amino acid whose effective utilization; On the other hand, the amino acid of interpolation to seedling stage Penaeus Vannmei very strong food calling effect is arranged.
4. this feed can prepare with the production technology of general feeds, and the production technology simple possible is convenient to large-scale promotion.
5. show through long-term raising experiment result that cultivate Penaeus Vannmei with micro-granulated feed of the present invention, whole growing-seedling period shortens, shrimp seedling quality is good, and young shrimp late growing stage speed is fast, the survival rate height, and premunition is strong, and the ammonia nitrogen discharge capacity is low.
6. show according to experimental result, add in the feed and be not more than 0.21% immunopotentiator chitosan or/and be not more than the astaxanthin of the increased immunity effect effect of 0.11% (purity is 10%), can improve survival rate and strengthen the shrimp vitality of subject in seedling stage significantly, obtain the shrimp seedling of high-quality health.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described by the following examples, but do not limit the scope of the invention.The described rate of body weight gain of each embodiment, specific growth rate and survival rate are calculated respectively as follows:
Rate of body weight gain (%)=100 * (end weight-initial weight)/initial weight
Specific growth rate=100 * (ln end weight-ln initial weight)/raising fate
Survival rate=(the bar number when the bar number when experiment finishes/experiment begins) * 100%
Embodiment one: press the 1 preparation micro-granulated feed of prescription shown in the table 1, cultivate oppossum shrimp later stage shrimp seedling to the young shrimp 30 days, in water quality, management and initial body weight (initial body weight 2mg, down with) under the identical situation, feed effect of the present invention with compare with the commercial micro-granulated feed effect of general import on the market of throwing something and feeding, body weight increases nearly one times, and (opisthosoma of forage feed of the present invention heavily is 0.31g, the opisthosoma that commercial micro-granulated feed is fed heavily is 0.17g), rate of body weight gain (WG) increases and is twice that (WG of forage feed of the present invention is 15400, the WG that commercial feed is fed is 8400), specific growth rate (SGR, %/sky) (SGR of forage feed of the present invention is 16.81 to increase 2, the SGR that commercial feed is fed is 14.80), survival rate improves 28% (survival rate of forage feed of the present invention is 88%, and the survival rate that commercial feed is fed is 60%); Compare with the effect of the biological feed of throwing something and feeding fully, at whole experimental session, the growth result of feed of the present invention and the growth result of biological feed do not have significant difference, but survival rate has improved nearly 20%.
Embodiment two: presses the 2 preparation micro-granulated feeds of prescription shown in the table 1, raised young shrimp 30 days, and rate of body weight gain 14633.10, specific growth rate 16.64, survival rate 82%, ammonia nitrogen discharge capacity are 8mg kg
-1h
-1, to compare with the commercial micro-granulated feed of import general on the market of throwing something and feeding, it is nearly 13% that specific growth rate has improved, and it is nearly 22% that survival rate has improved, and the ammonia nitrogen discharge capacity reduces 45% than common commercial Penaeus Vannmei micro-granulated feed on the market.
Embodiment three: presses the 3 preparation micro-granulated feeds of prescription shown in the table 1, raised young shrimp 30 days, and rate of body weight gain 22894.41, specific growth rate 17.52, survival rate 80%, ammonia nitrogen discharge capacity are 7mg kg
-1h
-1, to compare with the commercial micro-granulated feed of the general import on the market of throwing something and feeding, specific growth rate has improved 18%, and survival rate has improved 20%, and the ammonia nitrogen discharge capacity reduces 52% than common commercial Penaeus Vannmei micro-granulated feed on the market.
Embodiment four: presses the 4 preparation micro-granulated feeds of prescription shown in the table 1, raised young shrimp 30 days, and rate of body weight gain 17175.01, specific growth rate 16.06, survival rate 80%, ammonia nitrogen discharge capacity are 8mg kg
-1h
-1, to compare with the commercial micro-granulated feed of the general import on the market of throwing something and feeding, specific growth rate has improved 9%, and survival rate has improved 20%, and the ammonia nitrogen discharge capacity reduces 45% than common commercial Penaeus Vannmei micro-granulated feed on the market.
Embodiment five: presses the 5 preparation micro-granulated feeds of prescription shown in the table 1, raised young shrimp 23 days, and rate of body weight gain 18164.93, specific growth rate 22.62, survival rate 78.83%, ammonia nitrogen discharge capacity are 8mg kg
-1h
-1, to compare with the commercial micro-granulated feed of the general import on the market of throwing something and feeding, specific growth rate has improved 53%, and survival rate has improved 18%, and the ammonia nitrogen discharge capacity reduces 45% than common commercial Penaeus Vannmei micro-granulated feed on the market.
Embodiment six: presses the 6 preparation micro-granulated feeds of prescription shown in the table 1, raised young shrimp 23 days, and rate of body weight gain 13632.56, specific growth rate 21.36, survival rate 71%, ammonia nitrogen discharge capacity are 9mg kg
-1h
-1, to compare with the commercial micro-granulated feed of the general import on the market of throwing something and feeding, specific growth rate has improved 44%, and survival rate improves 10%, and the ammonia nitrogen discharge capacity reduces 38% than common commercial Penaeus Vannmei micro-granulated feed on the market.
Each embodiment feed formula of table 1 and nutritional labeling analysis
Claims (7)
1. a Penaeus Vannmei feed in seedling stage is characterized in that the nutritional labeling composition of this feed is by weight percentage: crude protein 50-55%, crude fat 15-20%, total reducing sugar 6-7%, ash 15-20%, moisture 6-10%.
2. according to the described feed of claim 1, the raw material composition that it is characterized in that this feed comprises by weight: protein sources raw material 69.75～79.47, fat source raw material 4～7, sugar source raw material 5, food binder 3, antioxidant 0.305～1.205, phagostimulant 1.6, B B-complex 2 and composite mineral salt 1～4; Described protein sources raw material is by fish meal, protolysate, and krill meal and brewer's yeast are formed, and its addition is respectively by weight: fish meal 27.75～53.47, protolysate 18-36, krill meal 3, brewer's yeast 3; Described fat source raw material is made up of corn oil and lecithin, and its addition is respectively by weight: corn oil 2～4, lecithin 2～4; Described sugared source raw material is an a-starch; Described antioxidant is made up of vitamin C phosphoric ester and vitamin E, and its addition is respectively by weight: vitamin C phosphoric ester 0.3～1.2, vitamin E 0.05; Food binder is a sodium alginate; Phagostimulant is methionine, tryptophan and betaine, and its addition is respectively by weight: methionine 1, tryptophan 0.5, betaine 0.1.
3. according to the described feed of claim 2, the one-tenth that it is characterized in that described B B-complex is grouped into by weight and is: Cobastab
10.025, riboflavin 0.1, pyridoxine hydrochloride 0.075, nicotinic acid 0.25, inositol 7.5, calcium pantothenate 0.5, biotin 0.25, folic acid 0.025, vitamin K
30.5, Cobastab
120.25, vitamin(e) A acetate 0.25, vitamin D
30.625, vitamin E acetate 2.5, media fibers plain 32.4 and purity are 50% Choline Chloride 45.25.
4. according to the described feed of claim 2, the one-tenth that it is characterized in that described composite mineral salt is grouped into by weight and is: Ca (H
2PO
4)
22H
2O 50, CaCO
321.5, FeSO
47H
2O2, MgSO
47H
2O 12.4, and KCL 9, and NaCl 4, ZnSO
47H
2O 0.4, CuSO
45H
2O 0.3, MnSO
4H
2O 0.3, KI 0.004 and CoSO
47H
2O 0.002.
5. according to the described feed of claim 2, it is characterized in that in the raw material of feed is formed, also being added with 1.3% the KH that is not more than the feed gross weight
2PO
42H
2O.
6. according to the described feed of one of claim 2-5, it is characterized in that in the raw material of feed is formed, also being added with 0.11% the astaxanthin that is not more than the feed gross weight or/and be not more than 0.21% chitosan of feed gross weight.
7. according to the described feed of one of claim 2-5, it is characterized in that in the fat source raw material, also being added with 1.1% the cholesterol that is not more than the feed gross weight.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007100288447A CN100569098C (en) | 2007-06-27 | 2007-06-27 | Penaeus Vannmei environment-protecting feed in seedling stage |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007100288447A CN100569098C (en) | 2007-06-27 | 2007-06-27 | Penaeus Vannmei environment-protecting feed in seedling stage |
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|---|---|
| CN101077137A true CN101077137A (en) | 2007-11-28 |
| CN100569098C CN100569098C (en) | 2009-12-16 |
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|---|---|---|---|
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101828644A (en) * | 2010-05-11 | 2010-09-15 | 中山大学 | Feed for litopenaeus vannamei |
| CN101946862A (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2011-01-19 | 淮海工学院 | Litopenaeus vannamei boone anti-disease compound feed |
| CN102715362A (en) * | 2012-05-21 | 2012-10-10 | 高雷 | Penaeus chinensis aquaculture feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN102845636A (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2013-01-02 | 广东海大集团股份有限公司 | Vitamin premix for juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei |
| CN103141694A (en) * | 2013-03-09 | 2013-06-12 | 盐城工学院 | Mixed feed capable of improving antioxidant performance of macrobrachium nipponensis |
| CN103549148A (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2014-02-05 | 白国丰 | Special Chinese herbal medicine phagostimulant for penaeus vannamei |
| CN103931955A (en) * | 2014-05-10 | 2014-07-23 | 厦门市科环海洋生物科技有限公司 | Young litopenaeus vannamei feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN104171306A (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2014-12-03 | 句容市华南水产养殖专业合作社 | Shrimp feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN105249019A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2016-01-20 | 厦门市海林生物科技有限公司 | Young shrimp feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN105533142A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-05-04 | 中国海洋大学 | Euphausia superba slice and its preparation method and use |
| CN107397076A (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2017-11-28 | 中山大学 | A kind of thick phase feed of Penaeus Vannmei mark and its application |
| CN107624999A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2018-01-26 | 中山大学 | A kind of thick phase feed of Penaeus Vannmei mark and its application |
| CN109588539A (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2019-04-09 | 中山大学 | A kind of reduction forage plant source property raw material is to the dysgenic environment-protecting feed formula of Penaeus Vannmei |
| CN110338311A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-10-18 | 深圳市澳华集团股份有限公司 | Penaeus Vannmei post larval growth promotion mixed feed |
-
2007
- 2007-06-27 CN CNB2007100288447A patent/CN100569098C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101828644B (en) * | 2010-05-11 | 2013-04-24 | 中山大学 | Feed for litopenaeus vannamei |
| CN101828644A (en) * | 2010-05-11 | 2010-09-15 | 中山大学 | Feed for litopenaeus vannamei |
| CN101946862A (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2011-01-19 | 淮海工学院 | Litopenaeus vannamei boone anti-disease compound feed |
| CN101946862B (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2012-07-25 | 淮海工学院 | Litopenaeus vannamei boone anti-disease compound feed |
| CN102715362A (en) * | 2012-05-21 | 2012-10-10 | 高雷 | Penaeus chinensis aquaculture feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN102845636A (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2013-01-02 | 广东海大集团股份有限公司 | Vitamin premix for juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei |
| CN103141694A (en) * | 2013-03-09 | 2013-06-12 | 盐城工学院 | Mixed feed capable of improving antioxidant performance of macrobrachium nipponensis |
| CN103141694B (en) * | 2013-03-09 | 2014-07-30 | 盐城工学院 | Mixed feed capable of improving antioxidant performance of macrobrachium nipponensis |
| CN103549148B (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2014-11-05 | 白国丰 | Special Chinese herbal medicine phagostimulant for penaeus vannamei |
| CN103549148A (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2014-02-05 | 白国丰 | Special Chinese herbal medicine phagostimulant for penaeus vannamei |
| CN103931955A (en) * | 2014-05-10 | 2014-07-23 | 厦门市科环海洋生物科技有限公司 | Young litopenaeus vannamei feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN103931955B (en) * | 2014-05-10 | 2015-08-19 | 厦门市科环海洋生物科技有限公司 | A kind of Penaeus Vannmei seedling feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN104171306A (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2014-12-03 | 句容市华南水产养殖专业合作社 | Shrimp feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN105249019A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2016-01-20 | 厦门市海林生物科技有限公司 | Young shrimp feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN105533142A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-05-04 | 中国海洋大学 | Euphausia superba slice and its preparation method and use |
| CN107397076A (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2017-11-28 | 中山大学 | A kind of thick phase feed of Penaeus Vannmei mark and its application |
| CN107624999A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2018-01-26 | 中山大学 | A kind of thick phase feed of Penaeus Vannmei mark and its application |
| CN109588539A (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2019-04-09 | 中山大学 | A kind of reduction forage plant source property raw material is to the dysgenic environment-protecting feed formula of Penaeus Vannmei |
| CN110338311A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-10-18 | 深圳市澳华集团股份有限公司 | Penaeus Vannmei post larval growth promotion mixed feed |
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| CN100569098C (en) | 2009-12-16 |
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Application publication date: 20071128 Assignee: Zhuhai Shihai Feed Co., Ltd. Assignor: Sun Yat-sen University Contract record no.: 2010440000388 Denomination of invention: Environmental protection feed stuff for seedling stage of southern American white prawn Granted publication date: 20091216 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20100415 |
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