CN101008325B - 用于组装燃气涡轮机定子的设备及方法 - Google Patents

用于组装燃气涡轮机定子的设备及方法 Download PDF

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CN101008325B
CN101008325B CN2007100021578A CN200710002157A CN101008325B CN 101008325 B CN101008325 B CN 101008325B CN 2007100021578 A CN2007100021578 A CN 2007100021578A CN 200710002157 A CN200710002157 A CN 200710002157A CN 101008325 B CN101008325 B CN 101008325B
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R·R·凯罗
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D9/00Stators
    • F01D9/02Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles
    • F01D9/04Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles forming ring or sector
    • F01D9/042Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles forming ring or sector fixing blades to stators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05DINDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2230/00Manufacture
    • F05D2230/60Assembly methods
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05DINDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00Geometry
    • F05D2250/70Shape
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05DINDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/20Oxide or non-oxide ceramics
    • F05D2300/21Oxide ceramics
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05DINDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/60Properties or characteristics given to material by treatment or manufacturing
    • F05D2300/603Composites; e.g. fibre-reinforced
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T50/00Aeronautics or air transport
    • Y02T50/60Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00Metal working
    • Y10T29/49Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49316Impeller making
    • Y10T29/4932Turbomachine making
    • Y10T29/49321Assembling individual fluid flow interacting members, e.g., blades, vanes, buckets, on rotary support member

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

提供了一种组装互锁叶片的设备及方法。提供了包括燃气涡轮机定子的叶片组件(112)。燃气涡轮机定子包括叶片组件。叶片组件(112)包括叶片及盖体。叶片组件(112)中的叶片从盖体径向延伸。叶片包括压力侧壳体(120)及分离的抽吸侧壳体(118)。燃气涡轮机定子还包括接收叶片组件的平台(114,116)。

Description

用于组装燃气涡轮机定子的设备及方法
技术领域
本发明大体涉及燃气涡轮发动机,具体而言,涉及用于组装叶片及平台系统的设备及方法。
背景技术
至少一些已知的燃气涡轮发动机在燃烧室组件内引燃空气燃料混合物,并产生通过热气通道引至涡轮机组件的燃烧气流。通过压缩机组件将压缩空气引至燃烧室组件。燃烧室组件通常包括使得燃料及空气输送至燃烧室组件燃烧区域的燃料叶片组件。涡轮机组件将燃烧气流的热能转化为转动涡轮机组件的轴的机械能。可利用涡轮机组件的输出驱动诸如发电机或泵的机器。
已知叶片组件包括由各种难以加工的材料制成的多个部件。其中一种这种材料是层合陶瓷基体复合材料。通常,层合陶瓷基体复合材料具有变化的层合厚度。一致的层合厚度有利于燃料叶片有效的组装操作。此外,层合陶瓷基体复合材料在获得相对较小的折弯半径而不会开裂方面性能有限。此外,将叶片的翼型斜坡部与叶片平台接合的操作非常困难。一旦安装了叶片,还难以检测陶瓷基体复合材料叶片。
很多已知的涡轮机叶片组件包括各种部件,这些部件制造成与燃气涡轮发动机的平台相互作用。如果使用了非整体式平台,则层合陶瓷基体复合材料叶片在结构上会难以附装至燃气涡轮发动机的平台。如果使用了整体式平台,则当从叶片过渡至平台时,会在倒角中存在层间拉应力。此外,层合陶瓷基体复合材料使得难以控制谐振频率。通过尽可能维持平面内负载来减小层间应力是非常重要的。
发明内容
根据一个方面,本发明提供了一种燃气涡轮机定子。该燃气涡轮机定子包括叶片组件。叶片组件包括叶片。叶片组件还包括盖体。在叶片组件中的叶片从盖体径向延伸。叶片包括压力侧壳体及分离的抽吸侧壳体。燃气涡轮机定子还包括接收叶片组件的平台。
根据另一方面,提供了一种用于燃气涡轮发动机的涡轮机叶片组件。该叶片组件包括抽吸侧壳体。该抽吸侧壳体包括前边缘、后边缘、及两者之间的凸面。叶片组件还包括压力侧壳体。该压力侧壳体包括前边缘、后边缘、及两者之间的凹面。抽吸侧壳体及压力侧壳体的前边缘保持为相当接近。
根据另一方面,提供了一种组装燃气涡轮机叶片的方法。该方法包括形成具有压力侧壳体及分离的抽吸侧壳体的叶片。该方法还包括将压力侧壳体复合至抽吸侧壳体。
附图说明
图1是示例性燃气涡轮发动机的示意性视图;
图2是示例性燃气涡轮机组件的横截面视图,其具有可用于图1中的燃气涡轮发动机的三级喷嘴;
图3是陶瓷基体复合材料(CMC)涡轮机叶片组件的示意性视图,其可被用于图1中的燃气涡轮发动机;及
图4是可被用于图1中的燃气涡轮发动机的CMC涡轮机叶片组件的替代实施例的示意性视图。
具体实施方式
图1是示例性燃气涡轮发动机100的示意性视图。发动机100包括压缩机102及燃烧室104。燃烧室104包括燃烧区域105及燃料喷嘴组件106。发动机100还包括涡轮机108及共用压缩机/涡轮机轴110(有时称为转子110)。在一个实施例中,发动机100是MS7001FB发动机,有时称为9FB发动机,可从南卡罗莱纳州格林维尔市的通用电气公司商购获得。本发明并不限于任何一种具体的发动机,而可应用于例如包括通用电气公司的MS7001FA(7FA)及MS9001FA(9FA)发动机类型的其他发动机。
在运转时,空气流动通过压缩机102,而压缩空气供应至燃烧室104。具体而言,压缩空气供应至与燃烧室104一体的燃料喷嘴组件106。该组件106与燃烧区域105流动连通。燃料喷嘴组件106还与燃料源(在图1中未示出)流动连通,并将燃料及空气引至燃烧区域105。燃烧室104引燃并燃烧燃料。燃烧室104与涡轮机108流动连通,以将气流热能转化至机械旋转能。涡轮机108转动地接合至转子110并驱动转子110。压缩机102还转动地接合至轴110。在示例性实施例中,存在多个燃烧室104及燃料喷嘴组件106。在以下描述中,除非另外指出,则仅将讨论每个部件的其中一者。
图2是示例性涡轮机组件108的截面视图,该涡轮机组件108具有可用于图1中的燃气涡轮发动机100的三级喷嘴。涡轮机组件108包括叶片子组件112。叶片子组件112通过径向外平台114及径向内平台116保持在涡轮机组件108中。
图3是涡轮机叶片组件112的示例性实施例的示意性视图,涡轮机叶片组件112可用于图1中的燃气涡轮发动机100。涡轮机叶片组件112包括抽吸侧壳体118及压力侧壳体120。在示例性实施例中,抽吸侧壳体118及压力侧壳体120由陶瓷基体复合材料制成。陶瓷基体复合材料便于密封叶片。抽吸侧壳体118包括前边缘122及后边缘123。压力侧壳体120包括前边缘124及后边缘125。抽吸侧壳体118包括凸面,而压力侧壳体120包括凹面。凹面及凸面是人机工程轮廓,其定向或再定向燃烧气体通过叶片的流动。
前边缘122与前边缘124相对布置的非常接近。前边缘122与前边缘124可交叠、互锁、或在其间留下非常小的间距。前边缘122与前边缘124包括构造形成曲折通道的配合表面。例如可使用(但不限于)交叠、舌键及开槽、人字形或密封构件来形成该曲折通道。
后边缘123与后边缘125相对布置的非常接近。后边缘123与后边缘125可交叠、互锁、或在其间留下非常小的间距。后边缘123与后边缘125包括构造形成曲折通道的配合表面。例如可使用(但不限于)交叠、舌键及开槽、人字形或密封构件来形成该曲折通道。
抽吸侧壳体118包括径向外边缘126及径向内边缘127。压力侧壳体120包括径向前边缘128及径向后边缘129。压力侧壳体120与外端盖体132及内端盖体134中的轮廓腔室130配合,且抽吸侧壳体118与外端盖体132及内端盖体134中的轮廓腔室130配合。径向外边缘126与外端盖体132中的腔室130对准。径向外边缘128与外端盖体132中的腔室130对准。径向内边缘127与内端盖体134中的腔室130对准。径向内边缘129与内端盖体134中的腔室130对准。
夹紧构件136径向地布置在外端盖体132与内端盖体134之间。夹紧构件136便于将压力侧壳体120与抽吸侧壳体118相对于彼此保持在基本固定方向。此外,夹紧构件136为叶片组件112承载结构负载以便于使得压力侧壳体120及抽吸侧壳体118提供空气动力轮廓。在示例性实施例中,径向外端盖体132包括紧固件133。可将紧固件133与夹紧构件136螺纹接合。将外端盖体132及内端盖体134接合至夹紧构件136可维持抽吸侧壳体118、压力侧壳体120、夹紧构件136、外端盖体132及内端盖体134相对于彼此的固定对准。在替换实施例中,夹紧构件136包括偏压构件,例如,形状记忆构件、金属加强杆、及/或弹簧。夹紧构件136可包含冷却空气以便于降低夹紧构件136及/或叶片的热量。夹紧构件136可包括一个或更多从夹紧构件136轴向延伸的隔壁137。隔壁137及其所述定位便于减小叶片相对于特定的、临界的、谐振模式形状的振动。
涡轮机叶片组件112包括径向外平台114及径向内平台116。径向内平台116包括围绕平台116周向间隔布置的多个轴向取向槽139。径向外平台114包括围绕平台114周向间隔布置的多个轴向取向槽138。槽138构造为接收径向外端盖体132。槽139构造为接收径向内端盖体134。
图4是可用于燃气涡轮发动机100(示于图1中)的涡轮机叶片组件112的替换实施例的示意性视图。涡轮机叶片组件112包括抽吸侧壳体140及压力侧壳体142。在示例性实施例中,抽吸侧壳体140及压力侧壳体142由陶瓷基体复合材料制成。陶瓷基体复合材料便于消除密封缝隙。抽吸侧壳体140包括前边缘160及后边缘162。压力侧壳体142包括前边缘164及后边缘166。抽吸侧壳体140包括凸面,而压力侧壳体142包括凹面。凹面及凸面为人机工程轮廓,其定向或再定向通过叶片的气流。
前边缘160与前边缘164相对布置的非常接近。前边缘160与前边缘164可交叠、互锁、或在其间留下非常小的间距。前边缘160与前边缘164包括构造形成曲折通道的配合表面。例如可使用(但不限于)交叠、舌键及开槽、人字形或密封构件来形成曲折通道。
后边缘162也与后边缘122相对布置的非常接近。后边缘162与后边缘166可交叠、互锁、或在其间留下非常小的间距。后边缘162与后边缘166包括构造形成曲折通道的配合表面。例如可使用(但不限于)交叠、舌键及开槽、人字形或密封构件来形成曲折通道。
压力侧壳体142包括从凹面的径向外边缘146延伸的径向外凸缘144,而压力侧壳体142还包括从凹面的径向内边缘148延伸的径向内凸缘143。抽吸侧壳体140包括从凸面的径向外边缘147延伸的凸缘150,抽吸侧壳体140还包括从凸面的径向内边缘149延伸的凸缘151。
涡轮机叶片组件112包括压力侧壳体142及抽吸侧壳体140。径向内平台174包括围绕平台174周向间隔布置的多个轴向取向槽170。径向外平台176包括围绕平台176周向间隔布置的多个轴向取向槽172。槽172构造为接收径向外凸缘150及径向外凸缘144。槽170构造为接收径向内凸缘151及径向内凸缘143。
虽然已就各个具体实施例描述了本发明,但本领域的技术人员将理解在权利要求书的精神及范围内可改变本发明来实施。
元件列表
燃气涡轮发动机100,压缩机102,燃烧室104,燃烧区域105,燃料喷嘴组件106,涡轮机组件108,轴(转子)110,涡轮机叶片组件112,径向外平台114,径向内平台116,抽吸侧壳体118,压力侧壳体120,抽吸侧壳体前边缘122,抽吸侧壳体后边缘123,压力侧壳体前边缘124,压力侧壳体后边缘125,抽吸侧壳体径向外边缘126,抽吸侧壳体径向内边缘127,压力侧壳体径向前边缘128,压力侧壳体径向后边缘129,外端盖体腔130,外端盖体132,紧固件133,内端盖体134,夹紧构件136,隔壁137,径向外平台轴向取向槽138,径向内平台轴向取向槽139,抽吸侧壳体140,压力侧壳体142,压力侧壳体径向内凸缘143,压力侧壳体径向外凸缘144,压力侧壳体径向外边缘146,抽吸侧壳体径向外边缘147,压力侧壳体径向内边缘148,抽吸侧壳体径向内边缘149,抽吸侧壳体径向外凸缘150,抽吸侧壳体径向内凸缘151,抽吸侧壳体前边缘160,抽吸侧壳体后边缘162,压力侧壳体前边缘164,压力侧壳体后边缘166,径向内平台轴向取向槽170,径向外平台轴向取向槽172,径向内平台174,径向外平台176

Claims (9)

1.一种用于燃气涡轮发动机的涡轮机叶片组件(112),所述叶片组件包括:包含有前边缘(122)、后边缘(123)及其之间的凸面分离的抽吸侧壳体(118),包含有前边缘(124)、后边缘(125)及其之间的凹面的压力侧壳体(120),其中,所述抽吸侧壳体的所述前边缘与所述压力侧壳体的所述前边缘保持为接近,所述压力侧壳体(142)还包括从所述凹面延伸的第一凸缘(144,143),且所述抽吸侧壳体(140)还包括从所述凸面延伸的第二凸缘(150,151),其中所述第一凸缘被构造为接合至所述第二凸缘。
2.如权利要求1所述的涡轮机叶片组件(112),其中,所述抽吸侧壳体(118)及所述压力侧壳体(120)中的至少一者由陶瓷基体复合材料制成。
3.如权利要求1所述的涡轮机叶片组件(112),其中,所述表面中的每一个都还包括径向外边缘(126,128)及径向内边缘(127,129),其中所述叶片组件还包括:
径向外端盖体(132),其构造为接合至所述抽吸侧壳体(118)及所述压力侧壳体(120)的所述径向外边缘;及
径向内端盖体(134),其构造为接合至所述抽吸侧壳体及所述压力侧壳体的所述径向内边缘。
4.如权利要求1所述的涡轮机叶片组件(112),还包括:径向外端盖体(132)、径向内端盖体(134)、以及夹紧构件(136),该夹紧构件(136)构造为保持所述压力侧壳体(120)及所述抽吸侧壳体(118)相对于彼此及相对于所述外端盖体及所述内端盖体基本上固定地取向,所述径向内端盖体构造为接合至涡轮机定子的轴向取向槽(139),而所述径向外端盖体构造为接合至涡轮机定子的轴向取向槽(138)。
5.如权利要求1所述的涡轮机叶片组件,其中,所述前边缘及所述后边缘(122,124及123,125)包括相应的配合表面,该配合表面构造为在其间形成曲折通道,所述曲折通道包括交叠、舌键及开槽、人字形及密封构件中的至少一者。
6.如权利要求1所述的涡轮机叶片组件,还包括,涡轮机定子的径向外平台(176)及涡轮机定子的径向内平台(174),其中所述径向内平台包括轴向取向槽(170)以接收所述压力侧壳体(142)及所述抽吸侧壳体(140),其中所述径向外平台包括轴向取向槽(172)以接收所述压力侧壳体及所述抽吸侧壳体。
7.一种燃气涡轮机定子,该燃气涡轮机定子包括:
叶片组件(112),该叶片组件(112)包括:
叶片;及
盖体(132,134);
其中,所述叶片从所述盖体径向延伸,所述叶片包括具有第一凸缘的压力侧壳体(120)以及具有第二凸缘的分离的抽吸侧壳体(118),当所述压力侧壳体接合至所述抽吸侧壳体时,所述第一凸缘相邻于所述第二凸缘;且
平台(114,116),其包括至少一轴向取向槽,并且被构造为接收所述叶片组件。
8.如权利要求7所述的燃气涡轮机定子,其中,所述压力侧壳体(120)包括前边缘(124)、后边缘(125)及其之间的凹面,所述抽吸侧壳体(118)包括前边缘(122)、后边缘(123)及其之间的凸面,其中所述抽吸侧壳体的所述前边缘及所述压力侧壳体的所述前边缘保持为接近,其中所述抽吸侧壳体及所述压力侧壳体中的至少一者由陶瓷基体复合材料制成,所述表面还包括径向外边缘(126,128)及径向内边缘(127,129),其中所述叶片组件(112)还包括:径向外端盖体(132),该径向外端盖体(132)构造为接合至所述抽吸侧壳体及所述压力侧壳体的所述径向外边缘;及径向内端盖体(134),该径向内端盖体(134)构造为接合至所述抽吸侧壳体及所述压力侧壳体的所述径向内边缘。
9.如权利要求7所述的燃气涡轮机定子,还包括:径向外端盖体(132)、径向内端盖体(134)、以及夹紧构件(136),该夹紧构件(136)构造为保持所述压力侧壳体(120)及所述抽吸侧壳体(118)相对于彼此及相对于所述外端盖体及所述内端盖体基本上固定地取向,所述燃气涡轮机定子还包括径向外平台(114)及径向内平台(116),其中所述径向内平台包括构造成接收所述径向内端盖体的轴向取向槽(139),而所述径向外平台包括构造成接收所述径向外端盖体的轴向取向槽(138),所述前边缘及所述后边缘(122,124及123,125)包括相应的配合表面,该配合表面构造为在其间形成曲折通道,所述曲折通道包括交叠、舌键及开槽、人字形及密封构件中的至少一者。
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