CN100559944C - 一种稳定的甲氨基阿维菌素水分散粒剂 - Google Patents
一种稳定的甲氨基阿维菌素水分散粒剂 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种稳定性的水分散粒剂及其加工方法，它主要以甲氨基阿维菌素作为活性成分，其在粒剂中所占的重量百分比在0.1-90%之间；以葡萄糖为稳定剂，其在粒剂中所占的重量百分比在5-30%之间。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种稳定的水分散粒剂及其加工方法，其主要成分为甲氨基阿维菌素及其盐类，添加部分添加剂复配而成的农药剂型，这种剂型易于使用，对使用者或环境无害。
背景技术
农作物由于病害、虫害、草害、鼠害等会造成巨大的产量损失，所以每年必须大量施用农药才能挽回作物的损失。农药的大量使用，导致了环境的污染；并且由于人类对环境生态安全的要求越来越高，从而使得农药剂型向对环境友好、高效等方向发展。水分散粒剂正是这样一个新型的剂型，其优点和长处是：无粉尘、无有机溶剂带来的问题等。经过欧美广泛的推广使用，充分显示出他特有的魅力，已成为各公司主要研究剂型之一。随着农药工业的发展，高活性农药的出现，市场竞争及环境保护的需要，研究和开发水分散粒剂已成为农药加工行业的迫切任务。
甲氨基阿维菌素是一种新型的广谱、高效、低毒的杀虫杀螨剂，能有效地防治蚜虫、螨类、小菜蛾、菜青虫、美洲斑潜蝇、甜菜跳甲、马铃薯甲虫、果树卷叶蛾、梨小食心虫和介壳虫等多种害虫。对其剂型的开发也应该遵循着主流发展方向，如目前已成功开发出了甲维盐泡腾剂，并申请了专利。
虽然目前已经有许多有关甲氨基阿维菌素的剂型，但还未见水分散粒剂这一剂型，对高活性的甲氨基阿维菌素进行加工，提供一种对环境污染小、药效高、易运输并且稳定的新剂型，于是完成了本发明。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种含有甲氨基阿维菌素及其盐类为主要成分的水分散粒剂，它具有对环境污染小、药效高、稳定性强等特点。
具体地说，本发明提供一种水分散粒剂，其特征在于各组成成分和重量百分比：甲氨基阿维菌素0.1-90％，稳定剂5-30％，分散剂和粘结剂5-20％，润湿剂1-10％，崩解剂1-5％，填料(载体)0-90％，各组分含量之和为100％。
本发明的另一目的是提供所述剂型的制备方法和应用。
本发明中，甲氨基阿维菌素是指甲氨基阿维菌素及其盐类如苯甲酸盐，所述的盐可以是无水的，或是其可能的含水晶型。优选的是甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐。其含量为0.1-90％，优选为0.1-50％。
本发明所述的稳定剂是葡萄糖，其在粒剂中所占的重量百分比为5-30％之间。
本发明所述的分散剂可以是木质素磺酸盐，萘磺酸盐，萘磺酸-甲醛缩合物的钠、钾、铵和钙盐，聚丙烯酸和羧酸的钠、钾和铵盐，马来酸酐-异丁烯共聚物的钠盐，水溶性非离子型聚合物及本领域技术人员所公知的分散剂中的任意一种或两种的组合。
本发明所述的粘结剂聚合羧酸钠、阿拉伯胶、甲基纤维素、聚乙烯醇、聚乙二醇醚类、部分水解的淀粉、聚乙烷吡咯烷酮、葡萄糖、果糖、尿素及本领域技术人员所公知的粘结剂中的任意一种或两种的组合。
本发明所述的润湿剂为烷基萘磺酸盐、脂肪酰胺N-甲基磺酸盐、烷基硫酸盐、烷基苯磺酸盐，烷基芳基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸盐及本领域技术人员所公知的润湿剂中的任意一种或两种的组合。
本发明所述的填料(载体)为白炭黑、硅藻土、滑石、高岭土、粘土、轻质碳酸钙及本领域技术人员所公知的稀释载体中的任意一种或两种的组合。
本发明于所述的崩解剂为膨润土、淀粉、羧甲基纤维素及本领域技术人员所公知的崩解剂中的任意一种或两种的组合。
按照本领域技术人员所公知的方法可制得本发明的水分散粒剂，如喷雾造粒、转盘造粒、挤压造粒及高强度混合造粒等。
本发明的使用方法简单，可以按使用剂量对水喷雾。
实施例
制剂实施例1：10％甲氨基阿维菌素水分散粒剂
原料 用量(重量份)
甲氨基阿维菌素 10.0
木质素磺酸钠 15.0
十二烷基苯磺酸钠 10.0
葡萄糖 15.0
膨润土 40.0
轻质碳酸钙 10.0
先将轻质碳酸钙预粉碎，然后将之与上述其他成分充分混合，再采用气流粉碎法加工，制得10％甲氨基阿维菌素可湿性粉剂，再进行挤压造粒或摇摆造粒，即成为10％甲维盐水分散粒剂。
制剂实施例2：0.5％甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐水分散粒剂
原料 用量(重量份)
甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐 0.5
JFC 7.0
NNO 8.0
葡萄糖 10.0
膨润土 49.5
聚醋酸乙烯酯 25.0
采用转盘造粒法，先将上述原料(除聚醋酸乙烯酯外)进行超细粉碎，制成甲维盐超细可湿性粉剂，然后向倾斜的旋转盘中，边加可湿性粉剂，边喷带有聚醋酸乙烯酯的水溶液进行造粒，即成为0.5％甲维盐水分散颗粒剂。
制剂实施例3：5％甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐水分散粒剂
原料 用量(重量份)
甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐 5.0
JFC 5.0
木质素磺酸钠 5.0
硫胺 10.0
葡萄糖 15.0
轻质碳酸钙 40.0
聚乙烯醇 20.0
采用硫化床造粒法，先将上述原料(除聚乙烯醇外)粉碎，制成超细粉，然后使此粉体保持流动状态下，喷雾粘结剂溶液，使之凝集造粒，即成5％甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐水分散粒剂。
制剂实施例4：15％甲基阿维菌素水分散粒剂
原料 用量(重量份)
甲基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐 15.0
木质素磺酸钠 10.0
碳酸氢钠 30.0
柠檬酸 25.0
葡萄糖 10.0
聚乙烯醇 10.0
采用流化床造粒法，即先将甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐、木质素磺酸钠、碳酸氢钠、柠檬酸及葡萄糖进行超细粉碎，然后再喷雾聚乙烯醇，使之凝结造粒，即成15％甲氨基阿维菌素水分散粒剂。
生物实施例15％甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐水分散粒剂对小菜蛾室内毒力
在室外种植甘蓝，在橄榄生长中期接上小菜蛾虫蛹，连续繁殖两代后，在3-4龄幼虫盛发期，将幼虫采回室内，取健壮的4龄初期幼虫分别盛于去了底的养虫瓶内(直径6厘米，高10厘米)，瓶子上下两端分别用50目尼龙网扎紧，每瓶盛幼虫约25头备用。
每种药剂设6种浓度梯度，每种浓度设4次重复，每重复处理约25头4龄幼虫，将试虫分别浸入相应浓度的药液里，8秒后取出，用吸水纸吸去多余药液，再把虫转移到饲养瓶(直径9厘米，高10厘米)中，瓶内预先放置一张滤纸片，放入3-4片约8厘米长的新鲜小菜叶，瓶口用60目纱网扎紧以防其逃走，于养虫室室温下饲养，瓶内放置一小团脱脂棉并滴上清水保湿。处理后48小时检查记载各处理的存活虫数和死亡虫数。死亡标准：用昆虫针将其翻倒，不能正常复位爬行者即为死亡。对照用清水处理，设4次重复。
实验结果如下：
Y＝5.663+0.845X其LC50＝2.29 R＝0.9450
由此可知，5％甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐水分散粒剂(制剂实施例3)对小菜蛾的毒力较高，致死中浓度为2.29.
生物实施例2小菜蛾大田防治试验
结果见表1.
药效计算方法：
b、差异显著性分析采用“DMRT”法。
式中：CK0-对照区药前 pt0-处理区药前
CK1-对照区药后 pt1-处理区药后
表115％苯甲基阿维菌素水分散粒剂防治小菜蛾的田间药效试验
注：表中小写字母表示在95％置信区间上的差异显著性
由上表可知，15％甲氨基阿维菌素水分散粒剂(制剂实施例4)对小菜蛾具有较高的防效。
虽然上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施方案对本发明作了详尽的描述，但在本发明基础上，可以对之做一些修改或改进，这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此，在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进，均属于本发明要求保护的范围。
Claims (7)
1、一种杀虫的稳定性水分散粒剂，其特征在于各组成成分和重量百分比为：甲氨基阿维菌素0.1-90％，葡萄糖5-30％，分散剂和粘结剂5-20％，润湿剂1-10％，崩解剂1-5％，填料0-90％，各组分含量之和为100％。
2、根据权利要求1所述的水分散粒剂，其特征在于用甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐代替甲氨基阿维菌素。
3、根据权利要求1或2所述的水分散粒剂，其特征在于所述的分散剂为木质素磺酸盐，萘磺酸盐，萘磺酸-甲醛缩合物的钠、钾、铵和钙盐，聚丙烯酸和羧酸的钠、钾和铵盐，马来酸酐-异丁烯共聚物的钠盐以及水溶性非离子型聚合物中的任意一种或两种的组合。
4、根据权利要求1或2所述的水分散粒剂，其特征在于所述的粘结剂为聚合羧酸钠、阿拉伯胶、甲基纤维素、聚乙烯醇、聚乙二醇醚类、部分水解的淀粉、聚乙烷吡咯烷酮、葡萄糖、果糖、尿素中的任意一种或两种的组合。
5、根据权利要求1或2所述的水分散粒剂，其特征在于所述的润湿剂为烷基萘磺酸盐、脂肪酰胺N-甲基磺酸盐、烷基硫酸盐、烷基苯磺酸盐、烷基芳基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸盐中的任意一种或两种的组合。
6、根据权利要求1或2所述的水分散粒剂，其特征在于所述的崩解剂为膨润土、淀粉、羧甲基纤维素中的任一种或两种的组合。
7、根据权利要求1或2所述的水分散粒剂，其特征在于所述的填料为白炭黑、硅藻土、滑石、高岭土、粘土、轻质碳酸钙中的任意一种或两种的组合。
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| CN102475084A (zh) * | 2010-11-25 | 2012-05-30 | 上海农乐生物制品股份有限公司 | 甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐水分散粒剂及其制备方法 |
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| CN114342946B (zh) * | 2021-12-27 | 2023-01-17 | 陕西新指南针化工科技服务有限责任公司 | 一种甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐水剂及其制备方法 |
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