CN100537110C - 利用超声波焊接装置的金属管段密封切割装置 - Google Patents

利用超声波焊接装置的金属管段密封切割装置 Download PDF

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CN100537110C
CN100537110C CNB2004100759009A CN200410075900A CN100537110C CN 100537110 C CN100537110 C CN 100537110C CN B2004100759009 A CNB2004100759009 A CN B2004100759009A CN 200410075900 A CN200410075900 A CN 200410075900A CN 100537110 C CN100537110 C CN 100537110C
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solder side
sonotrode
solder
welding
longitudinal axis
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CN1676266A (zh
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D·奈斯
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Schunk Sonosystems GmbH
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Stapla Ultraschalltechnik GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/10—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating making use of vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/10—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating making use of vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic welding
    • B23K20/106—Features related to sonotrodes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B45/00—Arrangements for charging or discharging refrigerant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
    • B23K2101/06—Tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/74—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area
    • B29C65/743—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using the same tool for both joining and severing, said tool being monobloc or formed by several parts mounted together and forming a monobloc
    • B29C65/7443—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using the same tool for both joining and severing, said tool being monobloc or formed by several parts mounted together and forming a monobloc by means of ultrasonic vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81411—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
    • B29C66/81413—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being non-symmetrical
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81411—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
    • B29C66/81415—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being bevelled
    • B29C66/81419—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being bevelled and flat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81411—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
    • B29C66/81421—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being convex or concave
    • B29C66/81423—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being convex or concave being concave
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81427—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81431—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single cavity, e.g. a groove
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81433—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined being toothed, i.e. comprising several teeth or pins, or being patterned
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
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Abstract

本发明涉及利用超声波焊接装置对金属管进行密封和切割的装置，该装置具有超声焊极(54)、下电极(48)或对电极，其中超声焊极具有焊接面即第一焊接面(52)，下电极(48)具有与第一焊接面相对应的第二焊接面(86)。为了在不延长焊接时间或增加压下力的情况下实现最佳的金属管变形和焊接，本发明规定，第一焊接面和第二焊接面具有相同或基本相同的弯曲走向。

Description

利用超声波焊接装置的金属管段密封切割装置
技术领域
本发明涉及利用超声波焊接装置对金属管段进行不透流体的密封切割的装置，它包括具有第一焊接面的超声焊极、具有对应于第一焊接面的第二焊接面的对电极如下电极、从超声焊极开始并高出第一焊接面的切割部件，其中，第一焊接面在一个横向于超声焊极的纵轴线的平面里具有弧形走向。
背景技术
在测量和制冷技术的仪器设备中会使用管子。首先，对管子进行排气处理，然后再将冷气充入其中。为此，这些管子要和接头相连。在充气完毕后，管子的与接头相连的一段被切掉。为此要求，通向仪器或设备如冰箱或空调的管段是不透流体的。
解决这个问题比较常见的手段就是挤压法和硬焊法。有时也会使用粘结法，在粘结法中，充好气的管子通过与之粘结的盖子来被密封起来。
只要通过硬焊法来进行不透流体的密封，就会出现这样的问题，即如果在之前未对管子进行密封挤压的话，在密封时就会在涂上焊剂中形成气孔，这样从管子中逸出的空气就会进入气孔，从而形成泄漏。另外，这种技术只能使用FCKW流体，因为这种物质不可燃。
目前，FCKW绝大部分都由异丁烷代替，但这种物质非常容易发生爆炸。这样就无法使用硬焊方法，因此，出现了超声波焊接法，在超声波焊接法中，可以在一道工序中对先经过排气并随后用冷空气填充的管段进行挤压和不透流体的密封。
在常见的超声波焊接装置中中，超声焊极被用于不透流体的管段密封，这些超声焊极具有第一焊接面，在第一焊接面旁边延伸的是切割部件。相应的，在与超声焊极接触的对电极即下电极上具有与第一焊接面对应的第二焊接面，在第二焊接面的旁边是与上面的切割部件相对应的对应件如棱。
WO 03/076116 A1公开了相应的超声波焊接装置，通过该装置，首次能够无需更换工具地从左侧和右侧将管子与焊接位置切分开，在这里，对电极的焊接面是平的，而超声焊极的焊接面相对于对电极而言成隆凸形。
在JP 2003 334 669 A中介绍了一种超声波焊接装置，它可以将包有电绝缘层的电线与载体焊接在一起。为了去掉绝缘层，超声焊极具有带有自由空间的的肋片构造，绝缘层能被压入自由空间里。此外，超声焊极还具有凹形走向，其纵轴线横向于超声焊极的纵轴线延伸。
DE-A-1 479 511介绍了塑料材料的焊接装置。在塑料部件的焊接区域中，焊接面被相应地设计成平表面形状。
在US-A-4,517,790中提到了，为了焊接塑料薄膜，要使用这样的具有下电极的超声波焊接装置，即所述下电极在剖面中有很多圆弧形凸起，这些圆弧形凸起对应于超声焊极的平的焊接面。
发明内容
本发明要解决的问题就是进一步改造上述类型的装置，由此能够将管段可靠密封起来。
根据本发明，如此解决这一问题，即第一焊接面和第二焊接面具有相同的或者基本相同的弧形走向，并且第二焊接面呈沿所述超声焊极的纵轴线延伸的槽形。
与目前常见的技术不同，在本发明中，超声焊极和对电极或下电极的焊接面都朝同一个方向弯曲，这样，它们几乎能够形状匹配地吻合。在焊接管段时得到了以下优势，即可以在无需延长焊接时间和增大压下力的情况下实现最佳的成形和焊接。
在本发明的其它实施形式中，第一焊接面与对电极相关地具有凹弯形走向，这种凹弯走向由圆柱形部分构成。
当第一焊接面和第二焊接面接触时，其曲率中心应该是重合的或接近重合的。
当第一焊接面和/或第二焊接面的前后相继的部分的曲率中心位于同一中心直线上时，所述中心直线平行于或者大约平行于超声焊极的纵轴线，焊接效果非常好。此时，对相互配合的第一焊接面和第二焊接面来说，第一焊接面的中心直线和第二焊接面的中心直线应该相同或者相互平行或近似相互平行。
如果第一焊接面即超声焊极的焊接面具有平滑或几乎平滑的表面，那么对电极的焊接面应该沿其槽形走向形成有一些前后相继的突起。
这些突起应该是对称形成的，就是说，这些突起由与第二焊接面的纵向延长面垂直的平面相对称的侧壁来界定。同样，呈对称结构的还有将这些突起包围起来的沟形结构。这些突起的顶端应为尖棱结构。侧壁可以有范围为5度≤α≤20度的角度α。
还有一种可能性就是，第二焊接面被构造成螺纹的形状。与之相关的构造与前面提到的构造的区别是，对称平面不是垂直于第二焊接面的纵向延长面，而是相对其倾斜。此时，倾斜角度β的范围是0度β≤10度。
附图说明
从权利要求书、从权利要求书中单独和/和组合得到的技术特征以及以下对附图所示优选实施例的描述中，得到了本发明的其它细节、优点和特点，其中：
图1管段密封切割装置的原理图；
图2超声焊极和对应的下电极的第一实施例的前视图；
图3超声焊极和对应的下电极的第二实施例的前视图；
图4对应于图2的透视图；
图5放大表示图4的局部。
具体实施方式
热传感器、空调或冰箱所需的管子必须先进行抽空处理，并用冷却空气进行填充。然后，对管子进行密封。另外，如图1所示，管子10如压缩机的管(在不限制本发明的前提下)通过接头14与抽气装置或充气装置相连。在对管子进行抽气和冷气填充后，必须将管子10的一端进行不透流体的密封。同时，还必须将通向接头14的一管段16切除。
根据图1的原理图，管子10是左侧伸出压缩机12。当然，它完全可以从压缩机或其它测量仪器或制冷设备的右侧伸出。为了能够与管子10相对接头14或其它连接装置的相对位置无关地可靠密封或者封闭并切断管子与通向压缩机12的一管段18，可以如此形成超声波焊接装置的超声焊极20和对应的对电极或下电极21，即产生两个密封的焊接面，管子10在这两个焊接面之间被相互分开，即管段16和管段18。这样的设计方案的一个优点就是，通向接头14的管段16在外侧也被不透流体地密封起来，这样，在接头14中的超高压不会使气体经过管段16泄漏出去。
为了形成这两个彼此分开的密封区，超声焊极20有两个彼此分隔开的焊接面22，24，在它们之间是一个分割部件26。两个焊接面22，24具有凸弯的走向并且沿超声焊极20的纵轴线延伸。
根据图1，超声焊极20或者其顶端为对称性结构，因此，分割部件26和相邻的两个焊接面22，24也呈对称结构。
在对应于超声焊极20的对电极即下电极21上也有与焊接面22，24相对应的两个焊接面42，44，其形状与焊接面22，24的形状相对应，也就是说，具有凹弯走向，这种凹弯走向同样沿与超声焊极20的纵轴线平行或几乎平行的方向延伸。
在下电极21的焊接面42，44之间有一个通道状纵向空隙46，它穿过下电极21的端面。这个纵向空隙46开口处的宽度要小于其底部的宽度。此外，在底部可以设有凹坑，用来接纳切割时掉下的材料。
由于超声焊极20的被称为第一焊接面的焊接面22，24和下电极21的被称为第二焊接面的焊接面42，44都具有同方向的弯曲走向，所以，在对弯曲的金属部件如管壁段进行密封和焊接时，得到了非常好的焊接效果，这是因为焊接面22，24，42，46和位于它们之间的待焊金属部件如管壁段几乎是形状吻合的。
如果超声焊极20和下电极21在图1的实施例中被构造成在分割部件26的两侧分别有两个焊接面22，24和42，44，则根据图2、图4和图5的构造，也可以采取这样的实施形式，即下电极48只有一个焊接面50，超声焊极54也只有一个焊接面52。
与此无关，下电极48和超声焊极54的焊接面50，52具有同向弯曲的走向，因而如果所述焊接面50，52直接配合，则由此得到形状配合。下电极48的焊接面50有一段沿着或几乎是沿着超声焊极54的纵轴线形成的槽形构造；相应的，超声焊极54的焊接面52具有相对下电极48成隆凸弯曲的走向，这样的隆凸走向最好呈圆柱形表面的几何形状。在超声焊极54的焊接面52的旁边是一个刀刃58，刀刃58对应于下电极48的剪切棱60，当超声焊极54向下与下电极48接触时，夹在它们之间的待焊管段能被切开。另外，在下电极48的剪切棱60和焊接面50之间有一个通道状凹坑，它可以容纳在切割时掉下来的材料。
从图2中还可以看出，超声焊极54即其承受超声波的头部有两个焊接面，就是说，在焊接面52旁边有一个完全相对的带刀刃66的焊接面64，这样，通过使超声焊极54绕其纵轴线转动，可以使焊接面52和64中的一个焊接面对准下电极48及其焊接面50。
图3所示实施例的原理基本对应于图1所示实施例，其中，超声焊极68的顶端有两个凸出的焊接面70、72，可分别和下电极78的两个焊接面74、76相接触。为实现上述各优点，焊接面70、72、74和76都是同方向弯曲的。
根据图2所示，超声焊极68可以绕其纵轴线80旋转，从而使两对焊接面70、72和82、84中的一对与下电极78接触。或者说，超声焊极68就象转动刀具，它具有焊接面70、72和82、84。
焊接面22、24、42、46、50、52、64、70、72、74、76、82、84沿各超声焊极20、54、68及其纵轴线80延伸，其中，超声焊极20、54、68的焊接面22、24、52、64、70、72、82、84和超声焊极的顶端最好未被结构化，就是说，它们的表面都很光滑。与此相反，各个对电极或下电极21、48、78的焊接面42、44、50、74、76都最好具有结构，这些结构横向于超声焊极20、54、68的纵轴线延伸。图5原则上示出了所述构造。在这里，放大示出了下电极48的焊接面50。如图所示，焊接面50具有凹弯走向的槽形形状。在这里，所述焊接面50由连续的突起来结构化，所述突起例如由90、92、94、96表示。这些突起的末端是尖的并且由对称于所述凸起90，92，94，96的中心平面的侧壁来界定。在不限制本发明的前提下，这些侧壁可以包夹出一个角度α，其大小为5度≤α≤20度。
突起90、92、94、96最好在横向于超声焊极54的纵轴线的平面上延伸。但有时也能相对纵轴线偏移，因此，该结构由对应于螺纹局部的几何形状形成。
从上面的示意图中可以看出，第一焊接面和第二焊接面22、24、52、64、70、72、82、84；42、44、50、74、76的前后相继部分的曲率中心(圆弧中心点)位于各自中心直线上，所述中心直线与超声焊极纵轴80平行或近似平行。这时，对于彼此相配合的两组焊接面22、24、52、64、70、72、82、84；42、44、50、74、76来说，第一焊接面22、24、52、64、70、72、82、84及第二焊接面42、44、50、74、76、86的中心直线是彼此配合的或是平行的或近似平行的。

Claims (11)

1.利用超声波焊接装置对金属管段(16，18)进行不透流体的密封和切割的装置，它包括具有第一焊接面(22，24，52，64，70，72，82，84)的超声焊极(20，54，68)、具有对应于第一焊接面的第二焊接面(42，44，50，74，76)的对电极或下电极(21，48，78)以及从超声焊极开始并高出第一焊接面的切割部件(26)，第一焊接面在横向于所述超声焊极的纵轴线的平面上具有弧形走向，其特征在于，所述第一焊接面和第二焊接面(22，24，42，44，50，52，64，70，72，74，76，82，84)具有相同或基本相同的弯曲走向，所述第二焊接面(42，44，50，74，76)具有槽形几何形状，该槽形几何形状沿所述超声焊极(20，54，68)的纵轴线(80)延伸。
2.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一焊接面(22，24，52，64，70，72，82，84)相对所述对电极(21，48，78)具有隆凸形走向，所述隆凸形走向由圆柱形表面部分形成。
3.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，对彼此配合的第一焊接面和第二焊接面(22，24，42，44；52，70，72；74，76；86)来说，它们的曲率中心相互重合或者几乎重合。
4.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一焊接面和第二焊接面(22，24，52，64，70，72，82，84；42，44，50，74，76)的前后相继的部分的曲率中心分别在一条与所述超声焊极的纵轴线(80)平行或近似平行的中心直线上。
5.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，对彼此配合的第一焊接面和第二焊接面(22，24，42，44；52，70，72；74，76；86)来说，所述第一焊接面(22，24，52，64，70，72，82，84)的中心直线和第二焊接面(42，44，50，74，76，86)的中心直线是彼此配合或是平行或几乎平行的。
6.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一焊接面(22，24，52，64，70，72，82，84)具有光滑或近似光滑的表面。
7.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第二焊接面(42，44，50，74，76，86)是沿其槽形走向由前后相继的一些突起(90，92，94，96)构成。
8.如权利要求7所述的装置，其特征在于，前后相继的这些突起(90，92，94，96)之间的距离相等或几乎相等。
9.如权利要求7或8所述的装置，其特征在于，这些突起(90，92，94，96)由与所述第二焊接面(42，44，50，74，76)的纵向延长面垂直的平面相对称的侧壁界定。
10.如权利要求9所述的装置，其特征在于，这些突起(90，92，94，96)的侧壁包夹出一个角度α，其范围是5度≤α≤20度。
11.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第二焊接面(42，44，50，74，76)具有呈螺纹段形式的构造和形状。
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