CN100535139C - 酸浸-硫化沉淀联合工艺回收ito废料中铟锡的方法 - Google Patents

酸浸-硫化沉淀联合工艺回收ito废料中铟锡的方法 Download PDF

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CN100535139C
CN100535139C CNB2007100660247A CN200710066024A CN100535139C CN 100535139 C CN100535139 C CN 100535139C CN B2007100660247 A CNB2007100660247 A CN B2007100660247A CN 200710066024 A CN200710066024 A CN 200710066024A CN 100535139 C CN100535139 C CN 100535139C
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indium
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sulfide precipitation
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王树楷
王浩洋
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Abstract

本发明是一种酸浸—硫化沉淀联合工艺回收ITO废料中铟锡的方法具体步骤是:将磨细的ITO废料加酸浸出;浸出液中加入Na2S,进行硫化沉锡;过滤掉沉淀物得酸浸液,对酸浸液进行加铝置换,得海绵铟;将海绵铟进行电解提纯和熔铸得精铟锭产品;过滤得到的沉淀物即为锡渣产品。本发明利用锡、铟硫化物溶度积的差异,将溶浸和净化工序两者联合进行,缩短了工序,减少了作业,降低了建设投资和生产成本,克服了现有酸浸易生成锡胶沉淀,过滤困难的缺点,避免了酸浸液中和水解锡或铟片置换锡反应时间长、温度高、粗锡产品分离不彻底,质量低的问题,浸出率高,产品优质,经济效益显著。

Description

酸浸-硫化沉淀联合工艺回收ITO废料中铟锡的方法
技术领域
本发明属于一种酸浸-硫化沉淀联合工艺回收ITO废料中铟锡的方法。
背景技术
ITO为铟锡复合氧化物Indium and Tin Oxide的简称。伴随着液晶显示的发展,用于透明电极的铟锡氧化物(ITO)需求量急剧增加。目前,世界上的发达国家如日本、美国、法国等国将70%左右的铟用于制备ITO靶材,但ITO靶材利用率较低,一般仅30%左右,这些废料中还有大量的铟,铟价昂贵,因此从ITO废料中回收铟的问题有待解决。
国内由于ITO制造还不发达,ITO废料的回收尚未起步,但随着我国电子工业的飞速发展,完全可以预期,ITO废料的回收问题不久也将会和国外一样,对这个问题的研究,寻找相应的回收技术和工艺意义十分重大。
ITO废靶材系-固态物料,其回收多采用湿法工艺,这就须先进行无机酸溶浸,让有价金属锡和铟溶解进入溶液,再分别提取之。由于锡在酸性条件下易生成锡胶沉淀,在锡含量高时(Sn>1g/L),则会造成严重的过滤困难,导致工艺难以进行下去,必须予以改进。此外含铟、锡溶液的分离除锡,多用中和水解或铟片置换的方法,反应时间长、温度高、粗锡产品分离不彻底、质量低,亦应改进。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提出一种经济、高效、实用的酸浸-硫化沉淀联合工艺回收ITO废料中铟锡的方法,以解决ITO废料难以回收,资源浪费大的问题。
本发明提出的这种酸浸-硫化沉淀联合工艺回收ITO废料中铟锡的方法,其特征在于含有如下步骤:
(1)将磨细的ITO废料加酸浸出;
(2)浸出液中加入Na2S,进行硫化沉锡;
(3)过滤掉沉淀物得酸浸液,对酸浸液进行加铝置换,得海绵铟;
(4)将海绵铟进行电解提纯和熔铸得精铟锭产品;
(5)过滤得到的沉淀物即为锡渣产品。
为了使铟充分地被浸出,对过滤得到的沉淀物需进行多段酸浸。所加酸为硫酸和盐酸的混酸,混酸浓度为H2SO4100-150g/L,HCl 20-60g/L。
酸浸作业的温度为50-85℃,重量液固比为:3-10∶1,浸出时间为2-4小时。
硫化沉淀作业中Na2S加入量为理论计算量的1.03-0.7倍。
硫化沉淀作业紧接着酸浸完成之后,在同一容器中进行。
加铝置换作业中加入片碱NaOH,以调整pH为1.5--3.0,所加之铝为片状或板状。
末次硫化沉淀作业的滤渣经酸洗过滤后,所得洗液返回上段酸浸作业。
加铝转换作业后得到的后液为强酸性,需进行无害化处理,具体是加石灰乳中和除杂,废液达标后方能排放。
本发明所依据的原理是硫化沉淀,铟和锡的金属硫化物具有不同溶度积(lg Ksp[SnS]=-25.53,lg Ksp[In2S3]=-75.24),而In2S3的溶度积比SnS低得多,即锡较之铟易生成硫化沉淀,选用加入Na2S的方式,让锡生成硫化沉淀从溶液中优先除去,再从浸出液中提取铟,达到二者分离的目的。
本发明利用锡、铟硫化物溶度积的差异,创造性地将溶浸工序、净化工序两者巧妙地联合进行,从而创新了工艺技术,与现有技术相比,解决了酸浸过程中易生成锡胶沉淀,过滤困难的缺点,避免了酸浸液中和水解锡或铟片置换锡反应时间长、温度高、粗锡产品分离不彻底,以及质量低的问题,缩短了工序,减少了作业,降低了建设投资和生产成本。本发明操作简便、产品优质,铟锡的浸出率高,经济效益显著。
附图说明
附图1为本发明工艺流程图。
附图2为现有同类技术工艺原则流程图。
附图3为本发明工艺原则流程图。
从附图2和附图3的比较中不难看出,本发明的工艺流程较现有技术的要短许多,工序也少许多,这是本发明投资省、生产成本低的内在原因。
具体实施方式
将一批含In72.06%,Sn8.78%,细度-150目的ITO废料用上述方法进行处理,主要工艺技术条件和所得技术指标如下表:
Figure C20071006602400051
液固分离速度达0.42m3/m2h,为正常滤速。流程中其他工序环保上与常规无显著差异。上表中的Na2S加入量以理论计算量为基准。酸浸作业的重量液固比为3-10∶1。加铝置换作业的pH为1.5--3.0,所加之铝为片状或板状。其作条件如上所述。

Claims (6)

1、一种酸浸-硫化沉淀联合工艺回收ITO废料中铟锡的方法,其特征在于含有如下步骤:
(1)将磨细的ITO废料加酸浸出,
(2)浸出液中加入Na2S,进行硫化沉锡,硫化沉淀作业紧接着酸浸完成之后,在同一容器中进行;
(3)过滤掉沉淀物得酸浸液,对酸浸液进行加铝置换,得海绵铟;
(4)将海绵铟进行电解提纯和熔铸得精铟锭产品;
(5)过滤得到的沉淀物即为锡渣产品。
2、根据权利要求1所述的酸浸-硫化沉淀联合工艺回收ITO废料中铟锡的方法,其特征在于对过滤得到的沉淀物进行多段酸浸,所加酸为硫酸和盐酸的混酸,混酸浓度为H2SO4 100-150g/L,HCl 20-60g/L。
3、根据权利要求1所述的酸浸-硫化沉淀联合工艺回收ITO废料中钢锡的方法,其特征在于酸浸作业的温度为50-85℃,体积重量液固比为:3-10∶1,浸出时间为2-4小时。
4、根据权利要求1所述的酸浸-硫化沉淀联合工艺回收ITO废料中铟锡的方法,其特征在于硫化沉淀作业中Na2S加入量为理论计算量的1.03-0.7倍。
5、根据权利要求1所述的酸浸-硫化沉淀联合工艺回收ITO废料中铟锡的方法,其特征在于加铝置换作业pH为1.5--3.0,所加之铝为片状或板状。
6、根据权利要求1或2所述的酸浸-硫化沉淀联合工艺回收ITO废料中铟锡的方法,其特征在于末次硫化沉淀作业的滤渣经酸洗过滤后,所得洗液返回上段酸浸作业。
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CN102912155A (zh) * 2012-09-20 2013-02-06 福建省固体废物处置有限公司 含锡电镀污泥的回收处理工艺
CN103046108B (zh) * 2012-12-24 2017-03-29 上海申和热磁电子有限公司 电解工艺在ito膜洗净中的应用
CN104651617A (zh) * 2015-02-16 2015-05-27 广西德邦科技有限公司 一种从碱渣中提取铟的方法
CN106676579B (zh) * 2017-01-05 2018-10-23 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 处理氧化锡铟刻蚀废液的方法
CN110342465B (zh) * 2019-06-20 2023-01-20 安庆市鑫祥瑞环保科技有限公司 一种ito刻蚀废液中氧化铟锡和废酸的回收方法
CN110408958B (zh) * 2019-08-28 2021-08-13 广东先导稀材股份有限公司 一种从铟锡合金中分离回收锡和铟的方法
CN112626343B (zh) * 2020-12-15 2022-08-26 株洲火炬安泰新材料有限公司 一种ito废靶回收金属铟锡的方法
CN114835145A (zh) * 2022-04-20 2022-08-02 柳州华锡有色设计研究院有限责任公司 一种利用ito靶材废液制备纯氯化铝的方法
CN115418501A (zh) * 2022-09-02 2022-12-02 合肥工业大学 一种从废弃ito玻璃中回收金属铟的方法

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