CN100522869C - 一种纳米级掺杂四硼酸铝钇颗粒的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种纳米级掺杂四硼酸铝钇颗粒的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种纳米级掺杂四硼酸铝钇颗粒的制备方法,属于精细化工领域。本发明的主要特征是以钇,铝,掺杂稀土离子和硼酸的水溶液为原料,以有机胺为沉淀剂,沉淀前驱体经过滤、干燥、煅烧,可获得平均粒径为50纳米的掺杂四硼酸铝钇颗粒。该方法突出特点是:采用湿化学方法,以无机盐为原料,获得无团聚,粒径分布窄的掺杂四硼酸铝钇纳米颗粒。该方法工艺简单,生产成本低,易实现大规模生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于精细化工领域,尤其是涉及纳米级掺杂四硼酸铝钇颗粒的制备方法。
背景技术
四硼酸铝钇(YAB)晶体是一种性能优良的非线性光学材料,其组成式为YxRe1-xAl3(BO3)4,Re为掺杂稀土离子。如掺入激活钕离子Nd3+,可实现自倍频激光复合功能,其既有激光晶体的受激发射功能,又有非线性光学晶体的非线性光学转换功能,可实现自激活、自倍频、自锁模等功能,适于制备微型激光器。近年来,随着半导体激光泵浦和全固态激光器的突破,使得激光非线性光学晶体具用广阔的应用前景。生长掺杂四硼酸铝钇晶体需要高质量的晶体生长原料,即要求粉体纯度高、掺杂均匀,工艺简单。这样有利于减少晶体中杂质,避免色心等缺陷出现,提高晶体的质量和成品率。YAB在制备激光非线性光学复合功能薄膜领域也具有潜在应用前景,如以YAB纳米颗粒为原料,因其小尺寸效应,熔点将降低,有利于制备高质量的激光非线性复合功能薄膜和降低对薄膜基底材料的要求。因此制备掺杂YAB纳米粉体,具有重要科学意义和潜在应用前景。
目前制备掺杂YAB主要是高温固相反应法,其通过相应氧化物在高温下煅烧得到掺杂YAB粉体,具有反应周期长,掺杂效果不好,易引入杂质,颗粒较大等缺点。沉淀法是一种大规模制备纳米粉体的方法,其优点是工艺简单,掺杂离子能在分子级均匀掺杂,反应条件温和,易实现大规模生产。一般采用氨水、氢氧化钠等无机碱作共沉淀剂,对于掺杂四硼酸铝钇,其存在三种以上离子,因其溶度积不同,常规的沉淀剂很难同时把所有离子完全沉淀下来,易得到非YAB组成比的沉淀物,最后煅烧产物为不纯的YAB产物。采用沉淀法制备YAB粉体未见文献报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种纳米级掺杂四硼酸铝钇颗粒的制备方法。
本发明采用沉淀法,以有机胺为沉淀剂,把钇,铝,掺杂稀土阳离子和硼酸阴离子按YAB的组成比沉淀下,经热处理制得掺杂YAB纳米颗粒。
实现本发明目的的技术方案是:
钇、铝和掺杂稀土离子选用其分析纯硝酸盐,硼离子选用分析纯硼酸,控制浓度为5.0-0.05mol/L。采用有机胺溶液为沉淀剂,如二甲胺,二乙胺,三乙胺、三乙醇胺等,控制浓度为5.0-0.05mol/L,沉淀过程中应控制pH值为7-11并充分搅拌,保证所有离子都均匀沉淀完全,制得白色胶状沉淀。
白色沉淀先用去离子水洗涤多次,再用有机溶剂洗涤多次,如无水乙醇,丙酮等。为了去除沉淀中残留的水分和有机溶剂,在普通烘箱中100-120℃间干燥2-6小时。
为了把沉淀前驱体转变成氧化物,处理后的白色沉淀物在950-1150℃范围内煅烧2-6小时,制得白色粉体。如果煅烧温度过低,生成YAB不完全,纯度低,如果温度过高,YAB晶粒生长,粒径变大。
制备的掺钕YAB颗粒的透射电子显微镜形貌分析,表明制备的YAB颗粒的粒径分布窄,平均粒径为50纳米,基本无团聚;其粉末X射线衍射分析表明,所有特征峰为YAB相,未出现其它杂峰;其EDS能谱分析表明,钇、铌离子摩尔比Y:Nd约为9:1。本发明的优点是:制备工艺简单,设备要求低,原料为无机盐,生产成本低,易实现大规模生产;YAB颗粒粒径为纳米级,粒径分布窄,基本无团聚;掺杂稀土离子采用液液混合,掺杂效果好。
具体实施方式
实例1:
把Y(NO3)3、Al(NO3)3和H3BO3分别溶于蒸馏水中,钇、铝和硼离子的浓度分别为0.6mol/L、1.0mol/L和1.0mol/L,把这三种溶液按摩尔比为1:3:4混合,剧烈搅拌下,滴加适量的二乙胺溶液,得到白色胶状沉淀,pH值为10左右。抽滤,蒸馏水洗2次,无水乙醇洗2次,在110℃干燥4小时,研磨过筛,然后放在高温炉中1000℃煅烧4小时,获得平均粒径为80纳米的YAB粉体。
实例2:
把Y(NO3)3、Al(NO3)3和H3BO3分别溶于蒸馏水中,钇、铝和硼离子的浓度分别为0.3mol/L、0.5mol/L和0.5mol/L,把这三种溶液按摩尔比为1:3:4混合,剧烈搅拌下,滴加适量的二甲胺溶液,得到白色胶状沉淀,pH值为9左右。抽滤,蒸馏水洗2次,无水乙醇洗2次,在120℃干燥4小时,研磨过筛,然后放在高温炉中1050℃煅烧4小时,获得平均粒径为50纳米的YAB粉体。
实例3:
把Y(NO3)3、Nd(NO3)3、Al(NO3)3和H3BO3分别溶于蒸馏水中,钇、钕、铝和硼离子的浓度分别为0.3mol/L、0.3mol/L、0.5mol/L和0.5mol/L,把这四种溶液按摩尔比为0.9:0.1:3:4混合,剧烈搅拌下,滴加适量的二甲胺溶液,得到白色胶状沉淀,pH值为9左右。抽滤,蒸馏水洗2次,无水乙醇洗2次,在120℃干燥4小时,研磨过筛,然后放在高温炉中1000℃煅烧4小时,获得平均粒径为50纳米的掺钕YAB粉体。
实例4:
把Y(NO3)3、Nd(NO3)3、Al(NO3)3和H3BO3分别溶于蒸馏水中,钇、钕、铝和硼离子的浓度分别为0.6mol/L、0.6mol/L、1.0mol/L和1.0mol/L,把这四种溶液按摩尔比为0.9:0.1:3:4混合,剧烈搅拌下,滴加适量的三乙醇胺溶液,得到白色胶状沉淀,pH值为10左右。抽滤,蒸馏水洗2次,无水乙醇洗2次,在110℃干燥4小时,研磨过筛,然后放在高温炉中1100℃煅烧4小时,获得平均粒径为70纳米的掺钕YAB粉体。
实例5:
把Y(NO3)3、Nd(NO3)3、Al(NO3)3和H3BO3分别溶于蒸馏水中,钇、钕、铝和硼离子的浓度分别为0.3mol/L、0.3mol/L、0.5mol/L和0.5mol/L,把这四种溶液按摩尔比为0.9:0.1:3:4混合,剧烈搅拌下,滴加适量的三乙胺溶液,得到白色胶状沉淀,pH值为9左右。抽滤,蒸馏水洗2次,无水乙醇洗2次,在110℃干燥4小时,研磨过筛,然后放在高温炉中1000℃煅烧4小时,获得平均粒径为50纳米的掺钕YAB粉体。
Claims (1)
1、一种掺杂钕的四硼酸铝钇纳米级颗粒的制备方法,它包括沉淀、煅烧过程,其特征在于:
(1)钇、铝、掺杂钕离子选用相应的硝酸盐为原料,硼离子选用硼酸为原料,各离子浓度为5.0-0.05mol/L,各离子水溶液先混合,然后与沉淀剂作用生成沉淀前驱体;
(2)沉淀剂采用有机胺溶液,浓度为5.0-0.05mol/L;前述有机胺为二甲胺或二乙胺或三乙胺或三乙醇胺;
(3)沉淀过程中,溶液pH值控制为7-11,并且溶液充分搅拌,制得白色胶状沉淀后采用去离子水和有机洗涤剂充分洗涤;
(4)煅烧温度为950-1150℃,时间为2-6小时,制备白色粉体。
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稀土四硼酸双盐体系晶体的探索和研究. 王继扬等.自热科学进展,第9卷第10期. 1999 * |
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