CN1004716B - 主要用于支撑电线的塑料杆 - Google Patents

主要用于支撑电线的塑料杆 Download PDF

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CN1004716B
CN1004716B CN86103535.6A CN86103535A CN1004716B CN 1004716 B CN1004716 B CN 1004716B CN 86103535 A CN86103535 A CN 86103535A CN 1004716 B CN1004716 B CN 1004716B
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fiber
bar
winding
winding angle
density
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CN86103535A (zh
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彼尔里·伯里尔斯
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Manufacture dAppareillage Electrique de Cahors SA
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Manufacture dAppareillage Electrique de Cahors SA
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Priority to CN 88100488 priority Critical patent/CN1010093B/zh
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C53/00Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C53/56Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally
    • B29C53/58Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically
    • B29C53/60Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically using internal forming surfaces, e.g. mandrels
    • B29C53/62Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically using internal forming surfaces, e.g. mandrels rotatable about the winding axis
    • B29C53/66Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically using internal forming surfaces, e.g. mandrels rotatable about the winding axis with axially movable winding feed member, e.g. lathe type winding
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04HBUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H12/00Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
    • E04H12/02Structures made of specified materials

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
  • Insulating Bodies (AREA)
  • Insulation, Fastening Of Motor, Generator Windings (AREA)
  • Insulators (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
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Abstract

主要用于支撑电线的塑料杆(1)由缠绕纤维(2)来加固,纤维缠绕密度从杆(1)的底部到顶部是逐渐减小的,从而使杆(1)沿长度方向具有不同的机械特性。

Description

主要用于在支撑电线的塑料杆
本发明涉及一种主要用于支撑电线的塑料杆,这种塑料杆由相对于其主轴切向布置的纤维绕线来加固。
人们已经了解了那种布有沿杆的纵向延伸的玻璃纤维的塑料杆。这种杆的横截面随着弯曲应力的变化从底部到上部是逐渐变小的。所以一般来讲,这种杆是截锥形的。
另外,人们也已知道,属于这一类的塑料杆根据不同的设计可通过缠绕纤维从外部加固。在已知的设计中,缠绕纤维的方法是,将在非凝聚态树脂中浸过的纤维带,相对于截锥形杆以一定的角度拉向杆,让杆绕其轴线转动,同时平行于轴地从杆的底部到上部移动纤维带。这种已知的缠绕方式使得纤维在杆的整个长度上形成间距不变的绕线,即纤维的密度分布沿杆的全长是均匀的。随着浸在纤维外边的树脂凝聚,便将纤维牢固地连接在塑料杆上。
在德国专利申请№.3039141中公开了另一种具体用于支撑电线的塑料杆,这种塑料杆也是由缠绕纤维来加固的,但是它的缠绕厚度却是从杆底到杆顶逐渐减小的。然而,这种专利技术是用于制造彼此端接的塑料杆组件的,缠绕纤维的目的实质上是用于实现杆件间的端接组装。为了在杆的纵向上获得给定的机械强度,采用这种结构就需要大量的纤维。另外,这种方法复杂、效率低,将纤维缠绕在杆上的生产和操作费用高。这是因为在生产中需要经常地改变每层纤维相对于杆轴的倾斜度和沿杆轴方向的长度,从而妨碍了大批生产。
因此,本发明的目的就是提供一种可以高效低成本地生产的由外部缠绕纤维来加固的塑料杆。
本发明的主要用于支撑电线的塑料杆,具有纵轴线X-X′以及一个用于插到地中的底部和一个用于支撑载荷的顶部。这种塑料杆由缠绕密度从杆底到杆顶逐渐减小的纤维绕线加固。此塑料杆具有一个单件式整体挤压成型的塑料芯管,管壁中填充有沿杆的纵向延伸的纤维。芯管在其纵向具有高的机械强度,并由缠绕的多层纤维加固。每根纤维相对于垂直于杆纵轴线X-X′的平面的缠绕角为α。每一层纤维中的相邻纤维彼此相隔一定距离。这种杆的特征是:在每一层纤维中每根纤维的缠绕角α以及相邻纤维彼此的间距从杆底到杆顶是逐渐增大的。其结果是,既减少了纤维用量,又使杆从杆底到杆顶具有所需的机械强度。
根据本发明的圆柱形的整体式(一件式)塑料杆,首先是通过简单、经济的已知的拉挤操作成型的,这种操作可用于高效连续地大批生产,而通过沿杆的纵向填充纤维,可使杆在纵向具有高的机械强度。
应该指出的是,上面所用的术语“圆柱形从广义上讲还包括那些横截面为外凸形的形体。
在将连续的纤维相对于垂直于杆纵轴的平面以从杆底到杆顶逐渐增大的缠绕角(即缠绕密度逐渐减小)缠绕加固塑料杆后,塑料杆便具有与那种横截面从杆底到杆顶逐渐缩小的杆相同的机械特性,而且完全适用于支撑输电线。
上述的这种缠绕操作可高效、连续地进行,因此适于大批生产,导致产品成本降低。
杆中纵向延伸的纤维密度和外部缠绕的纤维密度可控制在最佳状态,以便在材料消耗最少的情况下使杆具有所需的机械特性。
在本发明的一个最佳实施例中,塑料杆至少缠绕两层纤维,第二层纤维的缠绕角与第一层的相反。
这样层叠的结果是,有可能补偿第一层纤维中各圈纤维带沿杆的纵向所产生的间断。
本发明的另一个特征是,塑料杆的顶部由电绝缘物质的套筒覆盖,这个套筒具有一些固定电线用的支架。在由套筒覆盖的杆的那部分上的对应于电线支架处的纤维缠绕的密度比电线支架之间区域的要大。这样就可以加强杆上与电线支架相对的区域,这个区域正是承受较强的机械应力的地方。
本发明的其它特征和优点,将会从下面结合附图对最佳实施例的说明中体现出来。
图1是本发明的加固的杆的截断示意图;
图2是杆的截断示意图,它表示是缠绕纤维的状态。
在图1所示的实施例中,支撑电线的杆1由塑料材料制成,在杆的纵向充以纤维。
杆1为圆柱形管,由拉挤制成,并通过缠绕纤维2从外部加固。
根据本发明,纤维缠绕的密度从杆底到杆顶是逐渐减小的,因此杆稍稍呈现圆锥形。
纤维密度的分布使得杆下部具有最大的抗弯和抗挠强度,并且抗弯强度向着杆顶逐渐减小,这一点与常规的圆锥杆是相同的。
如图2所示,相对于垂直于杆1的轴线X-X′的平面,纤维2的缠绕角α0、α从杆底到杆顶是逐渐增大的。
圆柱形杆1最好缠绕两层纤维2,第二层纤维的缠绕角与第一层的缠绕角(α0、α)相反。
在图1所示的实施例中,还可以明显地看出,杆1的顶部由套筒3覆盖。套筒3由电绝缘材料(如硅酮树脂)制成,并具有波浪形侧面,其上装设一些用于固定电线的支架4、5、6,在由套筒3覆盖的杆1的那部分,与支架4、5、6对应地设有区域4a、5a、6a,在这些区域中的纤维缠绕密度比位于支架4、5、6之间的区域的缠绕密度大。另外,最靠近杆1顶端的区域6a中的纤维缠绕密度比离顶端较远的区域5a、4a中的大。
如图2所示,缠绕纤维是利用已知的方法实现的,即把纤维丝浸到处于未凝聚状态的树脂中制成纤维带,然后将纤维带以预定的初始缠绕角α0供到杆1的一端。
在驱动杆1绕其轴线X-X′转动的同时,将纤维带以平行于杆轴X-X′的方向沿杆1从其底部到顶部地移动。
根据本发明,多条平行的纤维带被同时供到杆1上,而纤维带彼此间的间距在纤维带在杆1的底部到顶部间的移动期间是逐渐增大的。
实际上,初始缠绕角α0和最终缠绕角α的差值小于10°。
应该注意到,本发明不限于上述的实施例,在不超出本发明范围及构思的情况下,可以作出许多修改。
最后,值得注意的一点是,本发明的杆除了用于支撑电线外,还可作其它应用。

Claims (3)

1、一种主要用于支撑电线的塑料杆(1),具有一条纵轴线X-X′以及一个用于插入地中的底部和一个用于支撑载荷的顶部,并由外部缠绕纤维(2)来加固,纤维缠绕密度从杆底到杆顶逐渐减小,杆(1)是由拉挤成型的单件式整体塑料芯管,管壁中充有沿杆的纵向延伸的纤维,所述芯管在其纵向上具有高的机械强度,所述芯管由多层纤维缠绕加固,每根纤维相对于垂直于杆轴X-X′的平面的缠绕角为(α),而同一层纤维中相邻纤维彼此间隔一定距离,其特征是,每一层纤维中的每根纤维缠绕角(α)和所述的相邻纤维的间距从杆底到杆顶是逐渐增大的。
2、根据权利要求1的杆,其特征是,杆(1)由第一层和第二层纤维缠绕加固,第二层纤维的纤维的缠绕角与第一层纤维的纤维缠绕角相反。
3、根据权利要求1或2的杆,其特征是,杆(1)的顶部由一个电绝缘材料的套筒(3)覆盖,套筒(3)具有用于固定载荷的支架(4、5、6),在杆由套筒覆盖的那部分上的对应于支架(4,5,6)处的纤维缠绕密度比位于所述支架之间的纤维缠绕密度要大。
CN86103535.6A 1985-05-28 1986-05-27 主要用于支撑电线的塑料杆 Expired CN1004716B (zh)

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CN 88100488 CN1010093B (zh) 1985-05-28 1988-02-02 主要用于在支撑电线的塑料杆上实现纤维绕线的装置

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FR8507952A FR2582705B1 (fr) 1985-05-28 1985-05-28 Poteau en matiere plastique pour supporter notamment des lignes electriques et dispositif pour realiser un enroulement de fibres sur ce poteau
FR8507952 1985-05-28

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DE3039141A1 (de) * 1980-10-16 1982-05-19 Vulkan Werk für Industrie- und Außenbeleuchtung GmbH, 5000 Köln Mast fuer beleuchtungskoerper, signalkoerper, freileitungen u. dgl.
DE3277865D1 (en) * 1982-07-19 1988-02-04 Boeing Co Method and apparatus for fiber lamination

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Publication number Publication date
FI80942C (fi) 1990-08-10
EP0204607B1 (fr) 1990-07-18
FI862236A (fi) 1986-11-29
FI862236A0 (fi) 1986-05-27
FR2582705A1 (fr) 1986-12-05
ES8707580A1 (es) 1987-08-01
JPS621982A (ja) 1987-01-07
FI80942B (fi) 1990-04-30
US4769967A (en) 1988-09-13
ES555358A0 (es) 1987-08-01
CA1296504C (fr) 1992-03-03
EP0204607A1 (fr) 1986-12-10
ES557518A0 (es) 1987-10-16
ATE54707T1 (de) 1990-08-15
DE204607T1 (de) 1987-03-19
NO862036L (no) 1986-12-01
DE3672699D1 (de) 1990-08-23
CN86103535A (zh) 1986-11-26
JPH0633688B2 (ja) 1994-05-02
FR2582705B1 (fr) 1990-04-20
US4878984A (en) 1989-11-07
ES8800393A1 (es) 1987-10-16

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