CN100460842C - 绝对转动角度和转矩的检测装置 - Google Patents

绝对转动角度和转矩的检测装置 Download PDF

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CN100460842C
CN100460842C CNB2004800009509A CN200480000950A CN100460842C CN 100460842 C CN100460842 C CN 100460842C CN B2004800009509 A CNB2004800009509 A CN B2004800009509A CN 200480000950 A CN200480000950 A CN 200480000950A CN 100460842 C CN100460842 C CN 100460842C
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gear
rotational angle
absolute rotational
torque
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CN1701221A (zh
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御池幸司
植平清孝
牛原正晴
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Panasonic Holdings Corp
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62DMOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D6/00Arrangements for automatically controlling steering depending on driving conditions sensed and responded to, e.g. control circuits
    • B62D6/08Arrangements for automatically controlling steering depending on driving conditions sensed and responded to, e.g. control circuits responsive only to driver input torque
    • B62D6/10Arrangements for automatically controlling steering depending on driving conditions sensed and responded to, e.g. control circuits responsive only to driver input torque characterised by means for sensing or determining torque
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62DMOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D15/00Steering not otherwise provided for
    • B62D15/02Steering position indicators ; Steering position determination; Steering aids
    • B62D15/021Determination of steering angle
    • B62D15/0215Determination of steering angle by measuring on the steering column
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62DMOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D15/00Steering not otherwise provided for
    • B62D15/02Steering position indicators ; Steering position determination; Steering aids
    • B62D15/021Determination of steering angle
    • B62D15/0245Means or methods for determination of the central position of the steering system, e.g. straight ahead position
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G01D5/142Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices
    • G01D5/145Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices influenced by the relative movement between the Hall device and magnetic fields
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01LMEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L3/00Measuring torque, work, mechanical power, or mechanical efficiency, in general
    • G01L3/02Rotary-transmission dynamometers
    • G01L3/04Rotary-transmission dynamometers wherein the torque-transmitting element comprises a torsionally-flexible shaft
    • G01L3/10Rotary-transmission dynamometers wherein the torque-transmitting element comprises a torsionally-flexible shaft involving electric or magnetic means for indicating
    • G01L3/101Rotary-transmission dynamometers wherein the torque-transmitting element comprises a torsionally-flexible shaft involving electric or magnetic means for indicating involving magnetic or electromagnetic means
    • G01L3/104Rotary-transmission dynamometers wherein the torque-transmitting element comprises a torsionally-flexible shaft involving electric or magnetic means for indicating involving magnetic or electromagnetic means involving permanent magnets
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D2205/00Indexing scheme relating to details of means for transferring or converting the output of a sensing member
    • G01D2205/20Detecting rotary movement
    • G01D2205/26Details of encoders or position sensors specially adapted to detect rotation beyond a full turn of 360°, e.g. multi-rotation
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D2205/00Indexing scheme relating to details of means for transferring or converting the output of a sensing member
    • G01D2205/20Detecting rotary movement
    • G01D2205/28The target being driven in rotation by additional gears

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
  • Transmission And Conversion Of Sensor Element Output (AREA)
  • Power Steering Mechanism (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种绝对转动角度和转矩的检测装置,其具备:与扭杆单元的输入轴(2)连结的第1齿轮(1)、与第1齿轮(1)配合的齿轮A(6)、在齿轮A(6)的中心部配置的第1绝对转动角度检测部、与扭杆单元的输出轴(4)连结的第2齿轮(3)、与第2齿轮(3)配合的齿轮B(7)、在齿轮B(7)的中心部配置的第2绝对转动角度检测部。由此可减小该检测装置的尺寸。

Description

绝对转动角度和转矩的检测装置
技术领域
本发明涉及安装在扭杆上且同时检测绝对转动角度和转矩的装置。本发明的检测装置用于汽车的动力转向装置等。
背景技术
图6是现有的转动角度和转矩的检测装置。齿轮18安装在扭杆的输入轴(未图示)上。与齿轮18配合的齿轮21具有圆形的符号板20,所述符号板20具有多个磁极。符号板20随输入轴的转动而转动。磁检测元件22通过对转动的磁极进行计数来检测输入轴的转动角度。将齿轮42安装在扭杆的输出轴(未图示)上,通过与上述相同的方式检测输出轴的转动角度。启动扭杆使轴发生扭转时,比较输入轴和输出轴的转动角度来检测转矩。
但是,若要获得高精度的转动角度,则代码板需要多个磁极,因而,存在检测装置变大的问题。另外,在代码板20的半径方向上配置磁检测元件22,也使检测装置的尺寸变大。
另外,这个现有装置不检测绝对角度。
发明内容
本发明的绝对转动角度和转矩的检测装置,具有:扭杆单元,其具有输入轴和输出轴、扭杆;与输入轴结合的第1齿轮;与第1齿轮配合的齿轮A;在齿轮A的中心部配置的第1绝对转动角度检测器;与输出轴结合的第2齿轮;与第2齿轮配合的齿轮B;在齿轮B的中心部配置的第2绝对转动角度检测器。
附图说明
图1是本发明的绝对转动角度和转矩的检测装置的结构图。
图2是求绝对转动角度的说明图。
图3是求扭转角度的说明图。
图4是本发明的检测装置的回路框图。
图5是误差补正的说明图。
图6表示现有转动角度和转矩的检测装置。
图中,1—第1齿轮、2—输入轴、3—第2齿轮、4—输出轴、5—扭杆、6—齿轮A、7—齿轮B、8—第1磁铁、9—第2磁铁、10—第1磁检测装置、11—第2磁检测装置、12—基板、13—基板、14—CPU、15—EEPROM、16—串行通信线、17—主CPU。
具体实施方式
以下,根据附图对本发明的实施方式进行说明。
图1表示本实施方式的绝对转动角度和转矩的检测装置的结构。扭杆单元由在同一的刚体上制作的配置成同心的输入轴2、扭杆5和输出轴4构成。第1齿轮1和第2齿轮3分别与扭杆单元的输入轴2和输出轴4结合。第1齿轮1与齿轮A6配合,第2齿轮与B7配合。在齿轮A6的中央设置第1磁铁8,在齿轮B7的中央设置第2磁铁9。第1磁铁8和第2磁铁9被1极对(one pole pair)磁化。搭载于基板12的第1磁检测元件10配置在与第1磁铁8对向的位置,搭载于基板13的第2磁检测元件11配置在与第2磁铁9对向的位置。由第1磁铁8和第1磁检测元件10构成绝对转动角度检测器,由第2磁铁9和第2磁检测元件11构成绝对转动角度检测器。第1齿轮1与第2齿轮3的齿数是相同的c,齿轮A6的齿数是a,齿轮B7的齿数是b(a≠b)。
其次,对第1齿轮1和第2齿轮3的绝对转动角度和在扭杆5的转矩进行说明。
在图1中,扭杆单元的输入轴2转动时,第1齿轮1以及齿轮A6转动。第1磁检测元件10是通过检测第1磁铁8的磁场来算出齿轮A6的绝对转动角度。转矩单元的输出轴4转动时,第2齿轮3外以及齿轮B7转动。第2磁检测元件11是通过检测第2磁铁9的磁场来算出齿轮B7的绝对转动角度。
图2说明算出绝对转动角度的方法。横轴是第1齿轮1和第2齿轮3的绝对转动角度z。上段部分表示齿轮A6的绝对转动角度x和齿轮B7的绝对转动角度y。下段部分表示齿轮A6与齿轮B7的绝对转动角度差(x—y)。如图所示,绝对转动角度差(x—y)形成直线,并与绝对转动角度z有唯一对应的关系。从而,通过齿轮A和齿轮B的绝对转动角度差(x—y)来算出绝对转动角度z。
图3的纵轴表示差T,所述差T是对齿轮A6的绝对转动角度x、与在齿轮B7的绝对转动角度y上乘上齿轮A6和齿轮A7的齿数比(b/a)的乘积之差。当扭杆5不扭转时T按图示的方式阶梯状变化。当扭杆5只扭转T时,T相对于不扭转时变化了T*(c/a),从而能够算出扭转角度T。这个T*(c/a)与图2中的(x—y)相加,可提高z的检测精读。转矩是由扭转角度T算出。将扭转角度T超过另外规定的允许值时判断为发生异常并发出警报。
检测上述的绝对转动角度和转矩时,也可以使齿轮A6与齿轮B7的齿数相同,且使第1齿轮1和第2齿轮3的齿数不相同。
如图4所示,第1磁检测元件10和磁检测元件11与CPU14连接。CPU14也与非易失存储器EEPROM15连接。与此同时,为了将由CPU14算出的绝对转动角度和转矩输出,通过串行通信线16与主CPU17连接。
最好将齿轮A6和齿轮B7两者的零转动角度对齐之后安装于扭杆上,但这是需要高精度的困难的作业,因此,可在扭杆上安装齿轮A6和齿轮B7之后,按以下的方式对零转动角度进行补正来取而代之上述作业方式。用第1磁检测元件10的信号算出齿轮A6的最初的绝对转动角度,用第2磁检测元件11的信号算出齿轮B7的最初的绝对转动角度,然后将这些最初的绝对转动角度存储在非易失存储器(EEPROM15)中。每当接入电源时将读取存储在EEPROM15的最初的绝对转动角度,并将从这些最初的绝对转动角度开始的转动角度作为齿轮A6和齿轮B7的绝对转动角度。
另外,如图5所示,磁检测元件算出的绝对转动角度(实线)相对正确的转动角度(虚线)而言,包含种种因素引起的误差,故按以下方式进行补正。在扭杆上安装齿轮A6和齿轮B7之后,高精度转动输入轴2。由此,得到齿轮A6和齿轮B7的磁检测元件算出的绝对转动角度与正确的绝对转动角度之间的差,即补正角度。然后将所述补正角度存储在EEPROM15中。每当接入电源时读取存储在EEPROM15中的补正角度,并通过将所述补正角度与磁检测元件算出的绝对转动角度相加来得到接近于正确值的绝对转动角度。
本发明的绝对转动角度及转矩检测装置适合使用于车辆的动力转向装置。

Claims (8)

1.一种绝对转动角度和转矩的检测装置,其特征在于,具有:
扭杆单元,其具有输入轴和输出轴和扭杆;
与所述输入轴结合的第1齿轮;
与所述第1齿轮配合的唯一的齿轮A;
在所述齿轮A的中心部配置的第1绝对转动角度检测器;
与所述输出轴结合的第2齿轮;
与所述第2齿轮配合的齿轮B;
在所述齿轮B的中心部配置的第2绝对转动角度检测器,其中,
所述第1绝对转动角度检测器具有:第1磁铁;和在与所述第1磁铁对向的位置配置的第1磁检测元件,
所述第2绝对转动角度检测器具有:第2磁铁;和在与所述第2磁铁对向的位置配置的第2磁检测元件。
2.根据权利要求1所述的绝对转动角度和转矩的检测装置,其特征在于,
将所述第1和第2齿轮的齿数设为相同,且将所述齿轮A和B的齿数设为不相同,
而且,
绝对转动角度,是由所述齿轮A与齿轮B的绝对转动角度差算出,
转矩,是由所述齿轮A的绝对转动角度、与在所述齿轮B的绝对转动角度乘上所述齿轮A与B的齿数比的乘积的差来算出。
3.根据权利要求2所述的绝对转动角度和转矩的检测装置,其特征在于,
分别预先在非易失存储器上存储所述齿轮A和B的最初的绝对转动角度,并将从所述存储的最初的绝对转动角度开始的转动角度作为所述齿轮A和B的绝对转动角度,将其用于算出绝对转动角度和转矩。
4.根据权利要求2所述的绝对转动角度和转矩的检测装置,其特征在于,
预先将补正角度存储在非易失存储器中,其中,所述补正角度是所述齿轮A和B的绝对转动角度的正确值与所述第1和第2磁检测元件算出的绝对转动角度之差,
而且,将在所述存储的补正角度上加上所述第1和第2磁检测元件算出的绝对转动角度的算出值,作为所述齿轮A和B的绝对转动角度,并将其用于算出绝对转动角度和转矩。
5.根据权利要求2所述的绝对转动角度和转矩的检测装置,其特征在于,
所述齿轮A的绝对转动角度与以下乘积值之差超过规定的容许值时发出异常警报,其中,所述乘积值是在所述齿轮B的绝对转动角度上乘上所述A与B的齿数比的乘积值。
6.根据权利要求1所述的绝对转动角度和转矩的检测装置,其特征在于,
将所述第1和第2齿轮的齿数设为不相同,且将所述齿轮A和B的齿数设为相同,
而且,
绝对转动角度,是由所述齿轮A与齿轮B的绝对转动角度差算出,
转矩,是由所述齿轮A的绝对转动角度、与在所述齿轮B的绝对转动角度上乘上所述齿轮第1与第2齿轮的齿数比的乘积的差来算出。
7.根据权利要求6所述的绝对转动角度和转矩的检测装置,其特征在于,
所述齿轮A的绝对转动角度与以下乘积值之差超过规定的容许值时发出异常警报,其中,所述乘积值是在所述齿轮B的绝对转动角度上乘上所述第1与第2齿轮的齿数比的乘积值。
8.根据权利要求1所述的绝对转动角度和转矩的检测装置,其特征在于,
所述第2齿轮与所述输出轴直接结合。
CNB2004800009509A 2003-09-02 2004-08-31 绝对转动角度和转矩的检测装置 Expired - Fee Related CN100460842C (zh)

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