CN100450947C - Sludge drying and resource disposal process - Google Patents
Sludge drying and resource disposal process Download PDFInfo
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- CN100450947C CN100450947C CNB2004100838301A CN200410083830A CN100450947C CN 100450947 C CN100450947 C CN 100450947C CN B2004100838301 A CNB2004100838301 A CN B2004100838301A CN 200410083830 A CN200410083830 A CN 200410083830A CN 100450947 C CN100450947 C CN 100450947C
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/20—Sludge processing
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Abstract
The present invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection, which relates to sludge treatment technology, particularly to a sludge drying process. In view of the different characteristics of different stages in a sludge drying treating procedure, the present invention provides low cost resource utilization process for sludge drying treatment, which has the optimized integration of microwave technology, aerobic fermentation technology and heat pump drying technology. The present invention is suitable for the drying treatment and the resource utilization of dehydrated sludge of domestic urban sewage treatment plants or dehydrated substrate sludge of eutrophication rivers, eutrophication lakes and eutrophication ditches. Sludge products of the present invention are widely used, and the sludge products can be used as biological organic fertilizers directly or raw materials of organic composite fertilizers, building materials, etc. or fuels of garbage incineration plants or boiler fuels of, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental technology field, relate to the sludge treatment technology, especially relate to sludge drying technology.
Background technology
Mud is meant the mud of the rivers and lakes of the mud of municipal sewage plant or eutrophication here, and its denominator is the organic content height, and particle is thin, is cotton-shaped colloidal structure, have high-hydrophilic, but dewatering is poor.
Sludge yield is huge, though have the value of recycling, also has objectionable impurities simultaneously, and stacking or landfill have a big risk, and handle and the disposal costs height.Thereby how safety, economical, scientifically utilize mud to become the research topic that various countries, the world today extremely pay close attention to.
Sludge Disposal mainly contains minimizing sanitary landfill, burning, manufacturing fertilizer, makes building materials etc. at present, and these methods all must be through the sludge drying treating processes, and the moisture of promptly removing in the mud reduces water ratio.The sludge drying handling principle is directly or indirectly to provide the transpiring moisture heat to mud, takes away moisture in the mud by air flowing.
The nineties in 20th century, the heat drying technology was developed rapidly, and world's dewatered sludge output in 2000 has been 10 times of nineteen ninety.The existing abroad considerable engineering achievement of mud heat drying equipment, of a great variety, the fermented soya beans, salted or other wise of commentaries on classics formula drying device, multi-disc type moisture eliminator, fluidized-bed drying device, Flash Type moisture eliminator, spiral moisture eliminator, film type moisture eliminator, spraying type drying device, multiple-effect evaporator, microwave drying device, conveyor dryer and many bed dryers etc. are arranged.The research that the mud heat drying is produced has also been carried out on ground such as domestic Dalian, Qinhuangdao and Xuzhou, adopts the direct heating mode.
Above-mentioned heat drying treatment technology have take up an area of little, small product size is little, the processing cycle short, be not subjected to weather effect, can realize advantages such as full automatic control and running be stable, but exist simultaneously the specific investment height (10～150,000 yuan/T) and the higher (3100～3500kj/kgH of energy consumption
2Shortcoming such as O).Its working cost is higher, and the fuel that average every consumption is equivalent to 1T oil could be sloughed the water of 6T by heating power, is that 80% dewatered sludge carries out heat drying and handles and need to consume the dried mud of 0.667T oil/T to water ratio promptly; Average every consumption 1kw electricity could be sloughed the water of 2kg by heating power, is that 80% dewatered sludge carries out heat drying and handles and need to consume the dried mud of 2000kw electricity/T to water ratio promptly.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is different qualities at the different steps in the sludge drying treating processes, provide a cover through optimum combination integrated, sludge drying technology cheaply.
Technical scheme of the present invention is that at first to utilize microwave technology be that 70%～85% mud carries out broken wall treatment to water ratio, makes the most difficult mud internal junction Heshui of removing (cellular water) become the outside liquid of removing easily; Adopting the mechanical dehydration device to carry out deep dehydration then makes the water ratio of mud reduce to 60%～70%; Then adopt the aerobic fermentation technology by the decomposition generation heat of aerobic microbiological to organic constituent in the mud, the evaporative process of moisture content produces damp-heat in mud; Reclaim damp-heat as thermal source, it is further dry to adopt heat pump drying technology that the mud of fermentation slaking is done.
Process flow sheet of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, it follows these steps to carry out:
(1) mud is dropped into the pre-treatment that microwave heating appts carries out broken wall, virus killing and sterilization;
(2) will drop into the mechanical sludge dewatering device through pretreated mud and carry out the deep dehydration processing;
(3) will add special bacteria, backflow mud and amendment collocation through the mud that deep dehydration is handled and form the fermentation material, and stir;
(4) but the material that will ferment drops into the enclosed solid biologic fermentation unit of quantity-produced carries out high-temperature aerobic fermentation;
(5) the fermentation material with slaking drops into screening plant, amendment greater than the Screening Network hole size is sieved and send back to step (3) to be reused, synchronously the granule sludge greater than the screening mesh is sieved and send back to step (3) and use, and the particulate fermentation material screen less than the screening mesh is divided into mature sludge as backflow mud;
(6) mature sludge is dropped into prilling granulator and carry out granulation;
(7) granulation mud is dropped into the mud heat pump drying device and carry out cryodrying, the utilization of mud heat pump drying device is carried out the hot gas that high-temperature aerobic fermentation produced at above-mentioned solid biologic fermentation unit and is handled for the energy carries out heat pump drying, producing water ratio is 10%～35%, and particle diameter is the particle dewatered sludge of 1mm～10mm.
Heat pump drying device is made up of heat pump circulating system and hot air drying system.Heat pump circulating system provides thermal source and reduces hot blast humidity for hot air drying system.Hot air drying system directly contacts with mud by circulating air, and the heat of transpiring moisture is provided, and takes away the moisture in the mud.Heat pump is made up of compressor, condenser, vaporizer and throttling set.The working medium of operation in the system is drawn the heat in the kiln discharge damp-heat air in vaporizer, be evaporated to low-pressure steam from low-pressure liquid working medium, and compressed machine supercharging becomes the steam of High Temperature High Pressure; The working substance steam of High Temperature High Pressure is emitted the air that the heat heating enters kiln in condenser, and itself then becomes highly pressurised liquid from condensation of gas working medium; By throttling set, liquid working substance produces blocking effect, has reduced pressure and temperature, becomes low pressure, low temperature liquid, enters the heat that absorbs hot and humid gas in the vaporizer once again, circulates so repeatedly low-temperature heat quantity is transported in the high-temperature medium to go, and forms heat pump cycle.Because heat pump drying device itself is not the emphasis that the present invention will discuss, therefore only make above-mentioned schematic illustration.
Above-mentioned mud can be the dewatered sludge of municipal sewage plant, or the mud through processed of the river of eutrophication, river, lake, pool.
The water ratio through the mud of deep dehydration in the above-mentioned steps (2) is 60%～70%.
The water ratio of the backflow mud in the above-mentioned steps (3) is 20%～45%, and the collocation volume ratio is 5%～35%.
The collocation volume ratio of the amendment in the above-mentioned steps (3) is 10%～40%.
The temperature of the high-temperature aerobic fermentation in the above-mentioned steps (4) is 40～80 degrees centigrade.
The water ratio of the mature sludge in the above-mentioned steps (5) is 30%～45%.
The hot air temperature that heat pump drying in the above-mentioned steps (7) is handled is 30～80 degrees centigrade.
The present invention has following characteristics:
(1) in sludge handling process, the different treatment technology of different qualities employing at different steps improves processing efficiency, cuts down the consumption of energy;
(2) thus adopt microwave technology to make the sludge microbe cellular water under low-temperature condition, produce boiling destruction cell walls, the most difficult combination water of removing is become the outside water of removing easily, and then can the water ratio of mud be reduced to 60%～70% by the mechanical dehydration device, reduce sludge dewatering cost (common drying cost is 200～300 a yuan/T water, and the mechanical dehydration cost is 2～3 a yuan/T water) greatly;
(3) mud is carried out microwave treatment and also can kill bacterium, pathogenic agent, parasite and plant seed up hill and dale, realize the innoxious of mud;
(4) the mud broken wall treatment can improve the fermentation efficiency of mud, shortens fermentation period, and the loose easy degraded of product quality can improve the land utilization ratio of mud;
(5) adopt heat pump drying technology, with unnecessary heat that sludge fermentation produced as the energy recovery utilization, and the sensible heat and the latent heat that are in operation and reclaim damp-heat air, energy obtains fully and rationally utilizing, save energy consumption, reduce drying cost (the every degree electric energy dehydration of common dry technology 1～2kg, and the every degree electric energy dehydration 4～8kg) of heat pump drying technology of the present invention;
(6) with the granulation of mud elder generation, carry out heat pump drying again and handle, the ventilating air permeability that can improve material helps hot gas and directly contacts with mud, thereby improves drying efficiency;
(7) sludge product water ratio of the present invention is 10%～30%, and particle diameter is 1mm～10mm, is particulate state, purposes is wide, can directly be used as biological organic fertilizer, or is used as the raw material of compoiste fertilizer, building materials etc., or be used as garbage burning factory fuel, or be used as boiler oil etc.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Treatment process of the present invention follows these steps to carry out:
(1) be that 80% sludge from wastewater treatment plant drops into the pre-treatment that belt industrial microwave treater carries out broken wall, virus killing and sterilization, treatment time 3-5min with water ratio;
(2) will drop into belt filter press through pretreated mud and carry out processed, the water ratio of mud can reduce to 65%;
(3) (account for 30%, particle diameter is that 20mm～30mm) the fermentation material is formed in collocation, stirs with large-scale stirrer will to add special bacteria (0.1%), backflow mud and amendment through the mud of processed by a certain percentage;
(4) but the material that will ferment drops into the enclosed sludge fermentation tower of quantity-produced carries out high-temperature aerobic fermentation, this fermentation tower adopts the screw feeder turnover throwing machine, and be provided with preheating airing system and exhaust collection treatment system, through the slaking of 5～7d fermented sludge, moisture percentage in sewage sludge is 40%, and quality is loose broken easily;
(5) be the screening plant of 10mm with fermentation material input sieve aperture by fermentation, the bigger amendment of particle is sieved and send back to step (3) to be reused, the bigger mud of particle is sieved and send back to step (3) use as backflow mud, the fermentation material screen thinner most particle is divided into mature sludge;
(6) mature sludge is dropped into the tablets press granulation, the mud granule diameter is 1mm～5mm;
(7) granule sludge is dropped into the mud heat pump drying device, this device utilizes at the collected tail gas of above-mentioned fermentation tower as heat energy, carries out heat pump drying and handles, and producing the granule sludge water ratio is 26%.
The present embodiment sludge drying is handled and is consumed the dried mud of 486kw electricity/T, is about 1/8 of ordinary hot drying process power consumption.
Embodiment 2
Treatment process of the present invention follows these steps to carry out:
(1) be that 80% sludge from wastewater treatment plant drops into the pre-treatment that belt industrial microwave treater carries out broken wall, virus killing and sterilization, treatment time 3-5min with water ratio:
(2) will drop into belt filter press through pretreated mud and carry out processed, the water ratio of mud can reduce to 60%;
(3) (account for 10%, particle diameter 20mm～30mm) the fermentation material is formed in collocation, stirs with large-scale stirrer will to add special bacteria (0.1%), backflow mud and amendment by a certain percentage through processed mud;
(4) but the material that will ferment drops into the enclosed rotation fermentation of a quantity-produced tube carries out high-temperature aerobic fermentation, a fermentation tube diameter 3m, long 30m, rotating speed 0.2r/min, a unit fermentation mud handling capacity is 40m
3/ d, this fermentation tube is provided with preheating airing system and exhaust gas recovery system device, and the moisture percentage in sewage sludge of process 3d fermentation slaking is 42%, and quality is loose broken easily;
(5) above-mentioned fermentation material being dropped into sieve aperture is the screening plant of 10mm, the bigger amendment of particle is sieved and send back to step (3) to be reused, the bigger mud of particle is sieved and send back to step (3) use as backflow mud, the fermentation material screen thinner most particle is divided into mature sludge;
(6) mature sludge is dropped into the tablets press granulation, the mud granule diameter is 2mm～5mm;
(7) granule sludge is dropped into the mud heat pump drying device, this device utilizes at the collected main heat energy of tail gas conduct of above-mentioned fermentation tower, uses the part electric energy simultaneously, carries out heat pump drying and handles, and producing the granule sludge water ratio is 15%.
The present embodiment sludge drying is handled and is consumed the dried mud of 665kw electricity/T, is about 1/6 of ordinary hot drying process power consumption.
Claims (8)
1. sludge drying technology, it is characterized in that with water ratio be 65%～85% to be rich in organic mud be main raw material, concrete steps are:
(1) mud is dropped into the pre-treatment that microwave heating appts carries out broken wall, virus killing and sterilization;
(2) will drop into the mechanical sludge dewatering device through pretreated mud and carry out the deep dehydration processing;
(3) will add special bacteria, backflow mud and amendment collocation through the mud that deep dehydration is handled by a certain percentage and form the fermentation material, and stir;
(4) but the material that will ferment drops into the enclosed solid biologic fermentation unit of quantity-produced carries out high-temperature aerobic fermentation;
(5) the fermentation material with slaking drops into screening plant, the bigger amendment of particle is sieved and send back to step (3) to be reused, the bigger mud of particle is sieved and send back to step (3) use as backflow mud, the fermentation material screen thinner most particle is divided into mature sludge;
(6) mature sludge is dropped into prilling granulator and carry out granulation;
(7) granulation mud is dropped into the mud heat pump drying device and carry out cryodrying, the utilization of mud heat pump drying device is carried out the hot gas that high-temperature aerobic fermentation produced at above-mentioned solid biologic fermentation unit and is handled for the energy carries out heat pump drying, producing water ratio is 10%～30%, and particle diameter is the particle dewatered sludge of 1mm～10mm.
2. a kind of sludge drying technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that mud can be the dewatered sludge of municipal sewage plant, or the mud of bed mud after processed in the river of eutrophication, river, lake.
3. a kind of sludge drying technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that the water ratio through the mud of deep dehydration in the above-mentioned steps (2) is 60%～70%.
4. a kind of sludge drying technology according to claim 1, the water ratio that it is characterized in that the backflow mud in the above-mentioned steps (3) is 20%～45%, the collocation volume ratio is 5%～35%.
5. a kind of sludge drying technology according to claim 1, the collocation volume ratio that it is characterized in that the amendment in the above-mentioned steps (3) is 10%～40%.
6. a kind of sludge drying technology according to claim 1, the temperature that it is characterized in that the high-temperature aerobic fermentation in the above-mentioned steps (4) is 40～80 degrees centigrade.
7. a kind of sludge drying technology according to claim 1, the water ratio that it is characterized in that the mature sludge in the above-mentioned steps (5) is 30%～45%.
8. a kind of sludge drying technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that the hot air temperature that the heat pump drying in the above-mentioned steps (7) is handled is 30～80 degrees centigrade.
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| CNB2004100838301A CN100450947C (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2004-10-20 | Sludge drying and resource disposal process |
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| CNB2004100838301A CN100450947C (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2004-10-20 | Sludge drying and resource disposal process |
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| CN100450947C true CN100450947C (en) | 2009-01-14 |
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