CN100418912C - 强吸收紫外和红外的灰色隐私玻璃 - Google Patents
强吸收紫外和红外的灰色隐私玻璃 Download PDFInfo
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims 1
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910021543 Nickel dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
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- 241000545067 Venus Species 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C4/00—Compositions for glass with special properties
- C03C4/08—Compositions for glass with special properties for glass selectively absorbing radiation of specified wave lengths
- C03C4/085—Compositions for glass with special properties for glass selectively absorbing radiation of specified wave lengths for ultraviolet absorbing glass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/083—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound
- C03C3/085—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal
- C03C3/087—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal containing calcium oxide, e.g. common sheet or container glass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C4/00—Compositions for glass with special properties
- C03C4/02—Compositions for glass with special properties for coloured glass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C4/00—Compositions for glass with special properties
- C03C4/08—Compositions for glass with special properties for glass selectively absorbing radiation of specified wave lengths
- C03C4/082—Compositions for glass with special properties for glass selectively absorbing radiation of specified wave lengths for infrared absorbing glass
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明提供一种强吸收紫外和红外的灰色隐私玻璃，其可见光透过率小于30%的中性颜色的平板玻璃，它是通过往普通浮法玻璃原料中添加氧化铁(Fe2O3)、氧化钴(Co3O4)、硒(Se)和可选的氧化镍(NiO2)，所生产出的玻璃中氧化铁的重量百分含量为1.0～1.6%，氧化钴的重量百分含量为150～200ppm，总硒的重量百分含量为30～80ppm，氧化镍的重量百分含量为0～100ppm。
Description
技术令域
本发明涉及一种一种低可见光透过率的中性颜色的隐私玻璃。
背景技术
随着玻璃工业的蓬勃发展，汽车玻璃的用量也逐日益增，而且侧窗和天窗越来越倾向于透光率较低的隐私玻璃。玻璃领域中已经有几种蓝色或绿色的隐蔽玻璃，如PPG工业公司在中国申请的ZL97113730.7专利、ZL00813515.0专利、CN1361075A申请专利、CN99806049.6申请专利和CN1275963A申请专利等。在隐私玻璃中，铁是最主要的着色剂，它在玻璃中可能会以Fe2O3或FeO的形式存在。铁及其它着色剂的加入量在使玻璃满足所需性能的前提下应选择尽可能少的种类和尽可能低的用量，以降低浮法工艺操作的难度。
发明内容
本发明目的是选择尽可能少的着色剂种类和尽可能低着色剂用量，以降低浮法工艺操作的难度，它是通过向普通的钠-钙-硅浮法玻璃中添加功能性着色剂而实现的，着色剂添加的种类和数量完全与浮法玻璃工艺相匹配。
本发明是在普通浮法玻璃的组成成分的重量百分比中：
氧化硅SiO2：65～80％
氧化钠Na2O：10～15％
氧化钙CaO：5～15％
氧化化镁MgO：2～8％
氧化铝Al2O3：0～3％
氧化钾K2O：0～3％
加入功能着色剂占浮化玻璃重量比为：
氧化铁以Fe2O3：1.0～1.6％
四氧化三钴以Co3O4：150～200ppm
总硒Se：30～80ppm。
按上述配方制的玻璃，制成的玻璃名义厚度为4mm的可见光透过率(LTA)小于30％，优选小于20％；紫外线透过率(TUV)小于10％，优选小于7.5％；红外线透过率(TIR)小于30％，优选小于20％；太阳光直接透过率(TG)小于30％，优选小于25％；ISO-LAB表示为：a*＝-5±10，b*＝5±10，L*＝50±20。
或者功能着色剂占浮化玻璃重量比是：
氧化铁以Fe2O3表示：1.2～1.6％
氧化钴以Co3O4表示：150～190ppm
总硒Se：30～70ppm。
上述功能着色剂组份配比，制成的名义厚度为4mm玻璃的可见光透过率(LTA)小于25％，优选小于18％；紫外线透过率(TUV)小于8％，优选小于5％；红外线透过率(TIR)小于20％，优选小于15％；太阳光直接透过率(TG)小于25％，优选小于22％；以ISO-LAB表示为：a*＝-5±5，b*＝5±5，L*＝50±10。
此外，功能着色剂中还可加入氧化镍的重量含量为0～100ppm。
具体实施方式
本发明所涉及的是一种适合于汽车侧窗及建筑的浮法玻璃，它不但可将光透过率很低，而且紫外线、红外线和总太阳能热透过率都很低，这样一方面可以减少太阳光中的红外线对汽车内的热辐射，有利于降低汽车使用空调的能耗；另一方面可以减少太阳光中的紫外线对驾乘人员及车内装饰材料的辐射，避免紫外线对人皮肤的灼伤和装饰材料的老化。
本发明是通过往不具有上述功能的普通透明浮法玻璃原料中添加铁、钴、镍、硒等功能性着色剂而实现的。铁是颜色玻璃最常见的一种着色剂，加入的方式通常是氧化铁，俗称″红粉″，铁跟其它原料熔化成玻璃后，在玻璃中通常以Fe2O3和FeO的形态存在。Fe2O3具有吸收紫外线的能力，它也可以将玻璃着色成″黄绿色″，FeO具有吸收红外线的能力，它可以将玻璃着色成″蓝绿色″。本发明中除特别说明外，玻璃中的铁是以氧化(Fe2O3)铁的量来表示的，但并不是说铁在玻璃中仅以Fe2O3的形态存在。
硒可以吸收部分红外和紫外线，在浮法玻璃中，硒和铁可以生成硒-铁络合物而呈现红棕色，但并非全部的硒都能显示颜色。在玻璃中，硒可能存在几种不同的价态，只有硒-铁络合物才具有较强的现色能力，在熔化气氛稳定的状态下，玻璃中硒-铁络合物的含量取决于加到玻璃配合料中的铁和硒的量，由于目前世界上没有任何一种检测方法可以检测到玻璃中的硒-铁络合物的含量，因此，在熔化气氛稳定的情况下，玻璃中的硒-铁络合物可以利用总硒的含量来进行表示。Co3O4在玻璃中呈现蓝色，不具备红外和紫外吸收能力。镍可以起到阻挡可见光的作用。
本发明优选不使用除铁、钴、硒以外的其它功能着色剂，这样一方面可以降低成本，另一方面也可以避免因引入其它成分对玻璃质量造成影响。镍对于本发明来说并非是必须的，镍虽然可以起到降低可见光的作用，但由于浮法工艺的条件限制，如果使用镍，镍在锡槽中会与氢气发生发应，在玻璃表面形成一层″白霜″而影响玻璃质量，即使使用镍，也不应超过200ppm或更低。PPG的几份专利中皆使用氧化铬作为一种功能剂，然而氧化铬在玻璃中很容易形成″铬金星″疵点，同样影响玻璃质量；另外，其专利中还使用氧化钛、氧化铈等来增加玻璃的紫外吸收能力，但这两种物质都具有较强的氧化能力，如果使用这两种成分，必然会将玻璃中更多的FeO氧化成Fe2O3，从而导致玻璃抗红外性能的降低。
采用普通的钠-钙-硅透明浮法玻璃原料为基础原料，再在其中加入预定量的红粉、氧化钴粉和硒粉。基础玻璃的成分为：
SiO2：70～75％
Na2O：11～14％
CaO：7～10％
MgO：2～5％
Al2O3：0～2％
K2O：0～2％
其中还可能包含其他非故意添加的微量物质，各自的含量通常在1％以下。
将功能着色剂(重量含量)投入到上述基础玻璃的成分中后，投入到池窑中，在1600度左右的温度下进行熔化，并消除其中的气泡和夹杂物，然后冷却到900～1200度左右，再让玻璃流到熔融态的金属锡上进行成型，用拉伸设备拉制成所需的厚度和宽度，最后玻璃进入退火炉中消除应力。
下表是不同配方熔化出的玻璃性能，分析时参考标准为ISO9050，所有的玻璃其名义厚度皆为4mm。
Claims (3)
1. 一种强吸收紫外和红外的灰色隐私玻璃，其特征在于：该玻璃的配方是：
普通浮法玻璃的组成成分的重量百分比是：
氧化硅SiO2：65～80％
氧化钠Na2O：10～15％
氧化钙CaO：5～15％
氧化镁MgO：2～8％
氧化铝Al2O3：0～3％
氧化钾K2O：0～3％
在上述普通浮法玻璃组成成分的重量百分比中，加入功能着色剂占浮法玻璃重量比是：
氧化铁以Fe2O3：1.0～1.6％
四氧化三钴以Co3O4：150～200ppm
总硒Se：30～80ppm。
2. 按权利要求1所述的强吸收紫外和红外的灰色隐私玻璃，其特征在于：功能着色剂中各组份是：
氧化铁以Fe2O3表示：1.2～1.6％
四氧三化钴以Co3O4表示：150～190ppm
总硒Se：30～70ppm。
3. 按权利要求1或2所述的强吸收紫外和红外的灰色隐私玻璃，
其特征在于：功能着色剂中还加入氧化镍，其重量含量为0～100ppm。
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| CNB2004100890673A CN100418912C (zh) | 2004-12-03 | 2004-12-03 | 强吸收紫外和红外的灰色隐私玻璃 |
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| CN1636908A CN1636908A (zh) | 2005-07-13 |
| CN100418912C true CN100418912C (zh) | 2008-09-17 |
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| CNB2004100890673A Active CN100418912C (zh) | 2004-12-03 | 2004-12-03 | 强吸收紫外和红外的灰色隐私玻璃 |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101708954B (zh) * | 2009-11-30 | 2011-06-15 | 蔡绪忠 | 吸收紫外线和红外线的蓝色透明玻璃 |
| GB0922064D0 (en) | 2009-12-17 | 2010-02-03 | Pilkington Group Ltd | Soda lime silica glass composition |
| WO2011113304A1 (zh) * | 2010-03-18 | 2011-09-22 | Yang Dening | 高强度玻璃的节能环保制备工艺 |
| CN102730969A (zh) * | 2011-04-08 | 2012-10-17 | 上海耀华皮尔金顿玻璃股份有限公司 | 超低可见光透射比隐私玻璃 |
| CN102910819A (zh) * | 2012-10-24 | 2013-02-06 | 江苏博杰特机电有限公司 | 一种灰色玻璃 |
| CN103819088B (zh) * | 2014-01-09 | 2016-08-17 | 株洲醴陵旗滨玻璃有限公司 | 一种灰色玻璃及其制备方法及其制备灰色玻璃的设备 |
| CN110698055A (zh) * | 2019-07-29 | 2020-01-17 | 江苏华东耀皮玻璃有限公司 | 一种高效阻隔红外线的绿色节能玻璃 |
| CN113185121B (zh) * | 2021-05-12 | 2022-09-20 | 斯卡特(北京)新材料技术有限公司 | 一种低透光高隔热节能浮法玻璃及其制备方法 |
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| EP0482535A1 (en) * | 1990-10-25 | 1992-04-29 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Dark gray, infrared absorbing glass composition and product |
| CN1108624A (zh) * | 1993-11-16 | 1995-09-20 | Ppg工业公司 | 灰色玻璃组合物 |
| CN1108625A (zh) * | 1993-11-16 | 1995-09-20 | Ppg工业公司 | 灰色玻璃组合物 |
| CN1137785A (zh) * | 1993-12-17 | 1996-12-11 | 福特汽车公司 | 含有能在加工过程中保持硒的氧化锰的中性灰色吸收玻璃 |
| US6395659B2 (en) * | 1998-11-09 | 2002-05-28 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co., Ltd. | Ultraviolet/infrared absorbent glass |
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| CN1053416A (zh) * | 1989-11-03 | 1991-07-31 | Ppc工业公司 | 灰色低透射率的无镍玻璃 |
| EP0482535A1 (en) * | 1990-10-25 | 1992-04-29 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Dark gray, infrared absorbing glass composition and product |
| CN1108624A (zh) * | 1993-11-16 | 1995-09-20 | Ppg工业公司 | 灰色玻璃组合物 |
| CN1108625A (zh) * | 1993-11-16 | 1995-09-20 | Ppg工业公司 | 灰色玻璃组合物 |
| CN1137785A (zh) * | 1993-12-17 | 1996-12-11 | 福特汽车公司 | 含有能在加工过程中保持硒的氧化锰的中性灰色吸收玻璃 |
| US6395659B2 (en) * | 1998-11-09 | 2002-05-28 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co., Ltd. | Ultraviolet/infrared absorbent glass |
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| CN1636908A (zh) | 2005-07-13 |
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