CN100415563C - High-speed railway - Google Patents

High-speed railway Download PDF

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CN100415563C
CN100415563C CNB2005100918048A CN200510091804A CN100415563C CN 100415563 C CN100415563 C CN 100415563C CN B2005100918048 A CNB2005100918048 A CN B2005100918048A CN 200510091804 A CN200510091804 A CN 200510091804A CN 100415563 C CN100415563 C CN 100415563C
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China
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vacuum tank
top board
bellows
air chamber
plate
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CN1743202A (en
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尚德敏
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Abstract

The present invention discloses a high-speed railway which comprises an overhead passage and a suspension train, wherein the overhead passage is composed of a top board, a side board, contact wires, a reaction board, etc., and the suspension train is composed of a carriage, a vacuum box, a draft fan, a blower and a linear motor. The vacuum box is fixed above the carriage, the upper part of the vacuum box is provided with an opening, the vacuum box is matched with the top board of the overhead passage, air between the vacuum box and the top board is exhausted by the draft fan, the carriage at the lower part is driven to lift by the bottom board of the vacuum box, and then lower part of the carriage is suspended; the blower generates high-pressure air, an air gap is generated between an outlet of a blowing pipe and the top board by the high-pressure air, the same gap is driven to be generated between the upper port of the vacuum box and the top board, and then the upper part of the carriage is suspended. The primary stage of the linear motor on the carriage generates action with the reaction board on the overhead passage to drive the suspension train to advance, and the speed per hour can reach more than 400 kilometers. The left and the right of the vacuum box are provided with pantographs generating action with the contact wires arranged on the left side board and the right side board of the overhead passage to supply all electric power to the suspension train.

Description

A kind of high speed railway
Technical field
The present invention relates to traffic transporting technology, refer more particularly to a kind of high speed railway.
Background technology
Improve train speed and be the only way that railway is depended on for existence and adapted to social development.Since the 1950's, states such as moral, method, Japan have all carried out a large amount of theoretical investigation and experimentaies work about high speed railway.1964, Japan built up article one high speed railway in the world---and the Shinkansen, the East Sea, speed per hour reach 210 kilometers.1981, France built up its article one high speed railway---and TGV southeast line, speed per hour reach 270 kilometers.Subsequently, many in the world countries have started the upsurge of building high speed railway.
High speed railway driving speed per hour is more than 200 kilometers, and this all has high-level requirement to roadbed along the line, bridge, track, also will solve not problems such as off-line, typotron smooth operation, high-speed train braking of High power Traction, high speed pantograph.Owing to above reason, the high speed railway cost is higher, and wherein the high speed railway circuit needs 100,000,000 yuan for every kilometer approximately, and the every row of high speed electric car group need 200,000,000 yuan approximately.
Above-mentioned high speed railway still belongs to traditional adhesion railway with regard to its traveling principle, and sticking action between wheel track produces tractive force, but sticking action reduces along with the raising of speed, and the railway speed of therefore adhering has a limit.For making high speed railway break through this velocity limit, the seventies in 20th century also in order thoroughly to overcome the problems such as friction, vibration and fugitiveness between the adhesion railway track and wheel hub, two kinds of non-adhesion levitated vehicles---air suspension car and magnetically supported vehicle appearred simultaneously.The air suspension car is free air suspension car again, and it utilizes gas engine to produce high pressure gas, sprays between vehicle and guide rail and forms air cushion, utilizes the turbo jet engine powered vehicle to advance again.The aerotrain aerotrain speed per hour of France's development reaches 428 kilometers.Magnetically supported vehicle utilizes the application force of magnetic, train is suspended and driving.No matter be air suspension car or magnetically supported vehicle, all orbit, so these two kinds of cars all belong to the railway category, can be called air suspension railway and magnetic suspended railway.At that time, at aspects such as energy consumption and noises, the air suspension car of having developed was not as magnetically supported vehicle, and therefore except that indivedual countries, most countries has all been abandoned the air suspension car.But magnetic suspended railway involves great expense, and does not also have the commerce operation magnetic suspended railway of a long distance at present in the world.China buys the technology and equipment of Germany for inquiring into the possibility of building magnetic suspended railway at Beijing-Shanghai line, has repaiied one 31 kilometers long experimental magnetic suspended railway in Shanghai, has expended 89 hundred million.
The China railways total kilometrage has more than 70,000 kilometer, and the operation speed per hour is that high speed railway more than 200 kilometers is so far still for blank.At present, China's rapid economic development, inter-city high-speed rail has been proposed urgent requirement, is that the relevant previous work of inter-city high-speed rail construction in North China, Yangtze River Delta Region and the Delta of the Pearl River area at center is actively developed with Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou.
Just experiencing fierce change and world's high-speed rail technology of development, except that above-mentioned inter-city passenger rail, also comprising city railway, also be called urban track traffic, comprising subway and light rail.Along with the development in city and the raising of living standards of the people, the magnitude of traffic flow significantly increases, and in the city, particularly in the metropolis, the problem of traffic congestion is serious day by day.It is reported that the vehicle average speed per hour of the many major streets in Beijing is less than 10 kilometers at present.For solving the problem of Urban Residential Trip difficulty, answer develop actively speed fast, subterranean railway, elevated railway and suburb speed rail are built in the urban track traffic that can carry bus's flow by stages and in groups.Cities such as Beijing of China, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Nanjing, Wuhan have all entered the fast-developing period of urban track traffic.Present domestic subway F-Zero has reached hundred kilometers, and the light rail speed per hour also reaches 50 kilometers.Subway and light rail offer convenience to citizens' activities, but compare with other conventional vehicles of urban district, and an outstanding shortcoming of existing subway and light rail is the noise and vibration that makes us hard to bear.The travel vibration and the harsh noise of medium high frequency of Beijing Metro makes the passenger very uncomfortable; And the built on stilts Shanghai light rail that runs in the guide between high buildings and large mansions, because the wheel track noise disturbs residents and is inhibited in night running.
Above-mentioned background technology about high speed railway and urban track traffic has a detailed description in following monograph:
1, " world's high-speed rail technology ", Qian Lixin chief editor, People's Transportation Press (2003);
2, " magnetic levitation railway system and technology ", Wei Qingchao, Kong Yongjian write, China Science Tech Publishing House (2003);
3, " urban track traffic ", Mao Baohua etc. write, Science Press (2002);
4, " subway and light rail ", Zhang Qinghe etc. write, People's Transportation Press (2003);
5, " subway and light rail transit ", Ma Deqin, Lin Anlin chief editor, press of Southwest Jiaotong University (2003).
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to provide a kind of inter-city passenger rail that both had been applicable to, be applicable to the high speed railway of city railway again, require that its cost is low, noise is low, energy consumption is low, speed is high, safe, comfortable.
For achieving the above object, the high speed railway that the present invention provides is made up of overhead passage way and aerotrain two parts.
Overhead passage way is the horizontal channel under shed that is made of the built on stilts bar shaped top board that is provided with of level, two blocks of side plates linking to each other with its left and right edges, the setting of its downline, the bracket supports of along both side being stood at regular intervals by railway.Supporting plate, linear electric motors reaction plate and the contact wire of load-bearing are set on the overhead passage way symmetrically.The plane of the supporting plate of bar shaped is a level, is fixed on the lower edge of overhead passage way side plate inside face, and when aerotrain was in non-suspended state, supporting plate was born the total weight of train; The linear electric motors reaction plate of bar shaped is fixed on the midway location of overhead passage way top board lower surface, be horizontally disposed with along overhead passage way, constitute the part of overhead passage way top board, it is linear electric motors secondary that drives aerotrain, and the elementary of linear electric motors is positioned on the aerotrain; The top of overhead passage way left side plate inside face respectively is provided with a contact wire, and the pantograph on it and the aerotrain cooperates, and is provided for the whole electric power that suspend and drive to aerotrain.
Aerotrain is made up of suspend car and middle some joint suspensions compartment of each joint of head and the tail, and a suspend car or every joint suspension compartment of every joint all is provided with the compartment of suspension mechanism, driver train, the interior power equipment supply of car and carrying separately.One end of a suspension car is a stream line pattern, and a car inside that suspends also is provided with the operating-controlling mechanism of the full car operation of control.Suspension mechanism, driver train and the Che Nei power equipment supply in a suspension car and suspension compartment are identical.
Said suspension mechanism is made up of vacuum tank and pneumatic shuttle, and pneumatic shuttle generally includes air inducing equipment and blast apparatus, and pneumatic shuttle is positioned at vacuum tank.Vacuum tank is the chest of a rectangular top opening being made of four sidewalls and base plate, the opening of vacuum tank top is buckled on the lower surface of overhead passage way top board, four sidewalls of vacuum tank have certain elasticity, and the base plate of vacuum tank links to each other with the compartment envelope of following carrying by connecting rod.In the said air inducing equipment, wherein, the freeing pipe of induced draft fan passes the vacuum tank base plate, and opening communicates with atmosphere outside vacuum tank.Start induced draft fan, extract the part air between vacuum tank and overhead passage way top board, bar pressure begins to be lower than environment atmospheric pressure in the vacuum tank, along with this difference of pressure strengthens gradually, the vacuum tank elastic sidewall begins compression, and the vacuum tank base plate rises, and the compartment of carrying below the connecting rod pull-up.In the said blast apparatus, by blast pipe output high pressure air, the outlet of blast pipe withstands on the lower surface of overhead passage way top board, when high pressure air sprays from the blast pipe outlet, because gas pressure forms air gap between overhead passage way top board and blast pipe outlet, because the blast pipe outlet is fixed together with vacuum tank, the periphery that its drives vacuum tank top opening leaves the overhead passage way top board, also and form same air gap between top board.Owing to be called the air inducing equipment of pneumatic shuttle and blast apparatus combined action in vacuum tank, make vacuum tank together with the compartment of carrying up and down with the equal no touch in the external world, realized suspension.
Said driver train is be positioned at linear electric motors on suspend a car and the suspension compartment elementary, and it acts on mutually with reaction plate on the overhead passage way top board, and the latter is the secondary of linear electric motors.The elementary three plase alternating current that passes to of linear electric motors on the compartment produces a mobile electromagnetic field, and the reaction plate generation induction effect on it and the overhead passage way top board lower surface produces horizontal thrust, advances in order to drive aerotrain.
Power equipment supply comprises that the outside face of vacuum tank left and right sides sidewall is symmetrical arranged main transformer, rectifier, the inverter in two pantographs, the compartment in the said car, every joint compartment interior power equipment supply of harnessing an animal to a cart, produce three-phase power, supply with linear electric motors and pneumatic shuttle.
Said operating-controlling mechanism is controller and the operator's station that is positioned at a car that suspends.Total control circuit is arranged in the controller, and the rectifier, the inverter that respectively save the compartment for full train provide control signal, and the train operator again via controller, sends various operating instructions to full train by operator's station.
The free air suspension car of the external development of eighties of last century is to utilize gas engine to produce high pressure gas, sprays into between compartment and guide rail or ground, forms air cushion in the gas apron of bottom, compartment, holds up the compartment.Because whole free air suspension car is a rigidity entity, the high vibration of gas engine, jet engine, and the rocking of high speed free air suspension car itself, all require the metal gas apron periphery of free air suspension car bottom and ground or and guide rail between enough height will be arranged, to prevent scratching, this just cause in the air cushion high pressure gas leak in a large number, so the energy consumption that free air suspension car suspends is very big.In addition, free air suspension car utilizes the jet engine driving to advance, and therefore, free air suspension car not only energy consumption is big, and noise is big, pollution is big, and free air suspension car almost disappeares even to this day.
On each joint suspension compartment of aerotrain of the present invention, a top opening is arranged all, be buckled in the vacuum tank of overhead passage way top board lower surface, the sidewall of vacuum tank is flexible, and when air was drawn out of in the vacuum tank, the vacuum tank base plate rose, and the pull-up compartment suspends.The periphery suitable for reading of vacuum tank does not contact with the overhead passage way top board, the high pressure air that blowing engine produces arrives top board by blast pipe, utilize the application force of high pressure gas, make and produce a very thin air cushion between vacuum tank upper periphery and top board, very little air gap utilizes non-contacting linear motor driving aerotrain to advance then.Air gap between this air suspension train vacuum tank and top board is than the little order of magnitude of the energy of the air gap under the above-mentioned free air suspension car gas apron, and the energy consumption that therefore suspends is little.Owing to be to utilize non-contacting linear motor driving, noise and pollution also alleviate greatly in addition.Aerotrain of the present invention is to be suspended in vacuum tank bottom, compares with free air suspension car, and stability is obviously improved, and accidental beat can automatically reply.The blower fan on the compartment and the vibration of motor are all absorbed by the elastic sidewall of vacuum tank, and the air gap between vacuum tank and top board is not had influence.When aerotrain of the present invention moved, vacuum tank was inhaled on the lower surface of overhead passage way top board, and car body suspends; During inlet parking, rely on attachment strap outstanding outside the compartment to drop on the supporting plate of overhead passage way side plate inside face.In aerotrain startup or the docking process, the lifting in compartment only is several centimetres a height, if suspension mechanism in service or driver train are out of order, aerotrain also just descends several centimetres and drops on the supporting plate, and therefore aerotrain safety of the present invention is secure.The whole suspensions and the driving arrangement of aerotrain of the present invention all are installed in the vacuum tank, have only the exhausr port of induced draft fan to be positioned at the vacuum tank floor below, and be therefore less to the noise effect of compartment and environment.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1, the present invention releases a kind of brand new high speed railway, and it is fast that it has speed concurrently, and the advantage that traveling comfort is good He safe can all weather operation, from structural principle, and the danger that there is not derailing in it or overturns.
2, the air gap between the vacuum tank of aerotrain of the present invention and overhead passage way top board is little, compares with free air suspension car, and the suspension power consumption is little; The present invention is an aerotrain, does not have the wheel track friction, compares with conventional train, and advance resistance is little, thereby driving power consumption is little; The compartment of aerotrain of the present invention is to be hung in vacuum tank bottom, compares aerotrain good stability of the present invention with existing various vehicles.
3, overhead passage way of the present invention is simple in structure, and consumable material is few, and overhead passage way is built on stilts to be laid, and floor area is few, and therefore overhead passage way laid down cost of the present invention is low, and is approximately only suitable with China traditional railway.
4, aerotrain of the present invention is the energy with electric power, does not have exhaust emission; There are not noise pollution such as wheel-rail friction in aerotrain suspension operation of the present invention; Aerotrain of the present invention utilizes air suspension, does not exist with the issuable electromagnetic pollution of magnetic levitation.
5, overhead passage way of the present invention and aerotrain can be used as inter-city high-speed rail, also can be used for city railway, and such as subway, light rail, suburban railway etc., so the present invention can be present all kinds railway and realize great-leap-forward development, and a kind of new selection is provided.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the basic block diagram in overhead passage way and the suspension compartment of a kind of high speed railway embodiment of the present invention ();
Fig. 2 is the vacuum box structure figure of a kind of high speed railway embodiment of the present invention ();
Fig. 3 is the air inducing facility installation drawing of a kind of high speed railway embodiment of the present invention ();
Fig. 4 is the blast apparatus erection plan of a kind of high speed railway embodiment of the present invention ();
Fig. 5 is the flat linear electric motors erection plan of a kind of high speed railway embodiment of the present invention ();
Fig. 6 is the flat structure of the linear motion actuator figure of a kind of high speed railway embodiment of the present invention ();
Fig. 7 is the suspension compartment of a kind of high speed railway embodiment of the present invention () and the matching relationship (1) of overhead passage way;
Fig. 8 is the suspension compartment of a kind of high speed railway embodiment of the present invention () and the matching relationship (2) of overhead passage way;
Fig. 9 is the suspension compartment of a kind of high speed railway embodiment of the present invention () and the matching relationship (3) of overhead passage way;
Figure 10 is the interior power equipment supply circuit diagram of the car of a kind of high speed railway embodiment of the present invention ();
Figure 11 is the suspension car overall pattern of a kind of high speed railway embodiment of the present invention ();
Figure 12 is vacuum tank and the air inducing facility installation drawing of a kind of high speed railway embodiment of the present invention (two);
Figure 13 is the disk linear electric motors erection plan of a kind of high speed railway embodiment of the present invention (two);
Figure 14 is the disk structure figure of the disk linear electric motors of a kind of high speed railway embodiment of the present invention (two);
Figure 15 is the interior power equipment supply circuit diagram of the car of a kind of high speed railway embodiment of the present invention (two);
Figure 16 is the high speed railway overall pattern of a kind of high speed railway embodiment of the present invention () or embodiment (two).
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 has provided the overhead passage way of a kind of high speed railway embodiment of the present invention () and the basic structure in suspension compartment.On overhead passage way, the two ends, the left and right sides of the crossbeam 2 of built on stilts horizontal positioned, the support 1,201 that is stood by symmetry supports, and support is at regular intervals, and both sides evenly are provided with along the railway, in the concrete foundation that the root of support fixes on the ground.Crossbeam 2 and support 1,201 can be made with steel.Fixing the top board 4 of overhead passage way in crossbeam 2 bottoms, the transversal surface of top board 4 is recessed circular arc, and its center of circle is directly over top board 4.As the part of secondary recombination reaction plate 48, the 49 formation top boards 4 that drive the train linear electric motors, be positioned at the middle part of top board 4 lower surfaces.The dual-side of top board 4 is fixed on the joint portion of crossbeam 2 and support 1,201, simultaneously, from this joint portion, is close to the left side plate 3,17 that support is symmetrical arranged overhead passage way downwards, and left side plate 3,17 is fixed on crossbeam 2 and the left and right sides support 1,201 firmly.The high-strength alloy steel plate that top board 4 and left side plate 3,17 need to be not less than 2cm with thickness is made.In the middle and upper part of left side plate 3,17 inner surfaces, fixing contact wire 18,11 by insulcrete respectively, the contact wire material can be cast copper (Cu) or rhinemetal (CuSn), sectional area 170mm2.The width of insulcrete just left and right sides contact wire can not be less than 0.4m, to prevent 3,17 electric breakdowns of contact wire and side plate to the distance of left side plate 3,17.At side plate 3,17 inside faces bottom, be provided with the supporting plate 214,14 of level symmetrically.When aerotrain stopped, left and right sides supporting plate 214,14 will be born the total weight of train, and therefore, supporting plate is made with high strength steel, and was fixed on firmly on support 1,201 and the side plate 3,17.
The suspension compartment is made up of the compartment 15 of vacuum tank 8 and carrying, and the two connects with connecting rod 216,16.Vacuum tank 8 is chests of an oblong, top opening, uncovered, is made of top box and nowel two parts, and a ventilative horizontal baffle 5 is arranged between the last nowel.The upper side wall 9 of top box is a rigid walls, and upper side wall 9 outsides are provided with pantograph 10, and another sidewall peripheral hardware of opposite has two contact wires, 18,11 moving contacts on 19, two receptor site bows of receptor site bow and the overhead passage way left side plate, provides whole electric power to train.Four peripheries of top box top opening match with the top board 4 of overhead passage way, because the transversal surface of the top board of overhead passage way 4 is a circular arc, so in four upper peripheries of the vacuum tank that is mated, two limits parallel with railway line are straight lines, and two limits vertical with railway line are circular arc lines.The lower wall 12 of vacuum tank 8 nowels links to each other with top box upper side wall 9, and lower wall 12 is flexible at vertical direction.When the compartment 15 of carrying was in non-suspended state, the total weight of the compartment of carrying 15 and vacuum tank 8 was to be loaded on the overhead passage way sidewall 3,17 on the symmetrically arranged supporting plate 214,14 by being located at attachment straps 13 below the vacuum tank base plate 7.There are pressure spring 6 supports at four jiaos of vacuum tank base plate 7 places with 5 of horizontal baffles.
Fig. 2 has provided the structure of the vacuum tank of a kind of high speed railway embodiment of the present invention ().Vacuum tank 8 is flat, a rectangular chest generally, the top opening, and uncovered is divided into top box and nowel two parts.The top box sidewall is made up of three parts, and they are upper side wall 9, air chamber wall 24 and elastic wall 23.Upper side wall 9 is rigid walls, makes with steel plate, stainless steel sheet or aluminium alloy plate, and it is positioned at the two ends of top box sidewall, and the demarcation line in it and top box sidewall stage casing is for being two vertical dotted lines of C apart from the sidewall two ends.In upper side wall 9 inboards bellows 21 are arranged, the top opening that bellows 21 and upper side wall 9 forms and the top board lower surface of overhead passage way are to cooperating, an admission port 26 is arranged at bellows 21 bottoms, end at vacuum tank top box left and right sides upper side wall, be provided with four such bellows symmetrically altogether, system makes with rigid material, for example steel plate.Air chamber wall 24 and elastic wall 23 are all made with elastomeric material, and air chamber wall 24 can be used rubber plate, elastic wall 23 available metal corrugated platings.Air chamber wall 24 length are that the length in top box sidewall stage casing is B, and B is about 2/3rds of vacuum tank total length, and air chamber wall 24 is positioned at the top in top box sidewall stage casing, and its underpart is an elastic wall 23, and elastic wall 23 is identical with air chamber wall 24 length.There is air chamber 27 inboard of air chamber wall 24, and air chamber 27 has an air extractor vent 22 to communicate with the external world, and several such air chambers are covered with the inboard of air chamber wall 24.Air chamber 27 top openings match with the overhead passage way top board, and all the other walls of air chamber 27 are airtight.All make with elastomeric material the wall and the bottom surface of air chamber 27, for example rubber.The height of the four sides sidewall of air chamber is less, and the width of bottom surface is bigger, its height to width ratio is 1/4th, therefore, when the air chamber wall 24 in vacuum tank top box sidewall stage casing is subjected to up and down gas pressure power, can buckling deformation, promptly top box sidewall stage casing can epirelief or recessed, simultaneously, elastic wall 23 and thrust spring 28 are also along with variation.In the horizontal direction, the effect of external force can not cause the tangible flexural deformation in stage casing.Vacuum tank 8 is along horizontal center line, about be symmetry fully, be air chamber 27 such as a side, opposite side is identical air chamber 29.In the sidewall of vacuum tank top box four sides, two parallel with the overhead passage way side plate that is parallel with railway line upper limbs than long sidewall are flat lines, and the upper limb that two other sidewalls vertical with the overhead passage way side plate are called end wall 20 is a circular arc line, the radius of this circular arc is identical with the arc radius of overhead passage way top board, and the two matches.The middle part of vacuum tank horizontal baffle 5 in the middle of two casees about in the of 8 is empty, full communication between the higher and lower levels, and horizontal baffle 5 usefulness steel plates are made.Lower wall 12 is elastic walls, makes with metal corrugated plate, and vacuum tank base plate 7 usefulness high tensile steel plates are made.Pressure spring 6 is supported between horizontal baffle 5 and the base plate 7, and 7 four jiaos of places of base plate respectively establish a pressure spring, and effect is to make vacuum tank upper periphery and overhead passage way top board keep cooperating.The pneumatic shuttle that is located in the vacuum tank 8 comprises air inducing equipment and blast apparatus.
Fig. 3 has provided the air inducing equipment mounting structure figure of a kind of high speed railway embodiment of the present invention (), and air inducing equipment is one of pneumatic shuttle of embodiment ().Air inducing equipment is made up of induced draft fan 33, change-speed box 34, id-motor 35, height sensor 36, air inducing controller 248.When id-motor 35 drives induced draft fan 33 startups by change- speed box 34,4 part air of vacuum tank 8 and top board have been extracted, when vacuum tank base plate when difference of pressure is enough big about in the of 7, base plate 7 rises together with compartment 15, elastomeric lower wall 12 of vacuum tank and pressure spring 6 are compressed, and the supporting plate 214,14 that the attachment strap 13 under the vacuum tank base plate leaves on the overhead passage way side plate also rises.At vacuum tank 8 horizontal baffles and 7 of base plates a height sensor 36 is arranged, it provides altitude signal, pass to air inducing controller 248, through comparing with setting value, air inducing controller 248 provides control signal to the interior power equipment supply 215 of car, adjust the output frequency of the frequency converter of id-motor 35, the rotating speed of control induced draft fan 33 makes vacuum tank base plate 7 remain on a certain specified altitude assignment.The induction opening 22 outer logical atmosphere of the air chamber 27 on the top box upper side wall, so air chamber 27 internal gas pressures are higher than vacuum tank 8 internal gas pressures, air chamber 27 base plates are to pressing down thrust spring 28 and elastic wall, air chamber 27 upper peripheries leave overhead passage way top board 4, select the size of air chamber 27 base areas and admission port 22 rightly, can make 4 on air chamber 27 upper peripheries and whole air chamber wall 24 upper limbs and top board produce the 3mm gap.The air chamber wall 24 of vacuum tank 8 matches with the lower surface of overhead passage way top board 4, opposite side air chamber wall inboard, opposite is an air chamber 27, the upper limb of vacuum tank 8 former and later two end walls of top box is a circular arc, it matches with the circular arc of top board 4, that is four upper peripheries of vacuum tank are on the curved surface of circular arc, and this curved surface is identical with the curved surface of top board 4.The benefit that the two arc-shaped surface matches just is, it can play the guiding role to advancing aerotrain, when the aerotrain straight-line travelling, the action of gravity in this circular arc cooperation and compartment 15 remains on the position of center line of overhead passage way compartment 15; When aerotrain entered bend or have side direction wind to act on compartment 15, the cooperation of this circular arc added the action of gravity in compartment 15 itself, compartment 15 is only slightly put, and when external influence was eliminated, railway carriage 15 can turn back to the line of centers of overhead passage way rapidly.The length in vacuum tank 8 and compartment 15 is identical with width, and its length is 20 meters, and width is 3 meters.When the gap of the upper periphery of vacuum tank and top board 4 is 3mm, in order to make vacuum tank base plate 7 every sq ms produce 1 ton lift force, as calculated, air quantity can not be less than 40000m3/h, and blast can not be lower than 10000Pa, for this reason, select two high-pressure suction fans in each vacuum tank for use, model is 9-19, N014, every power of motor 132kW, every typhoon fan delivery 25916m 3/ h, total head 11771Pa.
Fig. 4 has provided the blast apparatus mounting structure figure of a kind of high speed railway embodiment of the present invention (), and blast apparatus is one of pneumatic shuttle of embodiment ().Blast apparatus is made up of blowing engine 40, blower motor 41, flexible pipe 42, bellows 21, rang sensor 44, air blast controller 249, wherein, blowing engine 40 and blower motor 41 all are fixed on the base plate 7 in the vacuum tank 8, blowing engine 40 is worked under the drive of blower motor 41, the admission port 43 of blowing engine 40 is interior air-breathing from vacuum tank 8, outlet output high pressure air from blowing engine 40 by flexible pipe 42, enters into bellows 21.Bellows 21 are flat little casees of an oblong uncovered, and it is in the inboard of upper side wall 9, and four uncovered on it peripheries match with the lower surface of the overhead passage way top board 4 of circular arc, have an induction opening to be connected in the outlet of blowing engine 40 on bellows 21 base plates.The high pressure air that attracts from blowing engine 40 enters bellows 21, because the effect of going along with sb. to guard him of bellows 21 peripheries, high pressure air acts on up and down between the base plate of top board 4 and bellows 21, overcome the elastic force that vacuum tank 8 internal pressure springs 6 and elastomeric lower wall 12 make progress, bellows 21 are moved down, upper periphery and 4 on top board at bellows 21 produce the gap, and this gap is approximately 3mm, drive vacuum tank 8 upper side walls 9 and end wall 20 and also leave simultaneously overhead passage way top board 4 lower surface 3mm downwards.The function of flexible pipe 42 is that high pressure air is incorporated into bellows 21 from blowing engine 40, simultaneously, and when the base plate rising of vacuum tank 8, during 12 compressions of vacuum tank lower wall, flexible pipe 42 also compresses or is crooked, can not hinder the compressive deformation of lower wall 12, promptly can not hinder base plate 7 and rise.Respectively there are bellows at the two ends of upper side wall 9, and two bellows are also arranged on the opposite side wall symmetrically, have 4 same bellows in the vacuum tank.Bellows 21 wide 0.5m, long 1.0m, when the upper periphery of bellows 21 and top board 4 gaps are 3mm, high pressure blower of each bellows adapted, model is 9-19, N09,15kW, air quantity 6752m 3/ h, total head 4632Pa.At this moment, the thrust up and down of the high pressure air of 4 on each bellows and top board is 236kgf.The sidewall of bellows 21 is provided with a rang sensor 44 outward, its function is to detect the distance of 4 on bellows 21 upper peripheries and top board at any time, provide signal and pass to air blast controller 249, through comparing with setting value, air blast controller 249 provides control signal to the interior power equipment supply 215 of car, adjust the output frequency of the frequency converter of blower motor 41, the rotating speed of control blowing engine 40, make bellows 21 upper peripheries, upper side wall 9, end wall 20 all and 4 distances that remain on 3mm of top board last.
Fig. 5 provides the flat linear electric motors mounting structure figure of a kind of high speed railway embodiment of the present invention ().Be located at the pantograph of aerotrain vacuum tank top box left and right sides sidewall outside face, from the contact wire that is located at overhead passage way left side plate inside face, receive defeated next electric current, and be sent to power equipment supply case in the car from ground substation.Under a car driver behavior personnel control that suspends, finish transformation, conversion process, the three plase alternating current line of force that the power equipment supply case comes out in the car is received the flat linear electric motors elementary 53 in the vacuum tank 8, it is being used in the slotted core of silicon steel plate packing, be tied with three phase windings, when passing to three plase alternating current, on its exposed magnetic face, produce the electromagnetic field that moves.The magnetic of linear electric motors elementary 53 faces up, the recombination reaction plate 48,49 that is provided with on corresponding overhead passage way top board 4 inside faces, and wherein going up reaction plate 48 is iron plate, and thickness is 20mm, and following reaction plate 49 is copper coin or aluminium sheet, and thickness is 10mm.Distance is 12mm between linear electric motors magnetic face and its corresponding reaction plate lower surface.The electromagnetic field effect that moves on the elementary 53 magnetic faces of linear electric motors is in reaction plate 48,49, and produces eddy current in reaction plate, and eddy current acts on mutually in the shifting magnetic field on the elementary 53 magnetic faces of linear electric motors and the reaction plate, produces the thrust that the driving aerotrain advances.Last reaction plate 48 and following reaction plate 49, the two Jin Stickers constitutes the recombination reaction plate together.Reaction plate 48 provides the magnetic line of force path, and eddy current and shifting magnetic field effect that reaction plate 49 produces produce propulsive effort.Simultaneously, reaction plate and flat linear electric motors elementary 53 attractive, the two the distance more little gravitation big more, need be to its spacing from controlling.Its control process is: the induced draft fan in vacuum tank 8 starts, vacuum tank base plate 7 rises, elastomeric lower wall 12 compressions, two sensors 50,54 at the two ends of linear electric motors elementary 53, the distance that detection of straight lines electric motor primary 53 upper surfaces and following reaction plate are 49, look at whether depart from setting value, sensor feeds back to the automatic base 51,251 of two automatically controlled liftings supporting linear electric motors elementary 53 to the difference of measured value and setting value, carries out automatic compensation.Automatically base 51,251 is fixed on the vacuum tank base plate 7 by pedestal 52,252.The braking of aerotrain has dual mode: regenerative brake and friction braking, regenerative brake is a kind of electric braking method, it sends braking instruction by the driver, the controller of a suspension car sends control signal for the frequency converter of the linear electric motors 53 of each railway carriage, reduce output frequency, even provide 0 frequency, at this moment the linear electric motors 53 in advancing have become electrical generator, not only have electric energy by pantograph and contact wire to the electrical network feedback, and the electromagnetic force of 48,49 of linear electric motors elementary 53 and reaction plates stops train to move on, and stops up to aerotrain.This regenerative brake is basic braking method.Another friction braking is a kind of mechanical braking method, in case of emergency, the driver cuts off the power supply of the id-motor that respectively saves the compartment, and each attachment strap 13 that saves the compartment drops on the supporting plate 214,14 of overhead passage way, friction force between the two makes train deceleration, up to stopping.
Fig. 6 has provided the flat structure of the linear motion actuator of a kind of high speed railway embodiment of the present invention ().Elementary 53 iron core 60 of flat linear electric motors is that folded system forms after going out slotted eye with the strip shape silicon steel plate, in its slotted eye, be provided with three phase windings 61 that the high strength enamel covered wire turns to, the three phase mains wire terminal that picks out from winding 61 is x, y, z, and the basic specification of this line inductance electromotor elementary 53 is as follows:
Elementary core length: 2476mm;
Pole span: 280.8mm;
Elementary core-lamination stack thickness: 300mm;
Elementary core-lamination stack height: 124mm;
Every mutually every utmost point groove number: 3;
Number of poles: 8;
Winding connection method: Y;
Power: 120kW;
Frequency: 0～50Hz;
Three-phase alternating voltage: 1100V;
Electric current: 170A;
Synchronous speed: 42.5km/h;
Maximum speed: 70km/h.
This flat line inductance electromotor can be used for urban light rail and subway, and speed per hour is the 40-70 kilometer.
Fig. 7 has provided the suspension compartment of the embodiment of the invention () and the matching relationship (1) of overhead passage way.The upper periphery of the top box sidewall of vacuum tank 8 and the lower surface of overhead passage way top board 4 match and, the top box sidewall is formed by three sections, two sections of two ends are identical, shorter, be rigid walls, marked the upper side wall 9 of an end among the figure, middle one section longer, be formed by connecting up and down by air chamber wall 24 and elastic wall 23.Upper side wall 9 inside faces in rigidity have bellows 21, and the uncovered periphery in the top of bellows 21 matches with the lower surface of top board 4.An induction opening is arranged on the base plate of bellows 21, and it is received in the outlet of blowing engine 40 by flexible pipe 42.Blowing engine 40 is driven by blower motor 41, and the high pressure air of blowing engine 40 enters bellows 21, and the anticyclonic pressure effect makes bellows 21 upper peripheries and 4 gaps that produce a 3mm of top board.On air chamber wall 24 inside faces air chamber 27 is arranged, the uncovered periphery in air chamber 27 tops cooperates with the lower surface of top board 4.Air chamber 27 on the air chamber wall 24 has an induction opening 22 to communicate with ambient atmosphere, and several such air chambers are arranged on the inside face of air chamber wall 24.When induced draft fan starts, vacuum tank 8 internal gas pressures are lower than ambient pressure, ambient air enters air chamber 27 by induction opening 22, if the gap of the upper periphery of air chamber 27 and top board 4 is very little or when not having, air chamber 27 internal gas pressures near or equal ambient pressure, be higher than vacuum tank 8 internal gas pressures, the downward plenum chamber base plate 86 of gas in the air chamber 27, this power is passed to elastic wall 23 and thrust spring 28, and elastic wall 23 and thrust spring 28 are compressed, 4 on air chamber 27 upper peripheries and top board produce the gap simultaneously, and air chamber 27 internal gas pressures descend.By selecting the size of air chamber 27 floor spaces and admission port 22 rightly, can make 4 gas leakage gaps that keep 3mm of air chamber 27 upper peripheries and top board, this moment, the deformation force of elastic wall 23 and pressure spring 28 equated with the draught head of air chamber base plate about in the of 86.
Fig. 8 has provided the suspension compartment of the embodiment of the invention () and the matching relationship (2) of overhead passage way.Wherein, (a) figure expression levitated vehicle railway carriage or compartment is with respect to the situation of overhead passage way generation horizontal-shift, and compartment 15 is δ with the horizontal-shift 91 of overhead passage way line of centers, when aerotrain low speed enters bend, this situation can occur on the cross section, middle part in suspension compartment.Although the height of aerotrain does not change, but the vacuum tank 8 of aerotrain changed with cooperating of suspension passage top board 4, rise on air chamber 27 positions on figure (a) vacuum tank left side, elastic wall 23 and thrust spring 28 diastoles, and the variation of the air chamber 29 on vacuum tank the right is opposite, air chamber 29 descends, and thrust spring and elastic wall below it are compressed.Here be noted that the reason of lifting is gaseous tension and elastic wall and the coefficient result of thrust spring inside and outside the air chamber to left and right sides air chamber along with changing with top board 4 relative positions.The difference of pressure about the air chamber base plate and the deformation force balance of elastic wall and thrust spring, if distance departs from this value between air chamber upper periphery and top board, then above-mentioned difference of pressure and deformation force overbalance, and will carry out automatic compensation, up to its spacing when reverting to setting value 3mm, above-mentioned two forcees balance, and keep its spacing from constant.In addition, because there is horizontal-shift in the suspension compartment with respect to the overhead passage way center, the diastolic dimension that is located at the pantograph of vacuum tank left and right sides sidewall outer changes, 10 diastoles of right side pantograph, but still keep reliably contacting with contact wire 11, left side pantograph then is compressed.(b) figure expression levitated vehicle railway carriage or compartment 15 and vacuum tank 8 are more higher than the normal position in the suspension passage, and when aerotrain was climbed, this situation can appear in the stage casing, compartment.At this moment, the contact position of vacuum tank 8 left and right sides pantographs and contact wire descends, and for example figure (b) contact wire 11 that marked the right side is in the lower edge of pantograph 10.This figure explanation, when the suspension car position raises, the left air chamber 27 of vacuum tank 8 still can keep normally cooperating with the upper periphery of right air chamber 29 with suspension passage top board 4, promptly keep the gap of 3mm constant, its former carrying on as before as described above is the up and down result of pressure reduction and elastic wall and thrust spring deformation force maintenance balance of air chamber base plate.Certainly, when the suspension car position raise, vacuum tank top box left and right sides elastic wall and thrust spring be compression to some extent all, but deformation force only a little increases, reduce a little in the gap of vacuum tank left and right sides air chamber upper periphery and top board 4, but still at normalized distance from interior.Marked the thrust spring 28 in left side among the figure (b).
Fig. 9 has provided the suspension compartment of the embodiment of the invention () and the matching relationship (3) of overhead passage way.When the figure shows aerotrain and having sailed bend at a high speed, because action of centrifugal force, compartment 15 and vacuum tank 8 are put along the centnifugal force direction, the line of centers and the overhead passage way line of centers of its suspension compartment 15 and vacuum tank 8, promptly do not overlap also not parallel, and shape α in an angle.The analysis showed that the size of angle α depends on the radius of curvature of bend and the speed that train is advanced.When aerotrain enters bend fast, under centrifugal action, the air chamber 27 on the vacuum tank 8 top box left and right sides sidewalls and the upper periphery of air chamber 28, lower surface along the suspension passage top board 4 of circular arc, keep the 3mm gap constant, and slide, put a α angle simultaneously to the centnifugal force direction, left and right sides pantograph still keeps reliably contacting with contact wire, effectively transferring electric power.Pressure changes between the diastolic dimension of pantograph and contact wire and pantograph, and for example the pantograph 10 on right side is compressed, and 11 pressure of pantograph 10 and contact wire increase, and the situation in left side is just in time opposite.In addition, though the relative position of the supporting plate 214,14 on attachment strap 13 under the vacuum tank 8 and the suspension passage side plate change, but still in safe range.In advancing, attachment strap 13 can not run into overhead passage way sidewall and supporting plate, and during inlet parking, centnifugal force disappears, compartment and overhead passage way central lines, and attachment strap 13 still can steadily drop on the supporting plate 214,14.
Figure 10 is the interior power equipment supply scheme circuit of the car of a kind of high speed railway embodiment of the present invention (), and this is one 3 kilovolts Alternating Current Power Supply unit power circuits.Pantograph 19,10 obtains AC3000V from contact wire 18,11,50Hz electric power, and wherein contact wire 18 connects ac high-voltage, contact wire 11 ground connection.The electric current that obtains from contact wire 18, by pantograph 19, pass through vacuum breaker 106 again, enter main transformer 107, two rectifiers 109,122 that constitute with gate level turn-off thyristor GTO are received in its secondary side 108,119 outputs, but these two rectifiers compose in parallel the four-quadrant inverted rectifier, its output is received VVVF inverter 110 through reservoir capacitance 111, and the output of VVVF inverter 110 is to receive two motors such as flat linear electric motors 53 grades that are used to drive train through three-phase power line.Three sides, 114 outputs of main transformer 107 connect rectifier 112, and to inverter 113, the three plase alternating current of output 380V uses for four blower motors through reservoir capacitance 115, and the separate unit power of blower motor 41 is 15kW.Four sides, 116 outputs of main transformer 107 connect rectifier 120, arrive inverter 118 through reservoir capacitance 117 again, and the three plase alternating current of output 380V is supplied with two id-motors, and the separate unit power of id-motor 35 is 132kW.Five sides, the 121 output 385V of main transformer 107,100kVA is used for the auxiliary circuit power supply.The control circuit of the inverter 110 of the flat linear electric motors 53 of driving usefulness concentrates in the controller of a car that suspends, by the unified control of train operator.The control of the inverter 113 of blower motor 41 and the inverter 118 of id-motor 35 is divided into two parts, and start and stop control is by train operator's operation, and rotating-speed control circuit is positioned at and respectively saves the compartment, carries out automatic guidance according to the signal of sensor acquisition.A suspension car is PWM pulse duration modulation method and slip frequency controlled method to the control technology of inverter 110 employings of drive motor.The slip frequency controlled ratio juris is the detection according to speed sensor, can obtain revolutional slip Δ f, again it and speed setting value f *Superimposed, with the frequency setting value f of this superposition value as inverter 1 *, just realized the slip compensation, thereby higher adjusting speed accuracy arranged.When being in the regenerative brake state, inverter 110 becomes rectifier, but the output high direct voltage is added to inverted rectifier 109,122 through reservoir capacitance 111, through main transformer 107 electric energy is fed back in the contact wire electrical network again.The main transformer 107 in this programme and the principal parameter of drive motor 53 are:
Main transformer is once: capacity 664kVA, voltage AC3000V;
Secondary: capacity 240kVA, voltage AC700V;
Three times: capacity 60kVA, voltage AC385V;
Four times: capacity 264kVA, voltage AC385V;
Five times: capacity 100kVA, voltage AC385V.
Drive with flat linear electric motors separate unit capacity: 120kW;
Three-phase alternating voltage: 1100V;
Frequency of operation: 0～50Hz.
Figure 11 has provided the overall pattern of the suspension car of a kind of high speed railway embodiment of the present invention ().A car that suspends comprises a car 66, suspension mechanism, driver train, operating-controlling mechanism and Che Nei power equipment supply, and wherein suspension mechanism, driver train and Che Nei power equipment supply all are identical with aforementioned suspension compartment.Among this figure, suspension mechanism has marked blowing engine 41, id-motor 35 and induced draft fan 33, and driver train has marked flat linear electric motors elementary 53.The operating-controlling mechanism of a suspension car is operator's station and controller.Also there are part passenger seat and general-utility in car 66 inside.The main difference in a car and suspension compartment that suspends is:
1, the front end outward appearance of a car 66 is a stream line pattern, positive You Si Ji lookout window;
The operator's station that 2, train is arranged in the car 66 on operator's station, has the various instrument of indication train runing parameters, and by operator's station, the driver sends various instructions such as startup, acceleration, deceleration, brake to full train;
3, be provided with the controller of full train in the car 66, frequency conversion speed-adjusting system in the power equipment supply case in the car in each compartment of full train is carried out overhead control, the instruction that it sends on operator's station according to the train operator after carrying out computing and handling, is sent control signal to each compartment of full train.
Figure 12 has provided vacuum tank and the air inducing equipment mounting structure figure of a kind of high speed railway embodiment of the present invention (two).The unique difference of the vacuum tank 208 of embodiment (two) and the vacuum tank of embodiment () is, the admission port of the bellows in the vacuum tank 208 of embodiment (two) not on the bellows base plate, and on the sidewall of bellows, the logical outward atmosphere of admission port.Shown in figure (a) and (b), (c), on the sidewall of the bellows 221 of vacuum tank 208 top boxs, there is admission port 226 to communicate with atmosphere.Start induced draft fan 233, vacuum tank 208 internal gas pressures descend, and base plate 207 drives compartment 15 and rises.If when the upper periphery of bellows 221 and suspension passage top board 4 were very close to each other, bellows 221 internal gas pressures equaled environment atmospheric pressure, are higher than the vacuum tank internal gas pressure, the differential pressure action about bellows 221 base plates is in lower wall 212 and pressure spring 206, and makes its compression.Select the size of bellows 221 floor spaces and bellows admission port 226 rightly, can make 4 on bellows 221 upper peripheries and top board produce the 3mm gap, also produce the 3mm gap between the upper side wall 209 of drive vacuum tank (208) and the upper limb of end wall 220 and top board (4).Based on same principle, contain the gap that the upper limb of upper periphery, the upper side wall 224 of the air chamber 227 of induction opening 222 also keeps 3mm with top board 4.Under the draught head effect, bellows 221 base plates press down lower wall 212 and pressure spring 206, and air chamber 227 presses down elastic wall 223 and thrust spring.Lower wall 212 refers to the elastic wall around the vacuum tank nowel.The pneumatic shuttle of embodiment (two) includes only air inducing equipment, and blowing engine is not set.
Figure 13 has provided the disk linear electric motors mounting structure figure of a kind of high speed railway embodiment of the present invention (two).Sidewall outer pantograph in the vacuum tank left and right sides obtains electric current from the contact wire on the overhead passage way side plate, under the control of a car that suspends, finishes transformation, frequency conversion in the power equipment supply case in car, provides electric power to these compartment disk linear electric motors.Disk linear electric motors major part has the recombination reaction plate 48,49 that is located at overhead passage way top board 4 middle parts; Be located at the driving asynchronous dynamo 71 on the vacuum tank base plate 7; Asynchronous dynamo 71 horizontal output shafts link to each other with change-speed box 73 by a coupler; The output shaft of change-speed box 73 vertically upward, the lifting magnet 72 of the output shaft end horizontal fixed that it protrudes upward.Lifting magnet 72 is by the iron pan of circle and utilize permanent magnet to be formed according to the circular magnetic face that N, S, N, S are combined in proper order at the iron pan upper surface.When lifting magnet 72 during by asynchronous dynamo 71 driven rotary, the magnetic face of lifting magnet 72 is inswept recombination reaction plate 48,49 from the below, the magnetic field of magnetic face produces eddy current in recombination reaction plate 48,49, and magnetic face magnetic field and result that eddy current acts on mutually produce horizontal thrust and drive aerotrain and advance.Iron plate in permanent magnet and the recombination reaction plate produces gravitation simultaneously, and this gravitation affacts on the suspension compartment by vacuum tank, and its direction is to pull a cart the railway carriage or compartment upwards, and it is by compartment gravity institute balance.Lifting magnet 72 rotates on horizontal surface, its up the magnetic face and the lower surface spacing of recombination reaction plate 48,49 be 12mm, between magnetic face and recombination reaction plate this distance must be guaranteed.Before and after the disk linear electric motors, respectively establish a rang sensor 74,75, detect the distance of recombination reaction plate 48,49 at any time to vacuum tank base plate 7.Because the magnetic face of lifting magnet 72 is certain to the distance of vacuum tank base plate 7, therefore, rang sensor 74,75 has also just quite detected the distance of recombination reaction plate to the magnetic face.Rang sensor 74,75 provides signal and passes to Magnetic Disk Controler 271, through comparing with setting value, Magnetic Disk Controler 271 provides control signal induced draft fan frequency converter in the power equipment supply 215 in the car, adjusts the induced draft fan rotating speed, makes lifting magnet 72 and recombination reaction distance between plates from remaining on the setting value.The diameter of lifting magnet 72 is 1.2m, recombination reaction plate and lifting magnet overlap width 300mm.The capacity of asynchronous induction machine 71 is 300kW, and voltage is 2000 volts, frequency of operation 0～140Hz.Asynchronous induction machine 71 driven rotary lifting magnets 72 are a kind of line inductance electromotors with the reaction plate effect, and 4 this magnet dish-type linear electric motors are joined in every suspension compartment, are used for inter-city passenger rail, and speed per hour can be above 400 kilometers.
Figure 14 has provided the structure of the lifting magnet of the embodiment of the invention (two) disk linear electric motors.Lifting magnet 72 is the upper surfaces at a circular iron pan 81, and the cylindrical of adjacent iron pan 81 with the discharging of ining succession successively of some permanent magnets, forms continuous magnetic field of permanent magnet at the outer shroud of iron pan 81 upper surfaces according to N, S, N, S magnetic pole order.With one of them permanent magnet 80 is example, its utmost point S up, another utmost point N and iron pan 81 are tightly inhaled together.Each permanent magnet all is fan-shaped, and all permanent magnets are combined into a magnet ring, inhales the upper surface at iron pan 81.The thickness of permanent magnet is 80mm, and radical length is 300mm, and iron pan 81 diameters are 1.2m, and thickness is 80mm, and there is an axis hole at the center of iron pan 81, and it matches with the output shaft of asynchronous dynamo.Between the permanent magnet, all be coated with high-strength lining cement between permanent magnet and the iron pan 81, to obtain more high structural strength.
Figure 15 is the circuit diagram of the interior power equipment supply of car of a kind of high speed railway embodiment of the present invention (two), and this is one 20,000 5 kilovolts Alternating Current Power Supply unit power circuits.Pantograph pan 19,10 obtains AC25000V, 50Hz electric current from contact wire 18,11, and wherein contact wire 18 connects ac high-voltage, contact wire 11 ground connection.Pass through pantograph 19, vacuum breaker 132, enter main transformer 134 from the electric current of contact wire 18, two rectifiers 136,139 that constitute with gate level turn-off thyristor GTO are received in its secondary side 135,138 outputs, but these two rectifiers compose in parallel the four-quadrant inverted rectifier, its output is received VVVF inverter 137 through reservoir capacitance 147, and 4 motors such as asynchronous induction machine 71 grades that are used to drive train are received in the output of VVVF inverter 137 through three-phase power line.Three sides, 140 outputs of main transformer 134 connect rectifier 141, and to inverter 142, the three plase alternating current of output 380V is supplied with 4 blower motors, blower motor 41 separate unit power 15kW through reservoir capacitance 148.Four sides 143 of main transformer connect rectifier 144, pass through reservoir capacitance 149 again, and to inverter 145, the three plase alternating current of output 380V is supplied with two id-motors, the separate unit power 132kW of id-motor 35.Five sides, the 146 output 385V of main transformer 134,100kVA is used for the auxiliary electrical power supply.Driving concentrates in the controller of a car that suspends with the control circuit of the inverter of disk linear electric motors 71, by the unified control of train operator.The control of the inverter 142 of blower motor 41 and the inverter 145 of id-motor 35 is divided into two parts, the start and stop control button is in a car that suspends, by train operator operation, rotating-speed control circuit is positioned at and respectively saves the compartment, carries out automatic guidance according to the signal of sensor acquisition.A suspension car is PWM pulse duration modulation method and slip frequency method to the control technology of inverter 137 employings of the drive motor 71 in each compartment.The main transformer 134 in this programme and the principal parameter of disk linear electric motors 71 are:
Main transformer is once: capacity 1624kVA, voltage AC25000V;
Secondary: capacity 1200kVA, voltage AC1100V;
Three times: capacity 60kVA, voltage AC385V;
Four times: capacity 264KVA, voltage AC385V;
Five this: capacity 100KVA, voltage AC385V.
Disk linear electric motors capacity: 300kW;
Three-phase alternating voltage: 2000V;
Frequency of operation: 0～140Hz.
Figure 16 has provided the high speed railway overall pattern of a kind of high speed railway embodiment of the present invention () or embodiment (two).Wherein aerotrain is an aerotrain of being made up of 6 joint suspension compartments and head and the tail two a joint suspension car of totally 8 joints, the crossbeam 2 of overhead passage way, support 1 and top board 4, and the root of support 1 is fixed in the ground-surface concrete foundation.By a car 66 grades 2 joint suspend row that 6 joint suspension compartments such as a car and compartment 150 form totally 8 aerotrains that save below overhead passage way, suspend and advance.The linkage section 67 of aerotrain has three effects, and the one, current for the passenger, the yardstick of height and width need guarantee; The 2nd, front and back spur between the compartment, and enough tensile strengths be arranged; The 3rd, in order to keep compartment 150 anterior-posterior balances, prevent pitching, linkage section 67 will have certain rigidity on train is vertical.Alternating Current Power Supply unit power circuit on the aerotrain is introduced electric power by pantograph, and common a pair of pantograph can be supplied two element circuits, the shared a pair of pantograph in promptly per two joint suspension compartments.In order to make operating aerotrain not produce too much influence to other activity of the ground mankind, compartment 150 distance from bottom floor levels can not be lower than 6m, and corresponding support 1 height can not be lower than 10m.

Claims (10)

1. high speed railway, it is made up of following part: overhead passage way, and the crossbeam (2) that it is set up by top board (4), left side plate (3,17), left side plate inside face symmetry horizontally disposed contact wire (18,11), supporting plate (214,14), the linear electric motors recombination reaction plate (48,49) that is arranged on top board (4) lower surface, top board (4) upper horizontal of arc, the support (1,201) at supporting traverse (2) two ends are formed; Aerotrain, it is made up of a suspend car and middle some joint suspensions compartment of head and the tail two joints, in the suspension compartment and the car that suspends identical suspension mechanism, driver train and Che Nei power equipment supply is arranged, the interior operator's station in addition of a car (66); Driver train, it is linear electric motors elementary on a compartment (15) and the car (66), and the recombination reaction plate (48,49) of it and overhead passage way top board (4) lower surface acts on mutually, and the latter is the secondary of linear electric motors; Power equipment supply in the car, the outside face that it comprises vacuum tank left and right sides sidewall is symmetrical arranged main transformer, rectifier, the inverter in two pantographs (19,10), the compartment, and every joint compartment interior power equipment supply of harnessing an animal to a cart is characterized in that:
One, described suspension mechanism is made up of vacuum tank and pneumatic shuttle, vacuum tank top opening matches with top board (4) lower surface of overhead passage way, attachment strap (13) is arranged under the base plate of vacuum tank, during non-suspension, attachment strap (13) drops on the supporting plate (214,14), pneumatic shuttle is located in the vacuum tank, and it is made up of air inducing equipment and blast apparatus;
Two, described compartment (15) and a car (66) are positioned at vacuum tank below, and have connecting rod to link to each other between the vacuum tank base plate.
2. according to the described high speed railway of claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the described overhead passage way, the two ends, the left and right sides of the crossbeam (2) of built on stilts horizontal positioned, the support (1,201) that is stood by symmetry supports, support is at regular intervals, both sides evenly are provided with along the railway, and in the concrete foundation that the root of support fixes on the ground, crossbeam (2) and support can be made with steel; Fixing the top board (4) of overhead passage way in crossbeam (2) bottom, the transversal surface of top board (4) is recessed circular arc, and its center of circle is directly over top board (4); Constitute the part of top board (4) as the secondary recombination reaction plate (48,49) that drives the train linear electric motors, be positioned at the middle part of top board (4) lower surface, wherein going up reaction plate (48) is iron plate, thickness 20mm, following reaction plate (49) is copper coin or aluminium sheet, thickness 10mm; The dual-side of top board (4) is fixed on the joint portion of crossbeam (2) and support (1,201), simultaneously, from this joint portion, be close to the left side plate (3,17) that support (1,201) is symmetrical arranged overhead passage way downwards, left side plate (3,17) is fixed on crossbeam (2) and the left and right sides support (1,201), and top board (4) and left side plate (3,17) are made with the high-strength alloy steel plate that thickness is not less than 2cm; In the middle and upper part of left side plate (3,17) inner surface, fixing contact wire (18,11) by insulcrete respectively, the contact wire material is cast copper (Cu) or rhinemetal (CuSn), sectional area 170mm 2, the width of insulcrete just left and right sides contact wire is not less than 0.4 meter to the distance of left side plate (3,17); At side plate (3,17) inside face bottom, be provided with the supporting plate (214,14) of level symmetrically, supporting plate is made with high strength steel.
3. according to the described a kind of high speed railway of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described vacuum tank (8) is flat, a rectangular chest generally, the top opening, and uncovered is divided into top box and nowel two parts; The top box sidewall is made up of three parts, and they are upper side wall (9), air chamber wall (24) and elastic wall (23); Upper side wall (9) is a rigid walls, makes with steel plate, and it is positioned at the two ends of top box sidewall, and the demarcation line in it and top box sidewall stage casing is for being two vertical dotted lines of C apart from the sidewall two ends; In upper side wall (9) inboard bellows (21) are arranged, the top opening that bellows (21) and upper side wall (9) form and top board (4) lower surface of overhead passage way are to cooperating, an admission port (26) is arranged at bellows (21) bottom, end at vacuum tank top box left and right sides upper side wall, being provided with four such bellows symmetrically altogether, is to make with steel plate, stainless steel sheet or aluminium alloy plate; Air chamber wall (24) and elastic wall (23) are all made with elastomeric material, and air chamber wall (24) is used rubber plate, and elastic wall (23) is used metal corrugated plate; Air chamber wall (24) length is that the length in top box sidewall stage casing is B, and B is about 2/3rds of vacuum tank total length, and air chamber wall (24) is positioned at the top in top box sidewall stage casing, and its underpart is elastic wall (23), and elastic wall (23) is identical with air chamber wall (24) length; There is air chamber (27) inboard of air chamber wall (24), and air chamber (27) has an air extractor vent (22) to communicate with the external world, and several same air chambers are covered with the inboard of air chamber wall (24), and air chamber top opening matches with the overhead passage way top board, and all the other walls of air chamber are airtight; All make with elastomeric elastomeric material the wall of air chamber and bottom surface; The height of the four sides sidewall of air chamber is less, and the width of bottom surface is bigger, and its height to width ratio is 1/4th; Vacuum tank (8) is along horizontal center line, about be symmetry fully, a side is air chamber (27), opposite side is identical air chamber (29); In the sidewall of vacuum tank top box four sides, two the upper limbs than long sidewall parallel with the overhead passage way side plate are flat lines, and the upper limb that two other sidewalls vertical with the overhead passage way side plate are called end wall (20) is a circular arc line, the radius of this circular arc is identical with the arc radius of overhead passage way top board (4), and the two matches; Vacuum tank (8) middle part of two casees middle horizontal baffles (5) up and down is empty, full communication between the higher and lower levels, and horizontal baffle (5) is made with steel plate; Lower wall (12) is an elastic wall, makes with metal corrugated plate, and vacuum tank base plate (7) is made with high tensile steel plate; Pressure spring (6) is supported between horizontal baffle (5) and the base plate (7), and (7) four jiaos of places of base plate respectively establish a pressure spring.
4. according to the described a kind of high speed railway of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described air inducing equipment is made up of induced draft fan (33), change-speed box (34), id-motor (35), height sensor (36), air inducing controller (248); Id-motor (35) drives induced draft fan (33) by change-speed box (34), extract part air between vacuum tank (8) and top board (4), when vacuum tank base plate (7) when difference of pressure is enough big up and down, base plate (7) rises together with compartment (15), elastomeric lower wall of vacuum tank (12) and pressure spring (6) are compressed, and the supporting plate (214,14) that the attachment strap (13) under the vacuum tank base plate (7) leaves on the overhead passage way side plate also rises; Between vacuum tank (8) horizontal baffle and base plate (7), a height sensor (36) is arranged, it provides altitude signal, pass to air inducing controller (248), through comparing with setting value, air inducing controller (248) provides control signal to the interior power equipment supply (215) of car, adjust the output frequency of the frequency converter of id-motor (35), the rotating speed of control induced draft fan (33) makes vacuum tank base plate (7) remain on a certain specified altitude assignment; The outer logical atmosphere of the induction opening (22) of the air chamber on the top box upper side wall (27), be thrust spring (28) and elastic wall under air chamber (27) base plate, select the size of air chamber (27) base areas and admission port (22) rightly, can make and produce the 3mm gap between air chamber (27) upper periphery and whole air chamber wall (24) upper limb and top board (4); Vacuum tank (8) length is 20 meters, and width is 3 meters, and the gap of the upper periphery of vacuum tank and top board (4) is 3mm, selects two high-pressure suction fans in each vacuum tank for use, and model is 9-19, N014, every power of motor 132kW, every typhoon fan delivery 25916m 3/ h, total head 11771Pa, the every sq m of vacuum tank base plate (7) has one ton lift force.
5. according to the described a kind of high speed railway of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described blast apparatus is made up of blowing engine (40), blower motor (41), flexible pipe (42), bellows (21), rang sensor (44), air blast controller (249), and blowing engine (40) and blower motor (41) all are fixed on the interior base plate (7) of vacuum tank (8); Blowing engine (40) is worked under the drive of blower motor (41), and the admission port (43) of blowing engine (40) is interior air-breathing from vacuum tank (8), and the outlet output high pressure air of blowing engine (40) enters into bellows (21) by flexible pipe (42); Bellows (21) are the flat little casees of an oblong uncovered, it is in the inboard of sidewall (9), four peripheries of its upper shed match with the lower surface of the overhead passage way top board (4) of circular arc, have an induction opening to be connected in the outlet of blowing engine (40) on bellows (21) base plate; The high pressure air that attracts from blowing engine (40) enters bellows (21), between the upper periphery of bellows (21) and top board (4), produce the gap, this gap is 3mm, drives vacuum tank (8) upper side wall (9) and end wall (20) and also leaves overhead passage way top board (4) lower surface 3mm simultaneously; Respectively there are bellows at the two ends of upper side wall (9), and two bellows are also arranged on the opposite side wall, have four same bellows in the vacuum tank; The wide 0.5m of bellows (21), long 1.0m, the upper periphery of bellows (21) and top board (4) gap 3mm, high pressure blower of each bellows adapted, model is 9-19, N09,15kW, air quantity 6752m 3/ h, total head 4632Pa, at this moment, the thrust of the high pressure air between each bellows and top board (4) is 236kgf; One side of bellows (21) is provided with a rang sensor (44), detect the distance between bellows (21) upper periphery and top board (4), provide signal and pass to air blast controller (249), through comparing with setting value, air blast controller (249) provides control signal to the interior power equipment supply (215) of car, adjust the output frequency of the frequency converter of blower motor (41), the rotating speed of control blowing engine (40) makes bellows (21) upper periphery, upper side wall (9), end wall (20) all and to remain on the distance of 3mm between top board (4) last.
6. according to the described a kind of high speed railway of claim 1, it is characterized in that: on the sidewall of the bellows (221) of described vacuum tank (208), have admission port (226) to communicate with atmosphere; Select the size of bellows admission port (226) and bellows (221) base plate rightly, and the pneumatic shuttle in the startup vacuum tank (208), can make and produce the 3mm gap between bellows (221) upper periphery and top board (4), also produce the 3mm gap between the upper side wall (209) of drive vacuum tank (208) and the upper limb of end wall (220) and top board (4); Based on same principle, under the draught head effect, the air chamber (227) that contains induction opening (222) presses down elastic wall (223) and thrust spring, and the upper limb of the upper periphery of air chamber (227), upper side wall (224) also keeps the gap of 3mm with top board (4); Pneumatic shuttle in the vacuum tank (208) is an air inducing equipment, comprise induced draft fan (233) and id-motor, vacuum tank (208) length is 20 meters, width is 3 meters, and the gap of the upper periphery of vacuum tank and top board (4) is 3mm, selects two high-pressure suction fans in each vacuum tank for use, model is 9-19, N014, every power of motor 132kW, every typhoon fan delivery 25916m 3/ h, total head 11771Pa, the every sq m of vacuum tank base plate (207) has one ton lift force.
7. according to the described a kind of high speed railway of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described driver train is elementary (53) of flat linear electric motors, the iron core (60) of elementary (53) of flat linear electric motors is that folded system forms after going out slotted eye with the strip shape silicon steel plate, in its slotted eye, be provided with three phase windings (61) that the high strength enamel covered wire turns to, the three phase mains wire terminal that picks out from winding (61) is x, y, z, and the basic specification of these linear electric motors elementary (53) is as follows:
Elementary core length: 2476mm
Pole span: 280.8mm
Elementary core-lamination stack thickness: 300mm
Elementary core-lamination stack height: 124mm
Every mutually every utmost point groove number: 3
Number of poles: 8
Winding connection method: Y
Power: 120kW
Frequency: 0～50Hz
Three-phase alternating voltage: 1100V
Electric current: 170A
Synchronous speed: 42.5km/h
Maximum speed: 70km/h
The secondary recombination reaction plate (48,49) that promptly is provided with of flat linear electric motors at top board (4) lower surface middle part, the magnetic of line inductance electromotor elementary (53) faces up, face recombination reaction plate (48,49), its spacing is from being 12mm, the electromagnetic field effect that moves on linear electric motors elementary (53) the magnetic face produces and drives the thrust that aerotrain advances in reaction plate (48,49).
8. according to the described a kind of high speed railway of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described driver train is the elementary of disk linear electric motors, disk linear electric motors elementary comprise and driving with asynchronous dynamo (71), change-speed box (73), lifting magnet (72), rang sensor (74,75), Magnetic Disk Controler (271), and be secondary for being located at the recombination reaction plate (48,49) in the middle part of overhead passage way top board (4) lower surface; The driving that is located on the vacuum tank base plate (7) links to each other with change-speed box (73) by a coupler with asynchronous dynamo (71) horizontal output shaft, the output shaft of change-speed box (73) vertically upward, the output shaft end horizontal fixed lifting magnet (72) that it protrudes upward; The structure of lifting magnet (72) is the upper surface at a circular iron pan (81), the cylindrical of adjacent iron pan (81), according to N, S, N, S magnetic pole order is with the discharging of ining succession successively of some permanent magnets, outer shroud at iron pan (81) upper surface forms continuous magnetic field of permanent magnet, with one of them permanent magnet (80) is example, its utmost point S up, another utmost point N and iron pan (81) are tightly inhaled together, each permanent magnet all is fan-shaped, all permanent magnets are combined into a magnet ring, inhale the upper surface in iron pan (81), and the thickness of permanent magnet is 80mm, radical length is 300mm, iron pan (81) diameter is 1.2m, and thickness is 80mm, and there is an axis hole at the center of iron pan (81), it matches with the output shaft of asynchronous dynamo, between permanent magnet, all be coated with high-strength lining cement between permanent magnet and the iron pan (81); Lifting magnet (72) up the magnetic face and the lower surface spacing of recombination reaction plate (48,49) be 12mm; Before and after the disk linear electric motors, respectively establish a rang sensor (74,75), detect the distance of recombination reaction plate (48,49) to vacuum tank base plate 7, provide signal and pass to Magnetic Disk Controler (271), through comparing with setting value, Magnetic Disk Controler (271) provides control signal to the interior induced draft fan frequency converter of the interior power equipment supply (215) of car, adjusts the induced draft fan rotating speed, makes lifting magnet (72) and recombination reaction distance between plates from remaining on the setting value; The diameter of lifting magnet (72) is 1.2m, recombination reaction plate and lifting magnet overlap width 300mm, and the capacity of asynchronous dynamo (71) is 300kW, three-phase alternating voltage is 2000 volts, frequency of operation 0～140Hz.
9. according to the described a kind of high speed railway of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the circuit of power equipment supply is 3 kilovolts of Alternating Current Power Supply unit power circuits in the described car, pantograph (19,10) obtain AC3000V from contact wire (18,11), 50Hz electric power, wherein contact wire (18) connects ac high-voltage, contact wire (11) ground connection; The electric current that obtains from contact wire (18), by pantograph (19), pass through vacuum breaker (106) again, enter main transformer (107), two rectifiers (109,122) that constitute with gate level turn-off thyristor GTO are received in its secondary side (108,119) output, but these two rectifiers compose in parallel the four-quadrant inverted rectifier, its output is received VVVF inversion (110) through reservoir capacitance (111), and the output of VVVF inverter (110) is two motors receiving the flat linear electric motors (53) that are used to drive train through three-phase power line; Three sides (114) output of main transformer (107) connects rectifier (112), and to inverter (113), the three plase alternating current of output 380V uses for four blower motors through reservoir capacitance (115), and the separate unit power of blower motor (41) is 15kW; Four sides (116) output of main transformer (107) connects rectifier (120), passes through reservoir capacitance (117) again to inverter (118), and the three plase alternating current of output 380V is supplied with two id-motors, and the separate unit power of id-motor (35) is 132kW; Five sides (121) output 385V of main transformer (107), 100kVA is used for the auxiliary circuit power supply; The control circuit of the inverter (110) of the flat linear electric motors (53) of driving usefulness concentrates in the controller of a car that suspends, by the unified control of train operator; The control of the inverter (113) of blower motor (41) and the inverter (118) of id-motor (35) is divided into two parts, start and stop control is operated by the train operator, rotating-speed control circuit is positioned at and respectively saves the compartment, carries out automatic guidance according to the signal of sensor acquisition; When being in the regenerative brake state, inverter (110) becomes rectifier, output high direct voltage through reservoir capacitance (111) but be added to inverted rectifier (109,122), electric energy is fed back in the contact wire electrical network through main transformer (107) again; The principal parameter of main transformer in this circuit (107) and drive motor (53) is:
Main transformer is once: capacity 664kVA voltage AC3000V
Secondary: capacity 240kVA voltage AC700V
Three times: capacity 60kVA voltage AC385V
Four times: capacity 264kVA voltage AC385V
Five times: capacity 100kVA voltage AC385V
Drive with flat linear electric motors separate unit capacity: 120kW
Three-phase alternating voltage: 1100V
Frequency of operation: 0～50Hz
10. according to the described a kind of high speed railway of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the circuit of power equipment supply is 20,000 5 kilovolts of Alternating Current Power Supply unit power circuits in the described car, pantograph (19,10) obtain AC25000V, 50Hz electric current from contact wire (18,11), wherein contact wire (18) connects ac high-voltage, contact wire (11) ground connection; Electric current from contact wire (18) passes through pantograph (19), vacuum breaker (132), enters main transformer (134), two rectifiers (136,139) that constitute with gate level turn-off thyristor GTO are received in its secondary side (135,138) output, but these two rectifiers compose in parallel the four-quadrant inverted rectifier, its output is received VVVF inverter (137) through reservoir capacitance (147), and the output of VVVF inverter (137) is to receive 4 asynchronous induction machine that are used to drive train through three-phase power line; Three sides (140) output of main transformer (134) connects rectifier (141), and to inverter (142), the three plase alternating current of output 380V is supplied with 6 blower motors, blower motor (41) separate unit power 15kW through reservoir capacitance (148); Four sides (143) of main transformer connect rectifier (144), pass through reservoir capacitance (149) again, and to inverter (145), the three plase alternating current of output 380V is supplied with two id-motors, the separate unit power 132kW of id-motor (35); Five sides (146) output 385V of main transformer (134), 100kVA is used for the auxiliary circuit power supply; Driving concentrates in the controller of a car that suspends with the control circuit of the inverter of disk linear electric motors (71); The control of the inverter (142) of blower motor (41) and the inverter (145) of id-motor (35) is divided into two parts, the start and stop control button is in a car that suspends, rotating-speed control circuit is positioned at and respectively saves the compartment, carries out automatic guidance according to the signal of sensor acquisition; The principal parameter of main transformer in this circuit (134) and disk linear electric motors (71) is:
Main transformer is once: capacity 1624kVA voltage AC25000V
Secondary: capacity 1200kVA voltage AC1100V
Three times: capacity 60kVA voltage AC385V
Four times: capacity 264KVA voltage AC385V
Five times: capacity 100KVA voltage AC385V
Disk linear electric motors capacity: 300kW
Three-phase alternating voltage: 2000V
Frequency of operation: 0～140Hz
CNB2005100918048A 2004-09-03 2005-08-12 High-speed railway Expired - Fee Related CN100415563C (en)

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