CN100412408C - 具有高阻尼能力的吸收剂覆盖物 - Google Patents

具有高阻尼能力的吸收剂覆盖物 Download PDF

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CN100412408C
CN100412408C CNB2005800150313A CN200580015031A CN100412408C CN 100412408 C CN100412408 C CN 100412408C CN B2005800150313 A CNB2005800150313 A CN B2005800150313A CN 200580015031 A CN200580015031 A CN 200580015031A CN 100412408 C CN100412408 C CN 100412408C
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T·曼弗雷多蒂
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Kong Kezhishengji
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F1/00—Springs
    • F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
    • F16F1/373—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers characterised by having a particular shape
    • F16F1/376—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers characterised by having a particular shape having projections, studs, serrations or the like on at least one surface
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    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
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    • B64C1/40—Sound or heat insulation, e.g. using insulation blankets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
    • F16F1/373—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers characterised by having a particular shape
    • F16F1/3737—Planar, e.g. in sheet form
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
    • F16F15/04—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
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    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种具有高阻尼能力的吸收剂覆盖物，覆盖物固定在结构(20)上且提供有弹性材料(4)的吸收剂层(10)。显著地，所述吸收剂层(10)包括设置在弹性材料(4)中且由多个消能器件(1)和节点(2)组成的消能器网，该消能器件有利地是椭圆形。

Description

具有高阻尼能力的吸收剂覆盖物
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有高阻尼能力的吸收剂覆盖物，使得有可能降低甚至消除由例如振动或冲击产生的结构的动态变形。
本发明的吸收剂覆盖物更尤其较佳地用于安装在旋翼飞机板上。特别是当安装在机舱壁面时，吸收剂覆盖物削弱壁面的动态变形以增加壁面的寿命并减少机舱噪音。
当然，本发明并不受限于该特定应用且其可用在任何其它需要降低本体动态变形的应用。给定其设计，其可能可选地构想将吸收剂覆盖物放置在例如洗衣机壁面上，这种家用电器易于受到高度振动。
背景技术
第一个已知系统包括放置在结构中的弹性体板。于是弹性体的阻尼能力降低结构的动态变形，不考虑结构机械受压的方式，弹性体尤其用作驱散热能。
然而，第一系统的效果受到限制，因为，结果，结构的振动仅降低了弹性体中少量的运动。因此在弹性体盘中驱散的能量的总量很少。
为了改进第一系统，实践中通常使用第二系统。第二系统包括粘压弹性体，即，具有先前绑在金属支撑件上的顶部的弹性体盘。然后弹性体盘的底部，远离顶部，固定在结构上。
在动态变形时，例如由振动产生的结构的弯曲，顶面由金属支撑件保持。另外的边界条件降低了弹性体内较前述的结构大的内部压力状态。因此，弹性体盘内驱散的振动能量总量减少。
第二系统实际上比第一系统更有效。然而，对于要求驱散大量振动能量的应用，还是不够的。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提出一种吸收剂覆盖物，其能使相当量的阻尼施加到结构的动态变形上。
根据本发明，具有高阻尼能力且固定在结构上的吸收剂覆盖物提供有弹性材料的吸收剂层，尤其是弹性体。显著地，吸收剂层包括设置在弹性材料中且由多个消能器件和节点组成的消能器网。此外，且较佳地，节点的底端从弹性材料伸出。因此所述吸收剂层从结构隔开，吸收剂层通过节点单独地固定在结构上。
当网以及从而还有节点和消能器件，作为单片从单块可变形材料如塑料上加工或制模而成时，消能器网的工业生产就容易多了。
这样，结构的动态变形引起节点的差动移动。然后消能器件受压，具有改变其形状的效果。
这样，大量的能量在吸收剂层中耗散，因为弹性材料首先由于由保持消能器件离开结构的节点引起的杠杆臂效应变形，其次通过消能器件分担由节点通过弹性材料传递的压力而通过几何效应放大。为了优化这种放大，至少一个消能器件有利的是椭圆形，同时各椭圆形连接到位于椭圆外围和其主轴线之间的交叉点的两节点上。
以显著的方式，并为了使得便于在覆盖物上安装吸收剂覆盖物，各节点底端的底面，即将与结构接触的面，较佳地覆盖在自粘合材料中。
此外，在本发明中，弹性材料包括多个凹部以使其尽可能有效的作用。那么这些凹部使其可能显著地降低吸收剂覆盖物的重量。
此外，为了优化耗散效果，弹性材料和消能器件较佳地具有相同高度。
在第一实施例中，消能器网呈现重复的方形图案，即一种呈现四个节点和五个消能器件的图案。
在第二实施例中，消能器网呈现重复的提供有三个节点和三个消能器件的三角形图案。
在本发明的变型中，吸收剂覆盖物为粘性受压。因此其包括刚性垫板，从而吸收剂层设置在刚性垫板和结构之间。
在该结构中，吸收剂覆盖物更有利地提供有设置在刚性垫板和吸收剂层之间的弹性垫板。
附图说明
本发明及其优点将从以下通过描述和参照附图所给的实施例的说明中显现出来，其中：
图1是提供有消能器网的吸收剂层的平面图；
图2是提供有本发明吸收剂层的结构的侧视图；
图3是椭圆形消能器件的视图；
图4是第一实施例中消能器网的平面图；
图5是第二实施例中消能器网的平面图；
图6是本发明的不同的吸收剂覆盖物的侧视图。
具体实施方式
出现在多个不同图中的元件各给予相同的标号。
图1示出了弹性材料4、较佳地为弹性体制成的吸收剂层10，提供有可变形材料，例如塑料材料制成的消能器网。
该网由多个节点2和消能器件1组成。通过示例，消能器件由椭圆形组成，但它们可根据要求具有任何其它形状(条形、菱形、…)，且不超出本发明的范围。
此外，多个凹部3分布在整个弹性材料4上。
参照图2，吸收剂层10固定在结构20上。
为此，每个节点2的端部2′从弹性材料4伸出。因而位于弹性材料4外部的其底面F例如通过粘合绑在结构20上，以保持弹性材料4远离结构20。
为了便于绑定，以及此后的装配，各端部2′的底面F覆盖在自粘合材料内。
可观察到，将吸收剂层10固定到结构20上特别容易。因此，其可安装在任何类型的存在的壁面上，例如旋翼飞机机舱的天花板，而不需要很多额外的费用。
此外，消能器件1和弹性材料4具有相同高度h，该高度相对矮。因此吸收剂层10紧凑，由此使得其安装在甚至当结构为狭窄空间时的结构上。
另外，从功能的观点，当结构20在振动影响下变形，不考虑压力施加的方式(牵引、弯曲、…)，节点2移动，由此将运动传递给弹性材料4。由于在弹性材料4和结构20之间存在的距离，因而该运动通过杠杆臂效应被扩大。
此外，节点2移动的影响是改变消能器件1的形状。如下所述，其是通过将椭圆形消能器件1缩短和加长以使弹性材料4受到放大的变形。
因此消能器件1和节点2的结合效果给予吸收剂层10以高的阻尼能力，其能够使结构20的任何动态变形被大大减弱。
图3为连接到两节点A和B的椭圆形消能器件1的视图。这些节点A和B位于椭圆外围和其主轴线11之间的交叉点。
这样，优化了本发明覆盖物的效果。通过使用椭圆形，沿着长轴11方向上的少量缩短引起沿着短轴12方向上相当量的加长。因此，沿着其长轴11施加在椭圆上的相对小的压力被相当地放大了，引起沿着其短轴12的相当大的变形。这种效果，通过大量消能器网中的椭圆被加倍了，给予本发明覆盖物以高的阻尼能力。
图4示出了第一实施例。这时消能器网包括重复的方形图案。
该方形图案包括相应地组成方形的角和边的四个节点2和四个消能器件1。此外，第五消能器件沿着方形的一对角线设置。
图5示出了第二实施例，在该实施例中，消能器网的重复图案是三角形。这时三个节点和三个消能器件1相应地表示三角形的角和边。
根据施加在结构上的压力水平，一个或其它实施例是优选的。
图6示出了本发明的变型。
为了对弹性材料4施加粘性压力，吸收剂覆盖物包括刚性的垫板30。
此外，为了为吸收剂层中的节点2的移动留下最大的范围，在刚性垫板30和吸收剂层10之间设置弹性垫板40。
当然，本发明的实施可有无数的变化。尽管以上描述了几个实施例，很容易理解其不可能穷尽性地确定所有可能的实施例。当然可能设想用同等的装置替代所描述的任何装置而不由此超出本发明的范围。

Claims (13)

1. 一种具有高阻尼能力的吸收剂覆盖物，所述覆盖物固定在一结构(20)上并且提供有弹性材料(4)的吸收剂层(10)，其中，所述吸收剂层(10)包括设置在所述弹性材料(4)中且由多个消能器件(1)和节点(2)构成的消能器网，所述节点的底端(2′)从所述吸收剂层(10)伸出，以使所述吸收剂层与所述结构(20)隔开，所述吸收剂层仅通过所述节点(2)固定在所述结构上。
2. 如权利要求1所述的覆盖物，其特征在于，所述底端(2′)具有覆盖在自粘合材料中的底面(F)。
3. 如权利要求1所述的覆盖物，其特征在于，所述弹性材料(4)由弹性体制成。
4. 如权利要求1所述的覆盖物，其特征在于，所述弹性材料(4)还包括多个凹部(3)。
5. 如权利要求1所述的覆盖物，其特征在于，所述消能器网具有重复的方形图案。
6. 如权利要求1所述的覆盖物，其特征在于，所述消能器网具有重复的三角形图案。
7. 如权利要求1所述的覆盖物，其特征在于，至少一个消能器件(1)为椭圆形。
8. 如权利要求7所述的覆盖物，其特征在于，所述椭圆形连接到位于椭圆外围和其长轴(11)之间的交叉点的两节点(2)上。
9. 如权利要求1所述的覆盖物，其特征在于，包括刚性垫板(30)，以使所述吸收剂层(10)设置在所述结构(20)和所述刚性垫板(30)之间。
10. 如权利要求9所述的覆盖物，其特征在于，包括设置在所述刚性垫板(30)和所述吸收剂层(10)之间的弹性垫板(40)。
11. 如权利要求1所述的覆盖物，其特征在于，所述弹性材料(4)与所述消能器件(1)具有相同的高度(h)。
12. 如权利要求1所述的覆盖物，其特征在于，所述消能器网从单块可变形材料作为单片加工而成。
13. 如权利要求1所述的覆盖物，其特征在于，所述消能器网通过模制一块可变形材料得到。
CNB2005800150313A 2004-05-13 2005-05-10 具有高阻尼能力的吸收剂覆盖物 Expired - Fee Related CN100412408C (zh)

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DE (1) DE602005022179D1 (zh)
FR (1) FR2870308B1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2005121596A1 (zh)

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CN102454745B (zh) * 2010-10-26 2014-05-28 尤洛考普特公司 具有质量放大的绝缘涂层

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DE602005022179D1 (de) 2010-08-19
US20060246257A1 (en) 2006-11-02
WO2005121596A1 (fr) 2005-12-22
EP1745223B1 (fr) 2010-07-07
JP2007537409A (ja) 2007-12-20
JP4629099B2 (ja) 2011-02-09
US7553533B2 (en) 2009-06-30
CN1950625A (zh) 2007-04-18
FR2870308B1 (fr) 2006-07-21
EP1745223A1 (fr) 2007-01-24
FR2870308A1 (fr) 2005-11-18

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