CN100375599C - Premix material of anti heat stress for milk cow and preparation method - Google Patents
Premix material of anti heat stress for milk cow and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100375599C CN100375599C CNB2004100993006A CN200410099300A CN100375599C CN 100375599 C CN100375599 C CN 100375599C CN B2004100993006 A CNB2004100993006 A CN B2004100993006A CN 200410099300 A CN200410099300 A CN 200410099300A CN 100375599 C CN100375599 C CN 100375599C
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
The present invention discloses heat stress resistant premixed fodder for a milk cow and a preparation method thereof, which comprises the following components: 0.025 part of vitamin A, 0.0063 part of vitamin D3, 0.06 part of vitamin E, 0.0125 part of nicotinic acid, 0.8963 part of organic carriers, 0.143 part of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 0.118 part of manganese sulphate, 0.150 part of cupric sulfate, 0.500 part of zinc sulphate, 0.225 part of potassium iodide, 0.125 part of sodium selenite, 0.050 part of cobalt chloride, 10.819 parts of inorganic carriers, 4.545 to 6.363 parts of potassium carbonate, 4.545 to 6.363 parts of potassium chloride, 1.922 to 3.846 parts of magnesium oxide, 18.182 to 30.300 parts of calcium hydrogenphosphate dihydrate, 0 to 16.249 parts of fat powder, 8.000 parts of light calcium carbonate, 10.000 to 15.793 parts of ground limestone, 8.000 parts of sodium bicarbonate and 10.000 parts of table salt. A product of the present invention can maintain the blood electrolyte balance of a milk cow, give appetite, raise dry substance food consumption and a milk yield, raise the heat stress resistant capability of the milk cow, enhance the disease resistance and the adaptability of the milk cow, satisfy the deficiency of energy and protein ingestion caused by lowered food consumption, and guarantee the nutritional requirement of the milk cow.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of milk cow premix compound and preparation method thereof, particularly a kind of premix material of anti heat stress for milk cow is promptly at milk cow physiological stress under the summer high temperature super-humid conditions.
Background technology
Any animal all has the temperature condition of suitable existence, and this temperature range is called pines for warm area.The warm area of pining for of milk cow is approximately 5-20 ℃, when the thermic load of bearing when milk cow exceeds the heat-sinking capability of himself, heat stress just takes place.Heat stress is relevant with temperature, and is closely related with air humidity, and environment temperature constitutes comfort index (THI) with existing humidity is combined.When THI surpasses 72, be considered to surmount the critical point that heat stress takes place usually.
During cow heat stress, can cause 1) the respiratory rate quickening; 2) discharge a large amount of sweat; 3) amount of drinking water increases; 4) feed intake reduces; 5) slow down the interior accretion rate of body.Milk cow comes release heat by these self regulative mode or reduces the generation of heat, to keep the constant of body temperature.
In summer, China's southern area hot and humid environment causes the serious heat stress of milk cow, and dry matter intake, the output of milk are sharply descended, and also influences milk cow function of immune system and reproductive performance, also can cause the death of milk cow when serious.Simultaneously, cause the calving in winter of most of milk cow to give milk, summer dry milk custom, cause the serious imbalance of summer in winter milk-supply.
Mainly contain two kinds of approach at present and reduce the heat stress of milk cows in summer: the one, by fan, spray or build physical method cooling such as shade: the 2nd, replenish milk cow because of breathing the electrolyte of perspire loss.Heat stress can influence the mineral metabolism balance of milk cow, and under the heat stress condition, milk cow increases the requirement of sodium ion and potassium ion, because the amount of sodium, potassium ion of at this time discharging from sweat, saliva and urine has increased (Beede etc., 1986) greatly.Potassium ion is the main cation of sweat, and in summer, the potassium ion quantity of losing from sweat is very big, and the absorption of calcium, phosphorus and potassium ion reduces (Kume etc., 1991).Therefore, help to stablize the output of milk under the heat stress condition by the mineral element content that increases in the daily ration, the addition of sodium ion is brought up to 0.55% from 0.18% has increased feed intake, has improved the output of milk (Schneider etc., 1986) simultaneously.On the other hand, if strengthen replenishing of trace element and vitamin, fully improve the milk cow anti-stress ability, thereby improve its production performance and health status.
China present stage, result of use was not very desirable, can not reduce the influence of environment to milk cow to the full extent at the premix of anti heat stress for milk cow aspect, thereby caused that milk cow production performance can not give full play to, and had reduced the pasture economic benefit.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is provides a kind of premix material of anti heat stress for milk cow in order to overcome the defective of prior art.This premix material of anti heat stress for milk cow comprises following component:
Vitamin and carrier thereof: 0.025 part of vitamin A, vitamin D
30.0063 0.8963 part of part, 0.06 part of vitamin E, 0.0125 part in nicotinic acid and organic carrier;
Trace element and carrier thereof: 10.819 parts of 0.143 part in ferrous sulfate, 0.118 part of manganese sulfate, 0.150 part in copper sulphate, 0.500 part in zinc sulfate, 0.225 part of KI, 0.125 part of sodium selenite, 0.050 part of cobalt chloride and inorganic carriers;
And macroelement composition: potash 4.545-6.363 part, potassium chloride 4.545-6.363 part, magnesia 1.922-3.846 part, 0.300 part of calcium monohydrogen phosphate 18.182-3, fatty powder 0-16.249 part, 8.000 parts of precipitated calcium carbonates, powdered whiting 10.000-15.793 part, 8.000 parts of sodium acid carbonates, 10.000 parts of salt; More than be weight portion.
Wherein, carrier is meant in the premix industry stable in properties commonly used, and is nontoxic to animal, is used for carrying above-mentioned various active principle, and not with the powder of above-mentioned active principle generation chemical reaction.
Described organic carrier is corn protein powder, wheat time powder, powdered rice hulls, wheat bran, rice bran, defatted rice bran, big dregs of beans, maize cob meal, wheat bran or soybean peel powder etc.Wherein preferred corn protein powder.
Described inorganic carrier is on zeolite powder, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, salt, the pottery, talcum powder, vermiculite power, silicate or silica etc.Preferred zeolite powder wherein.
Another object of the present invention provides the preparation method of premix material of anti heat stress for milk cow of the present invention, and it comprises that step is as follows:
1) the various compositions with vitamin and carrier thereof mix, and the various compositions of trace element and carrier thereof are also mixed;
2) two kinds of mixtures that again step 1) obtained and remaining macroelement composition are mixed must premix material of anti heat stress for milk cow of the present invention.
After like this vitamin in the premix and trace element being mixed separately again secondary mix, and the disposable mixing of all the components is compared, can reduce the loss of above-mentioned element as far as possible.
The main nutritive index of product of the present invention is as follows:
| Calcium % | 11-15 | Iron mg/kg | 375 |
| Phosphorus % | 3-5 | Copper mg/kg | 375 |
| Potassium % | 5-7 | Zinc mg/kg | 1750 |
| Magnesium % | 1-2 | Manganese mg/kg | 375 |
| Vitamin A IU/kg | 12500 | Cobalt mg/kg | 5 |
| Vitamin D IU/kg | 31250 | Iodine mg/kg | 22.5 |
| Vitamin E IU/kg | 300 | Selenium mg/kg | 12.5 |
| Nicotinic acid mg/kg | 125 |
Positive progressive effect of the present invention is: product of the present invention can be kept the cow blood electrolyte balance, regulates milk cow body fluid acid-base balance, prevents respiratory acidosis; Promote appetite, improve the dry matter intake and the output of milk; Improve the anti heat stress for milk cow ability, improve production performance, strengthen premunition and the adaptability of milk cow; Satisfy the energy, the albumen insufficiency of intake that descend and cause because of feed intake, guarantee the dairy cow nutrition needs.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
1) with vitamin A 0.025kg, vitamin D
30.0063kg, vitamin E 0.06kg, nicotinic acid 0.0125kg and corn protein powder 0.8963kg in mixer (the efficient mixer SLHSJ0.2 of double-shaft paddle formula that shepherd group in Jiangsu produces) mix according to a conventional method.
2) simultaneously with various trace elements and carrier thereof: ferrous sulfate 0.143kg, manganese sulfate 0.118kg, copper sulphate 0.150kg, zinc sulfate 0.500kg, KI 0.225kg, sodium selenite 0.125kg, cobalt chloride 0.050kg, zeolite powder 10.819kg mix in mixer (the efficient mixer SLHSJ2.0 of double-shaft paddle formula that shepherd group in Jiangsu produces) according to a conventional method.
3) again with step 1), 2) the two kinds of mixtures and the following macroelement composition that obtain: potash 6.249kg, potassium chloride 6.249kg, magnesia 3.125kg, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 19.000kg, fatty powder 16.249kg, precipitated calcium carbonate 8.000kg, powdered whiting 10.000kg, sodium acid carbonate 8.000kg, salt 10.000kg mix.
Embodiment 2
1) with vitamin A 0.025kg, vitamin D
30.0063kg, vitamin E 0.06kg, nicotinic acid 0.0125kg and corn protein powder 0.8963kg mix in mixer according to a conventional method.
2) with various trace elements and carrier thereof: ferrous sulfate 0.143kg, manganese sulfate 0.118kg, copper sulphate 0.150kg, zinc sulfate 0.500kg, KI 0.225kg, sodium selenite 0.125kg, cobalt chloride 0.050kg, zeolite powder 10.819kg mix in mixer according to a conventional method.
3) again with step 1), 2) the two kinds of mixtures and the following macroelement composition that obtain: potash 4.545kg, potassium chloride 4.545kg, magnesia 3.559kg, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 21.974kg, fatty powder 16.249kg, precipitated calcium carbonate 8.000kg, powdered whiting 10.000kg, sodium acid carbonate 8.000kg, salt 10.000kg mix.
Embodiment 3
1) with vitamin A 0.025kg, vitamin D
30.0063kg, vitamin E 0.06kg, nicotinic acid 0.0125kg and powdered rice hulls 0.8963kg mix in mixer according to a conventional method.
2) with various trace elements and carrier thereof: ferrous sulfate 0.143kg, manganese sulfate 0.118kg, copper sulphate 0.150kg, zinc sulfate 0.500kg, KI 0.225kg, sodium selenite 0.125kg, cobalt chloride 0.050kg, calcium carbonate 10.819kg mix in mixer according to a conventional method.
3) again with step 1), 2) the two kinds of mixtures and the following macroelement composition that obtain: potash 4.545kg, potassium chloride 6.363kg, magnesia 1.922kg, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 30.300kg, fatty powder 7.740kg, precipitated calcium carbonate 8.000kg, powdered whiting 10.000kg, sodium acid carbonate 8.000kg, salt 10.000kg mix.
Embodiment 4
1) with vitamin A 0.025kg, vitamin D
30.0063kg, vitamin E 0.06kg, nicotinic acid 0.0125kg and wheat time powder 0.8963kg mixes in mixer according to a conventional method.
2) with various trace elements and carrier thereof: ferrous sulfate 0.143kg, manganese sulfate 0.118kg, copper sulphate 0.150kg, zinc sulfate 0.500kg, KI 0.225kg, sodium selenite 0.125kg, Cobalt Chloride 0.050kg, silica 1 0.819kg mix in mixer according to a conventional method.
3) again with step 1), 2) the two kinds of mixtures and the following macroelement composition that obtain: potash 6.363kg, potassium chloride 4.545kg, magnesia 3.384kg, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 18.182kg, fatty powder 12.147kg, precipitated calcium carbonate 8.000kg, powdered whiting 15.793kg, sodium acid carbonate 8.000kg, salt 10.000kg mix.
Embodiment 5
1) with vitamin A 0.025kg, vitamin D
30.0063kg, vitamin E 0.06kg, nicotinic acid 0.0125kg and soybean peel powder 0.8963kg mix in mixer according to a conventional method.
2) with various trace elements and carrier thereof: ferrous sulfate 0.143kg, manganese sulfate 0.118kg, copper sulphate 0.150kg, zinc sulfate 0.500kg, KI 0.225kg, sodium selenite 0.125kg, Cobalt Chloride 0.050kg, talcum powder 10.819kg mix in mixer according to a conventional method.
3) again with step 1), 2) the two kinds of mixtures and the following macroelement composition that obtain: potash 6.363kg, potassium chloride 5.030kg, magnesia 3.384kg, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 30.300kg, precipitated calcium carbonate 8.000kg, powdered whiting 15.793kg, sodium acid carbonate 8.000kg, salt 10.000kg mix.
Raw material in the foregoing description is commercially available feed grade product, the mixer of mixed vitamin and carrier thereof is the efficient mixer SLHSJ0.2 of the double-shaft paddle formula type that Jiangsu shepherd group produces, and the mixer of mixed trace elements and carrier thereof is the efficient mixer SLHSJ2.0 of the double-shaft paddle formula type that Jiangsu shepherd group produces.
Effect embodiment 1
Lactation mid-term is selected in the 9th pasture in Shanghai, and 20 of the close china holstein cowses of output are divided into two groups at random after the pairing, be respectively control group and test group, 10 every group.
Using method: the use amount 800 gram/heads of premix material of anti heat stress for milk cow. die young, the premix material of anti heat stress for milk cow that embodiment 1 is made evenly mixes with commercially available cow concentrate, feeding experiment group immediately after water is mixed.While control group fed basal diet.Every day, early, middle and late branch added in the hopper when feeding for three times.Test group and control group milk cow situation such as table 1.
Table 1 test group and control group milk cow situation
| Number | Average product (kg/d) | Average parity | Average lactation fate | |
| The test group control group | 10 10 | 29.6 29.6 | 29 2.8 | 100 108 |
Every of duration of test was measured an output of milk in per three days, and the mean value of getting the data that every cow head whole test phase measured during statistics is the output of milk of experimental period.The data classification is added up, and carries out paired t-test, and total instrumentation output of milk is 8 times in this test, and measurement result is as shown in table 2.
Table 2 duration of test milk cow average product statistics (kg/d)
| The determination of yield number of times | ||||||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | On average | The P value | |
| The control group test group | 22.2±5.8 23.7±4.5 | 214±4.3 23.5±3.5 | 20.8±4.4 23.0±4.3 | 21.9±4.6 24.8±3.9 | 22.1±4.5 24.7±4.3 | 24.1±4.8 25.7±5.9 | 24.8±5.1 25.9±5.9 | 22.9±5.4 24.7±5.3 | 22.5±1.3 24.5±1.0 | < 0.05 |
From result of the test, during whole test, test group reduces decline 2kg than the average output of milk of control group, and difference is (p＜0.05) obviously.From above-mentioned data as can be seen, at the last fortnight of test, because continuous high temperature, the control group output of milk descends rapidly, and test group output of milk decline scope is significantly less than control group.This shows that premix material of anti heat stress obviously reduces the amplitude that the milk production of cow under the heat stress condition reduces.
Effect embodiment 2
Lactation early stage (in 90 days) is selected in bright new cow head field, pond in Shenzhen, 20 of the close Chinese He Sitan the first-born milk cows of output, and (be respectively control group and test group, 10 every group, two groups of milk cow average products are 25.2kg/d to be divided into two groups after the pairing at random.Raise 3 days phases in advance, just trying 45 days phases, the milk cow bolt is that formula is fed, and feeds for three times every day, freely drinks water, and every day, secondary was milked.
Control group is identical with the test group basal diet.Test group is added the premix material of anti heat stress 800g that embodiment 2 makes every day, earlier the mixed concentrate in the test group basal diet is reserved a part when feeding, mix with premix material of anti heat stress, early, middle and late branch three times every day special messenger when feeding feeds and record data.
The every two weeks of the every cow head of duration of test is measured an output of milk, and the mean value of getting the data that every ox whole test phase measured during statistics is the output of milk of experimental period.The data classification is added up, and carries out the t check.Total instrumentation output is 4 times in this test, and measurement result is as shown in table 3.
The output statistics of table 3 duration of test milk cow
| Group | Average product (kg/d) | |||||
| Before the test | For the first time | For the second time | For the third time | On average | P | |
| The control group test group | 25.2 25.2 | 22.7 24.5 | 21.5 23.8 | 20.7 23.5 | 21.6 23.9 | P<0.05 |
From result of the test, during the whole test, test group reduces decline 2.3kg, significant difference (p＜0.05) than the average output of milk of control group.From above-mentioned data as can be seen, preceding 10 big in test, because temperature raises rapidly, the test group and the control group output of milk also descend rapidly, but the output of milk of control group is lower always subsequently, and the test group output of milk increases to some extent, until off-test is all keeping higher, the stable output of milk, and the output of milk of test group is higher than control group (23.5VS20.7kg/d) significantly when off-test.This shows that premix material of anti heat stress significantly improves the production performance that is in the milk cow under the heat stress condition.
Claims (6)
1. premix material of anti heat stress for milk cow, it comprises following component:
Vitamin and carrier thereof: 0.8963 part of 0.025 part of vitamin A, 0.0063 part of cholecalciferol, 0.06 part of vitamin E, 0.0125 part in nicotinic acid and organic carrier;
Trace element and carrier thereof: 10.819 parts of 0.143 part in ferrous sulfate, 0.118 part of manganese sulfate, 0.150 part in copper sulphate, 0.500 part in zinc sulfate, 0.225 part of KI, 0.125 part of sodium selenite, 0.050 part of cobalt chloride and inorganic carriers;
And macroelement composition: 10.000 parts of potash 4.545-6.363 part, potassium chloride 4.545-6.363 part, magnesia 1.922-3.846 part, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 18.182-30.300 part, fatty powder 0-16.249 part, 8.000 parts of precipitated calcium carbonates, powdered whiting 10.000-15.793 part, 8.000 parts of Sodium bicarbonates and salt;
More than be weight portion.
2. premix material of anti heat stress for milk cow according to claim 1 is characterized in that described organic carrier is corn protein powder, wheat time powder, powdered rice hulls, rice bran, defatted rice bran, big dregs of beans, maize cob meal, wheat bran or soybean peel powder.
3. premix material of anti heat stress for milk cow according to claim 2 is characterized in that described organic carrier is a corn protein powder.
4. premix material of anti heat stress for milk cow according to claim 1 is characterized in that described inorganic carrier is zeolite powder, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, salt, potter's clay, talcum powder, vermiculite power, silicate or silica.
5. premix material of anti heat stress for milk cow according to claim 4 is characterized in that described inorganic carrier is a zeolite powder.
6. the preparation method of the described premix material of anti heat stress for milk cow of claim 1, it comprises the steps:
1) the various compositions with vitamin and carrier thereof mix, and the various compositions of trace element and carrier thereof are also mixed;
2) the mixed premix material of anti heat stress for milk cow that gets of two kinds of mixtures that again step 1) obtained and remaining macroelement composition.
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| CN100375599C true CN100375599C (en) | 2008-03-19 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101606591B (en) * | 2008-06-18 | 2011-07-27 | 上海市奶牛研究所 | Premix compound special for organic cows |
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| CN101731481B (en) * | 2010-02-01 | 2012-09-26 | 河北农业大学 | Milk cow premix and preparation method thereof |
| CN102550849B (en) * | 2010-12-14 | 2013-11-13 | 内蒙古伊利实业集团股份有限公司 | Functional milk cow feed additive capable of resisting heat stress and improving milk quality |
| CN104171685B (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2017-02-08 | 正大预混料（天津）有限公司 | Concentrate supplement for dairy cows in perinatal later period and preparation method thereof |
| CN105795100A (en) * | 2014-12-27 | 2016-07-27 | 夏科 | Heat stress resistant premix for dairy cow |
| CN106804918A (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2017-06-09 | 黑龙江八农垦大学 | A kind of preparation of drylot feeding beef cattle perinatal care additive and its application method |
| CN108143744A (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2018-06-12 | 浙江师范大学 | A kind of low-temperature resistance stress protective agent for amphibian animal artificial hibernation |
| CN115024405B (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2024-02-27 | 保定冀中生物科技有限公司 | Rumen bypass compound premix capable of effectively relieving heat stress of dairy cows, production equipment and clinical application thereof |
| CN115212248A (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2022-10-21 | 佛山市南海东方澳龙制药有限公司 | Composition for animals with heat stress resistance and preparation method thereof |
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