CN100372463C - Method for preparing water aqua for coutrolling cucumber downy mildew using tomato stem-leaf extract - Google Patents
Method for preparing water aqua for coutrolling cucumber downy mildew using tomato stem-leaf extract Download PDFInfo
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- CN100372463C CN100372463C CNB200510111018XA CN200510111018A CN100372463C CN 100372463 C CN100372463 C CN 100372463C CN B200510111018X A CNB200510111018X A CN B200510111018XA CN 200510111018 A CN200510111018 A CN 200510111018A CN 100372463 C CN100372463 C CN 100372463C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for preparing a water aqua for controlling cucumber downy mildew by using a tomato stem-leaf extract, which belongs to the technical field of pesticides. The water aqua comprises the components of 0.1 to 3 wt% of tomato stem-leaf extract and water as the rest. The method comprises the following steps that (1) ethanol with the weight of 5 to 20 times of that of tomato stem-leaf powder is added into the fresh tomato stem-leaves to be used as a solvent for extraction after the fresh tomato stem-leaves are collected, dried and pulverized; an ethanol crude extracting solution of the tomato stem-leaves is obtained after impregnation and extraction; (2) the crude extracting solution is concentrated into a paste form by the method of decompressed concentration, and a leaching paste of the tomato stem-leaves is obtained; (3) distilled water with the volume of 2.5 times of the mass of the tomato stem-leaves is added into the leaching paste of the tomato stem-leaves; the mixture is put in an ultrasonic generator to suspend dried matter; then, petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and normal butyl alcohol with the same volume are orderly used for extraction. Because the tomato stem-leaves with wide distribution, rich resources and easy manual cultivation are used as the raw materials, the present invention has the advantages of simple technology and no need of special devices; besides, the reclaimed solvent can be reused. The water aqua has obvious prevention effect on cucumber downy mildew.
Description
Technical field
That the present invention relates to is a kind of preparation method of technical field of pesticide, is a kind of method for preparing control cucumber downy mildew aqua with tomato stem-leaf extract.
Background technology
Cucumber downy mildew is to perplex the especially important fungal disease of facility cultivation of cucumber cultivation in recent years, it is a kind of worldwide disease, all there is generation China various places, under suitable onset condition, epidemic rate is very fast, can make other all blades except that the tender leaf of top withered in two weeks, the underproduction is up to 30%-50%.At present such disease of control is generally used chemical pesticide, and chemical pesticide is to environment, harm that human health caused, and has been become common recognition by problems such as controlling object easily develop immunity to drugs.The goal of the invention of this patent promptly utilizes the aqua of Nantural non-toxic plant tomato stem-leaf extract preparation to control the generation of this disease.Be to reduce the use of chemical pesticide, produce green or organic vegetable provides technical basis.Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) belongs to plant of Solanaceae, and wide geographic area is all planted in China, aboundresources; Found that at present tomato stem-leaf contains multiple volatile ingredient, mostly be ester type compound and nitrogen-containing compound, also has multiple alcohol, alkene, ketone in addition, with ketene material, methyln nonyl ketone wherein, methyl n-undecyl ketone and gaultherolin tool insecticidal action, and it is less to the research of the active component of tomato stem-leaf extract tool bacteriostasis, its cauline leaf is wasted as agricultural wastes always, and the present invention can make full use of tomato plant, is used to control cucumber downy mildew.
Through the prior art literature search is found, Liu Rong its patent (patent No. CN02113257.7) " a kind of botanical fungicide that is used for controlling plant diseases and preparation method thereof " of being everlasting is mentioned a kind of green plants bactericide of being made up of thunder godvine, stone-like omphalia, ginger, garlic, Anemone Vitifolia, to cucumber downy mildew, powdery mildew has the better prevention effect, its main effective constituent is a wilfordine second, also contain garlic antibiotic 402, matrine etc. in addition, relative cost is higher.Yang Congjun etc. are at " plant protection " (the 31st volume; the 1st phase) is entitled as in the article of " tomato stem-leaf extract is to the biologically active Primary Study of 8 plant species pathogens " and reported tomato stem-leaf extract; to the fruit white rot of grape bacterium; the anthracnose of grape bacterium; Valsa mali, ring rot of apple bacterium, alternaria leaf spot of apple bacterium; cotton-wilt fusarium, cucurbits fusarium wilt bacterium and tomato early blight bacterium all have fabulous inhibitory action.But also there is not tomato stem-leaf extract to be used to prevent and treat the research report of cucumber downy mildew at present.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at above shortcomings in the prior art, a kind of method for preparing control cucumber downy mildew aqua with tomato extract is provided, make it have higher preventive effect to cucumber downy mildew, can be directly used in this disease of control, and have nuisanceless, pollution-free and do not have the characteristics of residual hazard, avoided the harm of chemical pesticide.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, and described control cucumber downy mildew aqua weight percentages of components is: tomato stem-leaf extract 0.1-3%, and surplus is a water, method step is as follows:
(1) gather the fresh cauline leaf of tomato, after 30 ℃ of following dried and crushed, add 5-20 doubly to the ethanol of the 25%-100% of tomato stem-leaf powder weight as solvent extraction, dipping extracts 2-4 time at ambient temperature, obtains the tomato stem-leaf ethanol crude extract.
(2) with the method for crude extract, it is concentrated into paste, gets tomato stem-leaf medicinal extract with concentrating under reduced pressure.
(3) add 2.5 times in the tomato stem-leaf medicinal extract to the distilled water of tomato stem-leaf powder quality, place supersonic generator that dry matter is suspended then; Respectively extract 5 times with isopyknic benzinum, ethyl acetate, n-butanol successively again; Wherein butanol extraction liquid is evaporated to driedly, promptly gets tomato stem-leaf extract, gets aqua with deionized water or dissolved in distilled water.
Described pulverizing is meant with medicinal herb grinder and is ground into 10-50 purpose plant powder.
Described dipping extracts and is meant that the solidliquid mixture with tomato stem-leaf powder and ethanol places under 25 ℃ of conditions, leaves standstill 24 hours after fully stirring, and extracts.
Described concentrating under reduced pressure is meant crude extract is vacuumized-0.1 atmospheric pressure that reduces pressure, and places 30-60 ℃ of following water-bath, and crude extract is concentrated.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage: this biocide preparation derives from the stem-leaf extract of cultivated plant, utilizes its water-soluble characteristics.Be mixed with aqua, so environmentally safe to people, animal safety, is a kind of pollution-free plant source biological bactericide; This sterilization aqua is that wide to distribute, resourceful tomato stem-leaf is a raw material, is easy to artificial cultivation, and extraction process is simple, need not special instrument, and the solvent after the recovery also can reuse; Said preparation has fabulous preventive effect to cucumber downy mildew.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment:
Embodiment 1:
Control cucumber downy mildew aqua percentage by weight: tomato stem-leaf extract 0.1%, distilled water 99.9%.
Take by weighing tomato stem-leaf powder (20 order particle) 40g, extract 2 times with 25% pure 200ml room temperature dipping, each 24 hours, concentrating under reduced pressure reclaimed solvent and gets dry matter 3.6g; Utilize ultrasonic, with 100ml water dry matter is suspended, equal-volume benzinum, ethyl acetate, n-butanol respectively extract 5 times successively, n-butyl alcohol phase extract concentrates, obtain extract 0.5g, filter, be mixed with concentration and be 0.1% aqua with 100ml deionized water dissolving extract; Adopt the leaf disc floating method that cucumber downy mildew is carried out indoor prophylactic tria, the preventive effect of cucumber downy mildew is reached 96.0%.
Embodiment 2:
Control cucumber downy mildew aqua percentage by weight: tomato stem-leaf extract 1%, distilled water 99%.
Take by weighing tomato stem-leaf powder (20 order particle) 40g, extract 3 times with 75% pure 400ml room temperature dipping, each 24 hours, concentrating under reduced pressure reclaimed solvent and gets dry matter 4.3g; Utilize ultrasonic, with 100ml water dry matter is suspended, equal-volume benzinum, ethyl acetate, n-butanol respectively extract 5 times successively, after concentrating, n-butyl alcohol phase extract gets extract 0.6g, with 50ml dissolved in distilled water extract, filter, be mixed with concentration and be 1% aqua; Adopt indoor pot experiment that cucumber downy mildew is carried out prophylactic tria, its preventive effect reaches 51.4%.
Embodiment 3:
Control cucumber downy mildew aqua percentage by weight: tomato stem-leaf extract 3%, deionized water 97%.
Take by weighing tomato stem-leaf powder (20 order particle) 200g, extract 4 times with absolute ethyl alcohol 4000ml room temperature dipping, each 24 hours, concentrating under reduced pressure reclaimed solvent and gets dry matter 16.6g; Utilize ultrasonic, with 500ml water dry matter is suspended, equal-volume benzinum, ethyl acetate, n-butanol respectively extract 5 times successively, n-butyl alcohol phase extract obtains extract 2.2g after concentrating, with 50ml deionized water dissolving extract, filter, be mixed with concentration and be 3% aqua; Adopt field plot trial that cucumber downy mildew is carried out prophylactic tria, its preventive effect reaches 48.88%.This control efficiency and blank (spraying water) relatively are remarkable difference.
Claims (6)
1. one kind prepares the method for control cucumber downy mildew aqua with tomato stem-leaf extract, it is characterized in that described control cucumber downy mildew aqua weight percentages of components is: tomato stem-leaf extract 0.1-3%, and surplus is a water, step is as follows:
(1) gather the fresh cauline leaf of tomato, add after the dried and crushed 5-20 doubly to the ethanol of tomato stem-leaf powder weight as solvent extraction, dipping obtains the tomato stem-leaf ethanol crude extract after extracting;
(2) with the method for crude extract, it is concentrated into paste, gets tomato stem-leaf medicinal extract with concentrating under reduced pressure;
(3) add 2.5 times in the tomato stem-leaf medicinal extract to the distilled water of tomato stem-leaf powder quality, place supersonic generator that dry matter is suspended then; Use isopyknic benzinum, ethyl acetate, extracting n-butyl alcohol more successively, wherein butanol extraction liquid is evaporated to driedly, promptly gets tomato stem-leaf extract, gets aqua with deionized water or dissolved in distilled water.
2. the method for preparing control cucumber downy mildew aqua with tomato stem-leaf extract according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the described step (1), the fresh cauline leaf of tomato after 30 ℃ of following dried and crushed, add 5-20 doubly to the ethanol of the 25%-100% of tomato stem-leaf powder weight as solvent extraction, dipping extracts 2-4 time at ambient temperature, obtains the tomato stem-leaf ethanol crude extract.
3. describedly prepare the method for control cucumber downy mildew aqua according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that described pulverizing is meant with medicinal herb grinder and is ground into 10-50 purpose plant powder with tomato stem-leaf extract.
4. according to claim 1 or the 2 described methods that prepare control cucumber downy mildew aqua with tomato stem-leaf extract, it is characterized in that, described dipping extracts and is meant that the solidliquid mixture with tomato stem-leaf powder and ethanol places under 25 ℃ of conditions, leaves standstill 24 hours after fully stirring, and extracts.
5. the method for preparing control cucumber downy mildew aqua with tomato stem-leaf extract according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described concentrating under reduced pressure is meant crude extract is vacuumized-0.1 atmospheric pressure that reduces pressure, and places 30-60 ℃ of following water-bath, and crude extract is concentrated.
6. according to claim 1ly prepare the method for control cucumber downy mildew aqua, it is characterized in that, respectively extract 5 times with isopyknic benzinum, ethyl acetate, n-butanol successively with tomato stem-leaf extract.
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| CNB200510111018XA CN100372463C (en) | 2005-12-01 | 2005-12-01 | Method for preparing water aqua for coutrolling cucumber downy mildew using tomato stem-leaf extract |
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| CNB200510111018XA CN100372463C (en) | 2005-12-01 | 2005-12-01 | Method for preparing water aqua for coutrolling cucumber downy mildew using tomato stem-leaf extract |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101828578A (en) * | 2010-05-21 | 2010-09-15 | 华南农业大学 | Solanum torvum swartz extract, extraction method thereof and use thereof |
| CN102224831B (en) * | 2011-04-28 | 2013-01-09 | 上海交通大学 | Control method of tetranychus cinnabarinus based on tomato extracts |
| CN102511513B (en) * | 2011-11-25 | 2014-08-06 | 上海交通大学 | Compound plant bactericide, preparation thereof and application |
| CN104146013B (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2016-06-01 | 上海交通大学 | For preventing and treating botanical fungicide and its preparation method of cucumber downy mildew |
| CN110326630A (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2019-10-15 | 渭南职业技术学院 | A method of biological pesticide is prepared using tomato stem-leaf |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1357229A (en) * | 2000-12-13 | 2002-07-10 | 刘岱 | Application, production and processing of elsholtzia herb as natural plant pest and disease preventing and eliminating agent |
| CN1582659A (en) * | 2004-06-15 | 2005-02-23 | 江苏辉丰农化股份有限公司 | Bactericidal pesticide for preventing and treating cucumber downy mildew and anthracnose and application |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1357229A (en) * | 2000-12-13 | 2002-07-10 | 刘岱 | Application, production and processing of elsholtzia herb as natural plant pest and disease preventing and eliminating agent |
| CN1582659A (en) * | 2004-06-15 | 2005-02-23 | 江苏辉丰农化股份有限公司 | Bactericidal pesticide for preventing and treating cucumber downy mildew and anthracnose and application |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 番茄茎叶挥发性成分的提取与鉴定. 孙莹等.中国药物化学杂志，第11卷第5期. 2001 * |
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