CN100364409C - Preparation method and purpose of copper-carried silicate antimicrobial agent - Google Patents
Preparation method and purpose of copper-carried silicate antimicrobial agent Download PDFInfo
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- CN100364409C CN100364409C CNB2006100502446A CN200610050244A CN100364409C CN 100364409 C CN100364409 C CN 100364409C CN B2006100502446 A CNB2006100502446 A CN B2006100502446A CN 200610050244 A CN200610050244 A CN 200610050244A CN 100364409 C CN100364409 C CN 100364409C
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- copper
- antimicrobial agent
- shitosan
- ore pulp
- silicate antimicrobial
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- 239000004599 antimicrobial Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 11
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
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- 238000003381 deacetylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
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- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) nitrate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
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- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
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- 102000013142 Amylases Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010065511 Amylases Proteins 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002101 Chitin Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- QZDDFQLIQRYMBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3-nitro-2-(2-nitrophenyl)-4-oxochromen-8-yl]acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(C(C=2[N+]([O-])=O)=O)=C1OC=2C1=CC=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O QZDDFQLIQRYMBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a preparation method and purposes of a copper-carried silicate antimicrobial agent. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) making montmorillonite into sodium; (2) making montmorillonite load chitosan into sodium; 3) making montmorillonite chitosan compounds load copper; (4) drying and pulverizing filter cakes. The copper-carried silicate antimicrobial agent of the present invention can be used as a feed additive of poultry, aquatic creatures, cattle and sheep. The copper-carried silicate antimicrobial agent has the characteristics of strong antibacterial function, difficult drug resistance generation of bacteria, safe use, etc., and is capable of effectively suppressing the proliferation of creatural enteric pathogenic bacteria and protecting intestinal mucosa against the invasion of pathogenic bacteria; thus, the intestinal mucosa is always in a healthy state to help secrete digestive enzyme and digest feedstuff nutrient contents. The copper-carried silicate antimicrobial agent observably enhances creatural survival rate, reduces creatural diarrhea, enhances production performance, and is capable of replacing antibiotics and antibacterial drugs to produce creatural products without antibiotic residue and push the green process of livestock breeding industry.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method and purposes of copper-carried silicate antimicrobial agent.
Background technology
Exist various bacteriums in the animal alimentary canal, some can consume nutriment, and some then can produce toxin and bacterial enzyme, and the latter can directly or indirectly destroy the form and the function of intestinal mucosa, thereby reduces livestock and poultry feed efficient and growth performance.If enteric pathogenic bacteria quantity surpasses certain value, the lighter's indigestion, diarrhoea, intestines source property general infection may take place in weight person, even threat to life, and this makes that antibiotic and antibacterials are used in a large number in livestock-raising.And antibiotic a large amount of use, though played the promotion growth of animals or poultry to a certain extent, the effect of disease resistance.But use for a long time and abuse of antibiotics, cause such as resistance, drug resistant gene shift, adverse consequencess such as the animal product Chinese traditional medicine is residual, disturbed ecological balance, directly or indirectly threaten human health.In recent years, some countries and regions have been formulated corresponding law, rules, use antibiotic with strictness control or prevention in livestock and poultry cultivation.Therefore, the novel antibacterial material of research and development safety nuisance free is extremely urgent.
With the silicate compound is carrier, and load is held antibacterial metal ions or metal oxide and the inorganic antiseptic made, has has a broad antifungal spectrum, bacterium and is difficult for producing drug resistance, characteristics such as safe in utilization, has caused people's very big concern.At present, research in pottery, organic fiber, plastics, coating, food, medicine and other fields both at home and abroad all has report with application, but there is no wide popularization and application, main cause is the inorganic antibacterial material of being developed at present, its antibacterial activity is relatively low, can't be widely used in prevention and clinical treatment.Therefore, how improving the antibacterial activity of inorganic antibacterial material, is development and the key point of developing such antibacterial agent.
The inorganic antiseptic that generally uses mostly is Ag at present
+Type, Ag
+Various malignant bacterias are all had strong killing effect, and desired concn is extremely low, general consumption is 10
-6(mass fraction) can sterilize.But product cost height, and Ag
+Very easily be reduced into argent under light, the heating condition seeing; Ag
+Can also with the Cl in the aqueous medium
-, HS
-, S
2-And SO
4 2-Etc. multiple anionic reactive, form water-fast AgCl and Ag
2S, thus antibacterial activity lost.On the other hand, the inorganic compound of copper also is the inorganic fungicide of using always, as copper sulphate, Kocide SD etc.Compare with silver, copper is cheap, because its radius is little, electricity price is high, if it is stated from the inorganic material matrix, will have the stability higher than silver ion again, can overcome the shortcoming of silver-series antibacterial agent.And copper is the essential trace element of animal body, and copper has similar antibiotic effect, and adding high doses of copper in the diet has growth promoting function to pig.
Montmorillonite is a kind of natural nano level aluminium silicate mineral of dioctahedron layer structure, has good dispersiveness and cation exchange capacity (CEC), very is suitable for the carrier as various inorganic antiseptics.And; the surface texture of montmorillonite layer interband shape and heterogeneity distribution of charges make has good adsorption capacity to toxin of the virus in the digestive tract, pathogen and generation thereof etc.; montmorillonite is by discerning, combine, locate with mucus glycoprotein; can form the colloid diaphragm at digestive tract; strengthen, repair, protect the gastrointestinal mucosal barrier, improve the defense function of mucosal barrier attack factor.
Chitin is that natural world is only second to the second largest natural biological high polymer of cellulose, chemical name is (1,4)-and 2-acetamido-2-deoxidation-β-D-glucose, chemical constitution is the polysaccharide that is formed by connecting by β-1,4 glycosidic bond form by 2-acetamido-2-deoxidation-β-D-glucose.It is shitosan (2-amino-2-deoxidation-callose) that chitin is separated the deacetylation afterproduct through strong lye.Shitosan has the unique biological activity, can regulate the animal body immunity, and stronger antibacterial activity is arranged, and can regulate animal body inner cholesterol and lipid-metabolism.Shitosan has been applied to agricultural, industry and medicine and other fields as multiple functional materials such as feed addictive, heavy metal chelant, adsorbent, medicinal slow release agents.
Summary of the invention
The preparation method and the purposes that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of copper-carried silicate antimicrobial agent.
The preparation method of copper-carried silicate antimicrobial agent may further comprise the steps:
1),, adds water and stir together with the sodium chloride that is equivalent to mineral weight 5%～15% with montmorillonite mineral, make concentration and be 10%～20% suspension ore pulp, room temperature sodium 10～15 hours is washed 5～7 times, and it is 10%～20% ore pulp that water is made concentration again;
2) to be dissolved in volume fraction be in 1～5% the acetic acid or aqueous hydrochloric acid solution to the shitosan that will be equivalent to montmorillonite mineral weight 0.5%～5%, being made into the shitosan w/v is the shitosan acid solution of 0.1～5g/100mL, in stirring down the shitosan acid solution is slowly added in the ore pulp of step 1), continuous stirring reaction 5～10 hours, reaction temperature is 20 ℃～70 ℃;
3) with copper content be the mantoquita of montmorillonite mineral weight 1～6%, slowly add step 2 down in stirring) ore pulp in, the pH value that detects and regulate ore pulp is 3.5～6.5, room temperature reaction 5～10 hours;
4) the pH value of detection step 3) ore pulp is regulated with alkaline solution, and making slurry pH value is 7.0～8.5; Wash 3～7 times, filter or centrifugal dehydration;
5) filter cake of step 4) gained is dried, is crushed to 300 orders～500 orders, obtain a kind of copper-carried silicate antimicrobial agent.
The shitosan that uses in the invention is that 2～80kDa, deacetylation are 80～95% shitosan as molecular weight.The mantoquita that uses can be copper chloride, copper nitrate, copper sulphate or its hydrate.The alkaline solution that uses is the aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potash, sodium bicarbonate or the saleratus of 0.5～10moL/L as concentration.
Preparation method's slurries dewatering process can be suited measures to local conditions, and selects for use centrifugal or method such as filtration is dewatered.The filter cake of dehydration back gained can use conventional drying plant drying.A kind of copper-carried silicate antimicrobial agent after the oven dry is block, can select for use conventional breaking plant to be crushed to granularity greater than 300 orders.
Copper-carried silicate antimicrobial agent is as the feed addictive of livestock and poultry, aquatic livestock, cattle and sheep.
The present invention is by absorption, ion-exchange reactions, utilize montmorillonite chitosan complexes load copper, make copper～shitosan～montmorillonite complex antimicrobials, the material montmorillonite of use, shitosan are natural materials, belong to safe, nontoxic environment-friendly material, can not cause secondary pollution substantially.
The present invention's copper-carried silicate antimicrobial agent has characteristics such as antibacterial action is strong, bacterium is difficult for producing drug resistance, safe in utilization, in feed, use the propagation that can effectively suppress the animal intestinal pathogen as animal health agent and growth promoter, the protection intestinal mucosa is avoided the invasion and attack of pathogen, make intestinal mucosa be in health status all the time, with the secretion that benefits digestive ferment and the digestion of feed nutrient; Can improve immunity of organisms and premunition, reduction animal diarrhea rate, improve productivity; Alternative antibiotic and antibacterials are produced the residual animal product of antibiotic-free, promote the greenization process of aquaculture.
Concrete enforcement side
The present invention is further described in conjunction with following example.
Embodiment 1
1) montmorillonite mineral that is produced from the Anji, Zhejiang together with the sodium chloride that is equivalent to mineral weight 5%, adds water and stirs, and makes concentration and be 10% suspension ore pulp, and room temperature sodium 10 hours is washed 5 times, and it is 10% ore pulp that water is made concentration again;
2) molecular weight that will be equivalent to montmorillonite mineral weight 0.5% is that 2kDa, deacetylation are that to be dissolved in volume fraction be in 1% the aqueous acetic acid for 80% shitosan, being made into the shitosan w/v is the shitosan acid solution of 0.1g/100mL, in stirring down the shitosan acid solution is slowly added in the ore pulp of step 1), continuous stirring reaction 5 hours, reaction temperature is 20 ℃;
3) with copper content be the copper chloride of montmorillonite mineral weight 6%, slowly add step 2 down in stirring) ore pulp in, the pH value that detects and regulate ore pulp is 3.5, room temperature reaction 5 hours;
4) the pH value of detection step 3) ore pulp is regulated with the sodium hydrate aqueous solution of 0.5moL/L, and making slurry pH value is 7.0; Wash filtering means dehydration 3 times;
5) filter cake of step 4) gained is dried, is crushed to 300 orders, obtain a kind of copper-carried silicate antimicrobial agent.
Adopt the broth dilution method determination minimal inhibitory concentration of the U.S. standardization committee of state-run clinical labororatory (NCCLS) recommendation and the result of minimal bactericidal concentration to show, copper-carried silicate antimicrobial agent is respectively 100 to the minimal inhibitory concentration of salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus, 100,50mg/L, minimal bactericidal concentration is respectively 300,400,150mg/L.Is experimental animal with 1 age in days AA commodity for mixing chick, and the corn-soybean meal diet of 0.05% copper-carried silicate antimicrobial agent of feeding 49 days finds that copper-carried silicate antimicrobial agent has obvious growth promotion and the effect that improves food utilization efficiency; Small intestine and caecum Escherichia coli, salmonella and C.perfringens number are reduced; The activity that can effectively suppress enteron aisle beta-glucosidase, GUSB; Can improve intestinal villi height and cashmere density, improve mucous membrane of small intestine maltose, aminopeptidase N and alkaline phosphatase activity, the apparent digestibility of nutrients such as feed dry matter, crude protein, crude fat is improved.The The above results prompting: copper-carried silicate antimicrobial agent is by suppressing the propagation of enteric pathogenic bacteria, reduce the activity of bacterial enzyme, improve intestinal environment and mucous membrane morphosis,, thereby improve the growth performance of fryer with the secretion that benefits digestive ferment and the digestion of feed nutrient.
Embodiment 2
1) will originate from the montmorillonite in the Inner Mongol, and together with the sodium chloride that is equivalent to mineral weight 15%, add water and stir, and make concentration and be 20% suspension ore pulp, room temperature sodium 15 hours is washed 7 times, and it is 20% ore pulp that water is made concentration again;
2) molecular weight that will be equivalent to montmorillonite mineral weight 5% is that 80kDa, deacetylation are that to be dissolved in volume fraction be in 5% the aqueous hydrochloric acid solution for 95% shitosan, being made into the shitosan w/v is the shitosan acid solution of 5g/100mL, in stirring down the shitosan acid solution is slowly added in the ore pulp of step 1), continuous stirring reaction 10 hours, reaction temperature is 70 ℃;
3) with copper content be the Copper nitrate hexahydrate (Cu (NO of montmorillonite mineral weight 1%
3)
26H
2O), slowly add step 2 down in stirring) ore pulp in, the pH value that detects and regulate ore pulp is 6.5, room temperature reaction 10 hours;
4) the pH value of detection step 3) ore pulp is regulated with the potassium hydroxide aqueous solution of 10moL/L, and making slurry pH value is 8.5; Wash centrifugal dehydration 7 times;
5) filter cake of step 4) gained is dried, is crushed to 400 orders, obtain a kind of copper-carried silicate antimicrobial agent.
Copper-carried silicate antimicrobial agent adheres to the epithelial influence of fish to Aeromonas hydrophila: adopt fish epithelial cell culture model, observe the adhesion rate of Aeromonas hydrophila zygobranchiate epithelium, skin epithelium, enterocyte, the research copper-carried silicate antimicrobial agent causes the influence that fish epithelial cell membrane biological nature changes to the blocking effect of bacterial adhesion and to bacterial adhesion.The result is as follows:
Aeromonas hydrophila sees Table 1 to epithelial adhesion rate of fish and copper-carried silicate antimicrobial agent to the blocking-up rate that adheres to.Aeromonas hydrophila and fish epithelial cell all have adhesive attraction in various degree, and wherein the epithelial adhesion rate of zygobranchiate is significantly greater than enterocyte (P＜0.05).Compare with the blank group, copper-carried silicate antimicrobial agent has all significantly reduced the adhesion rate (P＜0.05) of Aeromonas hydrophila zygobranchiate, skin and enterocyte, but the epithelial adhesion blocking-up of difference rate is not had significant difference.
Table 1 Aeromonas hydrophila is the blocking-up rate to adhering to epithelial adhesion rate of fish and copper-carried silicate antimicrobial agent
| Bacterial adhesion group bacterial adhesion rate (%) | Blocking test group bacterial adhesion rate (%) | Adhere to blocking-up rate (%) | |
| Gill membrane skin enteric epithelium | 11.1±2.1 Aa 8.7±2.5 ABa 6.7±1.3 Ba | 4.2±0.7 Ab 2.6±1.2 ABb 1.9±0.7 Ab | 61.8±10.1 70.0±8.3 70.5±9.7 |
Annotate: the result represents with mean ± standard deviation; N=3.Shoulder mark lowercase difference person represents bacterial adhesion rate significant difference (P＜0.05) in the same row; Shoulder mark capitalization difference person represents to adhere to blocking-up rate significant difference (P＜0.05) in the same row.
Copper-carried silicate antimicrobial agent causes that to bacterial adhesion the influence that fish epithelial cell membrane biological nature changes sees Table 2.By table 2 as seen, after Aeromonas hydrophila adheres to the fish epithelial cell, cytosolic free calcium and cell membrane PLA
2Concentration significantly rises.Compare the bacterium+copper-carried silicate antimicrobial agent group gill, skin and enterocyte cytosolic free calcium concentration and cell membrane PLA with bacterium intrusion group
2Significantly reduce (P＜0.05), and do not have significant difference (P＞0.05) with the normal control group.
Table 2 copper-carried silicate antimicrobial agent causes the influence that fish epithelial cell membrane biological nature changes to bacterial adhesion
| Group | The endochylema Free Ca 2+Concentration (nmol/L) | Cells and supernatant PLA 2Active (μ mol.min.L -1) | ||||
| The gill | Skin | Intestines | The gill | Skin | Intestines | |
| The normal control group | 120.2±19.2 b | 150.3±23.0 b | 131.2±25.6 b | 0.25±0.05 b | 0.07±0.05 b | 0.16±0.05 b |
| Bacterium intrusion group | 211.1±33.1 a | 254.1±29.8 a | 220.0±35.7a | 0.43±0.05 a | 0.21±0.04 a | 0.29±0.07 a |
| Bacterium+copper-carried silicate antimicrobial agent group | 150.2±22.5 b | 188.3±32.2 b | 150.3±27.2 b | 0.28±0.07 b | 0.12±0.03 b | 0.21±0.04 b |
Annotate: the result represents with mean ± standard deviation; N=3.The female different person's significant differences (P＜0.05) of shoulder marking-up in the same row.
Embodiment 3
1) will originate from the montmorillonite in Hebei, and together with the sodium chloride that is equivalent to mineral weight 10%, add water and stir, and make concentration and be 15% suspension ore pulp, room temperature sodium 12 hours is washed 6 times, and it is 15% ore pulp that water is made concentration again;
2) molecular weight that will be equivalent to montmorillonite mineral weight 2.5% is that 40kDa, deacetylation are that to be dissolved in volume fraction be in 2% the aqueous acetic acid for 85% shitosan, being made into the shitosan w/v is the shitosan acid solution of 2g/100mL, in stirring down the shitosan acid solution is slowly added in the ore pulp of step 1), continuous stirring reaction 7 hours, reaction temperature is 50 ℃;
3) with copper content be the copper sulphate of montmorillonite mineral weight 3%, slowly add step 2 down in stirring) ore pulp in, the pH value that detects and regulate ore pulp is 4.5, room temperature reaction 8 hours;
4) the pH value of detection step 3) ore pulp is regulated with the aqueous sodium carbonate of 5moL/L, and making slurry pH value is 8.0; Wash filtering means dehydration 7 times;
5) filter cake of step 4) gained is dried, is crushed to 400 orders, obtain a kind of copper-carried silicate antimicrobial agent.
Choosing average weight is the healthy bolti of 4.2g, the feed daily ration 56 days of 0.01% copper-carried silicate antimicrobial agent finds that copper-carried silicate antimicrobial agent has significantly improved growth performance and the survival rate of Tilapia mossambica, significantly reduces intestinal bacteria quantity, and obviously change the composition of gut flora, make Aeromonas, pseudomonas, Flavobacterium, acinetobacter, Alcaligenes, enterobacteriaceae, the percentage of vibrio reduces; Significantly improve leukocytes phagocytic activity, serum and epidermal mucus lysozyme activity, red blood cell C
3bAcceptor garland percentage; Significantly improve each intestinal segment fine hair and microvillus height; Significantly improve the apparent digestibility of intestinal tissue protease, amylase, lipase active and feed nutrient.Compare with the flavomycoin group, copper-carried silicate antimicrobial agent group Tilapia mossambica daily gain, specific growth rate, intestinal tissue amylase and lipase, midgut microvillus highly significant improve, the equal certain advantage of tool on other indexs, but difference is not remarkable.Results suggest: copper-carried silicate antimicrobial agent is by suppressing the propagation of enteric pathogenic bacteria, improve the nospecific immunity function of body, improve the intestinal mucosa morphosis,, thereby improve growth performance and the survival rate of Tilapia mossambica with the secretion that benefits digestive ferment and the digestion of feed nutrient.
Embodiment 4
1) with montmorillonite mineral, together with the sodium chloride that is equivalent to mineral weight 7%, add water and stir, make concentration and be 10% suspension ore pulp, room temperature sodium 10 hours is washed 5 times, and it is 20% ore pulp that water is made concentration again;
2) molecular weight that will be equivalent to montmorillonite mineral weight 1% is that 10kDa, deacetylation are that to be dissolved in volume fraction be in 5% the aqueous hydrochloric acid solution for 90% shitosan, being made into the shitosan w/v is the shitosan acid solution of 1.5g/100mL, in stirring down the shitosan acid solution is slowly added in the ore pulp of step 1), continuous stirring reaction 6 hours, reaction temperature is 70 ℃;
3) with copper content be the cupric sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO of montmorillonite mineral weight 4%
45H
2O), slowly add step 2 down in stirring) ore pulp in, the pH value that detects and regulate ore pulp is 5.0, room temperature reaction 5 hours;
4) the pH value of detection step 3) ore pulp is regulated with the sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution of 1moL/L, and making slurry pH value is 7.5; Wash centrifugal dehydration 5 times;
5) filter cake of step 4) gained is dried, is crushed to 500 orders, obtain a kind of copper-carried silicate antimicrobial agent.
" DLY " three way cross piglet about 64 body weight 7.8kg is divided into 2 groups by the feeding experiment requirement, establish 4 repetitions for every group, each repeats 8, and feeding respectively contains the diet of 0 and 0.10% copper-carried silicate antimicrobial agent, free choice feeding and drinking-water, 50 days experimental periods.Record diarrhoea situation, feed consumption rate, empty stomach starting weight and heavy eventually.After feeding experiment finished, every group was selected close 8 pigs of body weight (each repeats 2, male and female half and half) to butcher, the aseptic colonic contents of taking, and pending Escherichia coli are analyzed; Get one section of the middle part jejunum of 0.5cm * 0.5cm, it is rinsed well, be tiled on the filter paper liquid is blotted, immerse formaldehyde fixed liquid thereafter, treat that spectroscopic analysis uses with 0.9%NaCl.The result shows, in the contrast daily ration, adds 0.10% copper-carried silicate antimicrobial agent and makes the piglet daily gain improve 10.2% (P＜0.01), and material anharmonic ratio 7.5% (P＜0.05) that descended, day searched for food not to make significant difference; Significantly reduced the grice diarrhoea rate, made the average diarrhea rate of piglet reduce by 55.8% (P＜0.01) than control group; Make that Escherichia coli significantly descend in the colonic contents (P＜0.01); Make the ratio of jejunum villi height and height of naps/gland nest degree of depth improve 21.3% (P＜0.05) and 32.5% (P＜0.01) respectively.
Claims (4)
1. the preparation method of a copper-carried silicate antimicrobial agent is characterized in that the step of method is as follows:
1),, adds water and stir together with the sodium chloride that is equivalent to mineral weight 5%～15% with montmorillonite mineral, make concentration and be 10%～20% suspension ore pulp, room temperature sodium 10～15 hours is washed 5～7 times, and it is 10%～20% ore pulp that water is made concentration again;
2) to be dissolved in volume fraction be in 1～5% the acetic acid or aqueous hydrochloric acid solution to the shitosan that will be equivalent to montmorillonite mineral weight 0.5%～5%, being made into the shitosan w/v is the shitosan acid solution of 0.1～5g/100mL, in stirring down the shitosan acid solution is slowly added in the ore pulp of step 1), continuous stirring reaction 5～10 hours, reaction temperature is 20 ℃～70 ℃;
3) with copper content be the mantoquita of montmorillonite mineral weight 1～6%, slowly add step 2 down in stirring) ore pulp in, the pH value that detects and regulate ore pulp is 3.5～6.5, room temperature reaction 5～10 hours;
4) the pH value of detection step 3) ore pulp is regulated with alkaline solution, and making slurry pH value is 7.0～8.5; Wash 3～7 times, filter or centrifugal dehydration;
5) filter cake of step 4) gained is dried, is crushed to 300 orders～500 orders, obtain a kind of copper-carried silicate antimicrobial agent.
2. the preparation method of a kind of copper-carried silicate antimicrobial agent according to claim 1 is characterized in that said shitosan is that molecular weight is that 2～80kDa, deacetylation are 80～95% shitosan.
3. the preparation method of a kind of copper-carried silicate antimicrobial agent according to claim 1 is characterized in that said mantoquita is copper chloride, copper nitrate, copper sulphate or its hydrate.
4. the preparation method of a kind of copper-carried silicate antimicrobial agent according to claim 1 is characterized in that said alkaline solution is that concentration is the aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potash, sodium bicarbonate or the saleratus of 0.5～10moL/L.
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| 壳聚糖天然抗菌活性及其稳定性. 郑铁生，王亚娜，宗爱萍.商场现代化，第11期. 2005 * |
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