CN100354518C - 内燃机燃油喷射系统 - Google Patents

内燃机燃油喷射系统 Download PDF

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CN100354518C
CN100354518C CNB038142104A CN03814210A CN100354518C CN 100354518 C CN100354518 C CN 100354518C CN B038142104 A CNB038142104 A CN B038142104A CN 03814210 A CN03814210 A CN 03814210A CN 100354518 C CN100354518 C CN 100354518C
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fuel
valve
cone
oil
valve pocket
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CN1662740A (zh
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安德斯·拉松
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Volvo Truck Corp
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Volvo Lastvagnar AB
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D36/00—Filter circuits or combinations of filters with other separating devices
    • B01D36/001—Filters in combination with devices for the removal of gas, air purge systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/0011—Constructional details; Manufacturing or assembly of elements of fuel systems; Materials therefor
    • F02M37/0023—Valves in the fuel supply and return system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/20—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines characterised by means for preventing vapour lock
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/22—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system
    • F02M37/54—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system characterised by air purging means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • F02M55/007—Venting means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • F02M55/02—Conduits between injection pumps and injectors, e.g. conduits between pump and common-rail or conduits between common-rail and injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于内燃机(10)的燃油系统，该系统包括一个燃油箱(13)，一个燃油泵(12)和一个燃油滤清器(19)，该燃油滤清器(19)位于发动机的燃油泵和燃油消耗装置(11)之间的流动管(14)中。流动管(14)包括一个阀腔(20)，位于燃油滤清器的下游，带有一个阀锥(24)，该阀锥(24)可移动的放置在位于上阀座(20b)和下阀座(27)之间的所述阀腔内。阀腔(20)的上部具有一个用于排出到燃油箱(13)的出口(22)。阀锥(24)设置有一个带有阀座(25a)的内通道(25)，在正常燃油压力下，该阀座和通道内可移动的放泄锥(26)相互作用。

Description

内燃机燃油喷射系统
技术领域
本发明涉及到一种用于内燃机的燃油系统，包括一个燃油箱，一个燃油泵和一个燃油滤清器，该燃油滤清器位于发动机的燃油泵和燃油消耗装置之间的流动管中，该流动管包括一个阀腔，位于燃油滤清器的下游，具有一个可移动的放置在上述阀腔中的上阀座和下阀座之间的阀锥。
背景技术
用于内燃机的燃油系统通常被这样设计，更换燃油滤清器，包括清空滤清器壳的出口和气缸盖之间的燃油管路。在这一连接方式中，环境中的危害物质应该被收集起来以避免泄漏。更换燃油滤清器是一种通常的保养措施，特别是在大量使用的重型柴油发动机上。通常给柴油发动机的燃油系统提供一个放泄螺纹接套和一个手动泵，在泄放空气或者加入燃油时使用。在发动机启动之前，需要手动泵多次动作，并且需要开启一个或者多个放泄螺纹接套以除去新滤清器中存在的大量空气。这涉及到昂贵的工时和燃油泄漏的风险，因为上面提及的放泄螺纹接套在燃油流出前通常不被关闭。
有些燃油系统带有自动除去空气程序的设备(参看，例如，US5534161)。该专利介绍一种泵，该泵可以通过微处理器沿着两个方向被驱动，并且可以用于去除水分。然而，这一设备只能方便的处理将空气从燃油系统中排出，为了将空气从系统高压侧排出，还需要其它方法。因此该设备意味着增加了燃油系统的元件数量而没有完全解决方便处理放泄的问题。
发明内容
因此本发明的一个目的是制造一种燃油系统，在滤清器更换后可以自动除去空气而不增加系统的复杂性或者成本。
为这一目的设计的燃油系统包括一个燃油箱，一个燃油泵和一个燃油滤清器，该燃油滤清器位于发动机的燃油泵和燃油消耗装置之间的流动管中，该流动管包括一个阀腔，位于燃油滤清器的下游，具有一个可移动的放置在上述阀腔中的上阀座和下阀座之间的阀锥，并且，根据本发明，其特征在于，该阀腔的上部具有一个放出到燃油箱的出口，并且该阀锥上提供一个具有阀座的内通道，在正常油压下，阀座和在通道中可移动的放泄锥相互作用。一方面，该燃油系统的这一设计保证在滤清器更换过程中燃油泄漏最小，并且，另一方面，燃油系统随后的放泄可以自动进行。
本发明的优选图示实施例将从下面的各个权利要求而展示出。
附图说明
本发明将参考附图所示的图示实施例进行详细说明，其中，
图1示意的表示出具有根据本发明的燃油系统的内燃机，
图2表示形成图1中的燃油系统的一部分的带有相关滤清器的滤清器固定座的放大图，以及
图3-5示意的表示形成根据本发明的燃油系统的一部分看的阀腔的三种不同功能状态的进一步放大图。
具体实施方式
在图1中简要表示出的内燃机10为6缸柴油发动机，带有相应数量的标准型喷射器11。该发动机可以使用，例如，以驱动一辆重型卡车。
柴油由发动机驱动的泵12从燃油箱13通过公共供油管14提供给喷射器11。一个用于压力控制和放泄的组合阀15被安装在喷射器11的下游。一条用于未燃烧燃油的回流动管路16也连接到组合阀上。一条放泄管路17也连接到组合阀上，在组合阀处放泄管路和燃油箱13相连通。
燃油系统还包括一个带有燃油滤清器19的滤清器固定座18。滤清器固定座在图2中详细表示出，并设置有一个柱形阀腔20，该阀腔位于燃油滤清器的下游，在图3-5中详细表示出。阀腔的下端壁20a上提供一个从燃油滤清器19的中心入口21。通过中心出口22，上端壁20b通过放泄管路17连通到燃油箱13。阀腔也通过布置在侧面20c上的侧向出口23和供油管路14连通。
阀腔20中容纳一个阀锥24，该阀锥设有一个带有阀座25a的内通道25以及可以在通道内移动的放泄锥26。在低燃油压力时，该放泄锥被布置与阀腔的下阀座27相互作用(如图3所示)。当燃油压力上升时，比阀锥24更容易自由移动的放泄锥，可以自己从阀座27上移开，然后气泡能够移动经过放泄锥并通过放泄口22排出(如图4所示)。当燃油压力足够高时，放泄锥26和阀座25a相互作用，然后阀锥24从阀座27上移开，从而燃油可以通过出口23流出到达供油管路14。
当发动机在更换燃油滤清器19后被启动时，燃油泵12从燃油箱13中吸入燃油并充入滤清器19中。当滤清器中的压力达到足够高时，放泄锥26从阀座27上抬起，然后空气经过泄放阀锥通过通道25并通过出口22。当燃油到达阀腔20时，放泄锥将关闭阀座25a，然后阀锥24被向上移动并且无空气燃油经过通向供油管路14的出口23进入发动机的消耗装置11。
放泄锥26的重量适于使得燃油中的气泡可以轻易使之从下阀座27上抬起。阀锥24的重量依次适于使得只有燃油压力能够使之从下阀座27上抬起。
既然放泄锥26能快速关闭入口21，在供油管路14中正压力的一大部分在滤清器更换过程中可以得到保留。在所有空气通过放泄口22排出并且压力可以上升到组合阀15维持的正常水平之前，这一正压力组成了发动机启动并持续工作的先决条件。由于燃油仍然保留在喷射器11和通向喷射器的供油管路14中，因此即使在放泄过程中发动机仍然运转。应该指出的是，这是假设发动机运转在低负荷情况下，也就是说低燃油消耗，这使得泵将滤清器中存在的空气由燃油代替成为可能。另外，这一放泄过程只持续大约10秒。
本发明不仅仅局限于上述实施例，在下面专利权利要求的范围内一系列的变化和改动都可以被理解为在发明范围内。例如，可以在关闭方向使用弹簧装置作为阀锥24和/或放泄锥26自身重量的补充。

Claims (8)

1.一种用于内燃机(10)的燃油系统，包括一个燃油箱(13)，一个燃油泵(12)和一个燃油滤清器(19)，该燃油滤清器(19)位于内燃机的燃油泵和燃油消耗装置(11)之间的流动管(14)中，该流动管(14)包括一个阀腔(20)，该阀腔位于燃油滤清器的下游，带有一个可移动的放置在所述阀腔内位于上阀座(20b)和下阀座(27)之间的阀锥(24)，其特征在于，该阀腔(20)的上部具有一个与燃油箱连通的出口(22)，用于将燃油放泄到燃油箱(13)，并且该阀锥(24)设有一个具有阀座(25a)的内通道(25)，在正常燃油压力下，该阀座(25a)和在通道中可移动的放泄锥(26)相互作用，当燃油压力低时，放泄锥(26)被布置为和阀腔(20)的下阀座(27)相互作用，当燃油压力上升时，放泄锥(26)被布置为在放泄过程中从下阀座(27)移开。
2.权利要求1所述的燃油系统，其特征在于，阀腔(20)为圆柱形，其下端壁(20a)的中心设有与燃油滤清器(19)连通的入口(21)。
3.权利要求2所述的燃油系统，其特征在于，阀腔(20)设有一个上端壁(20b)，该上端壁的中心设有与燃油箱(13)连通的所述出口(22)。
4.权利要求2或3所述的燃油系统，其特征在于，阀腔(20)的侧面(20c)设有一个通向内燃机的燃油消耗装置(11)的侧向出口(23)。
5.权利要求1到3中任一所述的燃油系统，其特征在于，放泄锥(26)的重量适合于使得燃油中的气泡能够使放泄锥(26)从下阀座(27)上抬起。
6.权利要求1到3中任一所述的燃油系统，其特征在于，阀锥(24)的重量适合于使得燃油压力能够使阀锥(24)从下阀座(27)上抬起。
7.权利要求1到3中任一所述的燃油系统，其特征在于，阀锥(24)和/或放泄锥(26)由弹簧装置沿着关闭方向被作用。
8.权利要求1到3中任一所述的燃油系统，其特征在于，阀腔(20)被放置在滤清器固定座(18)内、靠近燃油滤清器(19)的连接处。
CNB038142104A 2002-06-19 2003-05-28 内燃机燃油喷射系统 Expired - Lifetime CN100354518C (zh)

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US38973702P 2002-06-19 2002-06-19
SE02019016 2002-06-19
SE0201901A SE522504C2 (sv) 2002-06-19 2002-06-19 Bränslesystem för en förbränningsmotor
US60/389,737 2002-06-19

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CN100354518C true CN100354518C (zh) 2007-12-12

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EP (1) EP1518048B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP4340627B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN100354518C (zh)
AT (1) ATE425353T1 (zh)
AU (1) AU2003246196A1 (zh)
BR (1) BR0311989B1 (zh)
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EP0307739A2 (de) * 1987-09-17 1989-03-22 Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft Entlüftungsvorrichtung für eine Kraftstoffanlage von Brennkraftmaschinen
DE4014551C1 (en) * 1990-05-07 1991-12-12 Ing. Walter Hengst Gmbh & Co Kg, 4400 Muenster, De Venting valve for fuel filter - has ball inside which floats in fuel and can be pressed against valve seat to prevent fuel flow into return line
EP0964153A2 (en) * 1998-06-08 1999-12-15 Wärtsilä NSD Oy Ab Control and safety valve arrangement in a fuel feeding system

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EP1518048B1 (en) 2009-03-11
US7201153B2 (en) 2007-04-10
AU2003246196A1 (en) 2004-01-06
ATE425353T1 (de) 2009-03-15
BR0311989A (pt) 2005-03-22
CN1662740A (zh) 2005-08-31
JP2005530095A (ja) 2005-10-06
US20050081831A1 (en) 2005-04-21
JP4340627B2 (ja) 2009-10-07
EP1518048A1 (en) 2005-03-30
WO2004001217A1 (en) 2003-12-31
DE60326583D1 (de) 2009-04-23
BR0311989B1 (pt) 2012-12-11

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