CH711753A2 - Intake system for an exhaust gas turbocharger and turbocharger. - Google Patents

Abstract

An intake system (10) for an exhaust gas turbocharger, comprising an intake silencer (12) for intake charge air to be compressed and an intake pipe (13) for directing the charge air to be compressed from the intake silencer (12) towards a compressor (11) of the exhaust gas turbocharger the intake system (10) is designed as a retrofittable unit, and wherein the intake silencer (12) and / or the intake pipe (13) comprise means which, in the event of damage to the compressor, reduce kinetic energy from fragments of the compressor and thus form containment protection.

Description

Description: The invention relates to an intake system for an exhaust gas turbocharger and an exhaust gas turbocharger.

An exhaust gas turbocharger has a turbine and a compressor. The turbine of the exhaust gas turbocharger serves for the expansion of exhaust gas leaving an engine and the recovery of energy during the expansion of the exhaust gas. The compressor of an exhaust gas turbocharger serves to compress the charge air to be supplied to the engine by means of the energy obtained in the turbine. Furthermore, an exhaust-gas turbocharger has an intake system with an intake silencer for intake charge air to be compressed or with an intake pipe for directing the charge air to be compressed from the intake element / silencer in the direction of a compressor of the exhaust-gas turbocharger.

In the operation of an exhaust gas turbocharger there is a risk that, for example, the compressor rotor breaks and fragments of the compressor rotor penetrate the compressor housing and fly into the environment of the exhaust gas turbocharger. A similar damage event can also occur in the area of the turbine of the exhaust gas turbocharger. In order to take this problem into account, the compressor housing and possibly the turbine housing is designed in such a way that damage of the respective housing is not to be expected and even when breaking the respective rotor fragments of the same housing can not penetrate in known from practice exhaust gas turbochargers. As a result, however, on the one hand, the weight of the exhaust gas turbocharger is increased, on the other hand, these measures can only be used in newly designed exhaust gas turbochargers.

Existing, older exhaust gas turbochargers, however, can not be redesigned, so that they have no corresponding protection and thus can reach fragments in the event of damage in the environment.

From DE 10 2013 013 571 A1 a solution is known, with the older, existing exhaust gas turbocharger can be protected in case of damage so that fragments of the same do not get into the environment. For this purpose, it is proposed that the compressor housing and / or the turbine housing is at least partially enveloped by at least one metal ring fabric.

On this basis, the present invention seeks to provide a novel intake system for an exhaust gas turbocharger and an exhaust gas turbocharger with such an intake system.

This object is achieved by an intake system according to claim 1. The intake system according to the invention is designed as a retrofittable unit, the intake silencer and / or the intake manifold comprising means which, in the event of damage to the compressor, namely the compressor rotor, reduce kinetic energy of fragments thereof and thus form containment protection. The present invention proposes for the first time to use assemblies of an intake system for an exhaust gas turbocharger, which serve according to the prior art exclusively the leadership of charge air to be compressed in the direction of the compressor of the exhaust gas turbocharger, in addition to containment protection or Berstschutz, namely, in that the intake silencer and / or the intake manifold of the intake system comprise means which, in the event of damage to the compressor, reduce kinetic energy of fragments of the compressor rotor. In particular, existing, older exhaust gas turbochargers can be retrofitted with such an intake system in order to provide effective burst protection or containment protection for the same.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the intake silencer plates or ribs, on the one hand serve the flow of the charge air to be compressed and on the other hand, in the event of damage to the compressor degradation of kinetic energy of fragments of the compressor rotor. Alternatively or preferably in addition, the intake silencer has a rear wall with a predetermined breaking point and / or a deformable front wall, wherein the plates or ribs are positioned between the front wall and the rear wall and extend in the axial direction or circumferential direction. These means in the region of the intake silencer alone or in combination with one another allow effective burst protection or containment protection for exhaust gas turbochargers, in particular for retrofitting existing, older exhaust gas turbochargers.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the intake manifold on at least one absorption element, which serves on the one hand, the flow of the charge air to be compressed and on the other hand, in the event of damage to the compressor degradation of kinetic energy of fragments of the compressor rotor. An absorption element has a frustoconical surface and is surrounded on the outside by a wall of the intake pipe, wherein the frustoconical surface preferably tapers in the direction of one of the connection of the intake pipe to a compressor housing serving flange. A further absorption element may be formed as a ring structure with honeycomb core, which projects with a first portion in the intake manifold and with a second portion in the compressor housing. Another absorption element may be formed as a bellows-like portion of the wall of the intake pipe, which connects with a first end to a cylindrical portion of the wall of the intake pipe and with a second end to a compressor housing. The intake pipe has a flange for connecting the intake system to the compressor housing of the compressor, wherein a predetermined breaking point is preferably formed on this flange. These means provided in the region of the intake pipe, alone or in combination with one another, also allow the provision of effective burst protection or containment protection, preferably for retrofitting existing, older exhaust gas turbochargers.

The exhaust gas turbocharger according to the invention is defined in claim 13.

Preferred embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the description below. Embodiments of the invention will be described, without being limited thereto, with reference to the drawing. Showing:

1 shows a detail of a cross section through an exhaust gas turbocharger in the region of an intake pipe of an intake system of the exhaust gas turbocharger.

2 shows a section through a different intake manifold of an intake system of the exhaust gas turbocharger;

Fig. 3: a development of the intake pipe of Fig. 2;

4 is a fragmentary cross-section through an intake silencer of an intake system of the exhaust gas turbocharger;

5 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view of another intake silencer of an intake system of the exhaust gas turbocharger;

6 is a perspective view of an intake silencer of an intake system of the exhaust gas turbocharger.

The invention relates to an exhaust gas turbocharger. An exhaust gas turbocharger has a turbine, a compressor and an intake system. The turbine of the exhaust gas turbocharger has a preferably multi-part turbine housing with a Zuströmgehäuse and a discharge housing and a recorded in the turbine housing turbine rotor. The compressor of the exhaust gas turbocharger comprises a preferably multi-part compressor housing with a bearing housing, spiral housing and an insert mounted on the spiral housing. Further, the compressor has a compressor rotor housed in the compressor housing, which is coupled to the turbine rotor.

In the turbine, exhaust gas is expanded and thereby used energy used to compress charge air in the region of the compressor. The intake system of the exhaust gas turbocharger serves to suck in the charge air to be compressed in the area of the compressor. In this case, the intake system comprises an intake silencer or an intake pipe, via which the intake charge air can be conducted starting from the intake element / silencer in the direction of the compressor.

This basic structure of an exhaust gas turbocharger is familiar to those skilled in the art.

In the operation of an exhaust gas turbocharger, there is a risk that in particular the compressor rotor breaks and fragments thereof penetrate the compressor housing of the compressor and get into the same environment. This represents a considerable hazard potential. It is therefore important to provide effective burst protection or containment protection for an exhaust gas turbocharger. This applies in particular to existing, older turbochargers that are already in use in the field. The present invention now relates to an intake system for an exhaust gas turbocharger, with which an effective containment protection or burst protection for an exhaust gas turbocharger can be provided, and which is particularly suitable for retrofitting older, already used exhaust gas turbocharger.

For the purposes of the invention, the intake system is designed as a retrofittable unit, wherein the intake silencer and / or the intake manifold comprise means which, in the event of damage to the compressor of the exhaust gas turbocharger, namely in the event of damage to the compressor rotor, reduce kinetic energy of fragments of the compressor rotor and form such a containment protection or bursting protection.

In the following, reference will be made to various embodiments of the invention with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6, wherein the embodiments or features shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 can also be used in any combination with each other.

Fig. 1 shows a section of an exhaust gas turbocharger in the region of an intake system 10 of the exhaust gas turbocharger, wherein the intake system 10 serves to suck the charge air to be compressed and the charge air to be compressed in the direction of a compressor 11 of the exhaust gas turbocharger. From the intake system 10, an intake silencer 12 and an intake pipe 13 are shown in sections in sections. The intake silencer 12 is used for low-noise intake of charge air to be compressed, wherein the intake pipe 13 is used to direct this charge air starting from the intake silencer 12 in the direction of the compressor 11 of the exhaust gas turbocharger. From the compressor 11, a volute casing 14 and an insert 15 mounted on the volute casing 14 are shown in FIG. Furthermore, FIG. 1 shows a compressor rotor 16.

In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the intake pipe 13 is composed of successively positioned portions seen in the flow direction of the charge air, namely from a directly adjoining the intake silencer 12 first portion 17 with a cylindrical wall and seen in the flow direction of the charge air this section 17 subsequent section 18 with a bellows-like wall. The sections 17, 18 of the intake pipe 13 are connected to each other as shown in FIG. 1 via adjacent flanges 19, 20. About a flange 19 opposite the flange 21, which consists of the two sections 21 a, 21 b, is the

Section 17 of the intake pipe 13 with the cylindrical wall connected to the intake muffler 12, namely a flange 35 thereof. Via a flange 20 opposite the flange 22 with the two sections 22a, 22b, the portion 18 of the intake pipe 13 to the compressor 11, namely a flange 36 of the volute casing 14, connected.

Then, if in the event of damage to the compressor rotor 16 fragments thereof opposite to the flow direction of the charge air to be compressed on the so-called insert 15, the insert 15 moves in case of failure of a screw between insert 15 and volute 14 in the direction of the bellows section 18 of the Intake pipe 13, which deforms due to its bellows-like structure and this kinetic energy of fragments of the compressor rotor 16 degrades, so serves as an absorption element for the kinetic energy of the fragments.

This screw connection between insert 15 and volute 14 may be formed by means of screws with expansion shank to reduce kinetic energy of fragments of the compressor rotor 16 already on a plastic deformation of these screws and so to reduce that energy that is degraded by the intake system 10.

Serving as the absorption element, bellows-like portion 18 of the intake pipe 13 therefore serves both the degradation of kinetic energy of fragments of the compressor rotor 16 in case of damage thereof and on the other hand, the flow of the charge air to be compressed starting from the intake silencer 12 in the direction of the compressor 11 of the exhaust gas turbocharger. As already stated, the two flanges 21, 22, which serve to connect the intake pipe 13 to the volute casing 14 of the compressor 11 and to the intake silencer 12, are made in multiple parts from the sections 21a, 21b and 22a, 22b, the connection point between the portions 22a, 22b of the flange 22 forms a predetermined breaking point, which breaks in the event of damage to the compressor, namely the compressor rotor 16 to a bellows-like deformation, namely compression of the portion 18 of the intake pipe 13 for reducing kinetic energy of fragments of the compressor, namely the Compressor rotor 16 to allow unrestricted.

The bellows-like structure of the portion 18 of the intake pipe 13 may either, as shown in Fig. 1, be formed by at least one circumferential groove 23 in the wall of the portion 18 and / or by several pocket-like recesses in this wall. The section 18 is preferably made of a material which ensures good deformability of the section 18 in the event of damage to the compressor, preferably of a ductile, metallic material. The section 18 may also be made of a rubber-like material. In the embodiment of FIG. 1 accordingly comprises the intake pipe 13 as absorption element for kinetic energy, which in the event of damage to the compressor rotor kinetic energy of fragments of the same degrades, the section 18, which also serves to guide the flow of the charge air.

Between the flanges 21, 22 of the intake pipe 13, an enveloping body 37, which surrounds the sections 17, 18 of the intake pipe 13 outside, wherein between the enveloping body 37 and the sections 17, 18 of the intake pipe 13, an insulating material 38 is positioned.

Fig. 2 also shows an intake pipe 13 of an intake system for an exhaust gas turbocharger, wherein the intake pipe 13 with a flange 21 to the plant-specific pipe and with a flange 22 to the compressor 11, in particular the volute casing 14 thereof, can be mounted. The intake pipe 13 has a cylindrical wall 24 which extends between the flanges 21, 22. The intake pipe 13 in turn has an absorption element 25 for kinetic energy of fragments of a compressor rotor to reduce the same kinetic energy of the fragments in case of damage, which is in Fig. 2 in this absorption element 25 is an assembly with a frusto-conical lateral surface, the outside of the wall 24 of the intake pipe 23 is surrounded. This absorption element 25 serves to guide the flow of the charge air to be compressed and the reduction of kinetic energy of fragments of the compressor rotor 16 in the event of damage thereof.

The absorption element 25 of Fig. 2 with the frusto-conical lateral surface tapers in the direction of the connection of the intake pipe 13 to the compressor housing serving flange 22. Fragments of the compressor rotor 16 and the insert 15, which counter to the flow direction of the charge air to be compressed in Direction of the plant-specific pipeline fly, get on the lateral surface 25 of the absorbent member 25 and deform it, so that then the absorption element 25 receives the kinetic energy of the debris defined and catches the fragments.

A further embodiment is shown in FIG. 3, wherein in the variant of FIG. 3, in addition to the absorption element 25 with the frusto-conical lateral surface, a further absorption element 26 is provided, which is designed as a ring structure with a honeycomb core 27. According to FIG. 3, the honeycomb core 27 is surrounded on the outside by a support structure 28 with a projection 29, wherein the projection 29 serves to mount the absorption element 26 on the intake pipe. The ring structure with the honeycomb core 27 protrudes with a first portion into the intake pipe 13, with an opposite portion protrudes from the same from the intake pipe 13 and with this section in the compressor, not shown in Fig. 3, namely in the compressor housing, into it.

In the embodiment of FIG. 3, the absorption element 25 tapers with the frusto-conical lateral surface such that the end of the absorption element 25 facing the absorption element 26 protrudes into the ring structure of the absorption element 26 or into the honeycomb core 27. After the variant of Fig. 3 reach fragments of the

Compressor rotor 16 in the event of damage thereof also on the honeycomb core 27, which can reduce the kinetic energy of the fragments by deformation thereof. The absorption element 25 also serves internally for the flow guidance of charge air.

As already stated, and the intake muffler 12 may include means that provide a Containmentschutz for the exhaust gas turbocharger, so can absorb the same kinetic energy of fragments of the compressor or compressor rotor in case of damage.

4 shows a detail of an intake silencer 12, wherein in FIG. 4 a front wall 30 of the intake silencer 12, a rear wall 31 of the intake silencer 12 and a plurality of plates 32 of the intake silencer 12 positioned between the front wall 30 and the rear wall 31 are shown are. The plates 32 serve as damping elements of the sound attenuation. The rear wall 31 faces the compressor of the exhaust gas turbocharger.

In the embodiment of Fig. 4, the rear wall 31 of the intake silencer 12 provides a first means for reducing kinetic energy of fragments of the compressor rotor 16 incl. The insert in the event of damage thereof ready, the rear wall 31 can deform defined. Also, the damping elements 32 can reduce kinetic energy. Further, the front wall 30 of the intake muffler 12 is deformable to reduce kinetic energy of fragments of the compressor rotor 16 in the event of damage thereof.

In Fig. 4, the plates 32 are positioned between the front wall 30 and the rear wall 31 of the intake silencer 12, these plates 32 extending substantially in the circumferential and radial directions and being spaced apart in the axial direction. The plates 32 are mounted on an axially extending support member 33.

The intake muffler 12 of FIG. 4 is designed as a sheet metal construction, wherein the rear wall 31, the front wall 30 and the plates 32 of the same kinetic energy in the event of damage to the compressor can advantageously absorb and degrade.

Fig. 5 shows a further variant of an intake muffler 12 of an intake system for an exhaust gas turbocharger, wherein also in the variant of Fig. 5 between the front wall 30 and the rear wall 31 of the intake muffler 12 plates or ribs 32 are positioned, the kinetic degradation Serve energy. According to the variant of FIG. 5, a predetermined breaking point 34 is introduced into the rear wall 31 of the muffler, which is preferably designed as a circumferential groove in the rear wall 31 to predetermine a defined breaking of the rear wall 31 to reduce kinetic energy in the event of damage to the compressor rotor.

6, wherein also in Fig. 6 between the front wall 30 and the rear wall 31 of the intake muffler 12 plates or ribs 32 are positioned, on the one hand the flow guidance of the charge air to be compressed and on the other hand serve in case of damage to the degradation of kinetic energy of the insert and of fragments of the compressor rotor. In contrast to the embodiments of FIGS. 4 and 5 extend in the intake muffler 12 of FIG. 6, these plates or ribs 32 in the axial direction and in the radial direction and are spaced apart in the circumferential direction.

The invention provides an effective containment protection or burst protection in the area of an intake system of an exhaust gas turbocharger. With the invention, in particular older, already existing, used in the field exhaust gas turbocharger can be retrofitted, namely by simply replacing an existing intake system with an inventive priming system via the flange 22, 36 between the intake manifold 13 of the intake system 10 and the volute casing 14 of the compressor 11 ,

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 10 intake system 11 compressor 12 intake silencer 13 intake manifold 14 volute casing 15 insert 16 compressor rotor 17 section 18 absorption element / section

Claims (13)

19 Flange 20 Flange 21 Flange 21a Section 21b Section 22 Flange 22a Section 22b Section 23 Groove 24 Wall 25 Absorbent element 26 Absorbent element 27 Honeycomb core 28 Support structure 29 Projection 30 Front wall 31 Rear wall 32 Plate / rib 33 Support element 34 Predetermined breaking point 35 Flange 36 Flange 37 Covering body 38 Insulation material claims 1. intake system (10) for an exhaust gas turbocharger, with an intake silencer (12) for sucking charge air to be compressed and with an intake pipe (13) for directing the charge air to be compressed from the intake silencer (12) in the direction of a compressor (11) of the exhaust gas turbocharger , characterized in that the intake system (10) is designed as a retrofittable unit, wherein the intake silencer (12) and / or the intake pipe (13) comprises means which reduce kinetic energy of fragments of the compressor in case of damage to the compressor and so a containment protection form. 2. Intake system according to claim 1, characterized in that the intake silencer (12) plates or ribs (32), on the one hand serve the flow guidance of the charge air to be compressed and on the other hand, in the event of damage to the compressor degradation of kinetic energy of fragments of the compressor. 3. intake system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the intake silencer (12) has a rear wall (31) with a predetermined breaking point (34). 4. intake system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the intake silencer (12) has a deformable front wall (30). 5. A suction system according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the plates or ribs between the front wall (30) and the rear wall (31) are positioned. 6. intake system according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the intake pipe (13) has at least one absorption element (18,25,26), on the one hand, the flow guidance of the charge air to be compressed and on the other hand, in the event of damage to the compressor degradation of kinetic energy of fragments of the compressor is used. 7. intake system according to claim 6, characterized in that an absorption element (25) has a frustoconical surface and outside of a wall (24) of the intake pipe is surrounded, wherein the frusto-conical surface preferably in the direction of one of the connection of the intake pipe (13) taped to a compressor housing flange (22) tapers. 8. intake system according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that an absorption element (26) is formed as a ring structure with a honeycomb core (27) which projects with a first portion in the intake pipe (13) and with a second portion in the compressor. 9. intake system according to claim 7 and 8, characterized in that adjoins the ring structure with the honeycomb core (27) with a first portion of the absorption element (25) with the frusto-conical lateral surface. 10. An intake system according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that an absorption element (18) is formed as a bellows-like portion of the intake pipe (13) having a first end to a cylindrical portion of the intake pipe and with a second end to the Compressor connects. 11. Intake system according to claim 10, characterized in that the bellows-like portion (18) is formed by at least one circumferential groove (23) and / or a plurality of pocket-like recesses. 12. Intake system according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the intake pipe (13) has a flange (22) for connecting the intake system to the compressor, wherein on this flange (22) is formed a predetermined breaking point. 13. Exhaust gas turbocharger, with an intake system (10) for sucking charge air to be compressed, with a turbine for the expansion of exhaust gas and for obtaining energy, and with a compressor (11) for compressing the charge air with the aid of the energy obtained in the turbine, the turbine having a multi-part turbine housing and a turbine rotor positioned in the turbine housing, and wherein the compressor (11) comprises a multi-part compressor housing and a compressor rotor (16) positioned in the compressor housing and coupled to the turbine rotor, characterized in that the intake system (10 ) is designed according to one of claims 1 to 12.