CH711753B1 - Intake system for retrofitting an existing turbocharger and exhaust gas turbocharger. - Google Patents

Abstract

Intake system (10) for retrofitting an existing exhaust gas turbocharger, with an intake silencer (12) for sucking in charge air to be compressed and with an intake pipe (13) for guiding the charge air to be compressed from the intake silencer (12) towards a compressor (11) of the exhaust gas turbocharger , wherein the intake system (10) is designed as a retrofittable unit, and wherein the intake silencer (12) and / or the intake pipe (13) comprise means which, in the event of damage to the compressor, namely the compressor rotor, reduce kinetic energy from fragments of the compressor rotor and thus a Train containment protection.

Description

The invention relates to an intake system for an exhaust gas turbocharger and an exhaust gas turbocharger.

[0002] An exhaust gas turbocharger has a turbine and a compressor. The turbine of the exhaust gas turbocharger is used to expand the exhaust gas leaving an engine and to generate energy when the exhaust gas is expanded. The compressor of an exhaust gas turbocharger is used to compress the charge air to be supplied to the engine with the help of the energy obtained in the turbine. Furthermore, an exhaust gas turbocharger has an intake system with an intake silencer for sucking in charge air to be compressed or with an intake pipe for guiding the charge air to be compressed from the intake element / silencer towards a compressor of the exhaust gas turbocharger.

When an exhaust gas turbocharger is in operation, there is a risk that, for example, the compressor rotor will break and fragments of the compressor rotor will break through the compressor housing and fly into the vicinity of the exhaust gas turbocharger. A similar case of damage can also occur in the area of the turbine of the exhaust gas turbocharger. In order to take this problem into account, the compressor housing and possibly the turbine housing in exhaust gas turbochargers known from practice are designed in such a way that damage to the respective housing is not to be expected and fragments of the respective rotor cannot penetrate the respective housing even if the respective rotor breaks. However, this increases the weight of the exhaust gas turbocharger on the one hand, and on the other hand these measures can only be used in newly designed exhaust gas turbochargers.

Already existing, older exhaust gas turbochargers, on the other hand, cannot be redesigned so that they do not have appropriate protection and therefore fragments can get into the environment in the event of damage.

From DE 10 2013 013 571 A1 a solution is known with which older, already existing exhaust gas turbochargers can be protected in the event of damage so that fragments of the same do not get into the environment. For this purpose, it is proposed that the compressor housing and / or the turbine housing be enveloped at least in sections by at least one metal ring mesh.

Proceeding from this, the present invention is based on the object of creating a new type of intake system for an exhaust gas turbocharger and an exhaust gas turbocharger with such an intake system.

[0007] This object is achieved by an intake system for retrofitting an existing turbocharger according to claim 1. The intake system according to the invention is designed as a retrofittable unit, the intake silencer and / or the intake pipe comprising means which, in the event of damage to the compressor, namely the compressor rotor, reduce kinetic energy from fragments of the same and thus form containment protection. The present invention proposes for the first time to use subassemblies of an intake system for an exhaust gas turbocharger, which according to the prior art exclusively serve to guide charge air to be compressed in the direction of the compressor of the exhaust gas turbocharger, in addition to containment protection or burst protection, namely by: that the intake silencer and / or the intake pipe of the intake system comprise means which, in the event of damage to the compressor, reduce kinetic energy from fragments of the compressor rotor. In particular, older exhaust gas turbochargers that are already in existence can be retrofitted with such an intake system in order to provide effective burst protection or containment protection for them.

According to an advantageous development, the intake muffler has plates or ribs which serve on the one hand to guide the flow of the charge air to be compressed and, on the other hand, to reduce the kinetic energy of fragments of the compressor rotor in the event of damage to the compressor. Alternatively or preferably additionally, the intake muffler has a rear wall with a predetermined breaking point and / or a deformable front wall, the plates or ribs being positioned between the front wall and the rear wall and extending in the axial direction or circumferential direction. These means in the area of the intake muffler, alone or in combination with one another, allow effective burst protection or containment protection for exhaust gas turbochargers, in particular for retrofitting existing, older exhaust gas turbochargers.

According to a further advantageous development, the intake pipe has at least one absorption element which serves on the one hand to guide the flow of the charge air to be compressed and, on the other hand, to reduce the kinetic energy of fragments of the compressor rotor in the event of damage to the compressor. An absorption element has a frustoconical outer surface and is surrounded on the outside by a wall of the intake pipe, the frustoconical outer surface preferably tapers in the direction of a flange serving to connect the intake pipe to a compressor housing. A further absorption element can be designed as a ring structure with a honeycomb core, which protrudes with a first section into the intake pipe and with a second section into the compressor housing. Another absorption element can be designed as a bellows-like section of the wall of the intake pipe, which connects with a first end to a cylindrical portion of the wall of the intake pipe and with a second end to a compressor housing. The intake pipe has a flange for connecting the intake system to the compressor housing of the compressor, a predetermined breaking point preferably being formed on this flange. These means provided in the area of the intake pipe, alone or in combination with one another, also allow effective burst protection or containment protection to be provided, preferably for retrofitting existing, older exhaust gas turbochargers.

The exhaust gas turbocharger according to the invention is defined in claim 13.

Preferred developments of the invention emerge from the dependent claims and the following description. Embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail with reference to the drawing, without being restricted thereto. It shows: <tb> Fig. 1: <SEP> a partial cross section through an exhaust gas turbocharger in the area of an intake pipe of an intake system of the exhaust gas turbocharger; <tb> Fig. 2: <SEP> a partial cross-section through another intake pipe of an intake system of the exhaust gas turbocharger; <tb> Fig. 3: <SEP> a further development of the intake pipe of FIG. 2; <tb> Fig. 4: <SEP> a partial cross section through an intake silencer of an intake system of the exhaust gas turbocharger; <tb> Fig. 5: <SEP> shows a partial cross section through another intake silencer of an intake system of the exhaust gas turbocharger; <tb> Fig. 6 <SEP> is a perspective view of an intake muffler of an intake system of the exhaust gas turbocharger.

[0012] The invention relates to an exhaust gas turbocharger. An exhaust gas turbocharger has a turbine, a compressor and an intake system. The turbine of the exhaust gas turbocharger has a preferably multi-part turbine housing with an inflow housing and an outflow housing and a turbine rotor accommodated in the turbine housing. The compressor of the exhaust gas turbocharger comprises a preferably multi-part compressor housing with a bearing housing, spiral housing and an insert piece mounted on the spiral housing. Furthermore, the compressor has a compressor rotor which is accommodated in the compressor housing and which is coupled to the turbine rotor.

In the turbine, exhaust gas is expanded and the energy obtained in this process is used to compress charge air in the area of the compressor. The intake system of the exhaust gas turbocharger is used to suck in the charge air to be compressed in the area of the compressor. In this case, the intake system comprises an intake silencer or an intake pipe, via which the sucked-in charge air can be guided, starting from the intake element / silencer, in the direction of the compressor.

This basic structure of an exhaust gas turbocharger is familiar to the person skilled in the art addressed here.

In the operation of an exhaust gas turbocharger, there is a risk that the compressor rotor in particular breaks and fragments of the same break through the compressor housing of the compressor and get into the vicinity of the same. This represents a considerable potential risk. It is therefore important to provide an effective burst protection or containment protection for an exhaust gas turbocharger. This applies in particular to existing, older exhaust gas turbochargers that are already being used in the field. The present invention now relates to an intake system for an exhaust gas turbocharger, with which effective containment protection or burst protection can be provided for an exhaust gas turbocharger, and which is particularly suitable for retrofitting older, already used exhaust gas turbochargers.

According to the invention, the intake system is designed as a retrofittable unit, the intake muffler and / or the intake pipe comprising means that reduce kinetic energy from fragments of the compressor rotor in the event of damage to the compressor of the exhaust gas turbocharger, namely in the event of damage to the compressor rotor so train containment protection or burst protection.

In the following, various embodiments of the invention will be discussed with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6, wherein the embodiments or features shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 can also be used in any combination with one another.

Fig. 1 shows a section of an exhaust gas turbocharger in the area of an intake system 10 of the exhaust gas turbocharger, the intake system 10 serving to suck in charge air to be compressed and to guide the charge air to be compressed in the direction of a compressor 11 of the exhaust gas turbocharger. Of the intake system 10, an intake silencer 12 and an intake pipe 13 are shown in sections in FIG. 1. The intake silencer 12 is used to suck in the charge air to be compressed with little noise, the intake pipe 13 serving to guide this charge air starting from the intake silencer 12 in the direction of the compressor 11 of the exhaust gas turbocharger. A spiral housing 14 of the compressor 11 and an insert 15 mounted on the spiral housing 14 are shown in FIG. 1. 1 also shows a compressor rotor 16.

In the embodiment of Fig. 1, the intake pipe 13 is composed of sections positioned one behind the other as seen in the direction of flow of the charge air, namely of a first section 17 immediately adjoining the intake muffler 12 with a cylindrical wall and one as seen in the direction of flow of the charge air this section 17 adjoining section 18 with a bellows-like wall. The sections 17, 18 of the intake pipe 13 are connected to one another via adjoining flanges 19, 20 according to FIG. 1. Via a flange 21 opposite the flange 19, which consists of the two sections 21a, 21b, the cylindrical wall of the section 17 of the intake pipe 13 is connected to the intake silencer 12, namely to a flange 35 of the same. The section 18 of the suction pipe 13 is connected to the compressor 11, namely a flange 36 of the spiral housing 14, via a flange 22 opposite the flange 20 and having the two sections 22a, 22b.

Then, if in the event of damage to the compressor rotor 16 fragments of the same against the flow direction of the charge air to be compressed arrive at the so-called insert 15, the insert 15 moves in the event of failure of a screw connection between insert 15 and spiral housing 14 in the direction of the bellows-like section 18 of the Suction pipe 13, which is deformed as a result of its bellows-like structure and thereby reduces kinetic energy from fragments of the compressor rotor 16, that is to say serves as an absorption element for the kinetic energy of the fragments.

This screw connection between the insert 15 and the volute casing 14 can be formed by screws with an elastic shank in order to reduce kinetic energy from fragments of the compressor rotor 16 via plastic deformation of these screws and thus reduce the energy that is to be reduced from the intake system 10.

Serving as an absorption element, bellows-like section 18 of the intake pipe 13 is used on the one hand to reduce the kinetic energy of fragments of the compressor rotor 16 in the event of damage and on the other hand, the flow of the charge air to be compressed starting from the intake muffler 12 in the direction of the compressor 11 of the turbocharger. As already stated, the two flanges 21, 22, which serve to connect the intake pipe 13 to the spiral housing 14 of the compressor 11 and to the intake silencer 12, are made in several parts from the sections 21a, 21b and 22a, 22b, with the connection point between the sections 22a, 22b of the flange 22 forms a predetermined breaking point which breaks in the event of damage to the compressor, namely the compressor rotor 16, to prevent a bellows-like deformation, namely compression, of the section 18 of the intake pipe 13 to reduce kinetic energy from fragments of the compressor, namely the Compressor rotor 16 to allow unrestricted.

The bellows-like structure of the section 18 of the intake pipe 13 can either, as shown in Fig. 1, be formed by at least one circumferential groove 23 in the wall of the section 18 and / or by several pocket-like recesses in this wall. The section 18 is preferably made from a material which ensures good deformability of the section 18 in the event of damage to the compressor, preferably from a ductile, metallic material. The section 18 can also be made of a rubber-like material. In the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 1, the intake pipe 13, as an absorption element for kinetic energy, which in the event of damage to the compressor rotor dissipates kinetic energy from fragments of the same, accordingly comprises the section 18, which also serves to guide the flow of the charge air.

Between the flanges 21, 22 of the intake pipe 13, an enveloping body 37 extends which surrounds the sections 17, 18 of the intake pipe 13 on the outside, with an insulating material 38 being positioned between the enveloping body 37 and the portions 17, 18 of the intake pipe 13.

2 also shows an intake pipe 13 of an intake system for an exhaust gas turbocharger, the intake pipe 13 being mountable with a flange 21 on the system-specific pipeline and with a flange 22 on the compressor 11, in particular the spiral housing 14 of the same. The suction pipe 13 has a cylindrical wall 24 which extends between the flanges 21, 22. The intake pipe 13 in turn has an absorption element 25 for kinetic energy of fragments of a compressor rotor in order to reduce the kinetic energy of the fragments in the event of damage, this absorption element 25 in FIG. 2 being an assembly with a frustoconical outer surface which is outside of the wall 24 of the suction pipe 23 is surrounded. This absorption element 25 serves to guide the flow of the charge air to be compressed and to reduce the kinetic energy of fragments of the compressor rotor 16 in the event of damage.

The absorption element 25 of Fig. 2 with the frustoconical outer surface tapers in the direction of the connection of the intake pipe 13 to the compressor housing serving flange 22. Fragments of the compressor rotor 16 and the insert 15, which counter to the flow direction of the charge air to be compressed in Fly in the direction of the system-specific pipeline, reach the jacket surface 25 of the absorption element 25 and deform it, so that the absorption element 25 then absorbs the kinetic energy of the fragments in a defined manner and catches the fragments.

A further embodiment is shown in FIG. 3, wherein in the variant of FIG. 3, in addition to the absorption element 25 with the frustoconical outer surface, a further absorption element 26 is present, which is designed as a ring structure with a honeycomb core 27. According to FIG. 3, the honeycomb core 27 is enclosed on the outside by a support structure 28 with a projection 29, the projection 29 serving to mount the absorption element 26 on the intake pipe. The ring structure with the honeycomb core 27 protrudes with a first section into the intake pipe 13, with an opposite section protrudes from the intake pipe 13 and with this section into the compressor not shown in FIG. 3, namely into the compressor housing of the same.

In the embodiment of FIG. 3, the absorption element 25 tapers with the frustoconical outer surface in such a way that the end of the absorption element 25 facing the absorption element 26 protrudes into the ring structure of the absorption element 26 or into the honeycomb core 27. According to the variant of FIG. 3, fragments of the compressor rotor 16, in the event of damage, also reach the honeycomb core 27, which can reduce the kinetic energy of the fragments by deformation thereof. The inside of the absorption element 25 also serves to guide the flow of charge air.

As already stated, the intake muffler 12 can also include means that provide containment protection for the exhaust gas turbocharger, which can therefore absorb kinetic energy from fragments of the compressor or compressor rotor in the event of damage.

4 shows a section of an intake silencer 12, with a front wall 30 of the intake silencer 12, a rear wall 31 of the intake silencer 12 and several plates 32 of the intake silencer 12 positioned between the front wall 30 and the rear wall 31 being shown in FIG are. The plates 32 serve as damping elements for sound absorption. The rear wall 31 faces the compressor of the exhaust gas turbocharger.

In the embodiment of FIG. 4, the rear wall 31 of the intake muffler 12 provides a first means of reducing kinetic energy from fragments of the compressor rotor 16 including the insert in the event of damage, the rear wall 31 being able to deform in a defined manner. The damping elements 32 can also reduce kinetic energy. Furthermore, the front wall 30 of the intake silencer 12 is deformable in order to reduce kinetic energy from fragments of the compressor rotor 16 in the event of damage to the same.

In Fig. 4, the plates 32 are positioned between the front wall 30 and the rear wall 31 of the intake muffler 12, these plates 32 extending substantially in the circumferential direction and radial direction and being spaced apart from one another in the axial direction. The plates 32 are mounted on a support element 33 extending in the axial direction.

The intake muffler 12 of FIG. 4 is designed as a sheet metal construction, the rear wall 31, the front wall 30 and the plates 32 of the same can advantageously absorb and reduce kinetic energy in the event of damage to the compressor.

Fig. 5 shows a further variant of an intake muffler 12 of an intake system for an exhaust gas turbocharger, and in the variant of FIG. 5 between the front wall 30 and the rear wall 31 of the intake muffler 12 plates or ribs 32 are positioned, which kinetic the degradation Serve energy. According to the variant of FIG. 5, a predetermined breaking point 34 is made in the rear wall 31 of the muffler, which is preferably designed as a circumferential groove in the rear wall 31 in order to specify a defined breaking of the rear wall 31 to reduce kinetic energy in the event of damage to the compressor rotor.

A further variant of an intake silencer 12 for an intake system according to the invention is shown in FIG. 6, with plates or ribs 32 also being positioned in FIG. 6 between the front wall 30 and the rear wall 31 of the intake silencer 12, which on the one hand guide the flow of the charge air to be compressed and on the other hand, in the event of damage, serve to reduce the kinetic energy of the insert and fragments of the compressor rotor. In contrast to the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 4 and 5, in the case of the intake silencer 12 of FIG. 6, these plates or ribs 32 extend in the axial direction and in the radial direction and are spaced from one another in the circumferential direction.

[0036] The invention provides effective containment protection or burst protection in the area of an intake system of an exhaust gas turbocharger. With the invention, older, already existing exhaust gas turbochargers used in the field can be retrofitted, namely by simply replacing an existing intake system with an intake system according to the invention via the flange connection 22, 36 between the intake pipe 13 of the intake system 10 and the spiral housing 14 of the compressor 11.

List of reference symbols

10 intake system 11 compressor 12 intake muffler 13 intake pipe 14 volute casing 15 insert 16 compressor rotor 17 section 18 absorption element / section 19 flange 20 flange 21 flange 21a section 21b section 22 flange 22a section 22b section 23 groove 24 wall 25 absorption element 26 absorption element 27 honeycomb core 28 Support structure 29 projection 30 front wall 31 rear wall 32 plate / rib 33 support element 34 predetermined breaking point 35 flange 36 flange 37 enveloping body 38 insulation material

Claims (13)

1.Suction system (10) for retrofitting an existing turbocharger, with an intake silencer (12) for sucking in charge air to be compressed and with an intake pipe (13) for guiding the charge air to be compressed from the intake silencer (12) towards a compressor (11) of the exhaust gas turbocharger, characterized in that the intake silencer (12) and / or the intake pipe (13) comprise means which, in the event of damage to the compressor, namely the compressor rotor, reduce kinetic energy from fragments of the compressor rotor and thus form containment protection. 2. Intake system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the intake silencer (12) has plates or ribs (32) which serve to guide the flow of the charge air to be compressed and, in the event of damage to the compressor, to reduce the kinetic energy of fragments of the compressor rotor. An intake system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the intake silencer (12) has a rear wall (31) with a predetermined breaking point (34). An intake system according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the intake silencer (12) has a deformable front wall (30). A suction system according to claims 2-4, characterized in that the plates or ribs are positioned between the front wall (30) and the rear wall (31). 6. Intake system according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the intake pipe (13) has at least one absorption element (18, 25, 26) which, on the one hand, guides the flow of the charge air to be compressed and, on the other hand, in the event of damage to the compressor, namely the compressor rotor, serves to reduce the kinetic energy of fragments of the compressor rotor. 7. An intake system according to claim 6, characterized in that the at least one absorption element (18, 25, 26) comprises an absorption element (25) which has a frustoconical outer surface and is surrounded on the outside by a wall (24) of the suction pipe, the frustoconical Outer surface preferably tapers in the direction of a flange (22) serving to connect the intake pipe (13) to a compressor housing. 8. An intake system according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the at least one absorption element (18, 25, 26) comprises an absorption element (26) which is designed as a ring structure with a honeycomb core (27) which with a first section into the intake pipe (13) protrudes and a second section can be protruded into the compressor. 9. An intake system according to claims 7 and 8, characterized in that the ring structure with the honeycomb core (27) of the absorption element (26) designed as a ring structure with a honeycomb core (27) has a first section on the absorption element (25) which is frustoconical Has lateral surface, connects. 10. Suction system according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the at least one absorption element (18, 25, 26) comprises an absorption element (18) which is designed as a bellows-like section of the suction pipe (13) which extends with a first end connects to a cylindrical section of the intake pipe and can be connected to the compressor with a second end. 11. An intake system according to claim 10, characterized in that the bellows-like section is formed by at least one circumferential groove (23) and / or several pocket-like recesses. 12. Intake system according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the intake pipe (13) has a flange (22) for connecting the intake system to the compressor, a predetermined breaking point being formed on this flange (22). 13. Exhaust gas turbocharger, with an intake system (10) for sucking in charge air to be compressed, with a turbine for expanding exhaust gas and for generating energy, and with a compressor (11) for compressing the charge air with the aid of the energy obtained in the turbine, wherein the turbine has a multi-part turbine housing and a turbine rotor positioned in the turbine housing, and wherein the compressor (11) has a multi-part compressor housing and a compressor rotor (16) positioned in the compressor housing and coupled to the turbine rotor, characterized in that the intake system (10) according to one of claims 1 to 12 is formed.