JP2017089620A - Intake system for turbocharger, and turbocharger - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a new type of intake system, and a turbocharger having the intake system.SOLUTION: An intake system (10) for a turbocharger comprises an intake silencer (12) for sucking charge air to be compressed, and an intake pipe (13) for directing the charge air to be compressed from the intake silencer (12) towards a compressor (11) of the turbocharger. The intake system (10) is formed as a retrofit unit. In the event of a failure of the compressor, the intake silencer (12) and/or the intake pipe (13) remove kinetic energy from fragments of the compressor and thus form containment protection.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The turbocharger includes a turbine and a compressor. The turbocharger turbine functions to expand the exhaust gas exiting the engine and extract energy during the expansion of the exhaust gas. The turbocharger compressor functions to compress the intake air supplied to the engine using the energy extracted in the turbine. Further, the turbocharger has an intake silencer for taking in the compressed supply air in the direction of the turbocharger compressor or an intake pipe having an intake pipe for guiding the compressed intake air from the intake element / silencer. Provide system.

  During operation of the turbocharger, for example, there is a risk that the compressor rotor may be damaged, and fragments of the compressor rotor may break through the compressor housing and jump into what surrounds the turbocharger. Similar defects can occur in the turbocharger turbine area. To take into account this problem, the turbine housing in the case of the compressor housing and, if applicable, the known turbocharger, is designed so that it is not necessary to anticipate defects in each housing, and the rotor Even if each ruptures, the pieces of the rotor do not pierce the housings. For this reason, on the one hand, the weight of the turbocharger is increased, and on the other hand, these measures are only adopted in newly designed turbochargers.

  On the other hand, existing legacy turbochargers cannot be redesigned, so these turbochargers do not have corresponding protection, so debris in the event of a defect can enter the enclosure. .

  From Patent Document 1, a solution is known that can protect even a conventional existing turbocharger in the event of a defect in which fragments of the turbocharger enter.

German Patent Application Publication No. 10 2013 013 571

  Starting here, the present invention is based on the object of forming a new type of intake system and a turbocharger comprising said intake system.

  This object is solved via an intake system according to claim 1. The intake system according to the invention is designed as a unit that can be integrated, the intake silencer and / or the intake pipe being provided with predetermined means, which cause defects in the compressor, i.e. the compressor rotor. The kinetic energy of the compressor debris is removed, thus forming a containment protection. The present invention first proposes to make use of an intake system assembly for a turbocharger, which according to the prior art exclusively sends the compressed charge to the direction of the turbocharger compressor. In addition, the intake silencer and / or the intake pipe of the intake system is provided with a predetermined means, and this means is provided to the compressor. If defects occur, kinetic energy is removed from the compressor rotor debris. In particular, existing legacy turbochargers may incorporate such intake systems to provide effective containment protection or burst protection for the turbocharger.

  According to an advantageous further development, the intake silencer comprises plates or ribs which, on the one hand, guide the flow of the compressed supply air, on the other hand the compressor is defective. It functions to remove the kinetic energy of the compressor rotor debris. Alternatively or preferably further, the intake silencer comprises a rear wall having a predetermined breaking point and / or a deformable front wall, wherein the plate or rib is located between the front wall and the rear wall and is axially or It extends in the circumferential direction. These means in the area of the intake silencer, alone or in combination with each other, allow burst protection or containment protection for the turbocharger, especially for incorporation into existing legacy turbochargers.

  According to a further advantageous further development, the intake pipe comprises at least one absorption element, which on the one hand guides the flow of the compressed charge air and on the other hand is defective in the compressor. It functions to remove the kinetic energy of the compressor rotor debris when it occurs. The absorption element has a frustoconical outer surface and is surrounded on the outside by the wall of the intake pipe, which preferably functions to connect the intake pipe to the compressor housing. It is tapered in the direction of the flange. The further absorption element can be designed as an annular structure with a honeycomb core, which protrudes into the intake pipe using the first part and protrudes into the compressor housing using the second part. Another absorption element can be designed as a bellows-like part of the wall of the intake pipe, which has a first end following the tubular part of the wall of the intake pipe and a second end at the compressor housing followed by. The intake pipe includes a flange for connecting the intake system to the compressor housing of the compressor, and the flange is preferably formed with a predetermined breaking point. These means provided in the area of the intake pipe likewise enable burst prevention or containment protection for the turbocharger, either alone or in combination with each other, in particular for assembling into existing legacy turbochargers.

  A turbocharger according to the present invention is defined in claim 13.

  Preferred further developments according to the invention result from the dependent claims and the following description. Without limiting to the drawings, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

It is sectional drawing which shows the form extracted through an exhaust-gas turbocharger in the area | region of the intake pipe in the intake system of a turbocharger. It is sectional drawing which shows the form extracted through another intake pipe in the intake system of a turbocharger. It is a figure which shows the intake pipe concerning the further expansion | deployment of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the form extracted via the intake silencer in the intake system of a turbocharger. It is sectional drawing which shows the form extracted through another intake silencer in the intake system of a turbocharger. It is a perspective view which shows the intake silencer in the intake system of a turbocharger.

  The present invention relates to a turbocharger. The turbocharger includes a turbine, a compressor, and an intake system. A turbine of a turbocharger includes a multi-part turbine housing having an inflow housing and an outflow housing preferentially, and a turbine rotor received in the turbine housing. The turbocharger compressor preferentially includes a multi-part compressor housing having a support housing, a spiral housing, and an insert piece attached to the spiral housing. Furthermore, the compressor comprises a compressor rotor received in the compressor housing, which is connected to the turbine rotor.

  In the turbine, energy is extracted during this process to expand the exhaust gas and compress the intake air in the region of the compressor. The turbocharger intake system functions to take in charge air that is compressed in the region of the compressor. Here, the intake system comprises an intake silencer or an intake pipe, through which the intake air sucked in is guided out of the intake element / silencer in the direction of the compressor. obtain.

  Those skilled in the art are familiar with the basic structure of a turbocharger.

  During operation of the turbocharger, there is a risk of damage to the compressor rotor, especially where the compressor rotor breaks through the compressor housing of the compressor and enters the surroundings of the compressor. This constitutes a rather dangerous possibility. Therefore, it is important to provide effective burst prevention or containment protection for turbochargers. This applies to existing legacy turbochargers that are already in use in the field. The present invention now relates to an intake system for a turbocharger, which can be used to provide effective containment protection or burst protection for the turbocharger, in particular the old already used turbocharger. Suitable for incorporation into chargers.

  In the context of the present invention, the intake system is designed as an integratable unit, the intake silencer and / or the intake pipe is provided with a predetermined means, which has caused a fault in the turbocharger compressor. In some cases, i.e., when a turbocharger compressor rotor is defective, kinetic energy is removed from the compressor rotor debris, thereby forming containment or burst protection.

  Various embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 1-6, and the embodiments or features shown in FIGS. 1-6 may be used in combination with each other.

  FIG. 1 shows a turbocharger excerpt in the area of an intake system 10 for a turbocharger, the intake system 10 taking in the compressed air supply and the compressed air supply to the compressor of the turbocharger. It functions to guide in 11 directions. The intake silencer 12 and the intake pipe 13 of the intake system 10 are partially shown in FIG. The intake silencer 12 functions to suck in the compressed supply air with low noise, and the intake pipe 13 guides this supply air that has exited from the intake silencer 12 in the direction of the compressor 11 of the turbocharger. Function. FIG. 1 shows a spiral casing 14 of the compressor 11 and an insert piece 15 attached to the spiral casing 14. Further, FIG. 1 shows a compressor rotor 16.

  In the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1, the intake pipe 13 is composed of a plurality of parts, which are positioned in the front-rear direction when viewed in the flow direction of the supply air, that is, the first part 17 is a cylinder. The part 18 continues directly to the intake silencer 12 with a wall and continues to the part 17 with a bellows-like wall as viewed in the flow direction of the supply air. According to FIG. 1, the portions 17, 18 of the intake pipe 13 are connected to each other using flanges 19, 20, which are joined together. Using the flange 21 which is located on the opposite side of the flange 19 and is composed of two portions 21a and 21b, the portion 17 of the intake pipe 13 has a cylindrical wall and is connected to the intake silencer 12, that is, the flange of the intake silencer. 35. Using the flange 22 located on the opposite side of the flange 20 and having two parts 22 a, 22 b, the part 18 of the intake pipe 13 is connected to the compressor 11, ie to the flange 36 of the spiral housing 14.

  In particular, when a defect occurs in the compressor rotor 16, the fragments of the compressor rotor ride on the so-called insert piece 15 against the flow direction of the compressed air supply, and the insert piece 15 and the spiral housing 14 are separated from each other. If there is a defect in the screw connection between them, the insert piece 15 moves in the direction of the bellows-like part 18 of the intake pipe 13, which deforms as a result of its bellows-like structure and compresses during processing. The kinetic energy is removed from the fragments of the machine rotor 16, that is, it functions as an absorption element related to the kinetic energy of the fragments.

  This screw connection between the insert piece 15 and the spiral housing 14 is formed using screws with stress shanks to remove kinetic energy from the fragments of the compressor rotor 16 using even plastic deformation of these screws. This reduces the specific energy removed from the intake system 10.

  The bellows-shaped portion 18 of the intake pipe 13 functioning as an absorption element therefore functions on the one hand to remove kinetic energy from the fragments of the compressor rotor 16 in the event of a defect in the compressor rotor, on the other hand. It functions to guide the flow of the compressed supply air coming out of the intake silencer 12 in the direction of the compressor 11 of the turbocharger. As described above, the two flanges 21 and 22 that function to connect the intake pipe 13 to the spiral casing 14 of the compressor 11 and the intake silencer 12 are separated from the portions 21a and 21b and 22a and 22b. As embodied in the part, the connection point between the portions 22a, 22b of the flange 22 forms a predetermined break point, which is a bellows when a defect occurs in the compressor, ie the compressor rotor 16. In order to be able to contract the portion 18 of the intake pipe 13 without resistance in order to remove the kinetic energy from the fragments of the compressor, ie the compressor rotor 16, it breaks.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the bellows-like structure of the portion 18 of the intake pipe 13 is provided by at least one circumferential groove 23 in the wall of the portion 18 and / or by a plurality of pocket-like recesses in the wall. Can be formed. The portion 18 is preferably made from a material that ensures good deformation of the portion 18 in the event of a compressor failure, preferably a ductile metal material. Portion 18 can likewise be manufactured from a rubber-like material. In the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1, the intake pipe 13 comprises an absorbing element for kinetic energy that removes the kinetic energy of the compressor rotor debris if the compressor rotor is defective, and the parts are similarly , Function to guide the flow of supply air.

  An enclosure 37 extends between the flanges 21 and 22 of the intake pipe 13. The enclosure surrounds the portions 17 and 18 of the intake pipe 13 on the outside, and the enclosure 37 and the portion 17 of the intake pipe 13. , 18 is an insulating material 38.

  FIG. 2 likewise shows the intake pipe 13 of the intake system of the turbocharger, the flange 21 of the intake pipe 13 can be attached to the plant pipeline, and the flange 22 is connected to the compressor 11, in particular the compressor. It can be attached to 11 spiral housings 14. The intake pipe 13 includes a cylindrical wall 24 extending between the flanges 21 and 22. The intake pipe 13 in turn comprises an absorption element 25 for the kinetic energy of the fragments of the compressor rotor in order to remove the kinetic energy of the fragments in the event of a defect in the compressor rotor. In FIG. Is an assembly whose outer surface is frustoconical and whose outer side is surrounded by the wall 24 of the intake pipe 13. The absorption element 25 functions to guide the flow of the compressed supply air and to remove kinetic energy from the fragments of the compressor rotor 16 if the compressor rotor is defective.

  The absorption element 25 of FIG. 2 has a frustoconical outer surface and tapers in the direction of the flange 22, which functions to connect the intake pipe 13 to the compressor housing. Fragments of the compressor rotor 16 and the insert piece 15 fly against the flow direction of the supply air compressed in the direction of the plant pipeline, ride on the outer surface 25 of the absorption element 25, deform the outer surface, Then, the absorption element 25 absorbs the kinetic energy of the fragments in a predetermined manner and captures the fragments.

  FIG. 3 shows a further configuration, in which in the version of FIG. 3 there is an additional absorbent element 26 in addition to the absorbent element 25 whose outer surface is frustoconical, this additional absorbent element comprising a honeycomb core 27. It is embodied as an annular structure having According to FIG. 3, the honeycomb core 27 is surrounded by a support structure 28 having projections 29 on the outside, and the projections 29 function to assemble the absorption element 26 to the intake pipe. The annular structure having the honeycomb core 27 protrudes, the first part is in the intake pipe 13, and the part located on the opposite side of the first part protrudes from the intake pipe 13, and the above part is , In a compressor not shown in FIG. 3, ie in the compressor housing of the compressor.

  In the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 3, the absorption element 25 whose outer surface is frustoconical is the end of the absorption element 25 facing the absorption element 26 in the annular structure of the absorption element 26 or in the honeycomb core 27. It is tapered so as to protrude. According to the version of FIG. 3, the fragments of the compressor rotor 16 likewise ride on the honeycomb core 27 when the compressor rotor is defective, and the honeycomb core is deformed by deforming the honeycomb core. Can remove the kinetic energy of. Similarly, the absorbing element 25 functions to guide the flow of the supply air.

  As mentioned above, the intake silencer 12 may also comprise means for providing containment protection for the turbocharger, so that this means the compression when a compressor or compressor rotor is defective. May absorb the kinetic energy of the machine or compressor rotor debris.

  Therefore, FIG. 4 shows an excerpt of the intake silencer 12, and FIG. 4 shows the front wall 30 of the intake silencer 12, the rear wall 31 of the intake silencer 12, and the front wall 30 and the rear wall 31. And a plurality of plates 32 of the intake silencer 12 located in FIG. The plate 32 functions as an attenuation element for sound attenuation. The rear wall 31 faces the compressor of the turbocharger.

  In the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 4, the rear wall 31 of the intake silencer 12 provides a first means of removing kinetic energy from fragments of the compressor rotor 16, including insert pieces, when the compressor rotor is defective. The rear wall 31 can be deformed in a predetermined manner. The damping element 32 can likewise remove kinetic energy. Further, the front wall 30 of the intake silencer 12 can be deformed to remove the kinetic energy of the fragments of the compressor rotor 16 if the compressor rotor is defective.

  In FIG. 4, the plates 32 are located between the front wall 30 and the rear wall 31 of the intake silencer 12, and these plates 32 extend in the circumferential direction and the radial direction and are separated from each other in the axial direction. Yes. In this case, the plate 32 is attached to a support element 33 extending in the axial direction.

  The intake silencer 12 of FIG. 4 is embodied as a sheet-like metal structure, and the rear wall 31, front wall 30 and plate 32 of the intake silencer are advantageously in the event of a compressor failure. Can absorb and remove kinetic energy.

  FIG. 5 shows a further version of the intake silencer 12 according to the intake system for the turbocharger, in which the plates or ribs 32 are likewise the front and rear walls 30 and 31 of the intake silencer 12. And functions to remove kinetic energy. According to the version of FIG. 5, a predetermined break point 34 is introduced into the rear wall 31 of the silencer, preferably when the compressor is defective in order to remove kinetic energy. In order to preset a predetermined break there, it is formed as a circumferential groove in the rear wall 31.

  A further version of the intake silencer 12 for an intake system according to the present invention is shown in FIG. 6, in which the plate or rib 32 is likewise between the front wall 30 and the rear wall 31 of the intake silencer 12. And, on the one hand, serves to guide the flow of the compressed supply air and, on the other hand, to remove the kinetic energy of the insert pieces and of the compressor rotor pieces in the event of a defect. Unlike the exemplary embodiment of FIGS. 4 and 5, these plates or ribs 32 extend axially and radially in the case of the intake silencer 12 of FIG. 6 and are spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction. Yes.

  The present invention provides effective containment or burst protection in the area of turbocharger intake systems. In particular, traditional existing turbochargers used in the field are simply existing via flange connections 22, 36 between the intake pipe 13 of the intake system 10 and the spiral housing 14 of the compressor 11. The present invention can be incorporated by replacing the intake system with an intake system according to the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Intake system 11 Compressor 12 Intake silencer 13 Intake pipe 14 Swirl case 15 Insert piece 16 Compressor rotor 17 Part 18 Absorbing element / Part 19 Flange 20 Flange 21 Flange 21a Part 21b Part 22 Flange 22a Part 22b Part 23 Groove 24 Wall 25 Absorbing element 26 Absorbing element 27 Honeycomb 28 Support structure 29 Projection 30 Front wall 31 Rear wall 32 Plate / rib 33 Support element 34 Predetermined breaking point 35 Flange 36 Flange 37 Enclosure 38 Insulating material

Claims (13)

An intake system (10) for a turbocharger,
An intake silencer (12) for inhaling compressed air supply;
An intake pipe (13) for guiding the compressed supply air from the intake silencer (12) in the direction of the turbocharger compressor (11);
Have
The intake system (10) is formed as a unit that can be incorporated,
The intake silencer (12) and / or the intake pipe (13) removes kinetic energy from the compressor debris in the event of a defect in the compressor, thereby forming a containment protection Intake system characterized by. The intake silencer (12) comprises a plate or rib (32);
The plates or ribs function on the one hand to guide the flow of the compressed supply air and on the other hand to remove kinetic energy from the compressor debris if the compressor is defective. The intake system according to claim 1.   Intake system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the intake silencer (12) comprises a rear wall (31) having a predetermined breaking point (34).   The intake system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the intake silencer (12) comprises a deformable front wall (30).   5. Intake system according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the plate or rib is located between the front wall (30) and the rear wall (31). The intake pipe (13) comprises at least one absorption element (18, 25, 26);
The absorption element functions on the one hand to guide the flow of the compressed supply air and on the other hand to remove kinetic energy from the compressor debris if the compressor is defective. The intake system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: The absorbing element (25) has a frustoconical outer surface and surrounds the wall (24) of the intake pipe from the outside;
7. The frustoconical outer surface is tapered in the direction of a flange (22) that functions to connect the intake pipe (13) to a compressor housing. Intake system. The absorbent element (26) is formed as an annular structure having a honeycomb core (27);
The intake system according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the absorption element has a first part protruding into the intake pipe (13) and a second part protruding into the compressor.   9. The annular structure having the honeycomb core (27), wherein the outer surface continues to the absorbing element (25) having a frustoconical shape using the first portion. The described intake system.   The absorption element (18) is formed as a bellows-like part of the intake pipe (13), the intake pipe has a first end following the cylindrical part of the intake pipe, and a second part is the compression part 9. Intake system according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that it follows the machine.   11. Intake system according to claim 10, characterized in that the bellows-like part (18) is formed by at least one circumferential groove (23) and / or a plurality of pocket-like recesses. The intake pipe (13) comprises a flange (22) for connecting the intake system to the compressor;
The intake system according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the flange (22) is formed with a predetermined breaking point. An intake system (10) for inhaling compressed air supply;
A turbine for expanding exhaust gas and for extracting energy;
A compressor (11) for compressing supply air using energy extracted by the turbine;
With
The turbine comprises a multi-part turbine housing and a turbine rotor positioned within the turbine housing;
The compressor (11) comprises a multi-part compressor housing; and a compressor rotor (16) positioned within the compressor housing and coupled to the turbine rotor;
A turbocharger, characterized in that the intake system (10) is an intake system according to any one of the preceding claims.

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