DE102015014550A1 - Intake system for an exhaust gas turbocharger and turbocharger - Google Patents

Abstract

An intake system (10) for an exhaust gas turbocharger, comprising an intake silencer (12) for intake charge air to be compressed and an intake pipe (13) for directing the charge air to be compressed from the intake silencer (12) towards a compressor (11) of the exhaust gas turbocharger the intake system (10) is designed as a retrofittable unit, and wherein the intake silencer (12) and / or the intake pipe (13) comprise means which, in the event of damage to the compressor, reduce kinetic energy from fragments of the compressor and thus form containment protection.

Description

The invention relates to an intake system for an exhaust gas turbocharger and an exhaust gas turbocharger.

An exhaust gas turbocharger has a turbine and a compressor. The turbine of the exhaust gas turbocharger serves for the expansion of exhaust gas leaving an engine and the recovery of energy during the expansion of the exhaust gas. The compressor of an exhaust gas turbocharger serves to compress the charge air to be supplied to the engine by means of the energy obtained in the turbine. Furthermore, an exhaust-gas turbocharger has an intake system with an intake silencer for intake charge air to be compressed or with an intake pipe for directing the charge air to be compressed from the intake element / silencer in the direction of a compressor of the exhaust-gas turbocharger.

During operation of an exhaust gas turbocharger, there is the risk that, for example, the compressor rotor breaks and fragments of the compressor rotor penetrate the compressor housing and fly into the surroundings of the exhaust gas turbocharger. A similar damage event can also occur in the area of the turbine of the exhaust gas turbocharger. In order to take this problem into account, the compressor housing and possibly the turbine housing is designed in such a way that damage of the respective housing is not to be expected and even when breaking the respective rotor fragments of the same housing can not penetrate in known from practice exhaust gas turbochargers. As a result, however, on the one hand the weight of the exhaust gas turbocharger is increased, on the other hand, these measures can only be used in newly designed exhaust gas turbochargers.

Existing, older exhaust gas turbochargers, however, can not be redesigned, so that they have no corresponding protection and therefore can reach fragments in the event of damage to the environment.

From the DE 10 2013 013 571 A1 is known a solution with which even older, existing exhaust gas turbocharger in case of damage can be protected so that fragments of the same do not get into the environment. For this purpose, it is proposed that the compressor housing and / or the turbine housing is at least partially enveloped by at least one metal ring fabric.

On this basis, the present invention has the object to provide a novel intake system for an exhaust gas turbocharger and an exhaust gas turbocharger with such an intake system.

This object is achieved by an intake system according to claim 1. The intake system according to the invention is designed as a retrofittable unit, wherein the intake silencer and / or the intake manifold comprise means which, in the event of damage to the compressor, namely the compressor rotor, reduce kinetic energy of fragments thereof and thus form a containment protection. The present invention proposes for the first time to use assemblies of an intake system for an exhaust gas turbocharger, which in the prior art exclusively serve to guide charge air to be compressed in the direction of the compressor of the exhaust gas turbocharger, in addition to containment protection or bursting protection, by in that the intake silencer and / or the intake manifold of the intake system comprise means which, in the event of damage to the compressor, reduce kinetic energy of fragments of the compressor rotor. In particular, existing, older exhaust gas turbochargers can be retrofitted with such an intake system in order to provide effective burst protection or containment protection for the same.

According to an advantageous development of the intake silencer plates or ribs, on the one hand serve the flow of the charge air to be compressed and on the other hand, in the event of damage to the compressor degradation of kinetic energy of fragments of the compressor rotor. Alternatively or preferably in addition, the intake silencer has a rear wall with a predetermined breaking point and / or a deformable front wall, wherein the plates or ribs are positioned between the front wall and the rear wall and extend in the axial direction or circumferential direction. These means in the region of the intake silencer alone or in combination with one another allow effective burst protection or containment protection for exhaust gas turbochargers, in particular for retrofitting existing, older exhaust gas turbochargers.

According to a further advantageous development, the intake pipe has at least one absorption element, which serves on the one hand the flow guidance of the charge air to be compressed and on the other hand, in the event of damage to the compressor, the degradation of kinetic energy of fragments of the compressor rotor. An absorption element has a frustoconical lateral surface and is surrounded on the outside by a wall of the intake pipe, the frustoconical lateral surface preferably tapering in the direction of a flange serving to connect the intake pipe to a compressor housing. A further absorption element may be formed as a ring structure with honeycomb core, which projects with a first portion in the intake manifold and with a second portion in the compressor housing. Another absorbent element can be used as a bellows-like section of the Be formed wall of the intake pipe, which connects with a first end to a cylindrical portion of the wall of the intake pipe and with a second end to a compressor housing. The intake pipe has a flange for connecting the intake system to the compressor housing of the compressor, wherein a predetermined breaking point is preferably formed on this flange. These means provided in the region of the intake pipe, alone or in combination with one another, also allow the provision of effective burst protection or containment protection, preferably for retrofitting existing, older exhaust gas turbochargers.

The exhaust gas turbocharger according to the invention is defined in claim 13.

Preferred embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the description below. Embodiments of the invention will be described, without being limited thereto, with reference to the drawings.

Showing:

1 : A section through a cross section through an exhaust gas turbocharger in the region of an intake pipe of an intake system of the exhaust gas turbocharger;

2 a sectioned cross section through another intake manifold of an intake system of the exhaust gas turbocharger;

3 : a development of the intake pipe of the 2 ;

4 : A partial cross section through an intake silencer of an intake system of the exhaust gas turbocharger;

5 : A partial cross section through another intake silencer of an intake system of the exhaust gas turbocharger;

6 : A perspective view of an intake silencer of an intake system of the exhaust gas turbocharger.

The invention relates to an exhaust gas turbocharger. An exhaust gas turbocharger has a turbine, a compressor and an intake system. The turbine of the exhaust gas turbocharger has a preferably multi-part turbine housing with a Zuströmgehäuse and a discharge housing and a recorded in the turbine housing turbine rotor. The compressor of the exhaust gas turbocharger comprises a preferably multi-part compressor housing with a bearing housing, spiral housing and an insert mounted on the spiral housing. Further, the compressor has a compressor rotor housed in the compressor housing, which is coupled to the turbine rotor.

In the turbine, exhaust gas is expanded and thereby used energy used to compress charge air in the area of the compressor. The intake system of the exhaust gas turbocharger serves to suck in the charge air to be compressed in the area of the compressor. In this case, the intake system comprises an intake silencer or an intake pipe, via which the intake charge air can be conducted starting from the intake element / silencer in the direction of the compressor.

This basic structure of an exhaust gas turbocharger is familiar to the person skilled in the art.

In the operation of an exhaust gas turbocharger, there is a risk that in particular the compressor rotor breaks and fragments thereof penetrate the compressor housing of the compressor and get into the environment thereof. This represents a considerable hazard potential. It is therefore important to provide effective burst protection or containment protection for an exhaust gas turbocharger. This applies in particular to existing, older turbochargers that are already in use in the field. The present invention now relates to an intake system for an exhaust gas turbocharger, with which an effective containment protection or burst protection for an exhaust gas turbocharger can be provided, and which is particularly suitable for retrofitting older, already used exhaust gas turbocharger.

According to the invention, the intake system is designed as a retrofittable unit, wherein the intake silencer and / or the intake manifold comprise means which, in the event of damage to the compressor of the exhaust gas turbocharger, namely in the event of damage to the compressor rotor of the same, reduce kinetic energy of fragments of the compressor rotor and thus a containment protection or form bursting protection.

The following is with reference to 1 to 6 to various embodiments of the invention, wherein the in 1 to 6 shown embodiments or features can be used in any combination with each other.

1 shows a section of an exhaust gas turbocharger in the region of an intake system 10 the exhaust gas turbocharger, the intake system 10 the suction of charge air to be compressed and the directing of the charge air to be compressed in the direction on a compressor 11 the exhaust gas turbocharger serves. From the intake system 10 are in 1 in sections, an intake silencer 12 as well as an intake pipe 13 shown. The intake silencer 12 serves the low-noise intake of charge air to be compressed, wherein the intake pipe 13 conducting this charge air starting from the intake silencer 12 towards the compressor 11 the exhaust gas turbocharger serves. From the compressor 11 is in 1 a spiral housing 14 and one on the spiral housing 14 mounted insert 15 shown. Further shows 1 a compressor rotor 16 ,

In the embodiment of 1 is the intake pipe 13 seen in the flow direction of the charge air successively positioned positioned portions, namely from a directly to the intake silencer 12 subsequent first section 17 with a cylindrical wall and seen in the flow direction of the charge air to this section 17 subsequent section 18 with a bellows-like wall. The sections 17 . 18 the intake pipe 13 are according to 1 over contiguous flanges 19 . 20 connected with each other. About one the flange 19 opposite flange 21 that made the two sections 21a . 21b is the section 17 the intake pipe 13 with the cylindrical wall on the intake silencer 12 attached, namely to a flange 35 thereof. About one the flange 20 opposite flange 22 with the two sections 22a . 22b is the section 18 the intake pipe 13 to the compressor 11 namely a flange 36 of the volute casing 14 tethered.

Then, if in case of damage to the compressor rotor 16 Fragments of the same against the flow direction of the charge air to be compressed on the so-called insert 15 arrive, moves the insert 15 in case of failure of a screw connection between insert 15 and volute casing 14 towards the bellows section 18 the intake pipe 13 , which deforms due to its bellows-like structure and thereby kinetic energy of fragments of the compressor rotor 16 degrades, so serves as an absorption element for the kinetic energy of the fragments.

This screw connection between insert 15 and volute casing 14 can be formed by screws with expansion shank, already to a plastic deformation of these screws kinetic energy of fragments of the compressor rotor 16 and thus the energy that comes from the intake system 10 is to reduce.

The serving as an absorption element, bellows-like section 18 the intake pipe 13 therefore, on the one hand serves to reduce the kinetic energy of fragments of the compressor rotor 16 in case of damage of the same and on the other hand, the flow of the charge air to be compressed starting from the intake silencer 12 towards the compressor 11 the exhaust gas turbocharger. As already stated, the two flanges 21 . 22 connecting the intake pipe 13 to the spiral housing 14 of the compressor 11 as well as to the intake silencer 12 serve, in several parts from the sections 21a . 21b respectively. 22a . 22b executed, with the junction between the sections 22a . 22b of the flange 22 forms a predetermined breaking point, in the event of damage to the compressor, namely the compressor rotor 16 , breaks, to a bellows-like deformation, namely compression, of the section 18 the intake pipe 13 for reducing kinetic energy of fragments of the compressor, namely the compressor rotor 16 to allow unrestricted.

The bellows-like structure of the section 18 the intake pipe 13 can either, as in 1 shown by at least one circumferential groove 23 in the wall of the section 18 and / or be formed by a plurality of pocket-like recesses in this wall. The section 18 is preferably made of a material which has a good deformability of the section 18 ensured in the event of damage to the compressor, preferably made of a ductile, metallic material. The section 18 can also be made of a rubber-like material. In the embodiment of 1 therefore comprises the intake pipe 13 as absorption element for kinetic energy, which in the event of damage to the compressor rotor kinetic energy of fragments of the same degrades, the section 18 , which also serves the flow guidance of the charge air.

Between the flanges 21 . 22 the intake pipe 13 extends an enveloping body 37 who has the sections 17 . 18 the intake pipe 13 surrounds outside, being between the enveloping body 37 and the sections 17 . 18 the intake pipe 13 an insulating material 38 is positioned.

2 also shows an intake pipe 13 an intake system for an exhaust gas turbocharger, wherein the intake pipe 13 with a flange 21 to the plant-specific pipeline and with a flange 22 to the compressor 11 , in particular the spiral housing 14 the same, is mountable. The intake pipe 13 has a cylindrical wall 24 extending between the flanges 21 . 22 extends. The intake pipe 13 again has an absorption element 25 for kinetic energy of fragments of a compressor rotor, in order to break down the same kinetic energy of the fragments in the event of damage, being in 2 in this absorption element 25 is an assembly with a frusto-conical surface, outside of the wall 24 the intake pipe 23 is surrounded. This absorption element 25 serves to guide the flow of the charge air to be compressed and the reduction of kinetic energy of fragments of the compressor rotor 16 in case of damage same.

The absorption element 25 of the 2 with the frustoconical lateral surface tapers in the direction of the connection of the intake pipe 13 to the compressor housing serving flange 22 , Fragments of the compressor rotor 16 and the insert 15 , which fly counter to the flow direction of the charge air to be compressed in the direction of the plant-specific pipeline, reach the lateral surface 25 of the absorption element 25 and deform the same, so that then the absorption element 25 absorbs the kinetic energy of the debris and catches the debris.

Another embodiment shows 3 , where in the variant of 3 in addition to the absorption element 25 with the frustoconical lateral surface another absorption element 26 is present, which as a ring structure with a honeycomb core 27 is executed. According to 3 becomes the honeycomb core 27 outside of a supporting structure 28 with a lead 29 enclosed, the projection 29 the assembly of the absorption element 26 on the intake pipe is used. The ring structure with the honeycomb core 27 protrudes with a first section in the intake pipe 13 into it, with an opposite section protrudes from the intake pipe 13 out and with this section in the in 3 not shown compressor, namely the same in the compressor housing into it.

In the embodiment of 3 the absorption element tapers 25 with the frustoconical surface such that the absorption element 26 facing the end of the absorption element 25 in the ring structure of the absorption element 26 or in the honeycomb core 27 protrudes. After the variant of 3 get fragments of the compressor rotor 16 in case of damage same also on the honeycomb core 27 , which can reduce the kinetic energy of the fragments by deformation thereof. The absorption element 25 Inside also serves the flow guidance of charge air.

As already stated, also the intake silencer 12 Include means that provide a containment protection for the exhaust gas turbocharger, so that can absorb the same kinetic energy of fragments of the compressor or compressor rotor in case of damage.

So shows 4 a section of an intake silencer 12 , where in 4 a front wall 30 the intake silencer 12 , a back wall 31 the intake silencer 12 as well as several between the front wall 30 and the back wall 31 positioned plates 32 the intake silencer 12 are shown. The plates 32 serve as damping elements of the sound attenuation. The back wall 31 is facing the compressor of the exhaust gas turbocharger.

In the embodiment of 4 represents the back wall 31 the intake silencer 12 a first means for reducing kinetic energy of fragments of the compressor rotor 16 including the insert in the event of damage of the same ready, the rear wall 31 can deform deformed. Likewise, the damping elements 32 reduce kinetic energy. Furthermore, the front wall 30 the intake silencer 12 deformable to kinetic energy of fragments of the compressor rotor 16 in the event of damage of the same dismantle.

In 4 are the plates 32 between the front wall 30 and the back wall 31 the intake silencer 12 positioned, with these plates 32 extend substantially in the circumferential direction and radial direction and are spaced apart in the axial direction. The plates 32 are doing on a support member extending in the axial direction 33 assembled.

The intake silencer 12 of the 4 is designed as a sheet metal construction, with the rear wall 31 , the front wall 30 and the plates 32 the same kinetic energy in the event of damage to the compressor can absorb and reduce advantageous.

5 shows a further variant of a suction muffler 12 an intake system for an exhaust gas turbocharger, wherein also in the variant of 5 between the front wall 30 and the back wall 31 the intake silencer 12 Plates or ribs 32 are positioned, which serve the degradation of kinetic energy. After the variant of 5 is in the back wall 31 the muffler a breaking point 34 introduced, preferably as a circumferential groove in the rear wall 31 is formed to here in the event of damage to the compressor rotor a defined breaking the rear wall 31 to predicate kinetic energy.

Another variant of an intake silencer 12 for an inventive intake system shows 6 , where also in 6 between the front wall 30 and the back wall 31 the intake silencer 12 Plates or ribs 32 are positioned, on the one hand, the flow guidance of the charge air to be compressed and on the other hand serve in case of damage, the degradation of kinetic energy of the insert and of fragments of the compressor rotor. In contrast to the embodiments of the 4 and 5 extend at the intake silencer 12 of the 6 these plates or ribs 32 in the axial direction and in the radial direction and are spaced apart in the circumferential direction.

The invention provides an effective containment protection or burst protection in the area of an intake system of an exhaust gas turbocharger. With the invention, in particular older, existing, used in the field exhaust gas turbocharger can be retrofitted, namely by simply replacing an existing intake system with an intake system according to the invention via the flange 22 . 36 between the intake pipe 13 of the intake system 10 and the volute casing 14 of the compressor 11 ,

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

intake system

11

compressor

12

intake silencer

13

intake

14

volute

15

insert

16

compressor rotor

17

section

18

Absorber / Section

19

flange

20

flange

21

flange

21a

section

21b

section

22

flange

22a

section

22b

section

23

groove

24

wall

25

absorbing element

26

absorbing element

27

honeycomb core

28

supporting structure

29

head Start

30

front wall

31

rear wall

32

Plate / fin

33

supporting member

34

Breaking point

35

flange

36

flange

37

enveloping body

38

insulation

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102013013571 A1 [0005]

Claims (13)

Intake system ( 10 ) for an exhaust gas turbocharger, with an intake silencer ( 12 ) for the intake of charge air to be compressed and with an intake pipe ( 13 ) for directing the charge air to be compressed from the intake silencer ( 12 ) in the direction of a compressor ( 11 ) of the exhaust gas turbocharger, characterized in that the intake system ( 10 ) is designed as a retrofittable unit, wherein the intake silencer ( 12 ) and / or the intake pipe ( 13 ) Comprise means which, in the event of damage to the compressor, reduce kinetic energy from fragments of the compressor and thus form containment protection. Intake system according to claim 1, characterized in that the intake silencer ( 12 ) Plates or ribs ( 32 ), on the one hand serve the flow guidance of the charge air to be compressed and on the other hand, in the event of damage to the compressor, the degradation of kinetic energy of fragments of the compressor. Intake system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the intake silencer ( 12 ) a back wall ( 31 ) with a predetermined breaking point ( 34 ) having. Intake system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the intake silencer ( 12 ) a deformable front wall ( 30 ) having. Intake system according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the plates or ribs between the front wall ( 30 ) and the back wall ( 31 ) are positioned. Intake system according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the intake pipe ( 13 ) at least one absorption element ( 18 . 25 . 26 ), which serves on the one hand, the flow guidance of the charge air to be compressed and on the other hand, in the event of damage to the compressor, the degradation of kinetic energy of fragments of the compressor. Intake system according to claim 6, characterized in that an absorption element ( 25 ) has a frustoconical surface and outside of a wall ( 24 ) of the intake pipe is surrounded, wherein the frusto-conical outer surface preferably in the direction of one of the connection of the intake pipe ( 13 ) to a compressor housing flange ( 22 ) rejuvenated. Intake system according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that an absorption element ( 26 ) as a ring structure with a honeycomb core ( 27 ) formed with a first portion in the intake pipe ( 13 ) and projects with a second section in the compressor. Intake system according to claim 7 and 8, characterized in that the ring structure with the honeycomb core ( 27 ) with a first section to the absorption element ( 25 ) with the frusto-conical lateral surface connects. Intake system according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that an absorption element ( 18 ) as a bellows-like portion of the intake pipe ( 13 ) is formed, which connects with a first end to a cylindrical portion of the intake pipe and with a second end to the compressor. Intake system according to claim 10, characterized in that the bellows-like portion ( 18 ) by at least one circumferential groove ( 23 ) and / or a plurality of pocket-like recesses is formed. Intake system according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the intake pipe ( 13 ) a flange ( 22 ) for connecting the intake system to the compressor, wherein on this flange ( 22 ) A predetermined breaking point is formed. Exhaust gas turbocharger, with an intake system ( 10 ) for the intake of charge air to be compressed, with a turbine for the expansion of exhaust gas and for the production of energy, and with a compressor ( 11 ) for compressing the charge air with the aid of the energy obtained in the turbine, the turbine having a multi-part turbine housing and a turbine rotor positioned in the turbine housing, and the compressor ( 11 ) a multi-part compressor housing and a compressor rotor positioned in the compressor housing and coupled to the turbine rotor ( 16 ), characterized in that the intake system ( 10 ) is designed according to one of claims 1 to 12.

Images