CH683625A5 - Boot washing appts. with rotary brush - which is driven by pressurised water and wetted by nozzles - Google Patents

Abstract

The insulating lining structure (10) is used in a building foundation or walls. It is reinforced with a square mesh (24) made of steel rods holding a hexagonal wire mesh (22) holding corrugated insulating paper (14). The rod reinforcement and the wire mesh may support wall plaster which can come in contact with the paper and can conform to the folds (18) of the corrugations. Layers of corrugated paper may be separated by smooth inner layers (16). The lining structure may be used for a floor, resting on a series of wooden joists. USE/ADVANTAGE - Simple and effective heat insulating lining for building foundations, floors or walls.

Description

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description

The invention relates to a flat insert for underlays, plasters or components to increase the mechanical strength, improve the insulation and prevent shrinkage cracks. The invention further relates to uses of the insert.

Floor substructures, especially in residential buildings, usually have a complicated, multilayer structure. This is primarily a consequence of the building physics requirements for sound and heat insulation. Because of the impact sound insulation, underlay floors in residential buildings are designed to be floating, they lie on a soft elastic layer, for example made of mineral fiber boards or specially soft plastics. The usually cement-bound sub-floor consists of sand, cement and water. Water evaporates from the sub-floor during curing. Shrinkage cracks can occur due to the associated decrease in volume.

Not only raw floors, but also walls and ceilings are usually covered with coverings, claddings and / or plasters. There are three main reasons for this:

- The building or its inhabitants should be given protection against weathering, heat and cold, noise immissions and other damaging effects.

- The building, which is often unsightly when raw, is to be embellished.

- Bumps should be leveled out.

Coverings, claddings and / or plasters of the most varied types are known to the person skilled in the art, for example the laying of panels on a level underlay or covering or the application of a plurality of plaster layers lying one above the other.

Commercial and industrial buildings and small buildings in particular are increasingly being manufactured from prefabricated building boards, which only need to be assembled on the construction site. The necessary openings, for example for doors and windows, can already be left out of these elements.

EP, A1 0 438 799 discloses an insulating multi-layer plaster which is applied to a supporting grate with external, nailable vertical battens. At least one air-permeable corrugated paper with horizontally running folds and a wire mesh are applied to this battens over the entire surface. The seamless and seamless plaster on the surface to be cladded consists of an internal vapor-permeable cement layer, a base plaster and a structurable top plaster. Between the building wall and corrugated paper, at least in the area between the vertical battens, there is an intermediate space filled with an air cushion, which can also be filled with insulation material.

The inventor has set himself the task of creating a flat insert of the type mentioned, which in particular with regard to increasing the mechanical strength and the

Prevention of shrinkage cracks should open up new perspectives in a wide range of applications.

With regard to the product, the object is achieved according to the invention in that the insert consists of at least one layer of air-permeable, absorbent corrugated paper, wire mesh and reinforcing mesh, which are connected to one another. Special and further embodiments are the subject of dependent claims.

The term “plaster” here and below also includes coverings on walls and ceilings which are suitable for applying further layers, for example tiles, wallpaper and the like. For example, the term "components" means Building boards, ornaments and small buildings built on the spot.

Reinforcement nets give the insert mechanical inherent strength. The reinforcement nets can be single-layered, overlapping in the edge zones. The mechanical inherent strength is increased by

- Multilayered reinforcement networks, and / or

- Integrated reinforcement bars, which preferably extend over the entire length of the connected reinforcement networks.

The required mechanical inherent strength of the reinforcement nets results from the intended use. With underlay floors, for example, this inherent strength is generally lower than with a rear-ventilated plaster without a load-bearing base or with a load-bearing building board.

The reinforcement nets that are common during concreting are also suitable for the insert according to the invention. They usually have a square grid with, for example, about 10 cm side length and bars with about 3 mm diameter.

The wire mesh used is preferably hexagonal as usual and is also called Rabitz by a person skilled in the art. A standardized mesh size of around 19 mm has proven to be optimal. The mesh size must not be too small, because otherwise the passage of the damp building material to the corrugated paper could be impeded.

Corrugated paper, of course corrugated paper is also understood to mean corrugated cardboard, has several advantages:

- It forms a support surface for the applied, damp building material, which is not undesirable in a room, e.g. ventilation can penetrate. When applied vertically or at an angle, the horizontal folds of the corrugated paper prevent the applied material from sagging.

- The corrugated paper with external folds keeps the Rabitz at a distance, the applied, damp building material can pass through the wire mesh and absorb the Rabitz. In the case of smooth paper, the Rabitz lies directly on the base and cannot be backfilled and taken up by the building material.

- The absorbent corrugated paper serves as a moisture storage during the drying phase and protects the applied building material, in particular-

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re in direct sunlight, against rapid loss of moisture. The corrugated paper helps prevent shrinkage cracks. This is done in cooperation with the reinforcing mesh, which is particularly effective against larger shrinkage cracks, and the wire mesh that prevents smaller shrinkage cracks.

- During the application of the first layer of damp building material in a vertical or inclined position and later, the flexible corrugated paper does not tear, which would be the case with smooth paper, for example.

According to a first variant, corrugated paper, wire mesh and reinforcing net can be connected to one another by means of fastening means on a base, for example by hammering in hooks, hooks and the like. This is the case, for example, when fastening to vertical battens in accordance with EP, A1 0 438 799.

According to a further variant, corrugated paper and wire mesh can be connected to one another over the entire surface, while the reinforcement network is not or only partially connected to the wire mesh and corrugated paper or to the base. In the event of unevenness in worn-out wooden floors, for example, wire mesh and corrugated paper can be connected to the entire surface of the underlay, while the reinforcement net can only be applied.

When attaching a underlay or plaster, the corrugated paper is always arranged directly on the underlay, the wire mesh above it and the reinforcing mesh extremely. Both the corrugated paper as well as the wire mesh and the reinforcement network can be formed in one or more layers, overlapping or arranged in an abutting manner.

Thanks to the mechanical inherent strength of the insert, existing unevenness in floors, walls and ceilings can be compensated and, for example, curves can be created in the case of walls by stretching the reinforcement net and thus the entire insert.

An insert for components, for example building panels for walls or ceilings, is preferably constructed as follows:

An inner layer of at least one layer of corrugated paper, with folds exposed to the outside,

- Wire mesh arranged on both sides, in each case at least one layer, and

- Reinforcement mesh attached at least on one side, each with one or more layers.

Prefabricated building boards have a core layer made of the above insert or two such inserts in the surface area, in the first case the insert preferably having reinforcement nets arranged on both sides, in the second case reinforcement nets arranged on one side are also sufficient.

In small buildings, for example in garden houses and animal stables, the inserts mentioned can also be stretched as a core layer in a frame and covered on both sides by pulling on or starting up damp, plaster-like building material.

The insulation effect of the corrugated paper can be improved by embedding insulation material between at least two layers of corrugated paper, for example insulation mats or foamed plastic sheets or a corresponding granulate.

A steam or moisture barrier is expediently installed after damp rooms. For this purpose, a metal foil, in particular an aluminum foil, is placed against a corrugated paper.

Since the inserted metal foil is perforated by fastening means and / or binding wires when the insert is tied together and / or when it is fastened to a base, the aluminum foil is preferably coated on both sides with an elastic plastic. On the one hand, this prevents cracks in the film and, on the other hand, largely seals off the resulting holes.

The insert according to the invention can essentially be used in combination with all moist, brushable or flowable building materials which are well known to the person skilled in the art and which set by drying out. Newer, environmentally friendly building materials such as are known, for example, from WO-A1 90/01 468 and EP-A1 0 490 813 are also suitable.

A building material with clay and sawdust or another organic, moisture-absorbing fine fraction absorbs water and, like corrugated paper, acts as a moisture store.

Any mixed-in, particulate foam material based on ceramic or glass can probably absorb some water, but quickly releases this to the moisture-absorbing substances mentioned. This results in an unexpectedly high thermal and acoustic damping capacity.

In the basic structure of the damp building material, clay can be at least partially replaced by rock wool.

According to the invention, the following variants are distinguished from the wide range of uses:

- renovation of uneven, worn wooden floors with a underfloor floating on the corrugated paper,

- manufacture of prefabricated building boards for walls and ceilings,

- Production of walls for small buildings or underlay floors on wooden beams.

- Production of grotto-like garden houses and ornaments, e.g. Fountains, flower boxes, etc.

The invention is explained in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing, which are also the subject of dependent claims. They show schematically:

1 shows a partial cross section of an insert for components,

2 is a top view of FIG. 1,

3 shows a partial cross section through an insert with plaster attached to a base,

4 shows a partial cross section through a building board with an insert,

- Fig. 5 is a partial vertical section through a renovated wooden floor, and

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- Fig. 6 is a partial vertical section through a floor with an insert.

An insert 10 for components 12 (FIG. 4) in the form of building boards or for only partially lying underlay floors comprises a core with four corrugated paper webs 14. These corrugated papers 14 are glued to a smooth inner layer 16 on one side, the folds remain on the other side 18 open. The two inner corrugated papers 14, which may also be missing, are placed one inside the other with the folds 18. Between two peripheral corrugated paper webs 14, an aluminum foil 20 coated on both sides with plastic is inserted, which acts as a vapor or moisture barrier.

A wire mesh 22 is placed on both sides of the folds 18 of the corrugated paper 14. A reinforcement net 24 is also arranged on both sides, which limits the insert 10 to the outside.

According to variants which are not shown in FIG. 1 but which are easy to imagine, the metal foil 20 can be omitted, a different number of corrugated paper webs 14 inserted, several wire meshes and / or reinforcement nets laid one on top of the other, the armouring net (s) 24 omitted on one side or over one Reinforcement mesh should be drawn a wire mesh again.

The corrugated paper 14, the wire meshes 22 and the reinforcement nets 24 are bound together by means not shown, known to the person skilled in the art, for example with wires or metal strips.

The folds 18 of the corrugated paper are visible in FIG. The hexagonal wire mesh 22 is placed over it, which in the present case has a mesh size of approximately 19 mm. At the top, according to FIG. 1, the reinforcement network 24 is arranged. In the lower area of FIG. 2, a rod of the reinforcement net 24 is connected to a concrete iron 26, which has a mechanically reinforcing effect and serves to bind several reinforcement networks 24 together.

In Fig. 3, the insert 10, consisting of a layer of corrugated paper 14, a wire mesh 22 and a reinforcing net 24, is attached to a vertical batten 28 of a double batten, not shown.

The smooth inner layer 16 and the folds 18 of the corrugated paper web 14 are fastened to the vertical slat 28 with Bostitch clips 30.

The wire mesh 22 is also fastened to the double battens with hook pins 32, the hook pins 32 also being able to reach through the corrugated paper web 14 and to replace the Bostitch clips 30.

The reinforcement net 24, not visible, is also fastened to the vertical battens 28 with suitable hook pins or clasps. Of course, the welipapaper 14, wire mesh 22 and reinforcing net 24 can be fastened using the same mechanical means.

A basic plaster 35 is applied to the innermost layer of a plaster with respect to the vertical battens 28, the cement plaster 34, which has passed through the wire mesh 22, the rabitz, and lies on the folds 18 of the corrugated paper 14.

According to a variant, the reinforcement net 24 can also be in the base plaster 35.

A building board 12 according to FIG. 4 consists of an insert 10 which, in addition to an insulation layer 36, essentially contains the components shown in FIG. 1. The insert 10 of the prefabricated building board 12 is covered on both sides with layers of several centimeters thick made from a common building material 38, which must have the required mechanical strength properties and the other building physics and building chemistry values.

5, corrugated paper 14 is placed over the entire surface and held down with a wire mesh 22 or its fastening means, for example with hook pins 32 (FIG. 3). An applied reinforcement net 24 has sufficient strength so that it does not sink into the bulge in the floor 40. After pouring or applying a flowable or spreadable building material, a floating sub-floor 42 is created. The hardened mass 42 is not only horizontal and smooth, but also mechanically firm thanks to the inserted reinforcing net 24, even with a resilient floor 40. An otherwise usual Cracking or even crumbling of the underbody can be avoided.

After the application of an adhesive 44, platelets 46 can be placed on them, which are kept at a distance by joint cement 48 in the plate layer.

A sub-floor 42 according to FIG. 5 does not trigger shrinkage cracks in the panel covering, provided the sub-floor has been able to cure long enough.

According to the embodiment of FIG. 6, an insert 10 according to FIG. 1 is placed on wooden beams 50 of a ceiling. The reinforcement nets 24 provide sufficient strength for the application of the flowable or spreadable mass for a sub-floor 42. The latter hardens completely after several days. The plates 46 can be glued on according to FIG. 5.

A visible panel 52 made of wood paneling is mounted in the area between the bars in such a way that the bars 50 remain uncovered. The cavities between the beams 50, the visible ceiling 52 and the inserts are filled with an insulation material 54, for example made of rock wool, clay granulate, rock wool plaster and / or lightweight concrete. Stone wool plaster consists of rock wool, cement and water, it can also meet high requirements with regard to impact sound insulation.

Claims (11)

Claims 1. Flat insert (10) for underlay floors (42), plasters (34, 35) or components (12) to increase the mechanical strength, improve the insulation and prevent shrinkage cracks, characterized in that the insert (10) from at least one layer each of air-permeable, absorbent corrugated paper (14), wire mesh (22) and reinforcing mesh (24), which are connected to one another. 5 10th 15 20th 25th 30th 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 7 CH 683 625 A5 2. Insert (10) according to claim 1 for underlay floors (42) or plasters (34, 35), characterized in that corrugated paper (14) with folds (18), wire mesh (22) and reinforcing mesh open in the direction of the wire mesh (22) (24) are connected to one another by means of fastening means (30, 32) on a base (28, 50). 3. insert (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least corrugated paper (14) and wire mesh (22) are connected to each other over the entire surface. 4. insert (10) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the corrugated paper (14) on the base (28, 50), then the wire mesh (22) and outside the reinforcing mesh (24) are arranged. 5. insert (10) according to claim 4 for plasters (34, 35), characterized in that the folds (18) of or in the direction of the wire mesh (22) outermost corrugated paper (14) run horizontally. 6. Insert (10) according to claim 1 for building boards (12), characterized in that it consists of corrugated paper (14) inserted inward with internal folds open on both sides (18), wire mesh placed on both sides and extremely preferably arranged on both sides Reinforcement network (24). 7. insert (10) according to claim 6, characterized in that at least the reinforcing nets (24) are attached to a frame. 8. insert (10) according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that an insulation layer (36) is preferably arranged between two corrugated paper layers (14). 9. insert (10) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a metal foil (20), preferably an aluminum foil coated with elastic plastic, is arranged as a vapor barrier against a corrugated paper (14). 10. Use of an insert (10) according to one of claims 1 to 5 and 9 for the renovation of uneven wooden floors (40) with a on the corrugated paper (14) floating sub-floor (42). 11. Use of an insert (10) according to one of claims 1 and 6 to 9 for the production of prefabricated building boards (12), decorative items, walls for small buildings or of sub-floors (42) on beams (50). 5 10th 15 20th 25th 30th 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 5