US2071454A - Insulating lath material - Google Patents

Description

Feb 23, 1937.

.E. D. CODDINGTON 2,671,454

INSULATING LATH MATERIAL Filed July 9, 1954 2 Sheets-Sheet l Feb. 23, 1937. CODDINGTON 2,071,454

INSULATING LATH MATERIAL Filed July 9, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheetv 2 Patented Feb. 23,, 1937 Edwin D. Coddington,

to Reynolds Metals Company, a corporation of lllelaware Milwaukee, Wis, assignor New York, N. lY.,

Application duly 9, 1934, Serial No. 734,270

is" Claims.

This invention has to do with a material for lathing walls preparatory to applying plaster or stucco thereto and has to do with an improved structure for such material and for such walls.

Among the objects of the invention are an improved lath material or plaster base in sheet form; a new, economical and convenient lathing material or plaster base; a lathing material or plaster base having the insulating properties of 10 air cells and bright metal surfaces or either of them; an improved wall construction; and an unique insulation for walls.

Other objects of the invention will appear from v the description of the invention which follows.

Lathing 'materials or plaster bases in sheet form heretofore have been used but they were adapted to be used or intended to provide either reflective or air cell insulation or a combination or the two for the walls in which they were used. Such materials were not water-proof or verminproof. Such earlier structures were liable to shrink or warp and were not particularly well suited for saving time and labor in installation.

The structure herein described overcomes all of these difficulties. Such structure consists of the parts and arrangement particularly set out hereinafter and illustrated in the several figures appearing in the sheets of drawings appended hereto.

in said drawings:

Figure 1 is a perspective view, from one side, oi a section oi a sheet of the improved plaster base in place in a wall and partly coveredwith plaster;

Figure 2 is a perspective view from the other side of the section of the sheet shown in Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a section taken on Figure 1;

Figure 4 is a modified form of plaster base 40 shown in vertical cross-section; and

Figure 5 is another modified form of plaster base shown in vertical cross-section.

' Like reference characters are used to designate similar parts in the drawings as scrlption of the invention which follows.

in Figure 1, that side of the sheet lathing to which plaster is applied is illustrated. Such lathing is a combination of sheets of suitable paper stock or other material, bracing wires, ribs, foil and fastening means. Sheetv it may and dense paper or some similar material, which latter, if so desired, may be chosen for greater resistance to burning. The iront side l2 of sheet ill is such that wet plaster 55 will adhere to it. Ordinary paper surfaces free fill this requirement. Threaded through the sheet ii and spaced (generally) rods or wires on The rods or iii of steel or other suitable metal. wires it pass fro face to face oi? not use as of and in the dethe sheet ii and are substantially that, as indicated in the drawings,

straight, so the sheet ii is given a wavy form, with the axis of each wave lying at right angles to the wires 53.

On the front side 52 of the sheet ii and in the hollows of the waves formed by the wires l3 in the sheet and between the wires 43 and the sheet i 8, are metal ribs i i of a cross section that may be substantially V-shaped, as indicated in the drawings. Ribs i i in the form shown may be of galvanized iron or steel and pass from side to side of each sheet of lathing. Where ribs I l pass under the wires it they may be Welded to the wires as at points l5 and it. Such welding may be electrical.

If desired, the ribs it may be of other form than the V-shaped cross section shown, but such V-shape is economical and well adapted to the form. of the groove in which the ribs id lie and has been found well suited to the purpose. In the former lathing shown, there is a rib it in every other hollow. Greater strength may be provided a very light sheet could be made by spacing both wires l3 and ribs l l farther apart. The proportions illustrated have been found suitable for ordinary use.

The waves in the sheet il in one commercial,

form of the invention measure about two inches irom crest to crest. The wires are passed through the slopes of the waves substantially at the point midway between crest and hollow, though as a general rule more wire-is exposed in the hollows occupied by the ribs i i than in the hollows on the back of sheet ii.

At the back of sheet H is a attached as by an adhesive or otherwise to the backwardly extending crests l8 0')? sheet M. .The second sheet ll does not follow the waves of sheet ill but is substantially fiat, so that the hollow of sheet it when it is regarded from its rear, forms with sheet M air pockets Neither the wires i3 nor the ribs i l contact the. H which forms a continuous sealin layer at the back of the lathing material. The dead air spaces or cells it, especially when the enclosing surfaces are covered with avert transfers of heat. t On the exposed side 28 of sheet ii there is a sheet of polished metal foil 2!. If desired, the polished or bright surface of foil 2i may be supplied by painting or spraying surface it with metallic paint or other material. It is believed that metal foil and particularly aluminum foil gives the brightest, most lasting, and most efiicient reflective surface. The foil it may be of tin or zinc or other metal, but aluminum foil combines the qualities of great reflectivity, lightness, and long life to the polished side thereof and thus has-been found to be highly satisfactory. Such aluminum by placing a rib it in every hollow, or

or cells l9.

bright metal,

foil retains its reflectivity over an indefinite period in the present structure.

When the highest insulating characteristics are desired, in addition to the foil 2| applied to the exposed side 20 of sheet H, the opposite and enclosed side of sheet I! is covered with foil sheet 22, and also if desired, the back of sheet Il may have a foil coating 23, as shown in Fig. 4. A sheet of foil or foil covered paper Ila may be inserted between sheets II and H to divide each air cell IS. The insulating qualities of the lathing material are excellent without the added dividing sheet and even when the foil coatings 22 and 23 are omitted.

vWhen a lighter and cheaper, but not quite so efficient insulating lathing material is desired, the second sheet I l is omitted and foil or other bright metal surface 23a is provided on the back side of sheet I l as indicated in Fig. 5. When the lathing material is applied in a structure in such position that there is no air space between the back side 20 of sheet I! and the adjacent material of such structure, the foil coating 2| on the back side 20 may be omitted. The foil is then applied to one or both of the interior surfaces of the air cells in the manner of sheets 22 and 23, as indicated in Fig. 4. Such a structure may be useful when it is desired to apply an adhesive material between sheet I! and the wall to which it is applied.

The lathing I0 is applied to an ordinary wall structure by nailing to the studding 24. The lathing is positioned with the wires I3 running vertically and the ribs l4 horizontally. This particular method of attachment may be varied to suit a particular case, but this arrangement is highly satisfactory. The metal coated face 20 of sheet H, or the sheet of foil at the back of sheet II in the lighter form is towards an open space in the wall. Fastening of the sheet to the studding is had by driving nails 25 through the center of each rib i4 and into each studding piece. Care should be taken not to unnecessarily flatten the ribs during the nailing process. Each rib l4 should be fastened by a nail to each studding piece that it crosses. On the opposite side of the studding may be another layer of lathing sheet so that there are provided opposed faces of bright metal, adding heat insulating efliciency. If the lath ing is using where it would not be faced by other sheets of the same material, the openings between the studding members may be provided with other suitable means of insulation. It is desirable to maintain an air space adjacent the bright metal face of the lathing, because otherwise the insulating effect of the bright metal may be reduced or lost. The insertion of sheets of foil, either crumpled or flat, into the wall space will not disturb this air space and will provide an extraordinarily eflicient insulation when used in conjunction with this lathing.

After the lathing is fastened to the studding, plaster 26 is applied to the lathing. The plaster is laid against the surface l2 of sheet ll so that it spreads into all the crevices and'under the wires 13 and the edges of the ribs H in the lathing.

It is clear that these anchorages for the plaster,

together with the holding effect of the uncoated face I 2 of the paper, will maintain the plaster firmly in place. If the attachment of the first coat of plaster is had in this way, the plastering may be done in any suitable way according to the requirements of the case. There should always be a suflicient body of plaster. Care should be taken to allow enough time for hardening and drying. Such time will be longer than that required for lathing which is open on the back because the back of this improved. lathing is air proof and waterproof.

Where a corner is to be plastered, the lathing may be placed so as to meet edge to edge at the corner, or the sheets may be bent, as around a straight edge, to fit into the corner, thusstrengthening the corner and insuring the plaster against cracking. A bend in the lathing should be at right angles to the ribs.

For ease in handling, the sheets of lathing may be made of selected sizes as, for instance, about four feet by two and a half or three feet. It is treme dimensions of a sheet to cover an area four feet by two and one half feet would be forty-eight and three-quarter inches by thirtyone inches. The extra inch or fraction of an inch allows for an overlap between sheets while maintaining the effective dimensions in even feet and simple fractions thereof, so that the sheets will fit readily onto walls as they are now customarily built. The sheets of lathing may be cut with a tinners ordinary shears, and in cutting a proper allowance must be made for overlap.

The recommended arrangement for applying the sheets to a wall is to run the horizontal laps in straight lines and to stagger the vertical laps, so that there will not be a straight line of overlap across a wall parallel to floor or ceiling. The tendency to form transverse cracks thus will be avoided. Where the sheets come to a window frame they may be cut to allow about a halfinch extra which is bent outwardly and then fastened. Where the wall sheets run into the ceiling sheets, the top round of wall sheets may be cut so as to allow a rather wide turnover onto the ceiling. The application should proceed from the fioor to the ceiling and the ceiling sheets be put on over the wide turnover of the wall sheets.

Outside stucco or any other finish that may be applied in like manner may be spread over these improvedlathing sheets. Wherever the lathing sheets are used they provide a waterproof, verminproof, light, economical and convenient base for plaster or stucco and an eificient insulation against heat and cold. The welded cross bracing they supply adds greatly to the strength of the wall.

As pointed out asbestos or other fibrous material may be used as a base in place of the paper shown. It should be treated that it may be readily coated with bright metal and take plaster. While the invention has been described in connection with what is believed to be its principal utility as a ground or base for plastic material, obviously the sheets when provided with the heatrefiective coating as described above may be utilized without having plaster applied thereto solely for its insulating effect. The term plaster base", lathing and the like used throughout the specification and claims are employed simply for convenience and are not to be regarded as limiting the scope of the invention.

What is claimed as new and is desired to be secured by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. A plaster base material comprising a sheet of fibrous material, a plurality of spaced wires each intersecting said fibrous material at a plurality of points, ribs between said wires and said sheet, and a coating of bright metal on one face of said sheet.

ment of a layer of plaster, the supporting por- 2. A plaster base material comprising a sheet of fibrous material covered on one side with bright metal, a plurality of spaced wires each intersecting said sheet of fibrous material at a plurality of points, and metal ribs at the uncovered side of said sheet and between said sheet and said wires and at right angles to said wires.

3. A plaster base material comprising a corrugated sheet of heavy paper, a plurality of wires at right angles to said corrugations and each intersecting said paper at each side of each of said corrugations, metal ribs in the troughs of said corrugations at one side of said sheet of paper and between said paper and said wires, a second sheet of paper at the face of said first sheet away from said ribs and forming air cells with said first sheet, and a coat of bright metal on one of said sheets.

4. A plaster base material comprising sheets of fibrous material back to back, a plurality of spaced wires each intersecting one of said sheets of fibrous material at a plurality of points, ribs between said wires and said'sheet on the face thereof away from the other sheet of fibrous material, and a coating of bright metal on said other sheet of fibrous material.

5. A wall structure comprising studding members having spaces therebetween, a sheet of corrugated plaster base material coated on one side with bright metal and attached to said' studding members with the bright metal coat facing the openings between said studding members, and

plaster applied to the uncoated side of said lath material.

6. A wall structure comprising studding members having spaces therebetween, a sheet of corrugated lath material coated on one side with bright metal and attached to said studding members with said bright metal coat facing the openings between said studding members, a plurality of wires at right angles to said corrugations and each intersecting said corrugated material at a plurality of points, metal ribs in selected troughs of said corrugated material and betwen said material and said wires, and plaster upon the face of said lath material away from said studding members and anchored in place by said wires and said ribs.

7. A plaster base material comprising two sheets of paper or the like, one of said sheets providing a substantially plain fiat surface and the other sheet being corrugated to provide air cells between said sheets, there being a coating of bright metallic foil upon the faces of said sheets defining said air cells.

8. As an article of manufacture, fabricated lathing material for use in building construction and comprising sheet material, a bright metallic coating on one side of said sheet material, and a plaster supporting reenforcing means of metal having exposed plaster engaging parts on the side of said material away from the bright metallic coating.

9. As an article of manufacture, fabricated plaster backing material for use in building construction and comprising fibrous sheet material, a bright metallic coating on one side of said sheet material, and a plaster supporting reenforcing means of metal having sections spaced from said sheet material to facilitate the attachtion of said reenforcing means being on the side of the sheet material away from said bright metallic coating.

10. A wall construction comprising studding members having spaces therebetween, lathing material attached thereto and comprising sheet material, a bright metallic coating on said sheet material on the side toward said studding and facing the spaces between said studding members, plaster supporting metal reenforcing means having portions thereof spaced from said sheet material at the side thereof away from said studding, and a coating of plaster upon said sheet material and about said spaced away portions of said reenforcing means.

11. A plaster base comprising a corrugated sheet of fibrous material, a coating of bright metal on one side of said sheet, and plaster retaining reenforcing members afiixed to said sheet and extending transversely of the corrugations for maintaining the corrugations therein.

12. As an article of manufacture, fabricated lathing material for use in building construction and comprising sheet material, a bright metallic coating on one side of said sheet material, and a plaster supporting reinforcing means of metal having exposed plaster engaging parts on the side of said material away from the bright metallic coating, said sheet material and bright metallic coating being in the form of substantially parallel hills and valleys and the material being adapted for incorporation into a wall construction with the hills and valleys extending horizontally so as to provide resistance to heat losses due to convection.

13. A wall structure comprising supporting members, plaster anchorage means overlying a plurality of said supporting members and secured thereto with their rear surfaces facing hollow wall spaces, the rear surface of each sheet being substantially completely covered with a heat reflecting medium which is in the form of a plurality of substantially horizontally arranged hills and valleys.

14. A plaster base comprising a corrugated sheet of fibrous material, a coating of bright metal on one side of said sheet, plaster-retaining reinforcing means for said sheet, said plaster-retaining reinforcing means comprising a series of metal elements extending between the hills a spaced distance from their crests and bridging the valleys of the corrugations, and trough-shaped metal ribs disposed between the elements and the bottoms of certain of the valleys upon one side of the sheet only.

'15. As an article of manufacture, fabricated lathing material for use in building construction and comprising sheet material presenting a bright metal surface on at least one of its sides and a plaster supporting reinforcing means of metal having exposed plaster engaging parts on one side of said material, said sheet material being in the form of substantially parallel hills and valleys and the material being adapted for incorporation into a wall construction with the hills and valleys extending horizontally so as to provide resistance-to heat losses due to convection.

EDWIN D. CODDINGTON.

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