| US2944118A
              (en)
            
            * |  | 1960-07-05 |  | Binaural phonograph pickup | 
        
          | US2719929A
              (en)
            
            * |  | 1955-10-04 |  | brown | 
        
          | US2719928A
              (en)
            
            * |  | 1955-10-04 |  | baerwald | 
        
          | US2769867A
              (en)
            
            * | 1947-02-07 | 1956-11-06 | Sonotone Corp | Dielectrostrictive signal and energy transducers | 
        
          | US2639324A
              (en)
            
            * | 1948-04-29 | 1953-05-19 | Rca Corp | Tuned inductive coupling system | 
        
          | NL86929C
              (en0)
            
            * | 1948-06-12 |  |  |  | 
        
          | NL87557C
              (en0)
            
            * | 1948-12-28 |  |  |  | 
        
          | US2640889A
              (en)
            
            * | 1949-05-17 | 1953-06-02 | Zenith Radio Corp | Piezoelectric transducer | 
        
          | US2756353A
              (en)
            
            * | 1950-04-10 | 1956-07-24 | Gen Electric | Bender-mode piezoelectric device and method of making the same | 
        
          | US2714708A
              (en)
            
            * | 1950-05-12 | 1955-08-02 | Gulton Mfg Corp | Delay lines | 
        
          | US2711515A
              (en)
            
            * | 1950-09-29 | 1955-06-21 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Delay line | 
        
          | US2716708A
              (en)
            
            * | 1950-11-17 | 1955-08-30 | Nat Res Dev | Apparatus for launching ultrasonic waves | 
        
          | US2774892A
              (en)
            
            * | 1951-05-29 | 1956-12-18 | Bendix Aviat Corp | Annular vibrator with lumped loading | 
        
          | NL86434C
              (en0)
            
            * | 1951-04-27 |  |  |  | 
        
          | US2778881A
              (en)
            
            * | 1951-08-03 | 1957-01-22 | Gulton Ind Inc | Microphone | 
        
          | GB717222A
              (en)
            
            * | 1951-10-08 | 1954-10-20 | Bendix Aviat Corp | Improvements in or relating to transducers having an adjustable electrical impedance | 
        
          | US2628156A
              (en)
            
            * | 1951-10-24 | 1953-02-10 | Nat Lead Co | Optically glass-like material | 
        
          | US2735024A
              (en)
            
            * | 1951-10-27 | 1956-02-14 |  | Kulcsar | 
        
          | NL172335B
              (nl)
            
            * | 1951-11-01 |  | Wavin Bv | Weekmakervrij polyvinylchloridebuisdeel. | 
        
          | BE515191A
              (en0)
            
            * | 1951-12-14 |  |  |  | 
        
          | US2787520A
              (en)
            
            * | 1952-03-07 | 1957-04-02 | California Research Corp | Process for producing piezoelectric transducers | 
        
          | US2928068A
              (en)
            
            * | 1952-03-25 | 1960-03-08 | Gen Electric | Compressional wave transducer and method of making the same | 
        
          | DE952476C
              (de)
            
            * | 1952-09-19 | 1956-11-15 | Siemens Ag | Biegeschwinger auf zwei miteinander verbundenen polarisierten Barium-Titanat-Keramikplatten | 
        
          | DE1044478B
              (de)
            
            * | 1952-09-19 | 1958-11-20 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zum Betrieb eines piezoelektrischen rohrfoermigen Biegeschwingers | 
        
          | US2902545A
              (en)
            
            * | 1952-10-30 | 1959-09-01 | Gen Electric | Shear type piezo-electric device | 
        
          | NL97163C
              (en0)
            
            * | 1953-03-04 |  |  |  | 
        
          | US2906973A
              (en)
            
            * | 1953-04-29 | 1959-09-29 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Electrostrictive ceramics comprising a principal component of barium titanate | 
        
          | US2864013A
              (en)
            
            * | 1953-06-29 | 1958-12-09 | Electro Voice | Sensitive strain responsive transducer and method of construction | 
        
          | US2836737A
              (en)
            
            * | 1953-07-20 | 1958-05-27 | Electric Machinery Mfg Co | Piezoelectric transducer | 
        
          | US2788454A
              (en)
            
            * | 1953-08-10 | 1957-04-09 | Clevite Corp | Electromechanical transducer element | 
        
          | US2721182A
              (en)
            
            * | 1953-09-21 | 1955-10-18 | Csf | New piezo-electric ceramic material and process for making it | 
        
          | US2795709A
              (en)
            
            * | 1953-12-21 | 1957-06-11 | Bendix Aviat Corp | Electroplated ceramic rings | 
        
          | US2878451A
              (en)
            
            * | 1954-03-25 | 1959-03-17 | Mackay Radio & Telegraph Co | Piezolelectric resonator | 
        
          | US2875355A
              (en)
            
            * | 1954-05-24 | 1959-02-24 | Gulton Ind Inc | Ultrasonic zone plate focusing transducer | 
        
          | DE1234276B
              (de)
            
            * | 1954-06-29 | 1967-02-16 | Gen Electric | Piezoelektrische Transformations-Anordnung mit einem aus vorpolarisiertem ferroelektrischem Werkstoff bestehenden Schwingkoerper | 
        
          | US2940035A
              (en)
            
            * | 1955-02-14 | 1960-06-07 | Gulton Ind Inc | Electrical component of ceramic combined with resistor applied to the surface thereof | 
        
          | NL99293C
              (en0)
            
            * | 1955-02-16 |  |  |  | 
        
          | US2944117A
              (en)
            
            * | 1955-06-20 | 1960-07-05 | Erie Resistor Corp | Bender type piezoelectric transducer | 
        
          | US2830204A
              (en)
            
            * | 1955-07-01 | 1958-04-08 | Harris Transducer Corp | Linear mechanical oscillator circuit element transducer | 
        
          | US2848672A
              (en)
            
            * | 1955-07-26 | 1958-08-19 | Harris Transducer Corp | Self-excited transducer | 
        
          | US3030527A
              (en)
            
            * | 1955-08-08 | 1962-04-17 | Stewart Warner Corp | Piezo-electric power source assembly | 
        
          | US3071841A
              (en)
            
            * | 1957-02-16 | 1963-01-08 | Philips Corp | Method of longitudinally pre-polarizing bodies consisting of at least one layer of piezoelectric material | 
        
          | US3175107A
              (en)
            
            * | 1957-02-16 | 1965-03-23 | Philips Corp | Piezoelectric transducer with longitudinal polarization | 
        
          | US3115588A
              (en)
            
            * | 1958-02-05 | 1963-12-24 | Raytheon Co | Electroacoustical apparatus | 
        
          | NL110623C
              (en0)
            
            * | 1958-02-10 |  |  |  | 
        
          | NL236717A
              (en0)
            
            * | 1958-03-03 |  |  |  | 
        
          | NL237700A
              (en0)
            
            * | 1958-04-02 |  |  |  | 
        
          | US3101421A
              (en)
            
            * | 1959-07-06 | 1963-08-20 | Acoustica Associates Inc | Elastic wave vibrator | 
        
          | US3165651A
              (en)
            
            * | 1959-12-01 | 1965-01-12 | Rudolf H Bechmann | Piezoelectric crystal apparatus | 
        
          | NL261168A
              (en0)
            
            * | 1960-03-07 |  |  |  | 
        
          | US3448348A
              (en)
            
            * | 1965-03-05 | 1969-06-03 | Ford Motor Co | Transducer utilizing electrically polarizable material | 
        
          | US3355603A
              (en)
            
            * | 1965-04-13 | 1967-11-28 | Zeiss Jena Veb Carl | Hollow bodies of electrostrictive material | 
        
          | US3325780A
              (en)
            
            * | 1965-10-21 | 1967-06-13 | John J Horan | Flexural transducers | 
        
          | US3374367A
              (en)
            
            * | 1966-01-21 | 1968-03-19 | John V. Cowan | Electroacoustic transducers | 
        
          | US3376572A
              (en)
            
            * | 1966-09-15 | 1968-04-02 | Rca Corp | Electroacoustic wave shaping device | 
        
          | DE1591330B2
              (de)
            
            * | 1966-09-30 | 1972-05-25 | Nippon Electric Co. Ltd., Tokio | Piezoelektrischer biegeschwinger | 
        
          | US3430316A
              (en)
            
            * | 1967-05-23 | 1969-03-04 | Motorola Inc | Method for polarizing piezoelectric material | 
        
          | US3523200A
              (en)
            
            * | 1968-02-28 | 1970-08-04 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Surface wave piezoelectric resonator | 
        
          | US3487239A
              (en)
            
            * | 1968-12-10 | 1969-12-30 | Motorola Inc | Piezoelectric transformer | 
        
          | US3543058A
              (en)
            
            * | 1969-11-10 | 1970-11-24 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Piezoelectric transducer | 
        
          | US3786373A
              (en)
            
            * | 1971-10-01 | 1974-01-15 | Raytheon Co | Temperature compensated acoustic surface wave device | 
        
          | US3900748A
              (en)
            
            * | 1972-01-31 | 1975-08-19 | Zenith Radio Corp | Torsional ceramic transducer | 
        
          | USRE29113E
              (en)
            
            * | 1972-04-19 | 1977-01-11 | Rca Corporation | Triangular piezoelectric transducer for recording video information | 
        
          | GB1439594A
              (en)
            
            * | 1972-04-19 | 1976-06-16 | Rca Corp | Cutterhead assembly for signal recording | 
        
          | JPS49131088A
              (en0)
            
            * | 1973-04-16 | 1974-12-16 | Suwa Seikosha Kk |  | 
        
          | US3877308A
              (en)
            
            * | 1974-01-02 | 1975-04-15 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Pyroelectric temperature compensated sensing apparatus | 
        
          | JPS5423271Y2
              (en0)
            
            * | 1974-02-19 | 1979-08-10 |  |  | 
        
          | JPS5423269Y2
              (en0)
            
            * | 1974-02-19 | 1979-08-10 |  |  | 
        
          | JPS50110333U
              (en0)
            
            * | 1974-02-19 | 1975-09-09 |  |  | 
        
          | GB1463995A
              (en)
            
            * | 1974-03-12 | 1977-02-09 | Rion Co | Piezoelectric ignition device | 
        
          | US3940974A
              (en)
            
            * | 1974-05-06 | 1976-03-02 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Electrically compensated sensor | 
        
          | JPS5330226Y2
              (en0)
            
            * | 1977-08-18 | 1978-07-28 |  |  | 
        
          | US4491761A
              (en) | 1981-12-28 | 1985-01-01 | United Technologies Corporation | Planar piezoelectric deflector with arrays of alternate piezoelectric effect | 
        
          | JPS612376A
              (ja)
            
            * | 1984-06-14 | 1986-01-08 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | シ−ト状圧電体 | 
        
          | JPH0660896B2
              (ja)
            
            * | 1984-11-02 | 1994-08-10 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 超音波探触子 | 
        
          | GB2191909B
              (en)
            
            * | 1986-06-19 | 1989-12-20 | Plessey Co Plc | Acoustic transducer | 
        
          | US4825227A
              (en)
            
            * | 1988-02-29 | 1989-04-25 | Spectra, Inc. | Shear mode transducer for ink jet systems | 
        
          | DE69026765T2
              (de)
            
            * | 1989-07-11 | 1996-10-24 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Einen piezoelektrischen/elektrostriktiven Film enthaltende piezoelektrischer/elektrostriktiver Antrieb | 
        
          | JP2886588B2
              (ja)
            
            * | 1989-07-11 | 1999-04-26 | 日本碍子株式会社 | 圧電/電歪アクチュエータ | 
        
          | US5117148A
              (en)
            
            * | 1989-11-07 | 1992-05-26 | Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Vibrator | 
        
          | JP2508334B2
              (ja)
            
            * | 1990-01-17 | 1996-06-19 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 圧電基板の分極方法 | 
        
          | US5210455A
              (en)
            
            * | 1990-07-26 | 1993-05-11 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Piezoelectric/electrostrictive actuator having ceramic substrate having recess defining thin-walled portion | 
        
          | US5225731A
              (en)
            
            * | 1991-06-13 | 1993-07-06 | Southwest Research Institute | Solid body piezoelectric bender transducer | 
        
          | US5262696A
              (en)
            
            * | 1991-07-05 | 1993-11-16 | Rockwell International Corporation | Biaxial transducer | 
        
          | DE69223096T2
              (de)
            
            * | 1991-07-18 | 1998-05-28 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Piezoelektrischer/elektrostriktiver Element mit einem keramischen Substrat aus stabilisiertem Zirkoniumdioxid | 
        
          | US5310511A
              (en)
            
            * | 1992-03-24 | 1994-05-10 | Eastman Kodak Company | Method and apparatus for poling a planar polarizable body | 
        
          | JP3189491B2
              (ja)
            
            * | 1993-05-26 | 2001-07-16 | ブラザー工業株式会社 | インク噴射装置 | 
        
          | WO1995002279A1
              (en)
            
            * | 1993-07-06 | 1995-01-19 | Motorola, Inc. | Surface acoustic wave device | 
        
          | US6781285B1
              (en)
            
            * | 1994-01-27 | 2004-08-24 | Cymer, Inc. | Packaged strain actuator | 
        
          | JP3114538B2
              (ja)
            
            * | 1994-12-12 | 2000-12-04 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 圧電体素子及びその製造方法 | 
        
          | JP3432974B2
              (ja)
            
            * | 1995-10-13 | 2003-08-04 | 日本碍子株式会社 | 圧電/電歪膜型素子 | 
        
          | DE69714909T2
              (de)
            
            * | 1996-05-27 | 2003-04-30 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Piezoelektrisches Element des Dünnschichttyps | 
        
          | EP0907212A1
              (en)
            
            * | 1996-11-29 | 1999-04-07 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Ceramic element, method of manufacturing ceramic element, display, relay device, and capacitor | 
        
          | DE19745468C1
              (de)
            
            * | 1997-10-15 | 1999-04-15 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Piezoelektrischer Aktuator | 
        
          | JP3303772B2
              (ja)
            
            * | 1998-04-20 | 2002-07-22 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 圧電体素子 | 
        
          | DE19829216C1
              (de) | 1998-06-30 | 2000-03-02 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Elektromechanischer Wandler und Verfahren zur Herstellung | 
        
          | FR2790635B1
              (fr) | 1999-03-05 | 2001-04-13 | France Etat | Dispositif triboelectrique | 
        
          | DE19914468C1
              (de)
            
            * | 1999-03-30 | 2000-09-07 | Siemens Ag | Bauelement | 
        
          | US6323580B1
              (en)
            
            * | 1999-04-28 | 2001-11-27 | The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc. | Ferroic transducer | 
        
          | US6724130B1
              (en)
            
            * | 1999-10-22 | 2004-04-20 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Membrane position control | 
        
          | WO2001031715A1
              (en)
            
            * | 1999-10-22 | 2001-05-03 | The Government Of The United States As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Non-uniform thickness electroactive device | 
        
          | DE10059785A1
              (de)
            
            * | 2000-12-01 | 2002-06-13 | Volkswagen Ag | Anordnung von interdigitalen Elektroden | 
        
          | US7038358B2
              (en)
            
            * | 2002-03-15 | 2006-05-02 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Electro-active transducer using radial electric field to produce/sense out-of-plane transducer motion | 
        
          | US6856073B2
              (en)
            
            * | 2002-03-15 | 2005-02-15 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Electro-active device using radial electric field piezo-diaphragm for control of fluid movement | 
        
          | US6919669B2
              (en)
            
            * | 2002-03-15 | 2005-07-19 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Electro-active device using radial electric field piezo-diaphragm for sonic applications | 
        
          | US20060180953A1
              (en)
            
            * | 2005-02-11 | 2006-08-17 | The Regents Of The University Of California | System and method for constructing and operating a high performance piezoelectric actuator | 
        
          | JP4760931B2
              (ja)
            
            * | 2009-03-02 | 2011-08-31 | 株式会社デンソー | 弾性表面波素子 | 
        
          | JP5430367B2
              (ja) | 2009-11-26 | 2014-02-26 | キヤノン株式会社 | 塵埃除去装置および塵埃除去方法 | 
        
          | DE102010009453A1
              (de) | 2010-02-26 | 2011-09-01 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Schallwandler zum Einsetzen in ein Ohr | 
        
          | US8987976B2
              (en)
            
            * | 2011-09-23 | 2015-03-24 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Piezoelectric resonator having combined thickness and width vibrational modes | 
        
          | US20130135264A1
              (en)
            
            * | 2011-11-29 | 2013-05-30 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Multilayer piezoelectric thin film resonator structure | 
        
          | DE102013210561B4
              (de) | 2013-06-06 | 2016-11-10 | Albert-Ludwig-Universität Freiburg | Biegewandler mit einem piezoelektrischen Element | 
        
          | US10280744B2
              (en) | 2014-02-21 | 2019-05-07 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Bender bar modal shaping | 
        
          | IT202000013423A1
              (it)
            
            * | 2020-06-05 | 2021-12-05 | Itt Italia Srl | Pastiglia freno intelligente di veicolo e suo metodo di manifattura |