CH235774A - Process for the production of art objects from cellulose derivatives. - Google Patents
Process for the production of art objects from cellulose derivatives.Info
- Publication number
- CH235774A CH235774A CH235774DA CH235774A CH 235774 A CH235774 A CH 235774A CH 235774D A CH235774D A CH 235774DA CH 235774 A CH235774 A CH 235774A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- cellulose
- dependent
- films
- production
- cellulose derivatives
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/02—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
- C08J3/09—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in organic liquids
- C08J3/091—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in organic liquids characterised by the chemical constitution of the organic liquid
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/76—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers
- G03C1/795—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers the base being of macromolecular substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2301/00—Characterised by the use of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
- C08J2301/08—Cellulose derivatives
- C08J2301/10—Esters of organic acids
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kunstgebilden aus Cellulosederivaten. Methylenchlorid ist bekannntlich mit oder ohne Zusatz von andern chlorierten Kohlen wassergtoffen in Gegenwart von Alkoholen ein gutes Lösungsmittel für Celluloseester. Der verschiedene Gehalt der Giesslösungen an Alkohol wirkt sich bekanntlich auf die Vis kosität des entstandenen Lackes aus; auch ist das Optimum der Lösefähigkeit für die ein zelnen Alkohole verschieden.
Es war daher naheliegend, diejenigen Lösungsmittelge- mische für die Praxis anzuwenden, die eine möglichst klare und niedrigviskose Lösung ergaben, da diese im Giess- und Filtrations- prozess die geringsten Schwierigkeiten be reiten.
Bei der Untersuchung des Einflusses des Alkoholgehaltes im Lösungsmittel wurde überraschenderweise gefunden, dass man Cel- lulosederivatprodukte, insbesondere Fqlien, Bänder, Filme und dergleichen mit besseren mechanischen Eigenschaften erhält,
wenn man azeotrope Siedegemische von Alkylen- halogeniden und einem oder mehreren alipha- tischen Alkoholen als Lösungsmittel anwen- det. Dieses Siedegemisch zum Beispiel mit Methylenchlorid liegt bei Methanol bei 5,6 %, bei Äthanol bei 3,1 % und bei n-Propanol bei 1,7 %.
So konnte beispielsweise festgestellt wer den, dass bei der Herstellung von Kinofilmen zum Beispiel aus CelliLoseestern, insbeson dere Celluloseacetat, die Lebensdauer der aus den oben erwähnten Lösungsmittelgemischen erhaltenen Filme im Kinövorführapparat ganz erheblich grösser ist.
Das erfindungs gemässe Verfahren eignet sich vorzugsweise für Kunstgebilde wie Filme usw. aus Cellu- losemischestern, wie Celluloseacetopropionat oder Celluloseacetobutyrat, aber auch aus hochveresterten Cellulösetriestern, insbeson dere aus Cellulosetriacetat. Unter hochver- esterten Cellulosetriestern werden solche ver standen,
die einen dem Triester entsprechen den theoretischen Höchstgehalt aufweisen. Der dem Triester entsprechende Essigsäure gehalt beträgt beim Cellulosetriacetat <B>62,5-%.</B> Da aber auch solche Ester die einen etwas unter der theoretisch errechneten Menge lie- geraden Säuregehalt, zum Beispiel 61,5 %, auf weisen, als Triester bezeichnet werden, so sind mit dem Ausdruck "hochverestert" solche Triester gemeint, die den theoretisch errechneten Höchstgehalt an Säure aufweisen. Durch Anwendung des Verfahrens konnten ganz besonders hohe Umlaufzahlen der Tri- acetatfilme erhalten werden.
Die Verwendung der azeotropen Gemische. als Lösungsmittel hat auch den weiteren Vor teil, dass das bei der Wiedergewinnung an fallende Destillat unmittelbar wieder ver wendet werden kann. Gegebenenfalls kann man den azeotropen Gemischen der Alkylen- halogenide mit Alkoholen noch andere Lö sungsmittel, wie Chloroform oder andere chlorierte Kohlenwasserstoffe und bezw. oder Nichtlöser zusetzen.
<I>Beispiel:</I> Über die Verbesserung der Lebensdauer von Kinofilmen aus Cellulosetriacetat bei Verwendung von Methylenchlorid mit den verschiedenen Alkoholen als Lösungsmittel gibt die folgende Tabelle Auskunft: <I>Alkohol</I> Umlaufzahlen im Lösungsmittel im <I>Projektor</I> 12,0% Äthanol 220 5,0% Äthanol 380 3,1 % Äthanol 420 5,0 % n-Propanol 360 2,0% n-Propanol 400 5,5 % Methanol 420
Process for the production of art objects from cellulose derivatives. Methylene chloride is known to be a good solvent for cellulose esters with or without the addition of other chlorinated hydrocarbons in the presence of alcohols. The different alcohol content of the casting solutions is known to affect the viscosity of the resulting paint; also the optimum solubility for the individual alcohols is different.
It was therefore obvious to use those solvent mixtures for practical use which resulted in a solution with the clearest and lowest possible viscosity, since these cause the least difficulties in the pouring and filtration process.
When examining the influence of the alcohol content in the solvent, it was surprisingly found that cellulose derivative products, in particular films, tapes, films and the like, with better mechanical properties are obtained,
if azeotropic boiling mixtures of alkylene halides and one or more aliphatic alcohols are used as solvents. This boiling mixture, for example with methylene chloride, is 5.6% for methanol, 3.1% for ethanol and 1.7% for n-propanol.
For example, it was found that in the production of cinema films, for example from cellulose esters, in particular cellulose acetate, the life of the films obtained from the above-mentioned solvent mixtures in the cinema projection apparatus is considerably longer.
The method according to the invention is preferably suitable for artificial structures such as films etc. made from mixed cellulose esters, such as cellulose acetopropionate or cellulose acetobutyrate, but also from highly esterified cellulose triesters, in particular from cellulose triacetate. Highly esterified cellulose triesters are understood to mean
which correspond to the Trieste have the theoretical maximum level. The acetic acid content corresponding to the triester of cellulose triacetate is <B> 62.5-%. </B> But since such esters also have an acid content slightly below the theoretically calculated amount, for example 61.5%, are referred to as triesters, the expression "highly esterified" refers to those triesters which have the theoretically calculated maximum acid content. By using the process, it was possible to obtain particularly high circulation rates of the triacetate films.
The use of the azeotropic mixtures. as a solvent, it also has the further advantage that the distillate that occurs during recovery can be used again immediately. Optionally, you can the azeotropic mixtures of alkylene halides with alcohols or other Lö solvents such as chloroform or other chlorinated hydrocarbons and BEZW. or add non-solvent.
<I> Example: </I> The following table provides information about the improvement in the service life of cinema films made from cellulose triacetate when using methylene chloride with the various alcohols as a solvent: <I> Alcohol </I> Circulation numbers in the solvent in the <I> projector </I> 12.0% ethanol 220 5.0% ethanol 380 3.1% ethanol 420 5.0% n-propanol 360 2.0% n-propanol 400 5.5% methanol 420
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH235774T | 1942-11-27 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CH235774A true CH235774A (en) | 1944-12-31 |
Family
ID=4459110
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH235774D CH235774A (en) | 1942-11-27 | 1942-11-27 | Process for the production of art objects from cellulose derivatives. |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BE (1) | BE448259A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH235774A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2739069A (en) * | 1951-11-28 | 1956-03-20 | Eastman Kodak Co | Cellulose acetate film-forming composition and a film made therefrom |
-
0
- BE BE448259D patent/BE448259A/xx unknown
-
1942
- 1942-11-27 CH CH235774D patent/CH235774A/en unknown
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2739069A (en) * | 1951-11-28 | 1956-03-20 | Eastman Kodak Co | Cellulose acetate film-forming composition and a film made therefrom |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BE448259A (en) |
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