CA3098119C - Materiaux textiles contenant des fibres d'aramide et des fibres de sulfure de polyphenylene colorees - Google Patents

Materiaux textiles contenant des fibres d'aramide et des fibres de sulfure de polyphenylene colorees Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CA3098119C
CA3098119C CA3098119A CA3098119A CA3098119C CA 3098119 C CA3098119 C CA 3098119C CA 3098119 A CA3098119 A CA 3098119A CA 3098119 A CA3098119 A CA 3098119A CA 3098119 C CA3098119 C CA 3098119C
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
fibers
textile material
polyphenylene sulfide
yarns
aramid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CA3098119A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CA3098119A1 (fr
Inventor
Shulong Li
Andrew D. Child
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Milliken and Co
Original Assignee
Milliken and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Milliken and Co filed Critical Milliken and Co
Publication of CA3098119A1 publication Critical patent/CA3098119A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA3098119C publication Critical patent/CA3098119C/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/16—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using dispersed, e.g. acetate, dyestuffs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
    • D06P3/82—Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres
    • D06P3/8204—Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres fibres of different chemical nature
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
    • D02G3/04—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials
    • D02G3/047—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials including aramid fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
    • D02G3/443—Heat-resistant, fireproof or flame-retardant yarns or threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/16—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using dispersed, e.g. acetate, dyestuffs
    • D06P1/18—Azo dyes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/16—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using dispersed, e.g. acetate, dyestuffs
    • D06P1/19—Nitro dyes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/16—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using dispersed, e.g. acetate, dyestuffs
    • D06P1/20—Anthraquinone dyes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
    • D06P3/003—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated using vat or sulfur dyes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
    • D06P3/004—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated using dispersed dyes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
    • D06P3/008—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated using reactive dyes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
    • D06P3/02—Material containing basic nitrogen
    • D06P3/04—Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups
    • D06P3/24—Polyamides; Polyurethanes
    • D06P3/242—Polyamides; Polyurethanes using basic dyes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
    • D06P3/02—Material containing basic nitrogen
    • D06P3/04—Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups
    • D06P3/24—Polyamides; Polyurethanes
    • D06P3/243—Polyamides; Polyurethanes using vat or sulfur dyes, indigo
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
    • D06P3/02—Material containing basic nitrogen
    • D06P3/04—Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups
    • D06P3/24—Polyamides; Polyurethanes
    • D06P3/248—Polyamides; Polyurethanes using reactive dyes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
    • D06P3/02—Material containing basic nitrogen
    • D06P3/04—Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups
    • D06P3/24—Polyamides; Polyurethanes
    • D06P3/26—Polyamides; Polyurethanes using dispersed dyestuffs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
    • D06P3/58—Material containing hydroxyl groups
    • D06P3/60—Natural or regenerated cellulose
    • D06P3/6025—Natural or regenerated cellulose using vat or sulfur dyes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
    • D06P3/58—Material containing hydroxyl groups
    • D06P3/60—Natural or regenerated cellulose
    • D06P3/6033—Natural or regenerated cellulose using dispersed dyes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
    • D06P3/58—Material containing hydroxyl groups
    • D06P3/60—Natural or regenerated cellulose
    • D06P3/66—Natural or regenerated cellulose using reactive dyes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P5/00—Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
    • D06P5/02—After-treatment
    • D06P5/10—After-treatment with compounds containing metal
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P5/00—Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
    • D06P5/20—Physical treatments affecting dyeing, e.g. ultrasonic or electric
    • D06P5/2066—Thermic treatments of textile materials
    • D06P5/2077—Thermic treatments of textile materials after dyeing
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/30—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polycondensation products not covered by indexing codes D10B2331/02 - D10B2331/14
    • D10B2331/301—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polycondensation products not covered by indexing codes D10B2331/02 - D10B2331/14 polyarylene sulfides, e.g. polyphenylenesulfide

Abstract

L'invention concerne un matériau textile comprenant une pluralité de fils, au moins une portion des fils comprenant un mélange intime de fibres de sulfure de polyphénylène colorées et de fibres de polyamide-imide, les fibres de sulfure de polyphénylène ayant une surface de section transversale, les fibres de sulfure de polyphénylène comprenant un colorant dispersé qui est distribué de façon sensiblement uniforme sur toute la surface de section transversale des fibres, et le colorant dispersé étant choisi dans le groupe constitué par des colorants dispersés ayant une masse molaire égale ou supérieure à environ 350 g/mol, des colorants dispersés comprenant un groupe nitro, et des mélanges de ceux-ci.
CA3098119A 2018-05-03 2019-04-09 Materiaux textiles contenant des fibres d'aramide et des fibres de sulfure de polyphenylene colorees Active CA3098119C (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US15/970,232 US20190338462A1 (en) 2018-05-03 2018-05-03 Textile materials containing aramid fibers and dyed polyphenylene sulfide fibers
US15/970,232 2018-05-03
PCT/US2019/026454 WO2019212703A1 (fr) 2018-05-03 2019-04-09 Matériaux textiles contenant des fibres d'aramide et des fibres de sulfure de polyphénylène colorées

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA3098119A1 CA3098119A1 (fr) 2019-11-07
CA3098119C true CA3098119C (fr) 2023-03-28

Family

ID=66476821

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA3098119A Active CA3098119C (fr) 2018-05-03 2019-04-09 Materiaux textiles contenant des fibres d'aramide et des fibres de sulfure de polyphenylene colorees

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20190338462A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3788199A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA3098119C (fr)
WO (1) WO2019212703A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20210285133A1 (en) 2020-03-10 2021-09-16 Milliken & Company Textile Materials Containing Yarns with an Intimate Blend of Aramid Fibers and Polyphenylene Sulfide Fibers
RU2744118C1 (ru) * 2020-10-23 2021-03-02 Акционерное общество «Каменскволокно» Способ крашения арамидного волокна

Family Cites Families (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3094511A (en) 1958-11-17 1963-06-18 Du Pont Wholly aromatic polyamides
US3354127A (en) 1966-04-18 1967-11-21 Du Pont Aromatic copolyamides
US3819587A (en) 1969-05-23 1974-06-25 Du Pont Wholly aromatic carbocyclic polycarbonamide fiber having orientation angle of less than about 45{20
US3673143A (en) 1970-06-24 1972-06-27 Du Pont Optically anisotropic spinning dopes of polycarbonamides
US3884626A (en) 1971-03-16 1975-05-20 Ciba Geigy Ag Process for the dyeing of textile material containing amino or amide groups
US3869429A (en) 1971-08-17 1975-03-04 Du Pont High strength polyamide fibers and films
US3986827A (en) 1972-08-29 1976-10-19 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Storage-stable concentrated aqueous solution of disazo acid dye
JPS53294A (en) 1976-06-23 1978-01-05 Teijin Ltd Preparation of aromatic polyamide with high degree of polymerization
US4525168A (en) 1984-01-27 1985-06-25 Professional Chemical & Color, Inc. Method of treating polyaramid fiber
US4898596A (en) 1987-12-30 1990-02-06 Burlington Industries, Inc. Exhaust process for simultaneously dyeing and improving the flame resistance of aramid fibers
US5207803A (en) 1990-09-28 1993-05-04 Springs Industries Method for dyeing aromatic polyamide fibrous materials: n,n-diethyl(meta-toluamide) dye carrier
US5306312A (en) 1990-10-31 1994-04-26 Burlington Industries, Inc. Dye diffusion promoting agents for aramids
US5447540A (en) * 1992-01-30 1995-09-05 Teijin Limited Method of dyeing a high heat-resistant synthetic fiber material
US6867154B1 (en) 1998-04-20 2005-03-15 Southern Mills, Inc. Patterned, flame resistant fabrics and method for making same
JP2007298199A (ja) * 2006-04-28 2007-11-15 Toray Ind Inc 多色柄迷彩布帛および多色柄迷彩衣服
US7713891B1 (en) 2007-06-19 2010-05-11 Milliken & Company Flame resistant fabrics and process for making
US8012890B1 (en) 2007-06-19 2011-09-06 Milliken & Company Flame resistant fabrics having a high synthetic content and process for making
CN101575759A (zh) * 2009-06-16 2009-11-11 四川省纺织科学研究院 聚苯硫醚机织物及其生产工艺
KR101791048B1 (ko) * 2011-04-29 2017-11-20 코오롱글로텍주식회사 염색성 및 일광견뢰도가 우수한 폴리페닐렌 설파이드 원단 및 이의 제조방법
US8722551B2 (en) 2011-09-16 2014-05-13 Milliken & Company Flame retardant composition and textile material comprising the same
US9453112B2 (en) 2013-06-04 2016-09-27 Milliken & Company Phosphorus-containing polymer, article, and processes for producing the same
US9982096B2 (en) 2013-10-25 2018-05-29 Milliken & Company Flame retardant precursors, polymers prepared from such precursors, and flame resistant fabrics treated with such polymers
CN105780254B (zh) * 2016-03-30 2018-11-13 陕西元丰纺织技术研究有限公司 一种聚苯硫醚多组分混纺阻燃面料及其染色工艺

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20190338462A1 (en) 2019-11-07
CA3098119A1 (fr) 2019-11-07
WO2019212703A1 (fr) 2019-11-07
EP3788199A1 (fr) 2021-03-10

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US11078608B2 (en) Fabric, method for manufacturing same, and fiber product
EP3040473B1 (fr) Tissu denim aux caractéristiques ignifuges et procédé de teinture de la chaîne avec un colorant bleu indigo
JPH10325085A (ja) シャンブレー外観を呈する繊維製品およびこれを形成する方法
JPH1143871A (ja) メラミン繊維とセルロース繊維から成る繊維製品の染色
CA3098119C (fr) Materiaux textiles contenant des fibres d'aramide et des fibres de sulfure de polyphenylene colorees
US5447540A (en) Method of dyeing a high heat-resistant synthetic fiber material
JP6975531B2 (ja) 布帛および繊維製品
JPH10317286A (ja) メラミン繊維製の製品を染色する方法及びそのように染色されたメラミン繊維の製品
US20220389652A1 (en) Textile materials containing dyed polyphenylene sulfide fibers and methods for producing the same
KR101144261B1 (ko) 아라미드 섬유로 이루어진 데님 직물의 제조방법
JP2020026595A (ja) 布帛および防護製品
WO2021183250A1 (fr) Matériaux textiles contenant des fils avec un mélange intime de fibres d'aramide et de fibres de sulfure de polyphénylène
EP0557734B1 (fr) Procédé de teinture d'un matériau à base de fibres en polyamides aromatiques
CA3042500C (fr) Materiaux textiles comportant des fibres de sulfure de polyphenylene colorees et procedes de production desdits materiaux textiles
JP5243230B2 (ja) 全芳香族ポリアミド繊維構造物
JP2012154002A (ja) メタ型全芳香族ポリアミド繊維布帛
JP2022003177A (ja) 染色布帛および繊維製品
KR102463941B1 (ko) 발수가공된 혼방직물의 제조방법
NL2028484B1 (en) Flame Retardant Fabric Comprising Cotton Alternative
EP3467174A1 (fr) Tissus lyocellulaires à filaments continus tricotés
WO2023032387A1 (fr) Tissu de fibres et procédé de teinture de tissu de fibres
JP2001200471A (ja) 耐光堅牢性の改良された全芳香族ポリアミド繊維構造物
JP2009243002A (ja) ポリエステル／セルロース混用織編物の染色方法
JPS5966582A (ja) 混用品の一浴染色法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
EEER Examination request

Effective date: 20201022

EEER Examination request

Effective date: 20201022

EEER Examination request

Effective date: 20201022

EEER Examination request

Effective date: 20201022

EEER Examination request

Effective date: 20201022