CA2396528A1

CA2396528A1 - Hot-setting bitumen-coated material containing rubber

Info

Publication number: CA2396528A1
Application number: CA002396528A
Authority: CA
Inventors: Eric Godard
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Colas SA
Priority date: 2000-01-07
Filing date: 2000-04-21
Publication date: 2001-07-12
Also published as: WO2001049939A1; JP2003519306A; CZ20022334A3; EP1248884A1; SK9902002A3; AU749952B2; HUP0203927A2; FR2803608A1; PL365073A1; AU4302400A

Abstract

The inventive hot-setting bitumen-coated material is used for forming the top layer of a road and comprises a granular mixture with varying granulometry and a bonding agent in the form of a conventional bitumen or a modified bitumen. Said granular mixture contains chips, a sandy fraction and powdered rubber, said sandy fraction having a lower volume than the interstitial volume of the chips. According to the invention, the particles of powdered rubber are less than 1.5 mm in size and the percentage of rubber in the granular mixture is less than 1.5 %.

Description

ENROBE BITUMIN~UX A CHAUD COMPORTANT DU CAOUTCHOUC
L'invention concerne un enrobe bitumineux a chaud, destine a constituer une couche de roulement dune route et comportant du caoutchouc. L' invention concerne egalement un procede de fabrication d'un tel enrobe bitumineux et un procede de realisation dune couche de roulement avec un tel enrobe.
Depuis de ' nombreuses annees, on sait realiser des revetements de route avec des enrobes contenant du caoutchouc de recuperation. Un example en est connu du document EP-A-0.672.791.
1'0 L' introduction de caoutchouc duns des bitumes permet d'ameliorer les proprietes des enrobes, de donner une plus grande souplesse aux revetements realises, d'ameliorer (eur resistance a la fatigue aux basses temperatures, et de dirninuer les phenomenes de bruit et de reflexions de sources lumineuses.
95 L'utilisation de caoutchouc de recuperation a cat effet permet de plus, de contribuer a ('elimination de pneus uses d'origines diverses.
C'est ainsi qua des procedes ont ate developpes dans lesquels 1e caoutchouc est melange au bitume a la maniere d'un 20 agregat.
Pour la mise en oeuvre de ce type de procede, on considerait d'abord necessaire d'utiliser des granules ayant une granulometrie comprise entre 1 et 3 ou 2 et 4 mm, c'est-a-dire des granules de caoutchouc ayant une granulometrie comparable a 25 celle des gravillons (voir par example US-A-4.548.962).
On produisait alors un revetement routier qui, au moins par endroits, presentait une epaisseur de caoutchouc de plusieurs millimetres entre deux granulats ou gravillons traditionnels. Le caoutchouc ayant un module d' elasticite extri3mement faible, une 30 telle epaisseur de caoutchouc entre deux granulats traditionnels qui sont des materiaux duns, conduit a des deformations tres importantes du revetement lorsqu'il est soumis a une contrainte locale elevee telle qua celle produite par 1e passage d'un carrion et donc a une deformation importante du revetement qui conduit 35 rapidement a la deterioration de celfe-ci. BITUMIN COATING ~ HOT UX COMPRISING RUBBER
The invention relates to a hot bituminous coating intended for to constitute a wearing course of a road and comprising rubber. The invention also relates to a method of manufacture of such a bituminous coating and a process for creation of a wearing course with such a coating.
For many years, we have known how to road surfaces with rubber-coated surfaces recovery. An example is known from document EP-A-0.672.791.
1'0 The introduction of rubber in bitumens allows to improve the properties of the coatings, to give a more great flexibility with the coatings made, to improve (eur resistance to fatigue at low temperatures, and to reduce the phenomena of noise and light source reflections.
95 The use of cat-effect recovery rubber allows more, to contribute to the elimination of used tires of origins various.
This is how processes have been developed in which rubber is mixed with bitumen in the same way as 20 aggregate.
For the implementation of this type of process, we first considered it necessary to use granules having a particle size between 1 and 3 or 2 and 4 mm, i.e.
rubber granules having a particle size comparable to 25 that of gravel (see for example US-A-4,548,962).
We then produced a road surface which, at least by places, had a rubber thickness of several millimeters between two traditional aggregates or gravel. The rubber having an extremely low modulus of elasticity, a 30 such thickness of rubber between two traditional aggregates which are dun materials, leads to very deformations important of the coating when subjected to a stress high local as that produced by the passage of a carrion and therefore has a significant deformation of the coating which leads 35 quickly deterioration thereof.

2 Pour remedier a ce problems, on a remplace une partie de la fraction sableuse qui accompagne traditionnellement les gravii(ons, par de (a poudre de caoutchouc dont les particules ont un diametre moyen compris entre 0 et 1,5 mm. Au squelette granulaire ainsi obtenu, on a ajoute alors un fiant bitumineux qui pouvait etre un bitume pur ou un bitume modifie par des additifs, souvent des polymeres.
Cette derniere technique donna globalement satisfaction.
Toutefois, on cherche a ameliorer encore la resistance de la chaussee, par example pour des applications en zones de stationnement ou les manoeuvres sont frequentes et les braquages tres courts. Par ailleurs, on a constate qua 1e caoutchouc est sensible a I'humidite, ce qui engendre parfois un certain nombre d'inconvenients.
Le but de ('invention est de proposer un enrobe bitumineux a chaud comportant de la poudre de caoutchouc, qui suite les inconvenients mentionnes plus haut.
L'enrobe bitumineux dolt par ailleurs permettre d'obtenir un revi3tement routier ayant une bonne drainabilite superficielle a ('eau, et de bonnes proprietes sonores.
Le but de ('invention est atteint par un enrobe bitumineux a chaud destine a constituer une couche de roulement d' une route et comprenant a cat effet un melange granulaire de granulometrie discontinue et, comma liant, un bitume. Le melange granulaire comports des gravillons, une fraction sableuse et de la poudre de caoutchouc, la fraction sableuse et fa poudre de caoutchouc prises ensemble ayant un volume inferieur au volume interstitial des gravillons.
Salon ('invention, is taille des particules de la poudre de caoutchouc est inferieure a 9,5 mm et 1e pourcentage de caoutchouc daps 1e rnelanae granulaire est inferieur a 1,5 % en masse.
Four s'assurer dune bonne rugosite, la teneur totals en sable (mineral+caoutchouc) ne doit pas depasser 1e volume des vides interstitiels entre les gravillons, soit environ 30 a 40 % du WO Ol/~19939 PCT/FR00/01069 2 To remedy this problem, we replaced part of the sandy fraction that traditionally accompanies gravii (ons, by (a rubber powder whose particles have an average diameter between 0 and 1.5 mm. To the skeleton granular thus obtained, we then added a bituminous fiant which could be pure bitumen or bitumen modified by additives, often polymers.
The latter technique was generally satisfactory.
However, we seek to further improve the resistance of the carriageway, for example for applications in areas of parking lot where maneuvers are frequent and very short turns. Furthermore, it has been observed that rubber is sensitive to humidity, which sometimes causes a number of drawbacks.
The purpose of the invention is to provide a bituminous coating hot with rubber powder, which follows the disadvantages mentioned above.
The bituminous coating must also make it possible to obtain a road surface with good surface drainability a ('water, and good sound properties.
The object of the invention is achieved by a bituminous coating hot intended to constitute a wearing course of a road and comprising for this purpose a granular mixture of particle size discontinuous and, as a binder, a bitumen. The granular mixture comports of gravel, a sandy fraction and powder rubber, sandy fraction and rubber powder taken together having a volume lower than the interstitial volume gravel.
Salon ('invention, is particle size of the powder of rubber is less than 9.5 mm and the percentage of rubber daps 1st granular rnelanae is less than 1.5% in mass.
Oven ensure a good roughness, the total content of sand (mineral + rubber) must not exceed the volume of interstitial voids between gravel, about 30 to 40% of the WO Ol / ~ 19939 PCT / FR00 / 01069

3 volume global. Ainsi, la poudre de caoutchouc est employee en substitution de, et non en ajout a la fraction sableuse usuelle.
L'invention concerne egalement (es caracteristiques ci apres considerees isolement ou selon toutes leurs combinaisons techniquement possibles - Le liant de la couche d'accrochage peat titre un bitume par, egalement appele bitume classique, ou un bitume modifie et notamment anti emulsion de bitume par ou anti emulsion de bitume modifie par des polymeres. On utilisera avantageusement, mais non necessairement des emulsions elastomeres en raison de leur affinite chimique avec 1e caoutchouc.
- La granulometrie du caoutchouc est choisie proche de celle d'un sable aussi fin que possible : OI1 mm (90 % des particules ont anti taille inferieure a 1,0 mm, c'est-a-dire 1e taux de refus des particules de caoutchouc au tamis de 1 mm dolt titre inferieur a 10 % de la masse seche de I'echantillon). Ce choix permet de remplacer par du caoutchouc anti partie du sable constituent 1e squelette granulaire du bitume, tout en assurant I'obtention des caracteristiques recherchees de I'enrobe.
- Le pourcentage de caoutchouc dens 1e melange granulaire est compris entre 0,5 et 1 %.
- Le melange granulaire contient, en plus de la fraction sableuse, des gravilions et du caoutchouc, anti proportion de poudre de roche (preferentiellement calcaire) au moins egale a 1,5 % de is masse totale des granulats.
Cette poudre de roche, egalement appelee filler, est caracterisee en ce que 90 % de se masse passe au tamis de 80 Nm.
- La composition granulometrique du melange granulaire est determinee a I'aide d'un calcul en termes de fractions volumiques du melange granulaire.
En effet, compte tenu de la difference de densite significative entre les differents constituents i du melange granulaire que sont les gravillons, to fraction sableuse et 1e caoutchouc, la composition granulometrique doit titre exprimee en WO O1/a9939 PCTJFR00/01069 3 overall volume. Thus, rubber powder is used in substitution of, and not in addition to the usual sandy fraction.
The invention also relates to (the features after considered in isolation or in all their combinations technically possible - The binder of the bonding layer peat titers a bitumen by, also called conventional bitumen, where a modified bitumen and especially bitumen anti emulsion by or anti emulsion of bitumen modified by polymers. We will advantageously use, but not necessarily elastomeric emulsions due to their chemical affinity with rubber.
- The grain size of the rubber is chosen close to as fine sand as possible: OI1 mm (90% of particles have anti size less than 1.0 mm, i.e. the rate refusal of rubber particles to a 1 mm sieve less than 10% of the dry mass of the sample). This choice allows to replace with anti-sand rubber constitute the granular skeleton of bitumen, while ensuring Obtaining the desired characteristics of the coating.
- The percentage of rubber in the 1st granular mixture is between 0.5 and 1%.
- The granular mixture contains, in addition to the fraction sand, gravel and rubber, anti proportion of rock powder (preferably limestone) at least equal to 1.5% of the total mass of the aggregates.
This rock powder, also called filler, is characterized in that 90% of the mass passes through a sieve 80 Nm.
- The granulometric composition of the granular mixture is determined using a calculation in terms of volume fractions granular mixture.
Indeed, given the difference in density significant between the different constituents i of the mixture granular that are gravel, to sandy fraction and 1e rubber, the particle size composition must title expressed in WO O1 / a9939 PCTJFR00 / 01069

4 fractions volumiques plut8t qu'en fractions massiques si I'on veut avoir une bonne image de la repartition de la taille des grains.
La proportion en volume V; de cheque constituent i du melange granuiaire est calculee par 1 OOP;
V; _ P ~ P;
P;
ou P, : proportion en masse du constituent i et p; : masse volumique reelle du constituent t.
70 Le calcul de la granulometrie ~du melange granulaire se fait ensuite selon la formule (A,~ ~ V,))1100 ou B~ : pourcentage de passants en volume du melange ~ un. tamis j.
et A;j : pourcentage de passants en masse du constituent i au tamis j.
- La teneur L en bitume, c'est-a-dire 1e rapport en masse entre 1e bitume et la masse totaie de I'enrobe, est calculee a partir d'un module de richesse K, dune surface specifique conventionnelle E et d'un coefficient a correcteur de la masse voiumique reelle des constituents i a I'aide de la relation L=K~a~5 E
ou K : valeur comprise entre 3,5 et 4,5 2,65 a : OC =
P;
~ est definie par 100 E = 0,25 G + 2,3 S + 12 s + 135 f + 450 KU
avec les proportions ponderales suivantes G des grains superieurs a 6,3 mm S des grains de 6,3 mm a 0,315 mm s des grains de 0,315 mm a 0,08 mm f des grains inferieurs a 0,08 mrn KU des particules de caoutchouc La proportion ponderale KU tient compte du pouvoir absorbent particulier du caoutchouc par rapport a un filler 4 volume fractions rather than mass fractions if you want get a good picture of the grain size distribution.
The proportion by volume V; of check constitute i of granular mixture is calculated by 1 OOP;
V; _ P ~ P;
P;
or P,: proportion by mass of the constituent i and P; : real density of the constituent t.
70 The calculation of the granulometry ~ of the granular mixture is done then according to the formula (A, ~ ~ V,)) 1100 or B ~: percentage of passers by volume of the mixture ~ one. sieve j.
and A; j: percentage of passers-by in mass from component i to sieve j.
- The bitumen content L, i.e. the mass ratio between the bitumen and the total mass of the coating, is calculated at from a richness module K, from a specific surface conventional E and a mass corrector coefficient real parts by means of the relation L = K ~ a ~ 5 E
or K: value between 3.5 and 4.5 2.65 a: OC =
P;
~ is defined by 100 E = 0.25 G + 2.3 S + 12 s + 135 f + 450 KU
with the following weight proportions G grains larger than 6.3 mm S grains from 6.3 mm to 0.315 mm s grains from 0.315 mm to 0.08 mm f grains less than 0.08 mrn KU of rubber particles The weight proportion KU takes into account the power absorb particular rubber compared to a filler

5 calcaire : Alars qua 1e pouvoir absorbent d'un filler calcaire est de 50 g (masse de fine pour 15 g de biturr~e), i7 est de 15 g pour 1e caoutchouc. L.e caoutchouc absorbe donc 50/15 = 3,33 foil plus de bitume qua 1e filler.
- Le module de richesse a de preference une valeur comprise entre 3,8 et 4,2.
- La teneur en bitume est avantageusement comprise entre 4 et 14 °~ en poids.
Las tableaux I et II montrent deux resultats de caiculs, c'est-a-dire deux reconstitutions de compositions d'enrobes bitumineux salon ('invention avec des gravillons de granulometrie 0/10 et respectivement 1 % et 1,5 % de caoutchouc.
La caoutchouc est une matiere poreuse et I'humidite se loge profondement dens se structure des lots qua son taux deviant important. L'humidite naturelle du caoutchouc a se production est foible, c'est-a-dire en general inferieure a 0,5 %. Ca taux est acceptable pour la fabrication d'enrobe acoustique et i1 ne doit pas depasser 1 % en masse.
La caoutchouc s' humidifie en general lots des operations de conditionnement, de transport et surtout de stockage. En particulier lots du stockage sur les sites de production d'enrobes, ii est contraignant d'abriter les sacs de caoutchouc. II en resulte une augmentation de son hygrometrie en cas de pluie.
If a ate constate qua 1e fait de charger 1e caoutchouc dune certaine quantite de bitume, de I'ordre de 1 a 15 % de se masse, permettait de limiter considerablement la capacite du caoutchouc a absorber de ('eau en profondeur. La presence de bitume autour des particules de caoutchouc hydrofuge done ces dernieres.
Cette amelioration du comportement de la poudre de caoutchouc peat etre obtenue facilement par un pretraitement de la poudre de caoutchouc, c'est-a-dire en pulverisant du bitume WO Ol/d9939 PCT/FR00101069 5 limestone: Alars qua 1e absorbent power of a limestone filler is 50 g (mass of fine for 15 g of biturr ~ e), i7 is 15 g for 1st rubber. The rubber therefore absorbs 50/15 = 3.33 foil more bitumen qua 1st filler.
- The wealth module preferably has a value between 3.8 and 4.2.
- The bitumen content is advantageously between 4 and 14 ° ~ by weight.
Tables I and II show two results of caiculs, that is to say two reconstructions of coating compositions bituminous living room ('invention with gravel of grading 0/10 and respectively 1% and 1.5% of rubber.
Rubber is a porous material and humidity gets lodged deeply densified lots of lots at its deviating rate important. The natural moisture in the rubber produced is low, that is to say generally less than 0.5%. It's rate acceptable for the manufacture of acoustic enclosures and i1 must not not exceed 1% by mass.
The rubber wets in general lots of the operations of packaging, transport and above all storage. In particular batches of storage at asphalt production sites, It is compulsory to house the rubber bags. II results an increase in its humidity in case of rain.
If it has been noted that loading the rubber with a certain amount of bitumen, of the order of 1 to 15% by mass, allowed to considerably limit the capacity of the rubber to absorb water deeply. The presence of bitumen around particles of water-repellent rubber therefore the latter.
This improvement in the behavior of the powder of rubber can be obtained easily by a pretreatment of rubber powder, i.e. by spraying bitumen WO Ol / d9939 PCT / FR00101069

6 sur la poudre de caoutchouc en fin de chaine de production. l1 suffit de faire passer la poudre de caoutchouc fraichement produite dans une chambre ou 1e bitume est nebulise (micronisa) a une temperature de I'ordre de 150°C.
Le taux d'humidite est mesure salon une methode dite cc par sechage a I'atuve » qui est decrite de manure detaiilee daps la norme NF P 94 050.
La poudre de caoutchouc ainsi traitee s'emploie ensuite classiquement. II convient alors de prendre en compte daps la suite qu'une partie du bitume a deja ate incorporee a la poudre de caoutchouc et de corriger Ia quantite de bifume de la formula d'enroba de la quantite correspondante.
La tenue de I'enrobe sur la chaussee en presence d'eau dolt est verifiee. Une methodologie de verification de la tenue mecanique du melange an presence d'eau est etablie. Cette methodologie consiste a realiser deux essais particuliers a) L'essai Duriez classique mais en exigeant une valeur d'immersion-compression superieure a 0,85 et praferentiellement superieure a 0,90 alors qu'une valeur superieure a 0,75 ou 0,80 est habituellement considaree comma suffisante paur les enrobes classiques.
b) L'essai d'usure CANTABRO (norme espagnole NLT 352/86, methode etablie en Espagne pour des enrobes drainants) modifie en ce qua 1e nombre de tours du tambour " Los Angeles " est porte de 300 a 500, et en ce qua la temperature d' essai est fixee a 18°C. Dans ces conditions, 1e pourcentage de perte des eprouvettes de I'enrobe taste doit titre infarieur a 10 de la masse initiate de 1'enrobe.
L'enrnbe est repandu en un couche de roulement mince dune route, I'epaisseur de la couche etant comprise entre 1,5 et 4 cm, de preference entre 2,0 et 3,0 cm pour une granularite Ol6 et entre 2,5 et 3,5 cm pour une granuiarite 0110.
L' invention concerns egalement un procade de fabrication d'un enrobe bitumineux a chaud destine a constituer une couche de roulement dune route et comprenant un melange granulaire de 6 on rubber powder at the end of the production chain. l1 just pass the rubber powder freshly produced in a room where the bitumen is nebulized (micronisa) at a temperature of the order of 150 ° C.
The humidity level is measured in a so-called cc method by drying in the oven "which is described in a detailed manner in the NF P 94 050 standard.
The rubber powder thus treated is then used conventionally. It is then advisable to take into account daps the after part of the bitumen has already been incorporated into the powder rubber and correct the amount of bifume in the formula of the corresponding amount.
Keeping the coating on the roadway in the presence of water is verified. A method of verification of the holding mechanism of the mixture in the presence of water is established. This methodology consists in carrying out two particular tests a) The classic Duriez test but requiring value immersion-compression greater than 0.85 and preferentially greater than 0.90 while a value greater than 0.75 or 0.80 is usually considered sufficient for coatings classics.
b) The CANTABRO wear test (Spanish standard) NLT 352/86, method established in Spain for coatings draining) changes the number of revolutions of the drum "Los Angeles "ranges from 300 to 500, and the temperature test temperature is fixed at 18 ° C. Under these conditions, the percentage of loss of the samples of the coated taste must be less than 10 of the initial mass of the coating.
The enrnbe is spread in a thin wearing course of a road, the thickness of the layer being between 1.5 and 4 cm, preferably between 2.0 and 3.0 cm for an Ol6 granularity and between 2.5 and 3.5 cm for a granuiarite 0110.
The invention also relates to a manufacturing process.
a hot bituminous coating intended to constitute a layer of a road and comprising a granular mixture of

7 granulometrie discontinue et, comme liant, un bitume classique ou un bitume modifie, !e melange granulaire comportant des gravillons, anti fraction sableuse et de la poudre de caoutchouc, !e procede comprenant les etapes de porter les gravillons et la fraction sableuse a la temperature d'enrabage et de les malaxer avec !e liant en vue de produire I'enrobe bitumineux.
Selon ('invention, la poudre de caautchouc est ajoutae en un pourcentage inferieur a 1,5 % en volume du melange granulaire, les particules de la poudre de caoutchouc ayant anti taille inferieure a 1,5 mm.
Le caoutchouc craignant les tres hautes temperatures, en particulier la presence dune flamme, i1 est introduit a un point de la chaine de fabrication ou les granulats sont deja a la temperature souhaitee d'enrobage.
De plus, quel que soit !e mode de fabrication de I'enrobe bitumineux, i1 importe de prendre en compte - pour !'introduction du caoutchouc - la petite taille des particules et leur faible poids qui en resulte. Ces deux caracteristiques en font anti matiere sujette a titre emportee par !e fort courant d'air du sechage. Pour compenser cet inconvenient, !e caoutchouc est introduit en general juste avant la fin de fa zone de sechage des graviiions et de la fraction sableuse.
L'invention concerne egalement les caracteristiques ci apres, considerees isolement ou selon toutes !ears combinaisons techniquement possibles ~ En cas de fabrication de i'enrobe par anti centrale de fabrication discontinue, !e caoutchouc recycle est introduit au malaxeur en sacs thermofusibles ou de faron continue au pied de I'elevateur a chaud.
~ En cas de fabrication de I'enrobe par anti centrale de fabrication discontinue disposant dune tremie doseuse permettant d'apporter un granulat au pied de I'elevateur a chaud, celie-ci peat titre utilisee.
~ En cas de fabrication de I'enrobe par anti centrale de fabrication continue a malaxeur separe, !e caoutchouc recycle WO 01/d9939 PCT/FR00/01069 7 discontinuous particle size and, as a binder, a conventional bitumen or a modified bitumen,! a granular mixture comprising gravel, anti sandy fraction and rubber powder, ! e process comprising the stages of carrying the gravel and the sandy fraction at the take-up temperature and knead them with the binder in order to produce the bituminous coating.
According to the invention, the rubber powder is added in one percentage less than 1.5% by volume of the granular mixture, rubber powder particles having anti size less than 1.5 mm.
Rubber fearing very high temperatures, especially the presence of a flame, i1 is introduced at a point of the production line or the aggregates are already at the desired coating temperature.
In addition, whatever the manufacturing method of the coating bituminous, it is important to take into account - for!
rubber - the small size of the particles and their low weight resulting. These two characteristics make it anti matter prone as carried by the strong draft air of drying. For compensate for this drawback, rubber is introduced in general just before the end of the drying area of the graviiions and of the sandy fraction.
The invention also relates to the features below afterwards, considered alone or in all! ears combinations technically possible ~ In case of manufacture of the coating by anti central discontinuous manufacturing, recycled rubber is introduced mixer in hot-melt bags or continuous flask at the bottom of the hot lift.
~ In case of manufacture of the coating by anti central discontinuous manufacturing with a dosing hopper allowing to bring an aggregate at the foot of the elevator hot, this peat title used.
~ In case of manufacture of the coating by anti central continuous production with separate mixer, recycled rubber WO 01 / d9939 PCT / FR00 / 01069

8 est introduit au malaxeur ou au pied de I'elevateur a chaud en fin de sechage.
~ En cas de fabrication de I'enrobe par une centrale d'enrobage continue a malaxage integre au tambour secheur, i1 est necessaire de disposer dune tremie doseuse permettant d'incorporer 1e caoutchouc a la fin du sechage des agregats min~raux par I'anneau de recyclage. Si cela nest pas possible, on utilise alors I'injection par vis sans fin ou par transport pneumatique.
Pour etre sQr qua 1e taux d' humidite de la poudre de caoutchouc ne depasse pas 1 % en masse, on procede salon deux alternatives. Salon la premiere, on mesure 1e taux d'humidite de la poudre de caoutchouc avant de I'introduire dans 1e malaxeur -et ainsi dans ie melange de gravillons et de fraction sableuse - et on corrige 1e taux d'humidite 1e cas echeant. Salon la seconds alternative, on utilise du caoutchouc micronise decrit plus haut.
L'invention concerns, par ailleurs, egalement un procede de realisation dune couche de roulement dune route avec un enrobe bitumineux tel qua defini plus haut.
Salon ('invention, ce procede de realisation comprend ies.
stapes de repandage dune couche d'accrochage sur la route destines a recevoir la couche de roulement, repandage dune couche dudit enrobe biturnineux et compackage de cette couche d'enrobe bitumineux.
Dans un mode de realisation prefers de ('invention, 1e compactage de I'enrobe bitumineux repandu est effectue avec un compacteur autre qu'un compacteur a pneumatique. De mama, on prend garde a eviter 1e collage de I'enrobe aux billes du compacteur.
D'autres caracteristiques et avantages de ('invention ressortiront de la description de deux examples de realisation de I'enrobe de ('invention, et d'un example de miss en oeuvre du procede de fabrication d'un enrobe bitumineux salon ('invention.
La description de la miss en oeuvre du procede de fabrication est faite en reference a la Figure unique montrant un WO O1/a9939 PCT/FR00/01069 8 is introduced into the mixer or at the foot of the hot lift in end of drying.
~ In the event of the coating being manufactured by a coating plant continuous mixing integrated in the dryer drum, i1 is necessary to have a dosing hopper allowing incorporate the rubber at the end of the aggregate drying minerals through the recycling ring. If this is not possible, we then use injection by worm or transport pneumatic.
To be sure that the humidity level of the powder rubber does not exceed 1% by mass, we proceed to salon two alternatives. In the first show, we measure the humidity level of rubber powder before introducing it into the mixer -and so in the mixture of gravel and sandy fraction - and the humidity level is corrected if necessary. Salon la seconds alternatively, we use micronized rubber described above.
The invention also relates to a method of a road surface with a bituminous coating as defined above.
Living room ('invention, this method of realization includes ies.
stages of spreading a bonding layer on the road intended to receive the wearing course, spreading of a layer of said bituminous coating and compacking of this layer bituminous coating.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the compaction of the spread bituminous coating is carried out with a compactor other than a pneumatic compactor. From mama, we take care to avoid sticking the coating to the balls of the compactor.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description of two examples of realization of The cover of the invention, and an example of a miss method of manufacturing a living bituminous coating ('invention.
The description of the miss using the manufacturing is done with reference to the single Figure showing a WO O1 / a9939 PCT / FR00 / 01069

9 tambour-secheur-melangeur et des elements necessaires a ('alimentation en caoutchouc.
Comma cela ressort deja des tableaux I et II introduits plus haut, I'enrobe bitumineux de !'invention comprend essentiellement des gravillons de tailles differences, dont une fraction sableuse, de Ia poudre de caoutchouc et du bitume. Les tableaux III et IV
en montrent deux autres examples de compositions. Le premier example est un enrobe bitumineux comprenant 1 % de caoutchouc,, designe par la suite enrobe A, alors qua 1e second example est un enrobe bitumineux comprenant 2 % de caoutchouc, designe par la suite enrobe B.
L'enrobe A comprend d'abord un melange granulaire constitue de 95,5 % de granulats mineraux dont 78,5 % sont de granulometrie 6110 alors que 17 % sont de granulometrie O12, ainsi qua de 1 % d'un caoutchouc de granulometrie O11. Ce melange est complete par un filler (3,5 °l°).
A ce melange granulats-caoutchouc, un bitume modifie est ajoute. II represente 6,6 % de is masse des granulats sacs.
L'enrobe bitumineux B differe de I'enrobe A dans les pourcentages des differents composants. Ainsi, 1e melange granulats-caoutchouc comporte 83 °~ de granulat mineral de granulometrie 6110 et 12 % de granulat mineral de granulometrie 012. Le pourcentage de caoutchouc dune granulometrie de 011 est 2 % et celui du filler est 3 %. La proportion de bitume est de 6,6 %.
Les enrobes A et B sont fabriques a une temperature respectivement de 165°C et 150°C.
Pour illustrer la discontinuite granulometrique du melange des granulats utilises pour constituer des enrobes bitumineux salon ('invention, 1e tableaw IV presente une repartition granulometrique salon la norme P 18-560 des granulats mineraux 6110 et 012. De plus, 1e tableau IV contient les valeurs name-riques des coefficients definis plus haut, a savoir la surface specifique E, 1e module de richesse K, la densite theorique des granuiats et is masse volumique reelle V, des granulats.

Les avantages de I'enrobe bitumineux de ('invention ressortent des essais classiques effectues.
Les resultats des essais sont contenus au tableau IV. Ces rssultats montrent t'aptitude au compactage ainsi qua la 5 resistance en compression et la tenue a ('eau et a fair des enrobes A et B.
Des essais particuliers tels I'essai CANTABRO qui permet d'yvaluer la parts de poids de I'sprouvette a 1'usure, et un essai de fluagelrelaxation ont ste effectues sur I'enrobe A. 9 drum-dryer-mixer and elements necessary for ('rubber supply.
As can already be seen from Tables I and II introduced more top, the bituminous coating of the invention essentially comprises gravel of different sizes, including a sandy fraction, rubber powder and bitumen. Tables III and IV
two other examples of compositions are shown. The first example is a bituminous coating comprising 1% of rubber ,, subsequently designates A, while the second second example is a bituminous coating comprising 2% of rubber, subsequently designated as coating B.
Enclosure A first comprises a granular mixture consists of 95.5% of mineral aggregates of which 78.5% are 6110 particle size whereas 17% is O12 particle size, as well as 1% of an O11 particle size rubber. This mixture is completed by a filler (3.5 ° l °).
In this aggregate-rubber mixture, a modified bitumen is add. It represents 6.6% of the mass of the bagged aggregates.
Bituminous coating B differs from coating A in percentages of the different components. So the 1st mixture rubber aggregates contains 83 ° ~ of mineral aggregate 6110 particle size and 12% mineral particle size 012. The percentage of rubber with a grain size of 011 is 2% and that of the filler is 3%. The proportion of bitumen is 6.6%.
Coatings A and B are produced at a temperature 165 ° C and 150 ° C respectively.
To illustrate the particle size discontinuity of the mixture aggregates used to form bituminous coatings living room (invention, the 1st table IV has a distribution particle size distribution standard P 18-560 for mineral aggregates 6110 and 012. In addition, Table IV contains the values name-rics of the coefficients defined above, namely the surface specific E, the first richness module K, the theoretical density of aggregates and real density V, aggregates.

The advantages of the bituminous coating of the invention emerge from the classic tests carried out.
The results of the tests are contained in Table IV. These results show the compaction ability as well as the 5 compressive strength and water resistance and coatings A and B.
Special tests such as the CANTABRO test which allows to evaluate the weight share of the specimen in wear, and a test have been performed on jacket A.

10 En effet, I'essai CANTABRO consists a mouler des eprouvettes cylindriques d'environ 1300 g, puffs de les user a une temperature choisie de 18°C daps un tambour en rotation de type Los Angeles. On mesure alors la parts de poids de cheque eprouvette apres usure. Plus la parts est faible, plus l'enrobe est considers comma resistant. Les resultats presentes daps 1e tableau IV mettent en evidence une meiileure tenue de I'enrobs bitumineux de i'invention a cat essai qua d'enrobes bitumineux utilises event ('invention.
Par ailleurs, des mesures de bruit ont ate faites sur diffsrents trongons d'essai correspondent a des routes en villa et en liaison interurbaine.
Ls principe retenu est de comparer deux revetements entre eux. On compare par example I' ancien revetement de la chaussee et 1e nouveau revytement salon I' invention ou encore differents revstements sur un mama itineraire. Les mesures ont ate faites salon la methods Bite en « champ proche » guff consists a mesurer 1e bruit de roulement d'un vyhicule leper grace a un micro embarque positionne a proximity dune roue, loin des bruits du moteur et de I'echappement.
Le bruit de roulement (bruit gynere, moins bruit absorbs) est ainsi mesurs en s'affranchissant des autres sources de bruit situees beaucoup pies loin. Une tells methods permet donc de caracteriser un revetement, mama en site urbain, independammenf de son environnement. 10 Indeed, the CANTABRO test consists in molding cylindrical specimens of approximately 1300 g, puffs to use them at selected temperature of 18 ° C in a rotating drum type Los Angeles. We then measure the check weight shares test tube after wear. The lower the share, the more the coating is considers comma resistant. The results presented in 1st table IV highlight a better resistance of the set bituminous of the invention a cat qua bituminous coating test use event ('invention.
In addition, noise measurements have been made on different test sections correspond to villa routes and intercity connection.
The principle adopted is to compare two coatings between them. We compare, for example, the old pavement coating and the new coating for the invention or even different coatings on a route mama. Measurements have been made salon methods Bite in "near field" guff consists in measuring 1st rolling noise of a leper vehicle thanks to a microphone on board positioned near a wheel, far from the noise of engine and exhaust.
Rolling noise (gynere noise, less absorbed noise) is thus measured by overcoming other sources of noise located a lot further away. A tells method therefore allows characterize a coating, mama in an urban site, independammenf of its environment.

11 Cet essai a ate mis.au point par 1e Laboratoire Regional de i'Est Parisian qui a realise les mesures dont les resultats sont pr~sentes ci-apres.
En villa, la vitesse de reference est de 50 kmlh. Trois trongons ont fait I'objet de mesures. Les resultats sont veaux de bruit ~ 1 m de la roue 50 kmlh Ni Chantier _ Enrobe de ('inventionGain Ancien rev~tement 1 90,20 dBA 83,5 dBA 6,7 2 88, 56 d BA 83, 58 d BA 4, 3 90,14 dBA 83,52 dBA 6,62 Les gains sont nettement superieurs ~ 4 dBA, ce qui correspond a une diminution du bruit de plus de 70 %.
Sur un trongon dune route d~partementale, la couche de roulement appliquee est un baton bitumineux 0110 classique.
Cependant, la traversee d'un hameau a ~t~ traitee avec un enrobe salon I' invention.
Les mesures sont realisees a 90 kmlh sur ce type de route d'essai.
Revetement Niveau de bruit Gain avec enrobe 1 m de de ('invention la roue - 90 kmlh Enrobe de ('invention93,6 dBA --Baton bitumineux 96,5 dBA 2,9 dBA
neuf Baton bitumineux 98,1 dBA 4,5 dBA
ancien L'enrobe de ('invention permet de gagner plus de 4 dBA
par rapport a un revi3tement ancien et 3 dBA par rapport a un baton bitumineux 0110 neuf.
La fabrication de i'enrob~ bitumineux conform~ment a ('invention peut etre r~alis~e daps des centrales de type discontinu ou en alternative, daps des centrales de type continu 11 This test was developed by the Regional Laboratory of i'Est Parisian who carried out the measurements whose results are present ~ below.
In villas, the reference speed is 50 km / h. Three rods were the subject of measurements. The results are noise calves ~ 1 m from the wheel 50 km / h Or Construction site _ (inventionGain Old coating 1 90.20 dBA 83.5 dBA 6.7 2 88, 56 d BA 83, 58 d BA 4, 3 90.14 dBA 83.52 dBA 6.62 The gains are significantly greater than ~ 4 dBA, which corresponds to a noise reduction of more than 70%.
On a section of a departmental road, the layer of applied bearing is a classic bituminous stick 0110.
However, the crossing of a hamlet was treated with a coating I invention lounge.
Measurements are made at 90 km / h on this type of road test.
Coating Noise level Gain with coating 1 m from the invention the wheel - 90 km / h Coating of the invention 93.6 dBA -Bituminous stick 96.5 dBA 2.9 dBA
new Bituminous stick 98.1 dBA 4.5 dBA
former The coating of the invention allows to gain more than 4 dBA
compared to an old coating and 3 dBA compared to a bituminous stick 0110 new.
The manufacture of bituminous asphalt in accordance with (The invention can be carried out in plants of the type discontinuous or alternatively, daps of continuous type power plants

12 utilisant un tambour-secheur-melangeur represents, a titre d'exemple, sur la Figure unique.
Dans une centrale munie d'un tambour-secheur-me(angeur, I'enrobe bitumineux de ('invention est obtenu en lee stapes de dosage des granulats, rajout d'un filler d'apport, sechage de ces materiaux, dosage d'un bitume et rajout de ce bitume aux granulats, dosage et rajout de poudre de caoutchouc, malaxage de ('ensemble des materiaux et depoussierage de I'enrobe bitumineux obtenu.
Dans 1e tambour-secheur-melangeur 1, 1e melange de gravillons et de fines d'apport est seche et ensuite melange avec du bitume provenant dune citerne de stockage de liant et du caoutchouc provenant dune tremie 2. Le caoutchouc et 1e bitume sont avantageusement ajoutes au melange au moyen de deux lances 3, 4 dont les buses de sortie sont disposees en amont d'un anneau de recyciage 5, et malaxes avsc ('ensemble des composes de I'enrobe bitumineux. 12 using a drum-mixer-mixer represents, as a example, in the single Figure.
In a power plant with a drum-dryer (feeder, The bituminous coating of the invention is obtained in stages of dosage of aggregates, addition of a filler of filler, drying of these materials, dosage of a bitumen and addition of this bitumen to aggregates, dosing and addition of rubber powder, mixing of ('all materials and dusting of the coating bituminous obtained.
In the 1st drum-dryer-mixer 1, the 1st mixture of gravel and fine fines is dried and then mixed with bitumen from a binder storage tank and rubber from a hopper 2. Rubber and bitumen are advantageously added to the mixture by means of two nozzles 3, 4 whose outlet nozzles are arranged upstream of a recyciage ring 5, and mixes avsc ('all the components bituminous coating.

13 TABLEAU I
RECOMPOSITION
SUtVANT
IDENTtF'ICATION

Exemple:
ENROBES

a %
de Caoutchouc :,:...:r.:~,~-r _;,..,.t.~;
:..~
...., ,.
~.:~.
;, .

.i'':~
'ro~~u u=--.io~~:
;:1~:,~:
:~
r _,.
~t ~.:r ;..".::
..
w' .. , :'r.
5.
'~
~ a:...
..:,r-. ., .
.w''v':....
.,i r .
...y.-' s_.
::.
':
~
A
:' .,.- ..
..
..., .;~j::.v . .
, 4 , 1 .
.t. _ . . .
.
,'I'.:, ~ :.!
a ..T
s '~..
F
.
, COMPOSITION POSTE:
. ~
~ ' '-"
' ' NOUBLEAU SPECIFIQUE
79,0 : 13,763 '/e Cm~/~

MODULE
DE
RICHESSE
: 3,894 17,0 : 2,554 Y. glcm3 ' FILLER M.v.R
PIKETTY AGREGATS
3,0 : 2,812 'A cm3/g Caoutchouc Oli 1,0 l.

Liant TEMPERATURE
: D'ENROBAGE
COLFLFJC : 170 N C~
6,20 /.

SF,:.~.gvrl.'r~~::;1!Lv:a:HL:i..w.:..~:ixy.i" ..;..

r..>. ...~.
. ."~
t::.%_ ~ .-.:l.~l~f~,~,,..i ;O .
1':.i?=~.a ..~r :~ ~'~
' ~
:.. 'r c:.y~- ' .. CJe:
,. ' ~
5.,~: ~~
=:,. n~~~S
5 ' " ' i ~
' ~' ~

r , . ~
. ~.
; , . _ . .
Yis ., , ...- w a.sf:.:.
. _~
.e t.
. ,.:
?= _,..=
..t ~.
v-:<, r~'~:r:
i: w :~-a.
~
}
~
.' ., ' ~

TAMISPASSANT 6110 /2 NOUBLFILLER Caoutchouc # (~~) NOUBL PIKE 0 20 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 1a loo,0 loo,0 loo,0 loo,0 loo,o 12,5 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 90,0 87,4 100,0 100,0 100,0 -8 56,5 44,9 100,0 100,0 100,0 6,3 29,7 11,0 100,0 100,0 100.0 4 21,9 1,2 100,0 100,0 100,0 2 20,3 0,8 9Z,4 100,0 100,0.

1 16,1 0,7 67,8 100,0 99,9 0,5 11,5 0,7 43,3 100,0 61,1 0,3159,7 0,6 34,8 100,0 26,6 0,2 8,1 0,8 26,4 100,0 9,6 O,OB 6,1 0,6 17,0 90,0 0,7 .

M.V,R2,812 2,856 1,000 2,820 2,700 1,000 1,000 g GRANULOMEi'RtE
EN
VOLUME

Proportion 77,2_6 ' 16,84 3,10 2,_79 volumique ~ ~
G
(%) :

TAMISPASSANT ' I2 NOUBLFILLER Caoutchouc ~ (~) 10 NOUBL PIKE 0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 13 TABLE I
REDIAL
NEXT
IDENTtF'ICATION

Example:
COATINGS

at %
of Rubber :,: ...: r.:~,~-r _;, ..,. t. ~;
: .. ~
...., ,.
~.: ~.
;, .

.i '': ~
'ro ~~ u u = --.io ~~:
;: 1 ~:, ~:
: ~
r _ ,.
~ t ~.: r ; .. ". ::
..
w ' .., : 'r.
5.
'~
~ a: ...
..:, r-. ., .
.w''v ': ....
., i r.
... y.- ' s_.
::.
':
~
AT
: ' ., .- ..
..
..., .; ~ j ::. v. .
, 4 , 1.
.t. _ . . .
.
, 'I'.:, ~:.!
at ..T
s '~ ..
F
.
, POSITION COMPOSITION:
. ~
~ ' '- "
'' SPECIFIC NEWS
79.0: 13.763 '/ e Cm ~ / ~

MODULE
OF
WEALTH
: 3.894 17.0: 2.554 Y. glcm3 '' FILLER MvR
PIKETTY AGGREGATES
3.0: 2.812 '' At cm3 / g Rubber Oli 1.0 l.

TEMPERATURE Binder : COATING
COLFLFJC: 170 NC ~
6.20 /.

SF,:. ~ .Gvrl.'r ~~ ::; 1! Lv: a: HL: i..w.: .. ~: ixy.i "..; ..

r ..>. ... ~.
. . "~
t ::.% _ ~ .- .: l. ~ l ~ f ~, ~ ,, .. i ; O.
1 ':. I? = ~ .A
.. ~ r: ~ ~ '~
'~
: .. 'r c: .y ~ - ' .. CJe:
,. '~
5., ~: ~~
=:,. n ~~~ S
5 ' "' i ~
'' ~ ' ~

r, . ~
. ~.
; , . _ . .
Yis.,, ...- w a.sf:.:.
. _ ~
.e t.
. ,.:
? = _, .. =
..t ~.
v -: <, r ~ '~: r:
i: w : ~ -a.
~
}
~
. ' ., '' ~

TAMISPASSANT 6110/2 NOUBLFILLER Rubber # (~~) NEW PIKE 0 20 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1a loo, 0 loo, 0 loo, 0 loo, 0 loo, o 12.5 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 90.0 87.4 100.0 100.0 100.0 -8 56.5 44.9 100.0 100.0 100.0 6.3 29.7 11.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 4 21.9 1.2 100.0 100.0 100.0 2 20.3 0.8 9Z, 4,100.0 100.0.

1 16.1 0.7 67.8 100.0 99.9 0.5 11.5 0.7 43.3 100.0 61.1 0.3159.7 0.6 34.8 100.0 26.6 0.2 8.1 0.8 26.4 100.0 9.6 O, OB 6.1 0.6 17.0 90.0 0.7 .

MV, R2,812 2,856 1,000 2,820 2,700 1,000 1,000 g GRANULOMEi'RtE
IN
VOLUME

Proportion 77.2_6 '16.84 3.10 2, _79 volume ~ ~
G
(%) :

TAMISPASSANT 'I2 NOUBLFILLER Rubber ~ (~) 10 NEW PIKE 0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

14 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 12,5 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 10 90,3 87,4 100,0 10(1,0 100,0 .8 57,4 44,9 100,0 100,0 100,0 6,3 31,2 11,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 4 23,7 1,2 100,0 100,0 100,0 2 22,1 0,8 92,4 100,0 100,0 1 17,9 0,7 67,8 100,0 99,9 0,5 12,6 0,7 43,3 100,0 ~ 61,1 0,31510,2 0,6 34,8 100,0 26,6 0,2 8,3 0,6 28,4 100,0 9,6 0,08 6,1 0,6 17,0 90,0 0,7 M.V.R2,812 2,856 1,000 2,820 2,700 1,000 1,313 g Proportion volumlque du bitume =
' 16,81 %
I

TABLEAU II
RECOMPOSITION
SUIVANT
DENTIFICATION

Exemple:
ENROBES

a 1,5 %
de Caoutchouc ~r -:~,v-w::;
',; ~.r ; ;i.y .'=--t ;,.4._A
_ a .

::~..i:;~-:: a.- ~..
~ .a 3 '. 6' r i :
'i .-:~'', ~' . 's . saS~
..::= ., .
.,. a,.
_.. 'i.?.
.: . V
=1F0 . ~'.
.NfU - , ., . .' ; ,. , ."
..~ :.
iy.::.
.,_ LATI
.
N.
Q
:_ ~~

~
~
--, ~
..
, , , .
, ~ .
' .
1 . .
.~:;~
i~.
,~ i' 5 . ..
, COMPOSI7fON POSTE:
"'"

79,0 : 15,428 /. cm'/g MODULE
DE RICFtESSE
: 3,969 Ol2 DENSITE
NOUBLEAU TtiEOR(QUE
17,0 : 2,532 % B/CI'1'13 FILLER M.V.R
PIKETTY AGREGATS
2,5 : 2,797 /. cm3lg Ganutchouc 1,5 Y.

Lfant TEMPERATURE
: D'ENROBAGE
COLFLEX : 170 N C
6,50 Y

..:.~.,,..w. :j;n.',Y;;:,;,'.:1~;=.i.,;;yi~:i.

,r..~;.: ., =~vf .,.ass"' ~ 1V' M >.~
p ~ ,.,~, y~ .~.~~.
-'~U-;p.. , ET . ;~
IE:~, v ,,';~:::;. T
. ~
~ ~
' ~
~' ~
" ~'~
~
~
~
I>

, . ..
.- .
, k ~r . "..~...a.
_ a:
., r . : _..
_t._ ?"v..;w-..
;: ..
.._.. e.. J
:..,.. a n r. ' :i~:.
t.
,_.
w.
.
~
'.

TahuS#PASSANT(L) 8110 12 NOUBLEFILLER Caoutchouc 20 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 14 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 12,5 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 90,0 87,4 100,0 100,0 100,0 .

8 56,5 44,9 100,0 100,0 100,0 6,3 29,? 11,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 4 21,9 1,2 1D0,0 100,0 100,0 2 20,3 0,8 92,4 100,0 100,0 1 16,1 0,7 67,8 100,0 99,9 0,5 11,3 0,7 43,3 100,0 61,1 0,3159,3 0,6 34,8 100,0 26,6 0,2 7,6 0,6 26,4 100,0 9,6 0,08 5,6 0,6 17,0 90,0 0,7 .

M.V.R2,797 2,856 1,000 2,820 2,700 9,000 7,000 g GRANULOMETRiE
EN
VOLUME
~

Proportion 78,59 16,69 2,56 4,15 valumlque G
(%) :

TAMISPASSANT 190 l2 NOUBLFILLER Caoutchouc # (y.) NOUBL PIKE 0 100,0 10D,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 14 100,0 1D0,0 100,0 100,0 ~ 100,0 12,6 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 10 90,3 87,4 100,0 100,0 100,0 8 57,8 44,9 100,0 100,0 100,0 6,3 31,8 11,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 4 24,3 1,2 100,0 1D0,0 100,0 2 22,8 0,8 92,4 100,0 100,0 1 18,6 0,7 67,8 100,0 99,0 0,5 12,9 0,7 43,3 100,0 61,1 0,3159,9 0,6 34,8 100,0 28,6 0,2 7,8 0,6 26,4 100,0 9,6 0,08 5,6 0,6 17,0 9D,0 0,7 M.V.R2,797 2,856 1,000 2,820 2,?00 1,000 1,313 g Proportion volumique du bitume =

17,47 TABLEAU III
Comparaison entre deux enrobes de ('invention 5 aver 1 et 2 % de KU
GRANULAT % KU % liant r/R K

Quartzite Brix 2 6,6 0,84 3,669 Quartzite Brix 1 6,6 0,97 3,88 Diorite Meilleraie2 6,1 0,79 3,7 Diorite Meilieraie1 6,1 0,87 3,868 Diorite Noubieau 2 6,5 0,86 3,861 Diorite Noubleau 1 6,2 0,93 3,894 Gres Vaubadon 2 6,3 0,77 3,6 Gres Vaubadon 1 6,4 0,87 3,837 Quartzite Vignats 2 6,6 0,84 3,61 Quartzite Vignats 1 6,6 0,94 3,819 Porphyre Voutre 2 7 0,8 3,865 Porphyre Voutre 1,5 6,9 0,83 3,881 Porphyre Voutre 1,2 7 0,88 4,035 KU = poudrette de caoutchouc r/R = coefficient de reduction Duriez 10 K = module de richesse calculee selon la methode de 1'invention WO O1/d9939 PCT/FR00/01069 TABLEAUIV
Enrobe bitumineuxEnrobe bitumineux (A) (B) COMPOSITION

6/10 Brix 78,5 % 83,0 /o 0/2 Brix 12,0 OI2 Brix 17,0 Filler . 3,5 ~0 3,0 Caoutchouc 011 1,0 % 2,0 Bitume 60170 6,60 % 6,60 r6 DURIEZ (*) ' _ Densite hydrostatique2,263 g/cm' 2,044 glcm3 Compacite 94,5 ~ 86,2 Rc AIR (R) 9,2 MPa 5,9 MPa Rc EAU (r) 8,9 MPa 4,9 MPa Coefficient Reduction0,97 0,84 r/R

Eau Absorbee 1,5 % 3,8 /

CANTABRO (**) Compacite geo. 89,1 Compacit~ hydro. 93,7 d'usure 9,3 (*) Essai de compression simple DURIEZ-LCPC salon NF P98-251-1 (**) Essai CANTABRO salon la norme espagnole NLT 352186 TABLEAU IV (suite) RECOMPOSITION
GRANULOMETRIQUE
passants (en masse) TAMIS mm Enrob~ bitumineuxEnrobe bitumineux (A) (B) 20 100,0 100,0 14 ~ 100,0 100,0 12,5 100,0 100,0 93,6 _ 92,5 8 56,9 51,9 6, 3 29, 5 24, 0 4 22, 7 18,1 2 19,6 16,0 1 15,4 13,1 0,5 11,8 9,8 0,315 9,6 7,8 0,2 8,1 6,6 0,08 5,9 5,3 14 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 12.5 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 10 90.3 87.4 100.0 10 (1.0 100.0 .8 57.4 44.9 100.0 100.0 100.0 6.3 31.2 11.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 4 23.7 1.2 100.0 100.0 100.0 2 22.1 0.8 92.4 100.0 100.0 1 17.9 0.7 67.8 100.0 99.9 0.5 12.6 0.7 43.3 100.0 ~ 61.1 0.31510.2 0.6 34.8 100.0 26.6 0.2 8.3 0.6 28.4 100.0 9.6 0.08 6.1 0.6 17.0 90.0 0.7 MVR2,812 2,856 1,000 2,820 2,700 1,000 1,313 g Proportion volumlque of bitumen =
'' 16.81 %
I

TABLE II
REDIAL
NEXT
DENTIFICATION

Example:
COATINGS

at 1.5 %
of Rubber ~ r -: ~, vw ::;
',; ~ .r ; ; iy . '= - t;,. 4._A
_ at .

:: ~ ..i:; ~ - :: a.- ~ ..
~ .a 3 '. 6 'r i:
'i .-: ~'', ~ '. 's . saS ~
.. :: =.,.
.,. at,.
_ .. 'i.?.
.:. V
= 1F0. ~ '.
.NfU -, .,. . ' ; ,. , . "
.. ~:.
iy. ::.
., _ LATI
.
NOT.
Q
: _ ~~

~
~
-, ~
..
,,, .
, ~.
'.
1. .
. ~:; ~
i ~.
, ~ i ' 5. ..
, COMPOSI7FON POSTE:
"'"

SPECIFIC NEWS
79.0: 15.428 /. cm '/ g MODULE
OF RICFtESSE
: 3.969 Ol2 DENSITY
NEW TtiEOR (THAT
17.0: 2.532 % B / CI'1'13 FILLER MVR
PIKETTY AGGREGATES
2.5: 2.797 /. cm3lg Ganutchouc 1.5 Y.

Lfant TEMPERATURE
: COATING
COLFLEX: 170 NC
6.50 Y

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TahuS # PASSANT (L) 8110 12 NOUBLEFILLER Rubber 20 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 14 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 12.5 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 90.0 87.4 100.0 100.0 100.0 .

8 56.5 44.9 100.0 100.0 100.0 6.3 29 ,? 11.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 4 21.9 1.2 1D0.0 100.0 100.0 2 20.3 0.8 92.4 100.0 100.0 1 16.1 0.7 67.8 100.0 99.9 0.5 11.3 0.7 43.3 100.0 61.1 0.3159.3 0.6 34.8 100.0 26.6 0.2 7.6 0.6 26.4 100.0 9.6 0.08 5.6 0.6 17.0 90.0 0.7 .

MVR2,797 2,856 1,000 2,820 2,700 9,000 7,000 g Granulometry IN
VOLUME
~

Proportion 78.59 16.69 2.56 4.15 valumlque G
(%) :

TAMISPASSANT 190 l2 NOUBLFILLER Rubber # (y.) NOUBL PIKE 0 100.0 10D, 0 100.0 100.0 100.0 14 100.0 1D0.0 100.0 100.0 ~ 100.0 12.6 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 10 90.3 87.4 100.0 100.0 100.0 8 57.8 44.9 100.0 100.0 100.0 6.3 31.8 11.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 4 24.3 1.2 100.0 1D0.0 100.0 2 22.8 0.8 92.4 100.0 100.0 1 18.6 0.7 67.8 100.0 99.0 0.5 12.9 0.7 43.3 100.0 61.1 0.3159.9 0.6 34.8 100.0 28.6 0.2 7.8 0.6 26.4 100.0 9.6 0.08 5.6 0.6 17.0 9D, 0 0.7 MVR2,797 2,856 1,000 2,820 2,? 00 1,000 1,313 g Proportion volume of bitumen =

17.47 TABLE III
Comparison between two coatings of the invention 5 with 1 and 2% KU
AGGREGATE% KU% binder r / RK

Quartzite Brix 2 6.6 0.84 3.669 Brix Quartzite 1 6.6 0.97 3.88 Diorite Meilleraie2 6.1 0.79 3.7 Diorite Meilieraie1 6.1 0.87 3.868 Diorite Noubieau 2 6.5 0.86 3.861 Diorite Noubleau 1 6.2 0.93 3.894 Gres Vaubadon 2 6.3 0.77 3.6 Gres Vaubadon 1 6.4 0.87 3.837 Quartzite Vignats 2 6.6 0.84 3.61 Quartzite Vignats 1 6.6 0.94 3.819 Porphyry Voutre 2 7 0.8 3.865 Porphyry Voutre 1.5 6.9 0.83 3.881 Porphyry Voutre 1.2 7 0.88 4.035 KU = rubber crumb r / R = Duriez reduction coefficient 10 K = richness module calculated according to the method of the invention WO O1 / d9939 PCT / FR00 / 01069 TABLEAUIV
Bituminous coating Bituminous coating (A) (B) COMPOSITION

6/10 Brix 78.5% 83.0 / o 0/2 Brix 12.0 OI2 Brix 17.0 Filler. 3.5 ~ 0 3.0 Rubber 011 1.0% 2.0 Bitumen 60 170 6.60% 6.60 r6 LAST (*) ' _ Hydrostatic density2.263 g / cm '2.044 glcm3 Compact 94.5 ~ 86.2 Rc AIR (R) 9.2 MPa 5.9 MPa Rc WATER (r) 8.9 MPa 4.9 MPa Reduction coefficient 0.97 0.84 r / R

Absorbed water 1.5% 3.8 /

CANTABRO (**) Compactness geo. 89.1 Compactness hydro. 93.7 wear 9.3 (*) DURIEZ-LCPC simple compression test salon NF P98-251-1 (**) CANTABRO test on the Spanish standard NLT 352186 TABLE IV (continued) REDIAL
GRANULOMETRIC
passers-by (in mass) SIEVE mm Coated ~ bituminous Bituminous coating (A) (B) 20 100.0 100.0 14 ~ 100.0 100.0 12.5 100.0 100.0 93.6 _ 92.5 8 56.9 51.9 6, 3 29, 5 24, 0 4 22, 7 18.1 2 19.6 16.0 1 15.4 13.1 0.5 11.8 9.8 0.315 9.6 7.8 0.2 8.1 6.6 0.08 5.9 5.3

Claims

Hot bituminous mix intended to constitute a wearing course for a road, comprising a mixture granular material of discontinuous grain size and, as a binder, a bitumen, the granular mixture comprising as constituents i, gravel, a sandy fraction and powder of rubber, the percentage of rubber in the mixture granular being less than 1.5% by mass, the fraction sandblaster and rubber powder taken together having a volume smaller than the interstitial volume of the gravel, characterized in that the size of the particles and of the powder of rubber is less than 1.5 mm.

1. Hot bituminous mix intended to constitute a wearing course for a road, comprising a mixture granular material of discontinuous grain size and, as a binder, a bitumen, the first granular mixture comprising as constituents i, gravel, a sandy fraction and powder of rubber, sand fraction and rubber powder taken together having a volume less than the interstitial volume gravel, characterized in that the particle size of the powder of rubber is less than 1.5 mm and in that the percentage of rubber in the granular mixture is less than 1.5% by mass.

2. Asphalt according to claim 1, characterized in that the particle size of the rubber powder is less than 1 mm for 90% of the particles.

3. Asphalt according to claim 1, characterized in that the percentage of rubber in the granular mixture is between 0.5 and 1%.

4. Coated according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the particle size composition of the mixture granular is determined according to the formula B j = (.SIGMA.i ( (A ij .cndot.V i ))/100 where B j: percentage of passers by volume of the mixture to a sieve j A ij : percentage of mass passers from constituent i to sieve j V i: volume proportion of constituent i

5. Coated according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the bitumen content L of the total mass of the mix is determined according to the formula L=K.cndot. .alpha. .cndot. in which the quantity K represents a richness modulus having a value between 3.5 and 4.5, .alpha. is a coefficient corrector of the real density V i of the constituents i and .SIGMA.
represents a conventional specific surface of constituents i, this specific surface .SIGMA. being obtained by the definition 100 .SIGMA. = 0.25 G + 2.3 S + 12 s + 135 f + 450 KU with following weight proportions:
G grains greater than 6.3 mm S grits from 6.3 mm to 0.315 mm s grains from 0.315 mm to 0.08 mm f grains less than 0.08 mm KU rubber particles

6. Asphalt according to claim 5, characterized in that the richness modulus K has a value between 3.8 and 4.2.

7. Process for manufacturing hot bituminous mix intended to form a wearing course for a road and comprising a granular mixture of discontinuous grain size and, as binder, a bitumen, the granular mixture comprising gravel, a sandy fraction and rubber powder, the method comprising the steps of carrying the gravel and sandy fraction at the coating temperature and mixing them with the binder in order to produce the bituminous mix, characterized in that the rubber powder is added in one percentage less than 1.5% by volume of the granular mixture, the particles of the rubber powder having a size less than 1.5 mm.

8. Method according to claim 7, characterized in that is rubber powder is pretreated by micronization of bitumen and in that the quantity of bitumen added batches of the mixing is corrected to take into account the bitumen content of is micronized rubber powder.

9. Method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that qua, before the rubber powder is added to the mixture of gravel and the sandy fraction, its moisture content is measured and then, if necessary, corrected so as not to exceed 1% by mass.

10. Method for producing a wearing course of a road with a bituminous coating according to any of the claims 1 to 6 or obtained by the implementation of a process of manufacture according to any one of claims 7 to 9, comprising the spreading stages of a tie layer on the road intended to receive the wearing course, spreading a layer of said bituminous mix and compacting of this layer of bituminous mix.