CA2202498A1 - A shock absorption assembly for a spreader - Google Patents
A shock absorption assembly for a spreaderInfo
- Publication number
- CA2202498A1 CA2202498A1 CA002202498A CA2202498A CA2202498A1 CA 2202498 A1 CA2202498 A1 CA 2202498A1 CA 002202498 A CA002202498 A CA 002202498A CA 2202498 A CA2202498 A CA 2202498A CA 2202498 A1 CA2202498 A1 CA 2202498A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- spreader
- twistlock
- mounting plate
- shock absorption
- absorption assembly
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
- B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
- B66C1/62—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled
- B66C1/66—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled for engaging holes, recesses, or abutments on articles specially provided for facilitating handling thereof
- B66C1/663—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled for engaging holes, recesses, or abutments on articles specially provided for facilitating handling thereof for containers
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
- Vibration Dampers (AREA)
Abstract
A shock absorption assembly for a cargo container handling spreader (1) comprising: engagement means (5) for engaging with and locking onto a cargo container corner casting; mounting means for mounting the engagement means (5) on a spreader (1), the engagement means (5) being journalled to the mounting means to allow rotation of the engagement means (5) with respect to the mounting means and to prevent lateral or longitudinal movement of the engagement means (5) with respect to the mounting means, the mounting means being moveable with respect to the spreader (1); and shock absorber means (23, 26, 30) to absorb forces caused by movement of the mounting means with respect to the spreader (1).
Description
wo 96/11873 r~ 5 ~ -~
"A SHOCK ABSORPTION A':.~T~MRT.Y FOR A SPREADER"
This invention relates to a shock absorption assembly for use with a cargo container hAn~ll ;ng spreader.
A spreader is a lifting frame which is attached to a crane or a fork lift and is designed to lock onto a cargo container such as an ISO (International Standards Organisation) container. Each container has four corner castings situated at the four corners of the container's upper surface. The corner castings are engaged by twistlock r-^hAn;~"~ carried on the spreader which enable the containers to be lifted safely. Spreaders having telescopic arms are known which are able to be adjusted to pick up containers of various sizes and weights. These spreaders are provided on quayside cranes to load and unload container ships. These spreaders are also used with gantry cranes and other lifting and transporting r~rh;n~c:
in container marchA 1 1; ng yards .
Spreaders are subjected to high shock and stress loads during engaging, lifting, disengaging and setting down operations. These shocks greatly contri~?ute to the ~ 0~ failures experienced by the spreaders. This adversely affects the reliability of spreaders, necessitates extra maintenance of spreaders and reduces the life of spreaders.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a shock absorption assembly which seeks to uv~ the abuv~ --ntioned disadvantages.
Accordingly, the present invention provides a shock absorption assembly for use with a cargo container- hAn~l1;ng spreader comprising an engagement means for engaging with and locking onto a cargo container corner casting; a mounting plate for mounting the engagement means on a spreader, the engagement means being journalled to the mounting plate to allow rotation of the engagement means with respect to the mounting plate, the mounting plate being moveable with respect to the spreader; actuation means (18) for rotating the engagement means (9), the activation means (18) belng mounted on the mounting plate (6) and shock absorber means to absorb forces caused by movement of the mounting means with respect to the spreader .
EP-A-0442 154, DE-A-2 227 823 and DE-A-2 756 340 all disclose twistlock mechanisms for engaging and locking onto corner castings of cargo containers. The corner castings are engaged by a twistlock shaft which terminates in a twistlock head. The shaft is rotatably mounted with respect to the container spreader. A piston or the like is actuable to cause rotation of the shaft. The piston or the like is mounted remote from the element upon which the shaft is rotatably mounted.
Preferably the engagement means is journalled to the mounting plate to prevent lateral or longitudinal movement of the engagement means with respect to the mounting plate.
In order that the present invention may be more readily understood, an embodiment thereof is now described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIGURE 1 is a perspective view of one end of a spreader housing two shock absorption assemblies embodying the present invention; ~ ncn ~HEET
CA 0220.498 1997-04-11 FIGURE 2 is a detailed perspective view of the left hand corner of the spreader of Figure 1, the spreader casing being cut away to show the shock absorption assembly embodying the present invention;
FIGURE 3 is an end view, partly in cross-section of the left hand corner of the spreader of Figure 1 showing a shock absorption assembly embodying the present invention;
FIGURE 4 is a side view, partly in cross-section, of the left hand corner of the spreader of Figure 1 showing a shock absorption assembly embodying the present invention;
FIGURE 5 shows the shock absorption assembly of Figure 3 when correctly engaging a corner casting on a conta iner;
FIGURE 6 shows the shock absorption assembly of Figure 3 when incorrectly engaging a corner casting of a container;
FIGURE 7 is a cross-sectional view of a floating twistlock r--h~nism for use with the present invention;
and FIGURE 8 is a perspective view of a shock absorption assembly embodying the present invention positioned between an arm and a main body of a spreader.
Referring to Figure 1, a spreader 1 for use with a quayside crane or the like comprises a main body 2 for AMENDED SHEET
WO 96/11873 P(,I/lL~
_ / 1 attachment to the quayside crane or the like and a pair of telescopic arms 3 which extend from the main body 2 of the spreader 1. The arms 3 extend horizontally from the main body 2 in a side-by-side relationship and are substantially parallel to one another. The arms terminate in a single horizontal end beam 4 which is perpendicular to the pair of telescopic arms 3. The other end of the spreader 1, which is not shown in Figure 1, corresponds.
The end beam 4 is hollow and houses, at each end of the end beam 4, a twistlock r ~hAnic~m 5 for engaging a corner casting of a container to be lifted. Figure 2 shows the twistlock r-~hAni em 5 housed within the left hand end of the end beam 4 shown in Figure 1. The end beam 4 has an upper surface 4A and a lower surface 4B.
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wo 96/11873 r~lL,~
Ref erring to Figures 2, 3 and 4, the twistlock r~-h~n; <-m 5 is secured in the corner of the end beam 4 by means of a twistlock mounting plate 6 enclosed in the corner of the end beam 4.
The end beam 4 is provided with a downwardly extending hollow leg 7. The leg 7 and the corner of the end beam 4 define a chamber for housing both a shock absorption assembly embodying the present invention and the twistlock assembly 5. The leg 7 is closed by a corner box 8 which fits inside the leg 7 and which is slidable up and down within the leg 7.
The twistlock assembly 5 comprises an elongate twistlock shaft 9 of circular cross-section formed with a rounded arrow head lO at one end, which head lO comprises the twistlock head lO. The twistlock head lO is only as wide as the diameter of the twistlock shaft 9 but the sides 11 of the twistlock head lO are wider than the diameter of the twistlock shaf t 9 .
The twistlock shaft 9 is housed within a twistlock guide 12 and is rotatable therein. The twistlock guide 12 has the same cross-section as the twistlock head lO so that when the twistlock head lO is aligned with the twistlock guide 12, the twistlock head lO is flush with the twistlock guide 12 but, when the twistlock head lO is rotated through 90 with respect to the twistlock guide 12, the sides 11 of the twistlock head lO become exposed.
The other end of the twistlock guide 12 remote from the twistlock head lO is supported by the twistlock mounting plate 6 . The twistlock shaf t 9 extends through the twistlock guide 12 and through the twistlock mounting plate 6 in which the twistlock shaft 9 is journalled by wo 96/1 1873 r~
s means of a spherical and annular thrust bearing and washer assembly 13. The twistlock shaft 9 ter~inates on the other side of the twistlock mounting plate 6 opposite the twistlock head 10 in a split collar 14 to which is secured a twistlock cap 15.
The twistlock cap 15 is provided with an eccentric projection 16 which is best seen in Figure 3. A lug 17 is mounted on the eccentric projection 16 which is engaged by an actuating piston 18 mounted, at its other end, to the twistlock mounting plate 6. Actuation of the piston 18 causes the lug 17 to move through 90 about the centre of the twistlock cap 15 thereby rotating the twistlock head 10 at the other end of the twistlock shaft g through 90.
This - -hAn;,-~^ comprises the twistlock assembly 5 and allows the twistlock head 10 to engage or disengage a corner casting of a container in response to actuation of the actuating piston 18, which actuation is controlled by a spreader operator.
The twistlock shaft 9 is journalled in the twistlock mounting plate 6 but no lateral or longitudinal ~ ~ ~ of the twistlock mounting plate 6 with respect to the twistlock shaft 9 is permitted.
The corner box 8 which closes the end of the end beam leg 7 is formed with an aperture 19 through which the twistlock guide 12 and shaft 9 pass. The twistlock guide 12 and the shaft 9 pass through a closed lower end of the corner box 8 which is herein termed the landing plate 20.
Four tie rods 21 (of which two can be seen in Figures 3 and 4) are fixed to and extend from the landing plate 20. The tie rods 21 project through the twistlock mounting plate 6 and terminate at and are f ixed to an absorber mounting plate 22.
Wo 96/11873 r~ L,~r '~
Between the absorber mounting plate Z2 and the upper surface 4A of the end beam 4 a main shock absorber 23 is provided. Accordingly, should the corner box 8 come into contact with any surface likely to produce a shock, the main shock absorber 23 will be deformed to absorb that shock. Two further tie rods 24, shorter than the three previously described tie rods 21, extends from the absorber mounting plate 22 to the region of the twistlock mounting plate 6 to which the actuating piston 18 is f ixed.
Should the twistlock head 10 on the twistlock shaft 9 miss its covpeLdting aperture in the corner casting of a container and accidentally engage the surface of the corner casting or another area of the container, then the twistlock shaft 9 which is pivotly mounted on the twistlock mounting plate 6 pushes against the six tie rods 21, 24, thus causing the absorber mounting plate 22 to e:sS the main shock absorber 23.
The upper end of the corner box 8 is formed internally with a further plate in spaced relation to the landing plate 20, which further plate is herein termed the int~ - - i Ate plate 25 . The int~ - ~ i Ate plate 25 is not located immediately adjacent the upper end of the corner box 8 but is, instead, located slightly within ~the corner box 8 to def ine a small recess at the upper end of the corner box 8. This recess is filled with an int~ -'iAte shock absorber 26 which is sandwiched between the int~ -'iAte plate 25 and the lower surface 4B of the end beam 4 such that, when the landing plate 20 comes into contact with another surface, not only is the main shock absorber 23 deformed to absorb shock but also the in~ -'iAte shock absorber 26 is deformed to absorb shock.
CA 02202498 1997-04-ll Wo96/l1873 P~
Preferably the main and intermediate shock absorbers 23, 26 may be made from materials such as engineering elastomers, both synthetic or natural, or a combination. Alternatively, a hydraulic shock absorber may also be used in absorber 23.
The maximum compression of the intermediate shock absorber 2 6 is governed by the depth of the recess provided at the upper end of the corner box 8. When the intermediate shock absorber 26 is compressed by the landing plate 20 of the corner box 8 contacting a surface then, at maximum compression of the intermediate shock absorber 26, the edges of the corner box 8 will contact the lower surface 4B of the end beam 4 so that no more force will be absorbed by the intermediate shock absorber 26. Similarly, when the twistlock head lO is incvLLe:vLly aligned with a corner casting and is forced into the leg 7 of the end beam 4 compressing the main shock absorber 23, compression of the main shock absorber 23 is limited to the distance between the edge of the corner box 8 at the upper end and the lower surface 4B of the end beam 4 as shown in Figure 3. Maximum compression is shown in Figure 5 which illustrates the twistlock head lO being accurately located in a container corner casting, all the shocks being caused by the landing plate 20 contacting the corn r casting rather than the twistlock head 10 contacting any part of the container corner casting.
Figure 6 shows the twistlock head lO missing the dpeL LULe in a container corner casting and subsequently essing the main and int~ te shock absorbers 23, 26 .
The arrows indicated on Figures 5 and 6 are representative of the transmittal of force through the respective components of the twistlock and shock absorption assemblies .
As can be seen from Figures 5 and 6, it is not always possible to locate the twistlock head lO accurately in a respective aperture in a corner casting of a container. Accordingly, it is desirable that the twistlock r-^hAni F~ 5 is allowed some degree of play in order to maximize the number of occasions upon which the twistlock head lO can be located in an aperture in a corner casting.
For this reason a floating twistlock - -hAnir~ 5' may be provided such as the one shown in Figure 7. This twistlock 1 -hAniFm 5' may be entirely interchangeable with the r- ' Ani~ 5 shown in Figures 1 to 6.
The rounded arrow-shape of the twistlock head 10 means that, should the twistlock head engage an edge of an aperture of a corner casting, then the twistlock shaft 9 is allowed to rotate about a point just above the twistlock cap 15 so that the twistlock head lO can slide into the aperture . Play or f loat may be provided by a pair of thrust washers 13 which secure the twistlock guide 12 and shaft 9 to the twistlock mounting plate 6. The washers 13 are of a ~liAr ~:L slightly greater than that of the twistlock shaft 9, thereby allowing lateral move~ent of the shaft 9 with respect to the mounting plate 6. Similarly, at the twistlock head lO end of the twistlock shaft 9, the twistlock guide 12 may be provided with a necked portion 12 ' which allows ~ ,v~ ~ of the twistlock shaft 9 within the aperture 19 in the landing plate 20 of the corner box 8. Preferably, the amount of float is limited to a maximum of 8 mm in any direction from the true centre line of the twistlock shaft 9. Together with the other three twistlocks on a spreader, the spreader can At -'-te minor deformities, defects and inaccuracies in the CA 02202498 l997-04-ll WO 96/11873 r~,l/IL,~ ?
-manufactured corner castings and containers may thus bemore easily engaged with the spreader. By providing a certain degree of float in the twistlock - ~^hAn; F'm 5 ~, engagement of the twistlocks in the corner castings becomes a faster operation since it requires less accuracy in the positioning of the spreader.
Figure 8 shows a spreader body shock absorber assembly 30 which provides shock absorption between the main body 2 of the spreader l and a telescopic arm 3 of the spreader 1.
A shock absorber 31 is mounted on the main body 2 of the spreader 1 by a mounting plate 32, the other end of the shock absorber 31 being attached to an arm plate 33.
An int~ -'iAte shock absorber 34 is provided on the arm plate 33 and is sandwiched between the arm plate 33 and a wear pad 35 which contacts the telescopic arm 3. The telescopic arm 3 is slidable over the wear pad 35. This shock absorber assembly 30 enables some of the shock imparted by the container onto the spreader 1 to be AhSnrhP~l between the tP1 Pccopic arms 3 and the main body 2 of the spreader 1, thus reducing the magnitude of any shocks transmitted to the main body 2 of the spreader 1.
Some spreaders 1 are produced for lifting twin 20-foot ISO containers. Such spreaders 1 may also incuL~u~ c.te shock absorption assemblies according to the present invention.
"A SHOCK ABSORPTION A':.~T~MRT.Y FOR A SPREADER"
This invention relates to a shock absorption assembly for use with a cargo container hAn~ll ;ng spreader.
A spreader is a lifting frame which is attached to a crane or a fork lift and is designed to lock onto a cargo container such as an ISO (International Standards Organisation) container. Each container has four corner castings situated at the four corners of the container's upper surface. The corner castings are engaged by twistlock r-^hAn;~"~ carried on the spreader which enable the containers to be lifted safely. Spreaders having telescopic arms are known which are able to be adjusted to pick up containers of various sizes and weights. These spreaders are provided on quayside cranes to load and unload container ships. These spreaders are also used with gantry cranes and other lifting and transporting r~rh;n~c:
in container marchA 1 1; ng yards .
Spreaders are subjected to high shock and stress loads during engaging, lifting, disengaging and setting down operations. These shocks greatly contri~?ute to the ~ 0~ failures experienced by the spreaders. This adversely affects the reliability of spreaders, necessitates extra maintenance of spreaders and reduces the life of spreaders.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a shock absorption assembly which seeks to uv~ the abuv~ --ntioned disadvantages.
Accordingly, the present invention provides a shock absorption assembly for use with a cargo container- hAn~l1;ng spreader comprising an engagement means for engaging with and locking onto a cargo container corner casting; a mounting plate for mounting the engagement means on a spreader, the engagement means being journalled to the mounting plate to allow rotation of the engagement means with respect to the mounting plate, the mounting plate being moveable with respect to the spreader; actuation means (18) for rotating the engagement means (9), the activation means (18) belng mounted on the mounting plate (6) and shock absorber means to absorb forces caused by movement of the mounting means with respect to the spreader .
EP-A-0442 154, DE-A-2 227 823 and DE-A-2 756 340 all disclose twistlock mechanisms for engaging and locking onto corner castings of cargo containers. The corner castings are engaged by a twistlock shaft which terminates in a twistlock head. The shaft is rotatably mounted with respect to the container spreader. A piston or the like is actuable to cause rotation of the shaft. The piston or the like is mounted remote from the element upon which the shaft is rotatably mounted.
Preferably the engagement means is journalled to the mounting plate to prevent lateral or longitudinal movement of the engagement means with respect to the mounting plate.
In order that the present invention may be more readily understood, an embodiment thereof is now described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIGURE 1 is a perspective view of one end of a spreader housing two shock absorption assemblies embodying the present invention; ~ ncn ~HEET
CA 0220.498 1997-04-11 FIGURE 2 is a detailed perspective view of the left hand corner of the spreader of Figure 1, the spreader casing being cut away to show the shock absorption assembly embodying the present invention;
FIGURE 3 is an end view, partly in cross-section of the left hand corner of the spreader of Figure 1 showing a shock absorption assembly embodying the present invention;
FIGURE 4 is a side view, partly in cross-section, of the left hand corner of the spreader of Figure 1 showing a shock absorption assembly embodying the present invention;
FIGURE 5 shows the shock absorption assembly of Figure 3 when correctly engaging a corner casting on a conta iner;
FIGURE 6 shows the shock absorption assembly of Figure 3 when incorrectly engaging a corner casting of a container;
FIGURE 7 is a cross-sectional view of a floating twistlock r--h~nism for use with the present invention;
and FIGURE 8 is a perspective view of a shock absorption assembly embodying the present invention positioned between an arm and a main body of a spreader.
Referring to Figure 1, a spreader 1 for use with a quayside crane or the like comprises a main body 2 for AMENDED SHEET
WO 96/11873 P(,I/lL~
_ / 1 attachment to the quayside crane or the like and a pair of telescopic arms 3 which extend from the main body 2 of the spreader 1. The arms 3 extend horizontally from the main body 2 in a side-by-side relationship and are substantially parallel to one another. The arms terminate in a single horizontal end beam 4 which is perpendicular to the pair of telescopic arms 3. The other end of the spreader 1, which is not shown in Figure 1, corresponds.
The end beam 4 is hollow and houses, at each end of the end beam 4, a twistlock r ~hAnic~m 5 for engaging a corner casting of a container to be lifted. Figure 2 shows the twistlock r-~hAni em 5 housed within the left hand end of the end beam 4 shown in Figure 1. The end beam 4 has an upper surface 4A and a lower surface 4B.
~. .~,.._. .__ .~. .___ .~. .. _ A.~.
wo 96/11873 r~lL,~
Ref erring to Figures 2, 3 and 4, the twistlock r~-h~n; <-m 5 is secured in the corner of the end beam 4 by means of a twistlock mounting plate 6 enclosed in the corner of the end beam 4.
The end beam 4 is provided with a downwardly extending hollow leg 7. The leg 7 and the corner of the end beam 4 define a chamber for housing both a shock absorption assembly embodying the present invention and the twistlock assembly 5. The leg 7 is closed by a corner box 8 which fits inside the leg 7 and which is slidable up and down within the leg 7.
The twistlock assembly 5 comprises an elongate twistlock shaft 9 of circular cross-section formed with a rounded arrow head lO at one end, which head lO comprises the twistlock head lO. The twistlock head lO is only as wide as the diameter of the twistlock shaft 9 but the sides 11 of the twistlock head lO are wider than the diameter of the twistlock shaf t 9 .
The twistlock shaft 9 is housed within a twistlock guide 12 and is rotatable therein. The twistlock guide 12 has the same cross-section as the twistlock head lO so that when the twistlock head lO is aligned with the twistlock guide 12, the twistlock head lO is flush with the twistlock guide 12 but, when the twistlock head lO is rotated through 90 with respect to the twistlock guide 12, the sides 11 of the twistlock head lO become exposed.
The other end of the twistlock guide 12 remote from the twistlock head lO is supported by the twistlock mounting plate 6 . The twistlock shaf t 9 extends through the twistlock guide 12 and through the twistlock mounting plate 6 in which the twistlock shaft 9 is journalled by wo 96/1 1873 r~
s means of a spherical and annular thrust bearing and washer assembly 13. The twistlock shaft 9 ter~inates on the other side of the twistlock mounting plate 6 opposite the twistlock head 10 in a split collar 14 to which is secured a twistlock cap 15.
The twistlock cap 15 is provided with an eccentric projection 16 which is best seen in Figure 3. A lug 17 is mounted on the eccentric projection 16 which is engaged by an actuating piston 18 mounted, at its other end, to the twistlock mounting plate 6. Actuation of the piston 18 causes the lug 17 to move through 90 about the centre of the twistlock cap 15 thereby rotating the twistlock head 10 at the other end of the twistlock shaft g through 90.
This - -hAn;,-~^ comprises the twistlock assembly 5 and allows the twistlock head 10 to engage or disengage a corner casting of a container in response to actuation of the actuating piston 18, which actuation is controlled by a spreader operator.
The twistlock shaft 9 is journalled in the twistlock mounting plate 6 but no lateral or longitudinal ~ ~ ~ of the twistlock mounting plate 6 with respect to the twistlock shaft 9 is permitted.
The corner box 8 which closes the end of the end beam leg 7 is formed with an aperture 19 through which the twistlock guide 12 and shaft 9 pass. The twistlock guide 12 and the shaft 9 pass through a closed lower end of the corner box 8 which is herein termed the landing plate 20.
Four tie rods 21 (of which two can be seen in Figures 3 and 4) are fixed to and extend from the landing plate 20. The tie rods 21 project through the twistlock mounting plate 6 and terminate at and are f ixed to an absorber mounting plate 22.
Wo 96/11873 r~ L,~r '~
Between the absorber mounting plate Z2 and the upper surface 4A of the end beam 4 a main shock absorber 23 is provided. Accordingly, should the corner box 8 come into contact with any surface likely to produce a shock, the main shock absorber 23 will be deformed to absorb that shock. Two further tie rods 24, shorter than the three previously described tie rods 21, extends from the absorber mounting plate 22 to the region of the twistlock mounting plate 6 to which the actuating piston 18 is f ixed.
Should the twistlock head 10 on the twistlock shaft 9 miss its covpeLdting aperture in the corner casting of a container and accidentally engage the surface of the corner casting or another area of the container, then the twistlock shaft 9 which is pivotly mounted on the twistlock mounting plate 6 pushes against the six tie rods 21, 24, thus causing the absorber mounting plate 22 to e:sS the main shock absorber 23.
The upper end of the corner box 8 is formed internally with a further plate in spaced relation to the landing plate 20, which further plate is herein termed the int~ - - i Ate plate 25 . The int~ - ~ i Ate plate 25 is not located immediately adjacent the upper end of the corner box 8 but is, instead, located slightly within ~the corner box 8 to def ine a small recess at the upper end of the corner box 8. This recess is filled with an int~ -'iAte shock absorber 26 which is sandwiched between the int~ -'iAte plate 25 and the lower surface 4B of the end beam 4 such that, when the landing plate 20 comes into contact with another surface, not only is the main shock absorber 23 deformed to absorb shock but also the in~ -'iAte shock absorber 26 is deformed to absorb shock.
CA 02202498 1997-04-ll Wo96/l1873 P~
Preferably the main and intermediate shock absorbers 23, 26 may be made from materials such as engineering elastomers, both synthetic or natural, or a combination. Alternatively, a hydraulic shock absorber may also be used in absorber 23.
The maximum compression of the intermediate shock absorber 2 6 is governed by the depth of the recess provided at the upper end of the corner box 8. When the intermediate shock absorber 26 is compressed by the landing plate 20 of the corner box 8 contacting a surface then, at maximum compression of the intermediate shock absorber 26, the edges of the corner box 8 will contact the lower surface 4B of the end beam 4 so that no more force will be absorbed by the intermediate shock absorber 26. Similarly, when the twistlock head lO is incvLLe:vLly aligned with a corner casting and is forced into the leg 7 of the end beam 4 compressing the main shock absorber 23, compression of the main shock absorber 23 is limited to the distance between the edge of the corner box 8 at the upper end and the lower surface 4B of the end beam 4 as shown in Figure 3. Maximum compression is shown in Figure 5 which illustrates the twistlock head lO being accurately located in a container corner casting, all the shocks being caused by the landing plate 20 contacting the corn r casting rather than the twistlock head 10 contacting any part of the container corner casting.
Figure 6 shows the twistlock head lO missing the dpeL LULe in a container corner casting and subsequently essing the main and int~ te shock absorbers 23, 26 .
The arrows indicated on Figures 5 and 6 are representative of the transmittal of force through the respective components of the twistlock and shock absorption assemblies .
As can be seen from Figures 5 and 6, it is not always possible to locate the twistlock head lO accurately in a respective aperture in a corner casting of a container. Accordingly, it is desirable that the twistlock r-^hAni F~ 5 is allowed some degree of play in order to maximize the number of occasions upon which the twistlock head lO can be located in an aperture in a corner casting.
For this reason a floating twistlock - -hAnir~ 5' may be provided such as the one shown in Figure 7. This twistlock 1 -hAniFm 5' may be entirely interchangeable with the r- ' Ani~ 5 shown in Figures 1 to 6.
The rounded arrow-shape of the twistlock head 10 means that, should the twistlock head engage an edge of an aperture of a corner casting, then the twistlock shaft 9 is allowed to rotate about a point just above the twistlock cap 15 so that the twistlock head lO can slide into the aperture . Play or f loat may be provided by a pair of thrust washers 13 which secure the twistlock guide 12 and shaft 9 to the twistlock mounting plate 6. The washers 13 are of a ~liAr ~:L slightly greater than that of the twistlock shaft 9, thereby allowing lateral move~ent of the shaft 9 with respect to the mounting plate 6. Similarly, at the twistlock head lO end of the twistlock shaft 9, the twistlock guide 12 may be provided with a necked portion 12 ' which allows ~ ,v~ ~ of the twistlock shaft 9 within the aperture 19 in the landing plate 20 of the corner box 8. Preferably, the amount of float is limited to a maximum of 8 mm in any direction from the true centre line of the twistlock shaft 9. Together with the other three twistlocks on a spreader, the spreader can At -'-te minor deformities, defects and inaccuracies in the CA 02202498 l997-04-ll WO 96/11873 r~,l/IL,~ ?
-manufactured corner castings and containers may thus bemore easily engaged with the spreader. By providing a certain degree of float in the twistlock - ~^hAn; F'm 5 ~, engagement of the twistlocks in the corner castings becomes a faster operation since it requires less accuracy in the positioning of the spreader.
Figure 8 shows a spreader body shock absorber assembly 30 which provides shock absorption between the main body 2 of the spreader l and a telescopic arm 3 of the spreader 1.
A shock absorber 31 is mounted on the main body 2 of the spreader 1 by a mounting plate 32, the other end of the shock absorber 31 being attached to an arm plate 33.
An int~ -'iAte shock absorber 34 is provided on the arm plate 33 and is sandwiched between the arm plate 33 and a wear pad 35 which contacts the telescopic arm 3. The telescopic arm 3 is slidable over the wear pad 35. This shock absorber assembly 30 enables some of the shock imparted by the container onto the spreader 1 to be AhSnrhP~l between the tP1 Pccopic arms 3 and the main body 2 of the spreader 1, thus reducing the magnitude of any shocks transmitted to the main body 2 of the spreader 1.
Some spreaders 1 are produced for lifting twin 20-foot ISO containers. Such spreaders 1 may also incuL~u~ c.te shock absorption assemblies according to the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. A shock absorption assembly for a cargo container handling spreader (1) comprising: engagement means (9,10) for engaging with and locking onto a cargo container corner casting; a mounting plate (6) for mounting the engagement means (9,10) on a spreader, the engagement means (9) being journalled to the mounting plate (6) to allow rotation of the engagement means (9) with respect to the mounting plate (6), the mounting plate (6) being moveable with respect to the spreader (1); actuation means (18) for rotating the engagement means (9), the actuation means (18) being mounted on the mounting plate (6); and shock absorber means (22) to absorb forces caused by movement of the mounting plate (6) with respect to the spreader (1).
2. A shock absorption assembly according to Claim 1, wherein the shock absorber means (23) comprises a shock absorber (23) located between the spreader (1) and the mounting plate (6).
3. A shock absorption assembly according to Claim 2, wherein an absorber mounting means (22) is fixedly mounted to the mounting plate (6), the shock absorber (23) being located between the absorber mounting means (22) and the spreader (1).
4. A shock absorption assembly according to any preceding claim, wherein the assembly is housed in an end beam (4) of a spreader (1).
5. A shock absorption assembly according to any preceding claim, wherein a landing plate (20) is provided through which a part of the engagement means (9) passes.
6. A shock absorption assembly according to Claim 5, wherein an intermediate shock absorber (26) is provided between the landing plate (20) and the spreader (1) for further shock absorption.
7. A shock absorption assembly according to Claim 5 or 6, wherein a plurality of rods (21) are fixed to and extend from the landing plate (20) and terminate at and are fixed to the mounting plate (6).
8. A shock absorption assembly according to Claim 6, wherein a part of the engagement means (9) extends out of the end beam (4) and through a corner box (8) which is slidably mounted with respect to the end beam (4), which corner box (8) carries the intermediate shock absorber (26) and wherein a surface of the corner box (8) comprises the landing plate (20).
9. A shock absorption assembly according to Claim 8, wherein the absorber mounting means (22), the mounting plate (6) and the corner box (8) are fixedly connected by tie rods (21).
10. A shock absorption assembly according to any preceding claim, wherein the engagement means (9) comprises a twistlock assembly.
11. A shock absorption assembly according to Claim 10, wherein the twistlock assembly has a twistlock shaft (9), the twistlock shaft (9) being rotatably mounted with respect to the mounting plate (6) and being pivotable by a limited amount with respect to the mounting plate (6) to provide a degree of float for a twistlock head (10) of the twistlock mechanism.
12. A shock absorption assembly according to any preceding claim, wherein the engagement means (9) is journalled to the mounting plate (9) to prevent lateral or longitudinal movement of the engagement means (9) with respect to the mounting plate (9).
13. A shock absorption assembly for a cargo container handling spreader (1) having telescopic arms (3) comprising a shock absorber (34) fixedly mounted at one end to a main body of a spreader (1) and slidably mounted at the other end to a telescopic arm (3) of the spreader (1) for absorption of forces transmitted through the telescopic arm (3) to the main body of the spreader (1).
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9420673A GB2294027B (en) | 1994-10-13 | 1994-10-13 | A shock absorption assembly for a spreader |
| GB9420673.7 | 1994-10-13 | ||
| CN95195643.4A CN1070456C (en) | 1994-10-13 | 1995-10-10 | Shock absorption assembly for spreader |
| HK98104718A HK1005616A1 (en) | 1994-10-13 | 1998-06-01 | A shock absorption assembly for a spreader |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2202498A1 true CA2202498A1 (en) | 1996-04-25 |
Family
ID=27179080
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002202498A Abandoned CA2202498A1 (en) | 1994-10-13 | 1995-10-10 | A shock absorption assembly for a spreader |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0785902B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3504669B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1070456C (en) |
| AU (1) | AU3531995A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2202498A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69506898T2 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2294027B (en) |
| HK (1) | HK1005616A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1996011873A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100718933B1 (en) * | 2000-06-22 | 2007-05-17 | 삼성중공업 주식회사 | Buffer device for spradar of container crane |
| NL1018049C2 (en) * | 2001-05-11 | 2002-11-12 | Stinis Beheer Bv | Alternately loaded connection structure and lifting equipment equipped with it. |
| GB2392432B (en) * | 2001-06-22 | 2004-07-28 | Natsteel Engineering Pte Ltd | Lifting apparatus |
| WO2003000582A1 (en) * | 2001-06-22 | 2003-01-03 | Natsteel Engineering Pte. Ltd. | Lifting apparatus |
| EP1458642B1 (en) | 2001-10-29 | 2006-09-27 | KCI Konecranes Plc | Apparatus for a locking unit of a container spreader |
| DE102010007674B3 (en) * | 2010-02-10 | 2011-06-30 | Kapelski, Rainer, 24401 | lashing platform |
| CN102491161A (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2012-06-13 | 李怀昌 | Twist lock device for container hanging tool |
| GB2517967B (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2015-09-02 | Strainstall Uk Ltd | Twist-lock collar |
| CN107499737A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2017-12-22 | 朱友富 | A kind of top seal structure of hard open top container |
| CN110271787B (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2020-05-05 | 丰疆智能科技股份有限公司 | Automatic lifting button lock and automatic button locking method thereof |
| CN110775820B (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2021-01-08 | 三一海洋重工有限公司 | Hanger damping system and method |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1325009A (en) * | 1970-04-21 | 1973-08-01 | Rubery Owen & Co Ltd | Means for connecting members together |
| US3734442A (en) * | 1971-03-01 | 1973-05-22 | T Lunde | Container fastener means |
| DE2227823C3 (en) * | 1972-06-08 | 1975-10-16 | Friedrich Kocks Gmbh, 2800 Bremen | Loading gear for containers |
| DE2756340A1 (en) * | 1977-12-17 | 1979-06-28 | Man Wolffkran | Corner lock for container spreader frame - has sprung pin housed in sleeve and rotatable through 90 degrees to engage corner fitting |
| GB2031841A (en) * | 1978-10-23 | 1980-04-30 | Lancer Boss Ltd | Load lifting frames or use with load lifting vehicles and equipment |
| EP0052119A1 (en) * | 1980-05-23 | 1982-05-26 | Ab Backtemans Patenter | Spreader |
| EP0442154A1 (en) * | 1990-02-14 | 1991-08-21 | NLW Fördertechnik GmbH i.K. | Supporting frame for containers |
-
1994
- 1994-10-13 GB GB9420673A patent/GB2294027B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-10-10 CA CA002202498A patent/CA2202498A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-10-10 EP EP95932160A patent/EP0785902B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-10-10 WO PCT/IB1995/000860 patent/WO1996011873A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-10-10 DE DE69506898T patent/DE69506898T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-10-10 AU AU35319/95A patent/AU3531995A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-10-10 CN CN95195643.4A patent/CN1070456C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-10-10 JP JP51307296A patent/JP3504669B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-06-01 HK HK98104718A patent/HK1005616A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU3531995A (en) | 1996-05-06 |
| DE69506898T2 (en) | 1999-05-12 |
| JP3504669B2 (en) | 2004-03-08 |
| CN1163600A (en) | 1997-10-29 |
| JPH10508566A (en) | 1998-08-25 |
| WO1996011873A1 (en) | 1996-04-25 |
| HK1005616A1 (en) | 1999-01-15 |
| GB9420673D0 (en) | 1994-11-30 |
| CN1070456C (en) | 2001-09-05 |
| GB2294027A (en) | 1996-04-17 |
| EP0785902A1 (en) | 1997-07-30 |
| DE69506898D1 (en) | 1999-02-04 |
| GB2294027B (en) | 1997-12-03 |
| EP0785902B1 (en) | 1998-12-23 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |