CA2147865A1 - Load-transfer equipment (spreader) for various types of transport unit - Google Patents
Load-transfer equipment (spreader) for various types of transport unitInfo
- Publication number
- CA2147865A1 CA2147865A1 CA002147865A CA2147865A CA2147865A1 CA 2147865 A1 CA2147865 A1 CA 2147865A1 CA 002147865 A CA002147865 A CA 002147865A CA 2147865 A CA2147865 A CA 2147865A CA 2147865 A1 CA2147865 A1 CA 2147865A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- gripping
- spreader
- arms
- cross beam
- twistlocks
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
- B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
- B66C1/62—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled
- B66C1/66—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled for engaging holes, recesses, or abutments on articles specially provided for facilitating handling thereof
- B66C1/663—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled for engaging holes, recesses, or abutments on articles specially provided for facilitating handling thereof for containers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
- B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
- B66C1/22—Rigid members, e.g. L-shaped members, with parts engaging the under surface of the loads; Crane hooks
- B66C1/223—Rigid members, e.g. L-shaped members, with parts engaging the under surface of the loads; Crane hooks for containers
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention concerns a spreader (10) suitable for use with various types of transport unit, such as containers (1), swap bodies (2) or articulated trailers, and fitted with first and second attachment fixtures (twistlocks (3) and grippers (8)) sized to suit the particular type of transport unit. The lift height of the spreader when changing from one transport unit to another is considerably reduced by virtue of the fact that not only can the grippers (8) on their grip arms (5) be raised and lowered, relative to the spreader cross-beam (7), between the gripping position and a retracted position but also the height of the twistlocks (3) can be adjusted relative to the cross-beam (7, 7') by means of support arms (9) between a gripping position and a retracted position.
Description
- -,LE. r~ ``il,L ~`
TEXT TRANSLATION
. .
Krupp Fordertechnik GmbH, Franz-Schubert-Stral3e 13, D-47226 Duisburg LOADING GEAR (SPREADER) FOR VARIOUS TRANSPORT UNITS
The invention relates to a loading gear having the features of the generic clause of the patent claim.
Such loading gear, generally known as spreaders, are as a rule equipped with telescopically movable parts, in order to be able to transload transport units (transport means) of different sizes.
Because of the requirement of accurate positioning, for example when transloading transport containers, in the following referred to as containers, these spreaders must be so designed that pendulum movements during the loading procedure are kept to a minimum.
Freely movable linkages must therefore be avoided and solid designs of the lifting, turning and spreading drive units are necessary.
In order to keep transloading times as short as possible, it is moreover necessary to pelroll.l all movements of the tr~n~1o~(1ing gear over the ~hul~l possible ~i~t~nt~s.
Since any particular spreader must be able to transload not only containers of uniform sizes or other transport means of uniform dimensions, but also very different transport means, these spreaders are equipped with various gripping means adapted to the different transport means: for the transloading of containers these must be gripped in a lockable manner at corner fittings provided at their tops. Socalled twistlocks are used for that purpose which as a rule are fitted under the cross beam of the spreader. For transloading so-called interchangeable containers, arms are required which laterally embrace the interchangeable container, h~nging down from the cross beam and having second gripping means fitted to their lower ends, such as gripping claws, which engage gripping rebates provided at the bottom of the interchangeable containers. Such gripping rebates are moreover also provided on semi-trailers of road trucks to enable these semi-trailers likewise to be transloaded, eg. onto railway carriages. In that case the gripping rebates are provided rather in the upper region of the semi-trailer, eg. l,Sm above the tyre ground contact level.
Thus the transport units to be loaded or transloaded - for a given reference level - have different "gripping levels". As regards the spreader, this involves the two following .
extreme positions:
The lowest position for the cross beam of the spreader above the reference level is ~tt~in~
in a loading procedure if a container of minimum structural height is to be loaded. This level in the case of the lowest conventional container, the so-called 8ft containers is 2,44m above the reference level.
The highest position of the cross beam of the spreader is generally ~tt~ined when gripping a semi-trailer. The reason is that for that purpose the lowermost ends of the downwardly swung gripping arms must be about l,5m above the reference level, ie. the wheel contract level of the semi-trailer, because the gripping rebates as aforesdid are at the level of about 1,5m. These gripping arms have a quite considerable length, because between their gripping claws and the transverse beam of the spreader, a substantial headroom must be available in order to enable even the largest interchangeable containers to be 10~de~. The largest at present conventionally available interchangeable containers, so-called jumbo containers, require for example a headroom of 3,6m. Accordingly, the twistlocks fitted to the cross beam during loading of a semi-trailer are at a level 5,1m above the leference level, ie. 2,67m above the lowest level (when gripping an 8ft container). This subst~nti~l length of lift of the spreader, because of the above mentioned necessarily rigid load conveyance, results in substantial requirements as to rigidity of the lifting means and the guiding forces to be applied during lo~-ling.
On the afo-egoing basis it is an object of the invention to reduce the ~llcsses to which the lifting means are subjected.
In order to attain this object a loading gear having the features of the patent claim is proposed. Thereby, inter alia, a minimi~ing of the required lifting stroke between the extreme positions of the spreader during loading dirr~ ~ll means is ~ined The aforesaid components to be used in accordance with the invention in respect of size, configuration, material selection and technical concept are not subject to any exceptional conditions, so that the selection criteria known in the preYailing field of application can be applied without limitation.
Further details, features and advantages of the subject of the invention will become apparellt from the following description of the accompanying drawings, in which - by way of example - a preferred embodiment of an apparatus according to the invention is illustrated.
There is shown in:
Figure 1 a spreader in longitudinal side elevation, wherein in the left hand half of the figure the gripping arms for interchangeable containers are swung upwards and the carrying arms for container transloading have been swung down into the operatingposition, whereas at the end of the spreader, which in the drawing is on the right hand side, the gripping arms for reasons of clarity have been swung down into their gripping position, and the carrying arms have been swung upwardly into their non-used position;
Figure 2 the same spreader in an end elevation, wh~ein - merely for ease of understanding - both, the gripping arms, as well as the carrying arms, are in their downwardly swung gripping positions, Figure 3 the same spreader in an end elevation with ulJvvardly swung carrier arms and downwardly swung gripping arms in the gripping position at the lower end of an in~ llallgeable container, as well as Figure 4 the same spreader, once again in an end-on elevation with downwardly swung carrier arms and upwardly swung gripping arms in the gripping position for loading a container.
The loading gear, generally denoted as 10, adapted to be raised and lowered by transport means not illustrated in the drawing, comprises a frame-shaped transverse structure 7, having telescopable endfaces. To the telescopable end members carrier arms 9 of cage-like structure are fitted pivotally about in pairs about a horizontal axis 9'. At the free ends of the carrier arms 9 twistlock gripping means 3 are provided on the face thereof and in the downwardly h~n~ing carrier arm position with their pivoting axis extending approxim~tely vertically. The length H of the carrier arms 9 measured downwardly from the underside UKR of the frame plus the twistlocks 3 advantageously amounts to about 1,26m forpresently usual container and inlel~hal~geable container ~lim~n~ions. With the carrier arms 9 upwa~dly swung, these project nowhere beyond the frame underside UKR downwardly.
By means of these carrier arms and twistlocks in combination with the telescopable cross beam 7, 7' all at present commonly used container sizes can be loaded or transloaded in the conventional manner subst~nti~lly automatically.
Gripping arms S are pivotally fitted in pairs at a position above the cross beam 7 between the non-user position and the gripping position about axes 5 ' extending approximately horizontally and parallel to the axis 9'. At their free ends, ie. in the downwardly swung position at the lowest position, the gripping arms are fitted with conventional gripping claws 8 for gripping interchangeable containers and semi-trailers with a positive fit and in a generally lockable m~nner. For that purpose the interchangeable containers or semi-trailers have ~ ing gripping rebates 6.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3 the gripping arms 5 can be swung laterally by means of piston/cylinder devices 11 about approximately horizontal axes 12 approxim~tely at right angles to the pivoting plane about the axes S'.
As will be a~a,ellt from Pigure 4, the twistlocks 3 engage into conventional corner fittings 4 in the uppermost plane of the container 1 during loading. The reference level, which de~ ~es the lifting position of the spreader during loading is denoted as R.
As is moreover apparent from Figure 1, the pivoting points for the gripping arms 5 provided in pairs are fitted directly to the rigid non-spreadable, central portion 7 of the spreader. However, a fitting where the distance is adjustable is likewise covered by the solution according to the invention.
Whereas in the embodiment illustrated in the drawing, both the carrier arms 9, as well as gripping arms 5 are movable to and fro by pivoting about an axis between the gripping position and the non-user position, any other kind of level adjustability of these arms in relation to the cross beam 7, 7' likewise is to be considered part of the solution according to the invention. Likewise the measurements mentioned here are solely by way of eY~mple.
Finally the loading gear means according to the invention may also be so designed, that they can be used to load both individual transport means, as well as a plurality of transport means positioned side-by-side. This possibility is known per se, eg. for the loading of two adjoining 20ft containers. For this purpose it is standard procedure to provide approximately in the centre of the cross beam two further pairs of twistlocks which are preferably adapted to be upwardly movable by a distance corresponding to their structural height, if a single container is to be transloaded and the centrally fitted twistlocks for that reason form an obstacle. In the case of the present invention, it would be necessary for a so-designed loading gear to provide additional carrier arms with twistlocks, likewise level adjustable in relation to the cross beam.
TEXT TRANSLATION
. .
Krupp Fordertechnik GmbH, Franz-Schubert-Stral3e 13, D-47226 Duisburg LOADING GEAR (SPREADER) FOR VARIOUS TRANSPORT UNITS
The invention relates to a loading gear having the features of the generic clause of the patent claim.
Such loading gear, generally known as spreaders, are as a rule equipped with telescopically movable parts, in order to be able to transload transport units (transport means) of different sizes.
Because of the requirement of accurate positioning, for example when transloading transport containers, in the following referred to as containers, these spreaders must be so designed that pendulum movements during the loading procedure are kept to a minimum.
Freely movable linkages must therefore be avoided and solid designs of the lifting, turning and spreading drive units are necessary.
In order to keep transloading times as short as possible, it is moreover necessary to pelroll.l all movements of the tr~n~1o~(1ing gear over the ~hul~l possible ~i~t~nt~s.
Since any particular spreader must be able to transload not only containers of uniform sizes or other transport means of uniform dimensions, but also very different transport means, these spreaders are equipped with various gripping means adapted to the different transport means: for the transloading of containers these must be gripped in a lockable manner at corner fittings provided at their tops. Socalled twistlocks are used for that purpose which as a rule are fitted under the cross beam of the spreader. For transloading so-called interchangeable containers, arms are required which laterally embrace the interchangeable container, h~nging down from the cross beam and having second gripping means fitted to their lower ends, such as gripping claws, which engage gripping rebates provided at the bottom of the interchangeable containers. Such gripping rebates are moreover also provided on semi-trailers of road trucks to enable these semi-trailers likewise to be transloaded, eg. onto railway carriages. In that case the gripping rebates are provided rather in the upper region of the semi-trailer, eg. l,Sm above the tyre ground contact level.
Thus the transport units to be loaded or transloaded - for a given reference level - have different "gripping levels". As regards the spreader, this involves the two following .
extreme positions:
The lowest position for the cross beam of the spreader above the reference level is ~tt~in~
in a loading procedure if a container of minimum structural height is to be loaded. This level in the case of the lowest conventional container, the so-called 8ft containers is 2,44m above the reference level.
The highest position of the cross beam of the spreader is generally ~tt~ined when gripping a semi-trailer. The reason is that for that purpose the lowermost ends of the downwardly swung gripping arms must be about l,5m above the reference level, ie. the wheel contract level of the semi-trailer, because the gripping rebates as aforesdid are at the level of about 1,5m. These gripping arms have a quite considerable length, because between their gripping claws and the transverse beam of the spreader, a substantial headroom must be available in order to enable even the largest interchangeable containers to be 10~de~. The largest at present conventionally available interchangeable containers, so-called jumbo containers, require for example a headroom of 3,6m. Accordingly, the twistlocks fitted to the cross beam during loading of a semi-trailer are at a level 5,1m above the leference level, ie. 2,67m above the lowest level (when gripping an 8ft container). This subst~nti~l length of lift of the spreader, because of the above mentioned necessarily rigid load conveyance, results in substantial requirements as to rigidity of the lifting means and the guiding forces to be applied during lo~-ling.
On the afo-egoing basis it is an object of the invention to reduce the ~llcsses to which the lifting means are subjected.
In order to attain this object a loading gear having the features of the patent claim is proposed. Thereby, inter alia, a minimi~ing of the required lifting stroke between the extreme positions of the spreader during loading dirr~ ~ll means is ~ined The aforesaid components to be used in accordance with the invention in respect of size, configuration, material selection and technical concept are not subject to any exceptional conditions, so that the selection criteria known in the preYailing field of application can be applied without limitation.
Further details, features and advantages of the subject of the invention will become apparellt from the following description of the accompanying drawings, in which - by way of example - a preferred embodiment of an apparatus according to the invention is illustrated.
There is shown in:
Figure 1 a spreader in longitudinal side elevation, wherein in the left hand half of the figure the gripping arms for interchangeable containers are swung upwards and the carrying arms for container transloading have been swung down into the operatingposition, whereas at the end of the spreader, which in the drawing is on the right hand side, the gripping arms for reasons of clarity have been swung down into their gripping position, and the carrying arms have been swung upwardly into their non-used position;
Figure 2 the same spreader in an end elevation, wh~ein - merely for ease of understanding - both, the gripping arms, as well as the carrying arms, are in their downwardly swung gripping positions, Figure 3 the same spreader in an end elevation with ulJvvardly swung carrier arms and downwardly swung gripping arms in the gripping position at the lower end of an in~ llallgeable container, as well as Figure 4 the same spreader, once again in an end-on elevation with downwardly swung carrier arms and upwardly swung gripping arms in the gripping position for loading a container.
The loading gear, generally denoted as 10, adapted to be raised and lowered by transport means not illustrated in the drawing, comprises a frame-shaped transverse structure 7, having telescopable endfaces. To the telescopable end members carrier arms 9 of cage-like structure are fitted pivotally about in pairs about a horizontal axis 9'. At the free ends of the carrier arms 9 twistlock gripping means 3 are provided on the face thereof and in the downwardly h~n~ing carrier arm position with their pivoting axis extending approxim~tely vertically. The length H of the carrier arms 9 measured downwardly from the underside UKR of the frame plus the twistlocks 3 advantageously amounts to about 1,26m forpresently usual container and inlel~hal~geable container ~lim~n~ions. With the carrier arms 9 upwa~dly swung, these project nowhere beyond the frame underside UKR downwardly.
By means of these carrier arms and twistlocks in combination with the telescopable cross beam 7, 7' all at present commonly used container sizes can be loaded or transloaded in the conventional manner subst~nti~lly automatically.
Gripping arms S are pivotally fitted in pairs at a position above the cross beam 7 between the non-user position and the gripping position about axes 5 ' extending approximately horizontally and parallel to the axis 9'. At their free ends, ie. in the downwardly swung position at the lowest position, the gripping arms are fitted with conventional gripping claws 8 for gripping interchangeable containers and semi-trailers with a positive fit and in a generally lockable m~nner. For that purpose the interchangeable containers or semi-trailers have ~ ing gripping rebates 6.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3 the gripping arms 5 can be swung laterally by means of piston/cylinder devices 11 about approximately horizontal axes 12 approxim~tely at right angles to the pivoting plane about the axes S'.
As will be a~a,ellt from Pigure 4, the twistlocks 3 engage into conventional corner fittings 4 in the uppermost plane of the container 1 during loading. The reference level, which de~ ~es the lifting position of the spreader during loading is denoted as R.
As is moreover apparent from Figure 1, the pivoting points for the gripping arms 5 provided in pairs are fitted directly to the rigid non-spreadable, central portion 7 of the spreader. However, a fitting where the distance is adjustable is likewise covered by the solution according to the invention.
Whereas in the embodiment illustrated in the drawing, both the carrier arms 9, as well as gripping arms 5 are movable to and fro by pivoting about an axis between the gripping position and the non-user position, any other kind of level adjustability of these arms in relation to the cross beam 7, 7' likewise is to be considered part of the solution according to the invention. Likewise the measurements mentioned here are solely by way of eY~mple.
Finally the loading gear means according to the invention may also be so designed, that they can be used to load both individual transport means, as well as a plurality of transport means positioned side-by-side. This possibility is known per se, eg. for the loading of two adjoining 20ft containers. For this purpose it is standard procedure to provide approximately in the centre of the cross beam two further pairs of twistlocks which are preferably adapted to be upwardly movable by a distance corresponding to their structural height, if a single container is to be transloaded and the centrally fitted twistlocks for that reason form an obstacle. In the case of the present invention, it would be necessary for a so-designed loading gear to provide additional carrier arms with twistlocks, likewise level adjustable in relation to the cross beam.
Claims (2)
1. Loading gear (spreader) for a variety of transport units, such as containers (1), interchangeable containers (2) or semi-trailers, comprising a cross beam (7,7') which as a rule extends horizontally and which isadapted to be moved about by a lifting means, including first gripping means (twistlocks 3) for gripping a first transport means, such as a container (1), in its upper region, such as at fittings (4) in the top corners, second gripping means (gripping claws 8) for gripping a second transport means such as an interchangeable container (2) in its bottom region such as in gripping rebates (6) in the bottom region, or such as a semi-trailer equipped with such points of attack, and including arms (gripping arms 5) for gripping the second transport means, which in their gripping position hang downwardly from the cross beam (7) and which are adapted to be raised into a non-use position, comprising at their lower end regions at least one of the second gripping means, characterised in that between the cross beam (7,7') and the first gripping means carrier arms (9) are inserted which at their lower end regions each bear at least one of the first gripping means (twistlocks 3) and which in their gripping position hang downwardly from the cross beam and which can be raised into a non-user position.
2. Loading gear according to claim 1, characterised in that the length of the carrier arms (9) essentially corresponds to the level difference between the maximum head room (LH) and the height of the smallest container (1) standing on the referencelevel (R).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4338543A DE4338543A1 (en) | 1993-11-11 | 1993-11-11 | Loading harness (spreader) for different transport units |
| DEP4338543.5 | 1993-11-11 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2147865A1 true CA2147865A1 (en) | 1995-05-12 |
Family
ID=6502373
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002147865A Abandoned CA2147865A1 (en) | 1993-11-11 | 1994-10-26 | Load-transfer equipment (spreader) for various types of transport unit |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0679142A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH08505599A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU7991894A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2147865A1 (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ152595A3 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE4338543A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI953346A0 (en) |
| HU (1) | HUT70611A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO952673L (en) |
| PL (1) | PL309785A1 (en) |
| SK (1) | SK86495A3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1995013238A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA948900B (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19702468A1 (en) * | 1997-01-24 | 1998-07-30 | Krupp Foerdertechnik Gmbh | Method for fully automatic loading and unloading of transport units on moving means of transport in particular |
| GB2334949A (en) * | 1998-03-07 | 1999-09-08 | Nicholas Robert And Macwhirter | Storage array for swap bodies |
| DE10112111B4 (en) * | 2001-03-14 | 2004-01-15 | KGW Förder- und Servicetechnik GmbH | lifting device |
| CN101780917A (en) * | 2010-03-30 | 2010-07-21 | 天津港第五港埠有限公司 | Spreader of a six-ton forklift special for glass containers |
| RU205170U1 (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-06-29 | Борис Николаевич Вдовин | Traverse for moving a basket with a car semitrailer |
| CN112896380A (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2021-06-04 | 重庆奔飞机电设备有限公司 | Automobile holding tool capable of adapting to various automobile models |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3458229A (en) * | 1967-06-26 | 1969-07-29 | Jules G Nagy | Universal lifting spreader |
| DE1756052C3 (en) * | 1968-03-27 | 1974-01-10 | Hilgers Ag, 5456 Rheinbrohl | Crane suspension for holding containers of different dimensions |
| US3558172A (en) * | 1968-06-28 | 1971-01-26 | Drott Mfg Corp | Load handling apparatus |
| US3558176A (en) * | 1968-10-07 | 1971-01-26 | Midland Ross Corp | Expandable spreader and grappling device for cargo containers and trailers |
| US4014447A (en) * | 1974-11-20 | 1977-03-29 | Rpc Corporation | Grappler spreader with overhead grappling arm storage |
| US4149747A (en) * | 1975-03-31 | 1979-04-17 | Rpc Corporation | Grappler spreader for closely stacking cargo containers |
| US4266904A (en) * | 1979-05-31 | 1981-05-12 | Raygo, Inc. | Adjustable load lifting spreader frame |
| GB2147266B (en) * | 1983-10-06 | 1986-10-22 | Mi Jack Products Inc | Grappler system for lifting apparatus |
| DE3621648C2 (en) * | 1986-06-27 | 1994-06-23 | Erich Behn Maschinen Und Feins | Loading equipment, in particular spreader, and method for coupling containers to the same |
| SE454689B (en) * | 1986-09-30 | 1988-05-24 | Karlsson Goesta | COMBIO DEVICE FOR HANDLING CONTAINERS AND TRAILERS |
| US4749328A (en) * | 1986-10-20 | 1988-06-07 | Mi-Jack Products, Inc. | Auxiliary hoist grapple |
| DE9312764U1 (en) * | 1993-08-21 | 1993-11-11 | Bromma GmbH, 30938 Burgwedel | Loading harness with movable coupling elements, preferably twistable locking bolts |
-
1993
- 1993-11-11 DE DE4338543A patent/DE4338543A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1994
- 1994-10-26 AU AU79918/94A patent/AU7991894A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-10-26 SK SK864-95A patent/SK86495A3/en unknown
- 1994-10-26 EP EP94930978A patent/EP0679142A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1994-10-26 CA CA002147865A patent/CA2147865A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-10-26 PL PL94309785A patent/PL309785A1/en unknown
- 1994-10-26 JP JP7513555A patent/JPH08505599A/en active Pending
- 1994-10-26 WO PCT/EP1994/003517 patent/WO1995013238A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1994-10-26 CZ CZ951525A patent/CZ152595A3/en unknown
- 1994-10-26 HU HU9502096A patent/HUT70611A/en unknown
- 1994-11-10 ZA ZA948900A patent/ZA948900B/en unknown
-
1995
- 1995-07-06 NO NO952673A patent/NO952673L/en unknown
- 1995-07-07 FI FI953346A patent/FI953346A0/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FI953346A (en) | 1995-07-07 |
| AU7991894A (en) | 1995-05-29 |
| SK86495A3 (en) | 1996-05-08 |
| NO952673L (en) | 1995-07-10 |
| DE4338543A1 (en) | 1995-05-18 |
| HUT70611A (en) | 1995-10-30 |
| NO952673D0 (en) | 1995-07-06 |
| ZA948900B (en) | 1996-05-10 |
| HU9502096D0 (en) | 1995-08-28 |
| WO1995013238A1 (en) | 1995-05-18 |
| CZ152595A3 (en) | 1995-12-13 |
| PL309785A1 (en) | 1995-11-13 |
| EP0679142A1 (en) | 1995-11-02 |
| FI953346A0 (en) | 1995-07-07 |
| JPH08505599A (en) | 1996-06-18 |
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| FI63353C (en) | ANORDNING FOER LASTNINGSANORDNING | |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |