FI101778B - A truck comprising a car with a tipping device and a superstructure such as a platform - Google Patents

Description

101778

A truck comprising a car with a tipping device and a body, such as a platform

The invention relates to a truck comprising a car with a tipping device and a body, such as a platform, which is articulated to the car body by means of a tipping axle and which can be raised to a tipping position by a tipping cylinder. upon. More specifically, the invention relates to a truck comprising a car with a tipping device 10 and a body, such as a platform, articulated to the car body by a tipping axle and which can be raised to a tipping position by a tipping cylinder, the lorry body comprising an articulated lever arm system. detached from the platform is adapted to support the body from below substantially horizontally at at least two points 15 when the body is lifted by a tilting cylinder and the lever arm system comprises four arms tracked in pairs on each side of the truck body centreline spaced the truck body and the lever arm system comprises means for releasably attaching it to the body of the truck-20, wherein the tilting cylinder is releasably attached that available; . to the superstructure, and the base structure of the superstructure comprises support legs for placing the superstructure on the support legs alone.

Trucks with tipping devices are used for a wide variety of work tasks, with the aim of moving the load to be transported from one place to another.

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; 25 The load is emptied centrally in one place or alternatively the load is: ·· · gradually unloaded in different areas. For example, the trucks of a road administration are trucks that are gradually unloaded along the road surface, whereby the load is sand and / or salt. These known trucks are designed in such a way that changing the load is quite laborious and time consuming. The load should be able to be changed quickly to cope well with small vehicles. Fast changeability of the load is also important when it is desired to change the quality of the load: for example, when the sand load should be able to be changed quickly - if necessary; · To a salt load in liquid form and vice versa.

: Y: Various demountable devices are also known in which the pallet can be ·: ··: 35 removed from the vehicle. These demountables are complex and heavy in construction. One known demountable device comprises a fixed support frame 2 101778 built on a car, which supports the platform from below and along which the platform is moved down to the ground from the vehicle by means of a wire mechanism. Correspondingly, the pallet can be lifted from the ground onto the support frame by means of a wire mechanism. The support frame is heavy and therefore reduces the load capacity of the vehicle and increases fuel costs. Other disadvantages of this known demountable device are that the tipping stability is poor, which limits its use in places where the load has to be unloaded while driving.

The second known demountable device consists of so-called cassette systems. However, these are so complex in structure and large that they are not used, for example, for spreading sand on the road surface.

The demountable device can also be of the so-called foot platform device type. The operation of this is such that the platform is lifted by means of a foot-platform frame integral to the car using lever arms, after which support legs are attached to the platform to support it on the ground. The foot frame is then lowered and 15 cars can be driven off the platform. The problem with the footrest device is that a separate, complex and very heavy footrest frame is needed. The device weighs about 1000 kg and typically allows the lifting of a pallet weighing up to about 201. In addition, the mechanism for raising and lowering the foot frame is complex and expensive.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,504,184 discloses a tipping device: * · *. a truck whose platform can be tipped in the usual way or alternatively • ·: ·. lift horizontally upwards and rest on the pivoting legs.

The truck's lever arm system is relatively complex, comprising several cylinder-piston units, and requires a specially designed truck: 25 frames.

• · ·: GB 2 107 652 discloses a solution which allows a truck to be placed on a platform. This known solution does not support a horizontal body; in addition, it requires ground-based platform support during lifting.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,750,855 discloses a complex solution requiring several drive cylinders for raising a platform horizontally upwards.

Fl patent application 845175 discloses a device for placing a truck platform on its feet. The solution requires the use of ground-based outriggers when lifting the platform.

35 F1 patent publication 30313 discloses an apparatus for raising a truck platform alternatively horizontally upwards or for tilting the platform.

101778 3 This known solution does not make it possible to place the platform separately from the truck on the support legs, but the platform is attached to the body of the truck in many places, for example at the tilting axle. In addition, the solution gives a bad tu-Enna to the platform when it is lifted horizontally upwards.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a truck which overcomes said problems. To accomplish this, a truck according to the invention is characterized by a combination in which said arms are arranged so as to be substantially parallel during lifting of the body; each arm is attached by a second joint to a lever arm 10 connecting the arms in pairs; and at the end of the piston rod of the tipping cylinder there is a pushing member removably fitted to the attachment point in the base structure of the body by means of openable fastening means

Preferred embodiments of the invention are set out in the appended claims 2-14.

Preferably, the lever arm system includes a hydraulic cylinder or the like attached at one end to the car body and attached at its opposite end to the lever arm system for moving the lever arms to a down position. The hydraulic cylinder allows the single-acting type of tilting cylinder to be returned to the retracted position using the lever arm system. Thus, returning the kip-20 small cylinder to the retracted position does not require that the pallet, due to its weight: · · 1: squeeze it in, or that it should otherwise be attempted to squeeze in by hand. Of the said hydraulic cylinder and lever arm system! thanks to the lever arms, the handling of the arms belonging to the lever arm system becomes weak * Il; ',. boxing and harmless.

; The present invention is based on the idea of providing a simple • · · lever arm system which allows the platform to be raised horizontally by means of an existing • • · · · * * conventional tilting cylinder (for placing the platform on its feet) and in which a conventional type can be used. - ::: the floor structure of the platform.

The main advantages of the truck according to the invention are that it can. ! ·. provides a simple and sturdy and inexpensive body • · ·. a replacement system, which can also be easily retrofitted to existing • · "conventional type tipping trucks without a platform:; replacement system. The bodywork is easy to change and the work can be carried out by one: 35 single person and does not require replacement work, that the person would need to go under the truck or bodywork, which could pose a safety risk.

4 101778

The invention will now be described in more detail by means of two preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which Figure 1a shows a first embodiment of a truck when the platform is in the down position, Figure 5b shows an enlarged view of Figure 1a, Figure 2a shows the lever arm system and platform of Figure 1a , Fig. 2b shows a magnification of Fig. 2a, Fig. 3 shows a side view of the truck with the platform in the upper position, Fig. 4a shows a second embodiment of the truck with the platform in the lower position, Fig. 4b shows a magnification of the truck of Fig. 4a, Fig. 5a shows 4a shows the lever arm system and 1a-15 of the embodiment seen from below, Fig. 5b shows an enlarged view of Fig. 5a, and Fig. 6 shows a side view of the truck with the platform in the upper position.

Figure 1 shows a truck with a tipping device comprising a car 501 and a body in the form of a platform 51 '. Alternatively, the superstructure could be, for example, a tank built on a support frame · * · ... The platform 51 'is articulated to the truck body 2 by means of a tipping axle 1'. Vii- •. : The number 3 'indicates the tilt cylinder. The tipping cylinder 3 'is of the conventional type and: ·. ·] Mounted on the car body 2' with a cross joint.

• «j .1. 25 A lifting and lowering \ 'I .: lever arm system with four parallel arms 4' - T following the direction of the car body 2 ', arranged in pairs symmetrically in pairs symmetrically between the body 2 and the platform X, is mounted on the truck body 2. - X on both sides, see Fig. 2. The arms 4 '- T are from the other • · v .: their ends are fixed to the car body 2 by joints & -11', which are connected by shafts 38 *, 39 ', • · ·: 30 and are attached at their opposite ends by detachable joints 12' - 15 'platform bottom. * ·. and structure 16 '.

♦ · ·. ·· *. It can be seen more clearly from Figures 2b and 1b that the joints 12-15 'are pin sleeve joints. Such joints are easy to open and secure by hand. Naturally, φ · joints 12 '-15' may differ from those described and it is even conceivable to use *: * *: 35 pneumatically, hydraulically or electrically openable joints, but these would be expensive and quite complex.

101778 5

The arms 4 'and 5' are connected by a lever arm 24 ', and the arms 6' and 7 'are connected by a lever arm 25', respectively, the lever arms being fixed by joints 34 'to 37' between the ends of the respective arms. Due to the stresses on the arms 4 'to 7', the lever arms 24 ', 25' should be attached to or above the central region of the arms (in the embodiment of Figure 4a, the lever arms 24, 25 are attached to the upper ends of the arms 4-7). The arms 4 'to 7' are the same length and the lever arms 24 ', 25' are the same length. The lever arms 24 ', 25' are parallel to the car body 2 'and remain horizontal in the various positions of the lever arm system, cf. Figures 1a and 3. The joints 8 '-11' are located in the same, first horizontal plane, the joints 34 'to 37' are located in the same, second horizontal plane and the removable joints 12 '-15' are located in the same, third horizontal plane, said horizontal planes being parallel but at an adjustable distance from each other. The described structure makes the lever arm system simple and gives the platform good support when it is raised and lowered by the tilt cylinder 3 '.

By means of the tilting cylinder 3 'connected to the lever arm system, the platform 51' is raised from the rest position of Fig. 1a, where the arms 4 'to 7' are at a small angle, about 6-10 °, to the horizontal, to the upper position of Fig. 3, where the arms are at about 30 ° , and vice versa. The joints 12-15 'at the upper ends of the arms 4' to 7 'support the platform 51' from below in a horizontal plane when the platform is raised or lowered. Before lifting the platform horizontally, the tipping shaft 1 'must, of course, be removed from the platform.

Attached to the ball end of the arm 17 'of the tipping cylinder 3' is a truncated cone-shaped pusher 18 'which enters a correspondingly shaped recess 21' in the base structure 16 'of the platform. The pusher 18 'is removably attached; ; 25 by means of fastening or locking means in the form of pneumatic cylinders 191, 2 (7) to the base structure 16 '. Removable fastening is required in order to obtain the platform 51': detached from the tipping cylinder 3 'when removing the platform from the car 5 (7. 51 'is folded in the normal way, the pushing member 18' must be locked to the platform, for which reason the fastening means 19 ', 2 (7) are necessary.

The pusher 18 * is attached to the rest of the lever via support arms 28 ', 29 *. * ·. varsijäijestelmään. At the other ends of the support arms 28 ', 29 * are compressed air cylinders 22', 23 'for releasably engaging them with a pushing member 18 *, their opposite ends being fixed to a shaft 381 transverse to the car body 2 connecting the joints 9' and 1T. During lifting, the support arms 28 ', 29 * move with the arms 5', 35 7 'and are of the same length as the latter. since then the lever arm system is not used at all and would even be an obstacle to tipping.The possibility of fastening or locking by means of compressed air cylinders 22,23 'is again highly recommended in order to obtain power transmission from the tipping cylinder 3' to the hydraulic cylinder 26 'and the tipping cylinder arm 3' with the latter, the lever arm system is returned from the position of Figure 3 to the position of Figure 1a. without the drained cylinder 2 &, pushing the piston rod of the single-acting tipping cylinder 3 'into the tipping cylinder could be cumbersome, especially if the piston rod is not constantly loaded by the weight of the blade when pushed in, which is the case in Fig. 3 where the blade is supported by support legs 31', 32, upon. Instead of the hydraulic cylinder 26 ', it is conceivable to use some other return means, for example a spring fixed in a corresponding manner, the force of which is sufficient to pull the end of the tipping cylinder 3'.

When it is desired to replace and remove the truck platform 51 'from the car 501, the procedure is as follows: fastening the joints 12-15', removing the pouring shaft 1 ', opening the pneumatic cylinders 19', 20 ', i.e. guiding them to a position that releases the pushing member 18' compressed air cylinders 22,23 ', where the pusher 18': * * ': is connected to the lever arm system, the platform is raised by a tilting cylinder 3' with a lever arm system which supports. : platform from below at joints 12-15 '• «· when the platform is at the height shown in Fig. 3, the support legs 31', 32 are set. 25 (there are four outriggers: one at each corner of the platform), \ * jj after which the joints 12-14 'v are opened and the lever arm system is pulled down by the hydraulic cylinder 26', whereby the platform rests entirely on the outriggers 31 ', 32' and v .: the car can be driven from below under the second platform resting on the outriggers. When installing • · ·: 30 this second platform in the car, proceed as above but in reverse. ! ·. in order.

, * · *, The limit switch (not shown) ensures that the tilt cylinder cannot lift the lever arm system too much, which could damage it. The truck comprises the necessary wires (not shown) for operating the pneumatic cylinders from the cab 35 of the vehicle.

101778 7

Figures 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b and 6 show another embodiment of the invention. In the latter figures, the reference numerals of Figures 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b and 3 have been followed for the corresponding components. The embodiment of Figure 4a differs substantially from the embodiment of Figure 1a in that the lever arms 24, 25 are arranged at the upper ends of the arms 4-7, the lever arms being adapted to support the platform from below. In addition, the fastening means 19, 20 for locking on the pallet differ in detail from the solution of Fig. 1a.

The lever arms 24, 25 are removably attached to the pallet base structure 16 by a pin-hole connection 112-115. A pin-and-hole connection is a quick release lock of the type known in the art, which has a conical pin and hole and which is accompanied by a clamping wedge. This one withstands very high loads and can be opened and closed quickly. Even if one pin-hole connection is sufficient, in the embodiment of the figure there are four pin-hole connections, so that each lever arm 24 and 25 is associated with two pin-hole connections 112 and 113 and 114 and 115. It is conceivable to use something instead of the described pin-hole connection 112-115. other joint for releasably securing the platform to the lever arms 24,25.

The lever arms 24, 25 are associated with transverse support arms 30, 60, 61, of which the support arms 60 and 61 are removably attached to a pusher member 18 at the end of the piston rod 17. The mounting members are pneumatic cylinders 22 and 23, 20 one attached to the support arm 61 and the other 23 to the support arm 60. The fastening means for releasably fastening the pusher 18 arranged at the end of the arm of the tipping cylinder 3 to the fastening point 21 in the platform base structure 16 consist of two pneumatic cylinders 19 and 20 fitted to the platform 51, which can provide an openable and lockable hole-pin connection.

• · I 25 The hydraulic cylinder 26 is attached at one end to the base 2 and at the other end to the support arm 30 for connection between the base 2 and the components of the lever arm system, i.e. arms 4 to 7 and the lever arms 24,25.

The embodiment of Fig. 4a makes it possible to raise the loaded pallet 51 horizontally and place it on the legs 31, 32 and to remove the tipping cylinder 3 from the pallet in a controlled manner so that the position of the tipping cylinder and the pushing member 18 is maintained. ! ·. completely correct. As a result, locating the truck under the pallet 51 resting on the support legs 31,32 is unproblematic.

The embodiment of Fig. 4a comprises a cylinder unit (not shown) for releasing the pouring shaft 1 from the platform to the position shown in Fig. 6.

The embodiment of Figures 4a and 6 operates in the same way as the embodiment of Figure 1a, i.e.: 101778 when the tipping shaft 1 is tilted and the pneumatic cylinders 19 and 20 are closed when raised horizontally (level lifting), the tipping shaft 1 is open and the pneumatic cylinders 19 and 20 and 22 and 23 are closed and when the platform is left on its support legs 31, 32, the pneumatic cylinders 19 and 20 are opened, the pneumatic cylinders 22 and 23 are held and the pouring shaft 1 is detached from the platform 51, after which the pin-hole connections 112-115 are opened and the lever cylinder system is pulled down, allowing the platform to rest entirely on the outriggers and the car to be driven off from below.

The invention has been described above by means of only two preferred embodiments 10, and it is therefore noted that the invention can be implemented in detail in many ways within the scope of the inventive idea and the appended claims. Thus, for example, instead of the pneumatic cylinders 19, 20, 22, 23, 19 ', 20', 22 ', 23', some other openable fastening means and members can be used, for example hydraulic cylinders or electric locking means.

The pusher 18, 18 'is not necessarily in the shape of a truncated cone, but such a shape is highly recommended because it guides the tip of the tilt cylinder Inter to the right position on the platform when the new platform is being attached to the car.

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Claims (14)

A truck comprising a car fitted with a tipping device (50, 50 ') as well as a support structure, such as a flange (51, 51'), which is guided in the frame of the car (2, 5, 1 ') , 2 ') and with a tipping cylinder (3, 3') is liftable to a tipping position, the frame of the truck (2, 2 ') comprising one at the articulated lever system, where the tipping shaft (1,1') is detached from the flap is arranged to support the post structure (51, 51 ') from below substantially in a horizontal position at least from two places where the post structure is lifted by the tilt cylinder (3, 3') and which lever system comprises four arms (4 - 7 , 4 '- 7'), arranged in pairs (4, 5 and 6, 7.4 ', 5' and 6 ', 7) on both sides of a center line (X - X) of the truck frame at a distance from each other and each of which at one end is fixed with a first link (8 -11, 8 '-11') to the frame of the truck (2, 2 ') and the lever system comprises means (112-115, 12' -15 ' ) for its detachable f stitch at the truck body structure, the tilt cylinder (3, 3 ') being releasably fastenable to the body structure, and the base structure of the body structure (16, 16') comprising support legs for positioning the body structure supported only by the support legs (31, 32, 31 ', 32') , characterized by a combination in which - said arms (4 - 7, 4 '- 7') are arranged so that they are substantially parallel during the lifting of the pavilion (51, 51 '), - and an arm is secured by a second link (12 - 15, 34 '- 37') to a lever (24, 25, 24 ', 25') which joins the arms (4, 5 and 6, 7, 4) in pairs ',; '. 5 'and 6', 7 ') with each other, and - the end of a piston rod (17,17') of the tipping cylinder (3, 3 ') exhibits in ·'. A slider (18, 18 ') which is removably arranged by means of openable fastening means (19, 20, 19', 20: 20) at a fastening point (21, 21 ') in the bottom structure of the pavement. structure (16, 16 '). • · · 2. A truck according to claim 1, characterized in that the lifting. . the mounts (24,25) are arranged to support the pawl structure (51) from below substantially *: 1: 30 horizontally as it is lifted by the tipping bar (3). A truck according to claim 2, characterized in that the means: for detachable attachment of the lever system to the truck's structure (51), comprise at least two heel-pin connections (112-115) between the levers (24, 25). and the truck's building. · · '35 4. A truck according to claim 1, characterized in that the means:: for detachable attachment of the lever system to the truck structure (51 ') are formed by said second joints (12' - 15 '), which are of removable type, which are arranged in the ends of the arms (4 '- 7') and at which the paw structure is supported from below as it is raised substantially in the horizontal plane by the tipping cylinder (3 '). A truck according to claim 1, characterized in that the lever system comprises fastening means (22, 23, 22 ', 23') for attaching this detachably to the piston rod pushing means (18,18 '). A truck according to claim 5, characterized in that the lever-closing system comprises retaining devices (26, 26 ') which are attached at one end to the frame of the car (2, 2') and at their other end are attached to the lever system for moving the levers to a lower position. Truck according to claim 6, characterized in that the retrieval means comprise a hydraulic cylinder (26, 26 ') which is hinged at one end (27, 27') at the frame of the car (2, 2 ') and at its opposite end is articulated 15 (33, 33 ') at a support arm assembly (30, 50, 51, 28 - 30') which joins said lever system's said fastening means (22, 23, 22 ', 23') with the lever system arms (4 - 7, 4 '- 7'). A truck according to claim 7, characterized in that the hydraulic cylinder (26) is guided (33) at a first support arm (30) of the support arm unit, the support arm unit also comprising a second support arm (60) and a third support arm (61), which are arranged to releasably attach to the pushing member (18) at the end of the piston rod (17) by said fastening means (22, 23), the first, second and third supporting arms being joined to each other by means of said levers (24). , 25). i ''. i 25 A truck according to claim 7, characterized in that the support: arm unit comprises two support arms (28 ', 29') which are parallel to the frame ··· ·: T: (2 ') which are arranged at one end to be detachable is secured to the pushing member (18 ') at the end of the piston rod by the said fastening means (22', 23 '), wherein the support means. the opposite ends of the mama are fixed to a transverse shaft (38 ') in relation to the frame (2') of the car, at which the joints (9 ', 11') of the front arms (5 ', 7'), which are on the side of the frame (2 ') of the car are joined and said support arms are joined by a transverse bar (30') into which the hydraulic cylinder (26 ') is guided (33'). . * ·. ·. A truck according to claim 3, characterized in that the lifting arms (24 ', 25') are parallel road-straight arms by the frame (2 ') of the truck, which with said second joints (34' - 37 '). ), the mail ends are attached to the ends of the arms (4 ', 5' and 6 ', 7') located on the same side of said center line (X - X). A truck according to claim 4, characterized by the removable joints of the lever system (12 '- 15') formed by pin-heel connections. 12. A truck according to claim 1, characterized in that the sliding member at the end of the piston rod (17, 17 ') of the tipping cylinder (3, 3') is formed by an upwardly tapered conical part (18, 18 '), which is adapted to fit into the a conical, upturned tapered recess (21, 21 ') in the bottom structure of the pavilion, 1. forming said fastening point (21, 21'). 13. A truck according to the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises automatically functioning limiting devices to limit the maximum lifting system of the lever. A truck according to claim 1, characterized in that the fastening means (19, 20, 19 ', 20') for attaching the slider (18, 18 ') to the attachment point (21, 21') and the fastening means (22, 23) , 22 ', 23') for attaching the piston arm (17, 17 ') to the slider (18,18') comprises, from the vehicle's cab, manually controllable compressed air cylinders (19, 20, 22, 23,19 ', 20', 22 ', 23'). >> · · «·« «« «« «« «« «« «« «« «« «« «« « · · A · · • aa • aa aaaaaaaaaa