EP0679142A1 - Load-transfer equipment (spreader) for various types of transport unit - Google Patents

Load-transfer equipment (spreader) for various types of transport unit

Info

Publication number
EP0679142A1
EP0679142A1 EP94930978A EP94930978A EP0679142A1 EP 0679142 A1 EP0679142 A1 EP 0679142A1 EP 94930978 A EP94930978 A EP 94930978A EP 94930978 A EP94930978 A EP 94930978A EP 0679142 A1 EP0679142 A1 EP 0679142A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gripping
spreader
arms
transport
loading
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP94930978A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Burkhard Mende
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ThyssenKrupp Industrial Solutions AG
Original Assignee
Krupp Foerdertechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Krupp Foerdertechnik GmbH filed Critical Krupp Foerdertechnik GmbH
Publication of EP0679142A1 publication Critical patent/EP0679142A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/62—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled
    • B66C1/66—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled for engaging holes, recesses, or abutments on articles specially provided for facilitating handling thereof
    • B66C1/663—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled for engaging holes, recesses, or abutments on articles specially provided for facilitating handling thereof for containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/22—Rigid members, e.g. L-shaped members, with parts engaging the under surface of the loads; Crane hooks
    • B66C1/223—Rigid members, e.g. L-shaped members, with parts engaging the under surface of the loads; Crane hooks for containers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a loading harness with the features of the preamble of the claim.
  • Loading harnesses of this type are generally equipped with telescopic parts in order to be able to load transport units (transport means) of different sizes.
  • these spreaders Because of the requirement for positioning accuracy, for example when loading transport containers, hereinafter referred to as containers, these spreaders must be designed in such a way that rocking movements during the loading process are kept as small as possible. Free moving joints are therefore to be avoided and solid designs of the lifting, rotating and spreading drive units are required.
  • Such gripping bags are also provided on the semitrailers of trucks in order to be able to load these semitrailers, for example on railway wagons.
  • the gripping pockets are located more in the upper area of the semitrailer, e.g. 1.5 m above the tire footprint.
  • the spreader has the following two extreme positions:
  • the maximum position of the crossbar of the spreader is usually reached when gripping a semitrailer.
  • the lower ends of the swiveled-down gripper arms must be approximately 1.5 m above the reference level, ie the wheel contact area of the semitrailer, since the gripper pockets, as mentioned, are at approximately 1.5 height.
  • These gripping arms have a very considerable length, since between their gripping claws and the crossbeam of the spreader a considerable clear height must be available in order to ensure that the to be able to load the largest swap body.
  • the largest swap bodies currently known, so-called jumbo containers require, for example, a clear height of 3.6 m.
  • twistlocks attached to the crossbeam are therefore 5.1 m above the reference level when loading a semitrailer, ie 2.67 above the lowest position (when gripping an 8ft container). Due to the necessarily rigid load guidance already mentioned above, this considerable stroke travel of the spreader leads to considerable demands on the rigidity of the lifting mechanism and on the executives to be deployed during loading.
  • the object of the invention is to reduce the requirements for the lifting device.
  • FIG. 1 shows a spreader in a longitudinal side view, the gripping arms for swap bodies being pivoted up and the carrying arms for container loading being pivoted down into the working position in the left half of the picture, while the gripping arms in for the sake of clarity are at the right end of the spreader in the drawing their gripping position is pivoted down and the support arms are pivoted up into their non-use position;
  • FIG. 4 shows the same spreader, again in front view, with the support arms swung down and the gripping arms swung up in the gripping position for loading a container.
  • the loading equipment which is generally designated 10 and can be lifted and lowered at least by means of transport, which is not shown in the drawing, has a frame-shaped traverse 7 with telescopic front ends.
  • support arms 9 are designed in the manner of a housing a horizontal axis 9 'pivotally attached in pairs.
  • twistlock gripping devices 3 At the free ends of the support arms 9 there are twistlock gripping devices 3 which are arranged on the end face and in the hanging support arm position with their axis of rotation extending approximately vertically.
  • the length H of the support arms 9 plus the twist locks 3 measured from the lower edge of the frame UKR is 3 for the current container and swap body sizes expediently about 1.26 m.
  • Gripping arms 5 can be pivoted in pairs at a point above the crossbar 7 about axes 5 'extending approximately horizontally and parallel to the axes 9' between the non-use position and the gripping position.
  • the gripping arms are equipped with conventional gripping claws 8 for the form-fitting, usually lockable gripping of swap bodies and semi-trailers.
  • the swap bodies or semitrailers have corresponding gripping pockets 6.
  • the gripping arms 5 can be pivoted laterally by means of piston / cylinder devices 11 about approximately horizontal axes 12 approximately perpendicular to the pivoting plane about the axis 5 '.
  • the twistlocks 3 engage in known corner fittings 4 in the uppermost level of the container 1 during loading.
  • the reference plane relevant to the stroke position of the spreader during loading is denoted by R.
  • the mounting points for the gripper arms 5 arranged in pairs are fastened directly to the rigid, non-expandable central part 7 of the spreader.
  • a distance-variable fastening also falls under the solution according to the invention.
  • the loading harnesses according to the invention can also be set up in such a way that they can be used to load both a single means of transport and several means of transport positioned next to one another.
  • This possibility is known per se, e.g. for loading two 20ft containers next to each other.
  • additional support arms with twist locks which are also height-adjustable with respect to the crossbar, would have to be provided for a loading harness configured in this way.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a spreader (10) suitable for use with various types of transport unit, such as containers (1), swap bodies (2) or articulated trailers, and fitted with first and second attachment fixtures (twistlocks (3) and grippers (8)) sized to suit the particular type of transport unit. The lift height of the spreader when changing from one transport unit to another is considerably reduced by virtue of the fact that not only can the grippers (8) on their grip arms (5) be raised and lowered, relative to the spreader cross-beam (7), between the gripping position and a retracted position but also the height of the twistlocks (3) can be adjusted relative to the cross-beam (7, 7') by means of support arms (9) between a gripping position and a retracted position.

Description

Verladegeschirr (Spreader) für unterschiedliche Transport¬ einheitenLoading equipment (spreader) for different transport units
Beschreibung:Description:
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verladegeschirr mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Patentanspruchs.The invention relates to a loading harness with the features of the preamble of the claim.
Derartige Verladegeschirre, allgemein als Spreader be¬ zeichnet, sind in der Regel mit teleskopierbaren Teilen ausgestattet, um Transporteinheiten (Transportmittel) unterschiedlicher Größe verladen zu können.Loading harnesses of this type, generally referred to as spreader, are generally equipped with telescopic parts in order to be able to load transport units (transport means) of different sizes.
Wegen des Erfordernisses der Positioniergenauigkeit, bei¬ spielsweise beim Verladen von Transportcontainern, nach¬ folgend als Container bezeichnet, müssen diese Spreader so ausgelegt sein, daß Schaukelbewegungen während des Verlade¬ vorganges möglichst klein gehalten werden. Frei bewegbare Gelenke sind daher zu vermeiden und solide Ausführungen der Hub-, Dreh- und Spreiz-Antriebseinheiten erforderlich.Because of the requirement for positioning accuracy, for example when loading transport containers, hereinafter referred to as containers, these spreaders must be designed in such a way that rocking movements during the loading process are kept as small as possible. Free moving joints are therefore to be avoided and solid designs of the lifting, rotating and spreading drive units are required.
Um die Verladezeiten so kurz wie nur möglich zu halten, ist es außerdem erforderlich, alle Bewegungen des Verladege¬ schirres auf kürzestmöglichem Wege durchzuführen.In order to keep the loading times as short as possible, it is also necessary to carry out all movements of the loading equipment in the shortest possible way.
Da ein und derselbe Spreader nicht nur jeweils gleichgroße Container oder andere gleichdimensionierte Transportmittel, sondern sehr unterschiedliche Transportmittel verladen können muß, sind diese Spreader mit verschiedenen, an die unter¬ schiedlichen Transportmittel angepaßten GreifVorrichtungen ausgestattet: Zum Verladen von Containern müssen diese an ihren oben angeordneten Eckbeschlägen in verriegelbarer Weise gegriffen werden. Hierzu dienen sogenannte Twistlocks, die in der Regel unter der Traverse des Spreaders angeordnet sind. Für das Verladen sogenannter Wechselbehälter sind, fernerhin, an der Traverse herunterhängende, den Wechselbehälter seit¬ lich umgreifende Arme erforderlich, deren an ihrem unteren Ende angeordnete zweite Greifvorrichtungen, wie Greifklauen, an unten an den Wechselbehältern angeordneten Greiftaschen angreifen. Derartige Greiftaschen sind im übrigen auch an Sattelanhängern von Lastkraftwagen vorgesehen, um diese Sattelanhänger ebenfalls, z.B. auf Eisenbahnwaggons, verladen zu können. In diesem Fall befinden sich die Greiftaschen mehr im oberen Bereich des Sattelanhängers, z.B. 1,5 m oberhalb der ReifenaufStandsfläche.Since one and the same spreader not only has to be able to load containers of the same size or other equally dimensioned means of transport, but very different means of transport, these spreaders are equipped with different gripping devices adapted to the different means of transport: To load containers, they must be attached to their corner fittings at the top can be gripped in a lockable manner. So-called twistlocks, which are used in are usually arranged under the crossbar of the spreader. For the loading of so-called interchangeable containers, arms which hang down on the crossbar and encompass the interchangeable container laterally are required, the second gripping devices of which, such as gripping claws, arranged at their lower end engage on gripping pockets arranged at the bottom of the interchangeable containers. Such gripping bags are also provided on the semitrailers of trucks in order to be able to load these semitrailers, for example on railway wagons. In this case, the gripping pockets are located more in the upper area of the semitrailer, e.g. 1.5 m above the tire footprint.
Mithin haben die zu verladenden bzw. umzuschlagenden Trans¬ porteinheiten - bei gleichem Referenzniveau - unterschied¬ liche "Greifhöhen". Für den Spreader ergeben sich damit die beiden folgenden Extremstellungen:Consequently, the transport units to be loaded or transshipped have different "gripping heights" at the same reference level. The spreader has the following two extreme positions:
Die tiefste Stellung der Traverse des Spreaders oberhalb des Referenzniveaus bei einem Verladevorgang wird erreicht, wenn ein Container geringster Bauhöhe verladen werden soll. Diese Höhe liegt bei den flachsten üblichen Containern, den soge¬ nannten 8ft-Containern 2,44 oberhalb des Referenzniveaus.The lowest position of the crossbar of the spreader above the reference level during a loading process is reached when a container with the lowest overall height is to be loaded. In the flattest usual containers, the so-called 8ft containers 2.44, this height is above the reference level.
Die Höchststellung der Traverse des Spreaders wird in der Regel beim Greifen eines Sattelanhängers erreicht. Hierzu müssen sich nämlich die unteren Enden der herunterge¬ schwenkten Greifarme etwa 1,5 m oberhalb des Referenzniveaus, d.h. der Radaufstandsfläche des Sattelanhängers befinden, da die Greiftaschen, wie erwähnt, sich in etwa 1,5 Höhe be¬ finden. Diese Greifarme haben eine ganz erhebliche Länge, da zwischen ihren Greifklauen und der Traverse des Spreaders eine erhebliche lichte Höhe verfügbar sein muß, um auch die größten Wechselbehälter verladen zu können. Die größten der¬ zeit üblichen Wechselbehälter, sogenannte Jumbo-Behälter, benötigen z.B. eine lichte Höhe von 3,6 m. Mithin befinden sich d e an der Traverse angebrachten Twistlocks beim Ver¬ laden eines Sattelanhängers 5,1 m oberhalb des Referenz¬ niveaus, d.h. 2,67 oberhalb der Tiefststellung (beim Greifen eines 8ft-Containers) . Dieser beträchtliche Hubweg des Spreaders führt aufgrund der oben bereits erwähnten not¬ wendigerweise starren Lastführung zu erheblichen Anforde¬ rungen an die Steifigkeit des Hubwerkes und an die beim Verladen aufzubringenden Führungskräfte.The maximum position of the crossbar of the spreader is usually reached when gripping a semitrailer. For this purpose, the lower ends of the swiveled-down gripper arms must be approximately 1.5 m above the reference level, ie the wheel contact area of the semitrailer, since the gripper pockets, as mentioned, are at approximately 1.5 height. These gripping arms have a very considerable length, since between their gripping claws and the crossbeam of the spreader a considerable clear height must be available in order to ensure that the to be able to load the largest swap body. The largest swap bodies currently known, so-called jumbo containers, require, for example, a clear height of 3.6 m. The twistlocks attached to the crossbeam are therefore 5.1 m above the reference level when loading a semitrailer, ie 2.67 above the lowest position (when gripping an 8ft container). Due to the necessarily rigid load guidance already mentioned above, this considerable stroke travel of the spreader leads to considerable demands on the rigidity of the lifting mechanism and on the executives to be deployed during loading.
Davon ausgehend liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Anforderungen an die Hubvorrichtung zu verringern.Based on this, the object of the invention is to reduce the requirements for the lifting device.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird ein Verladegeschirr mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs vorgeschlagen. Hierdurch wird unter anderem eine Minimierung des erforderlichen Hubweges zwischen den Extremstellungen des Spreaders beim Verladen unterschiedlicher Transportmittel erreicht.To solve this problem, a loading harness with the features of the patent claim is proposed. In this way, among other things, the required travel distance between the extreme positions of the spreader when loading different means of transport is minimized.
Die vorgenannten, erfindungsgemäß zu verwendenden Bauteile unterliegen in ihrer Größe, Formgestaltung, Materialauswahl und technischen Konzeption keinen besonderen Ausnahmebe¬ dingungen, so daß die in dem jeweiligen Anwendungsgebiet bekannten Auswahlkriterien uneingeschränkt Anwendung finden können.The above-mentioned components to be used according to the invention are not subject to any special exceptional conditions in terms of their size, shape, material selection and technical conception, so that the selection criteria known in the respective field of application can be used without restriction.
Weitere Einzelheiten, Merkmale und Vorteile des Gegenstands der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung der zugehörigen Zeichnung, in der - beispielhaft - eine be¬ vorzugte Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung dargestellt ist. Es zeigen :Further details, features and advantages of the object of the invention result from the following description of the accompanying drawing, in which - by way of example - a preferred embodiment of a device according to the invention is shown. Show it :
Fig. 1 einen Spreader in Längsseitenansicht, wobei in der linken Bildhälfte die Greifarme für Wechselbehälter hochgeschwenkt und die Tragarme für die Container¬ verladung in die Arbeitsposition heruntergeschwenkt sind, während an dem in der Zeichnung rechten Ende des Spreaders der Anschaulichkeit halber die Greif¬ arme in ihre Greifposition heruntergeschwenkt und die Tragarme in ihre Nichtgebrauchsstellung hochge¬ schwenkt sind;1 shows a spreader in a longitudinal side view, the gripping arms for swap bodies being pivoted up and the carrying arms for container loading being pivoted down into the working position in the left half of the picture, while the gripping arms in for the sake of clarity are at the right end of the spreader in the drawing their gripping position is pivoted down and the support arms are pivoted up into their non-use position;
Fig. 2 denselben Spreader in einer Stirnseitenansicht, wobei - lediglich verständnishalber - sowohl die Greifarme als auch die Tragarme sich in ihren herunterge¬ schwenkten Greifpositionen befinden;2 shows the same spreader in an end view, wherein — for the sake of understanding only — both the gripping arms and the carrying arms are in their swung-down gripping positions;
Fig. 3 denselben Spreader in Stirnseitenansicht mit hochge¬ schwenkten Tragarmen und heruntergeschwenkten Greif¬ armen in der Greifposition am unteren Ende eines Wechselbehälters sowie3 the same spreader in front view with the support arms swung up and the gripping arms swung down in the gripping position at the lower end of an interchangeable container and
Fig. 4 denselben Spreader, wiederum in Stirnseitenansicht, mit heruntergeschwenkten Tragarmen und hochgeschwenk¬ ten Greifarmen in der Greifposition zum Verladen eines Containers.4 shows the same spreader, again in front view, with the support arms swung down and the gripping arms swung up in the gripping position for loading a container.
Das insgesamt mit 10 bezeichnete, von in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellten Transportmitteln zumindest heb- und senkbare Verladegeschirr weist eine rahmenförmige Traverse 7 mit teleskopierbaren Stirnenden auf. An den teleskopierbaren Stirnenden sind gehäuseartig ausgebildete Tragarme 9 um eine Horizontalachse 9' paarweise schwenkbar befestigt. An den freien Enden der Tragarme 9 befinden sich stirnseitig angeordnete und in der herunterhängenden Tragarm-Position mit ihrer Drehachse sich etwa vertikal erstreckende Twistlock- GreifVorrichtungen 3. Die von der Rahmenunterkante UKR nach unten gemessene Länge H der Tragarme 9 zuzüglich der Twist¬ locks 3 beträgt für die derzeit gängigen Container- und Wechselbehältergrößen zweckmäßigerweise etwa 1,26 m. Bei hochgeschwenkten Tragarmen 9 ragen diese an keiner Stelle über die Rahmenunterkante UKR nach unten hervor. Mit diesen Tragarmen und Twistlocks können in Verbindung mit der teles¬ kopierbaren Traverse 7, 7' sämtliche derzeit gängigen Con¬ tainergrößen in üblicher Weise weitestgehend automatisch verladen bzw. umgeschlagen werden.The loading equipment, which is generally designated 10 and can be lifted and lowered at least by means of transport, which is not shown in the drawing, has a frame-shaped traverse 7 with telescopic front ends. On the telescopic front ends, support arms 9 are designed in the manner of a housing a horizontal axis 9 'pivotally attached in pairs. At the free ends of the support arms 9 there are twistlock gripping devices 3 which are arranged on the end face and in the hanging support arm position with their axis of rotation extending approximately vertically. The length H of the support arms 9 plus the twist locks 3 measured from the lower edge of the frame UKR is 3 for the current container and swap body sizes expediently about 1.26 m. When the support arms 9 are pivoted upwards, they do not project downward beyond the lower frame edge UKR at any point. With these support arms and twist locks, in connection with the telescoping traverse 7, 7 ', all currently common container sizes can be largely automatically loaded or handled in the usual way.
Greifarme 5 sind paarweise an einer Stelle oberhalb der Traverse 7 um etwa horizontal und parallel zu den Achsen 9' sich erstreckende Achsen 5' zwischen der Nichtgebrauchs- stellung und der GreifStellung verschwenkbar. An ihren freien Enden, d.h. in heruntergeschwenkter Position an der tiefsten Stelle, sind die Greifarme mit üblichen Greifklauen 8 zum formschlüssigen, in der Regel verriegelbaren Ergreifen von Wechselbehältern und Sattelanhängern ausgestattet. Hierzu weisen die Wechselbehälter oder Sattelanhänger korrespon¬ dierende Greiftaschen 6 auf.Gripping arms 5 can be pivoted in pairs at a point above the crossbar 7 about axes 5 'extending approximately horizontally and parallel to the axes 9' between the non-use position and the gripping position. At their free ends, i.e. in the swiveled down position at the lowest point, the gripping arms are equipped with conventional gripping claws 8 for the form-fitting, usually lockable gripping of swap bodies and semi-trailers. For this purpose, the swap bodies or semitrailers have corresponding gripping pockets 6.
Wie Fig. 2 und 3 zeigen, können die Greifarme 5 mittels Kolben/Zylinder-Einrichtungen 11 um etwa horizontale Achsen 12 etwa senkrecht zur Schwenkebene um die Achse 5' seitlich verschwenkt werden. Wie aus Fig. 4 ersichtlich, greifen die Twistlocks 3 in be¬ kannte Eckbeschläge 4 in der obersten Ebene der Container 1 beim Verladen ein. Die für die Hubposition des Spreaders ma߬ gebliche Referenzebene beim Verladen ist mit R bezeichnet.2 and 3 show, the gripping arms 5 can be pivoted laterally by means of piston / cylinder devices 11 about approximately horizontal axes 12 approximately perpendicular to the pivoting plane about the axis 5 '. As can be seen from FIG. 4, the twistlocks 3 engage in known corner fittings 4 in the uppermost level of the container 1 during loading. The reference plane relevant to the stroke position of the spreader during loading is denoted by R.
Wie im übrigen aus Fig. 1 erkennbar, sind die Lagerungspunkte für die paarweise angeordneten Greifarme 5 unmittelbar an dem starren, nicht spreizbaren Mittelteil 7 des Spreaders be¬ festigt. Eine abstandsveränderliche Befestigung fällt aber ebenfalls unter die erfindungsgemäße Lösung.As can also be seen from FIG. 1, the mounting points for the gripper arms 5 arranged in pairs are fastened directly to the rigid, non-expandable central part 7 of the spreader. A distance-variable fastening also falls under the solution according to the invention.
Während in dem in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbei- spiel sowohl die Tragarme 9 als auch die Greifarme 5 durch Verschwenken um eine Achse zwischen der Greifposition und der Nichtgebrauchsstellung hin und her bewegbar sind, gehört jede andere Art der Höhenveränderbarkeit dieser Arme bezüglich der Traverse 7, 7' ebenfalls zur erfindungsgemäßen Lösung. Ebenso sind die hier wiedergegebenen Maßangaben lediglich beispiel¬ hafter Natur.While in the exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing both the support arms 9 and the gripping arms 5 can be moved back and forth by pivoting about an axis between the gripping position and the non-use position, any other type of height variability of these arms with respect to the cross member 7, 7 belongs 'also to the solution according to the invention. Likewise, the dimensions given here are only of an exemplary nature.
Schließlich können die erfindungsgemäßen Verladegeschirre auch so eingerichtet sein, daß mit ihnen sowohl ein einzelnes Transportmittel als auch mehrere nebeneinander positionierte Transportmittel verladen werden. Diese Möglichkeit ist an sich bekannt, z.B. für das Verladen von zwei nebeneinander stehenden 20ft-Containern. Für diesen Zweck ist es üblich, etwa in der Traversenmitte zwei weitere Paare von Twistlocks anzuordnen, die, vorzugsweise, um das Maß ihrer Bauhöhe nach oben verfahrbar sind, wenn ein einzelner Container verladen werden soll und die mittig angeordneten Twistlocks deshalb im Wege stehen. Im Falle der vorliegenden Erfindung wären für ein derart ausgestaltetes Verladegeschirr zusätzliche, eben¬ falls bezüglich der Traverse höhenverstellbare Tragarme mit Twistlocks vorzusehen. Finally, the loading harnesses according to the invention can also be set up in such a way that they can be used to load both a single means of transport and several means of transport positioned next to one another. This possibility is known per se, e.g. for loading two 20ft containers next to each other. For this purpose it is customary to arrange two further pairs of twistlocks in the middle of the crossbar, which can be moved upwards by the dimension of their overall height when a single container is to be loaded and the middle twistlocks are therefore in the way. In the case of the present invention, additional support arms with twist locks, which are also height-adjustable with respect to the crossbar, would have to be provided for a loading harness configured in this way.

Claims

Patentansprüche: Claims:
1. Verladegeschirr (Spreader) für unterschiedliche Trans¬ porteinheiten, wie Container (1), Wechselbehälter (2) oder Sattelanhänger,1. loading equipment (spreader) for different transport units, such as containers (1), swap bodies (2) or semi-trailers,
mit einer in der Regel horizontal erstreckten, von einem Hubmittel fortbewegbaren Traverse (7, 71),with a cross member (7, 7 1 ) which is generally horizontally extended and can be moved by a lifting means,
mit ersten GreifVorrichtungen (Twistlocks 3) zum Greifen eines ersten Transportmittels, wie eines Containers (1), in seinem oberen Bereich, wie an oberen Eckbeschlägen (4),with first gripping devices (twist locks 3) for gripping a first means of transport, such as a container (1), in its upper region, as on upper corner fittings (4),
mit zweiten GreifVorrichtungen (Greifklauen 8) zum Greifen eines zweiten Transportmittels, wie eines Wechselbehälters (2) in seinem unteren Bereich, wie an unteren Greiftaschen (6), oder wie eines mit derartigen Angriffspunkten ausgestatteten Sattelanhängers,with second gripping devices (gripping claws 8) for gripping a second means of transport, such as an interchangeable container (2) in its lower region, such as on lower gripping pockets (6), or like a semi-trailer equipped with such points of attack,
mit in ihrer Greifposition an der Traverse (7) herunter¬ hängenden und in eine Nichtgebrauchsstellung hochheb¬ baren, an ihren unteren Endbereichen mindestens eine der zweiten GreifVorrichtungen aufweisenden Armen (Greifarme 5) zum Greifen der zweiten Transportmittel,with arms hanging down in their gripping position on the cross member (7) and liftable into a non-use position and having at least one of the second gripping devices (gripping arms 5) at their lower end regions for gripping the second transport means,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daßcharacterized in that
zwischen der Traverse (7, 7') und den ersten Greifvor¬ richtungen Tragarme (9) eingefügt sind, die an ihren unteren Endbereichen mindestens je eine der ersten Greif¬ vorrichtungen (Twistlocks 3) tragen, in ihrer Greif¬ position an der Traverse herunterhängen und in eine Nichtgebrauchsstellung hochholbar sind. Verladegeschirr nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Länge der Tragarme (9) im wesentlichen gleich der Höhendifferenz zwischen der größten lichten Höhe (LH) und der Höhe des kleinsten auf dem Referenzniveau (R) stehenden Containers (1) ist. Support arms (9) are inserted between the traverse (7, 7 ') and the first gripping devices, each of which carries at least one of the first gripping devices (twistlocks 3) at their lower end regions, hanging down on the traverse in their gripping position and can be pulled up into a non-use position. Loading tableware according to claim 1, characterized in that the length of the support arms (9) is substantially equal to the height difference between the greatest clear height (LH) and the height of the smallest container (1) standing at the reference level (R).
EP94930978A 1993-11-11 1994-10-26 Load-transfer equipment (spreader) for various types of transport unit Ceased EP0679142A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4338543 1993-11-11
DE4338543A DE4338543A1 (en) 1993-11-11 1993-11-11 Loading harness (spreader) for different transport units
PCT/EP1994/003517 WO1995013238A1 (en) 1993-11-11 1994-10-26 Load-transfer equipment (spreader) for various types of transport unit

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0679142A1 true EP0679142A1 (en) 1995-11-02

Family

ID=6502373

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94930978A Ceased EP0679142A1 (en) 1993-11-11 1994-10-26 Load-transfer equipment (spreader) for various types of transport unit

Country Status (13)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0679142A1 (en)
JP (1) JPH08505599A (en)
AU (1) AU7991894A (en)
CA (1) CA2147865A1 (en)
CZ (1) CZ152595A3 (en)
DE (1) DE4338543A1 (en)
FI (1) FI953346A (en)
HU (1) HUT70611A (en)
NO (1) NO952673L (en)
PL (1) PL309785A1 (en)
SK (1) SK86495A3 (en)
WO (1) WO1995013238A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA948900B (en)

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DE19702468A1 (en) * 1997-01-24 1998-07-30 Krupp Foerdertechnik Gmbh Method for fully automatic loading and unloading of transport units on moving means of transport in particular
GB2334949A (en) * 1998-03-07 1999-09-08 Nicholas Robert And Macwhirter Storage array for swap bodies
DE10112111B4 (en) * 2001-03-14 2004-01-15 KGW Förder- und Servicetechnik GmbH lifting device
CN101780917A (en) * 2010-03-30 2010-07-21 天津港第五港埠有限公司 Spreader of a six-ton forklift special for glass containers
RU205170U1 (en) * 2020-11-27 2021-06-29 Борис Николаевич Вдовин Traverse for moving a basket with a car semitrailer
CN112896380A (en) * 2021-03-11 2021-06-04 重庆奔飞机电设备有限公司 Automobile holding tool capable of adapting to various automobile models

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See references of WO9513238A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1995013238A1 (en) 1995-05-18
DE4338543A1 (en) 1995-05-18
HU9502096D0 (en) 1995-08-28
PL309785A1 (en) 1995-11-13
HUT70611A (en) 1995-10-30
CA2147865A1 (en) 1995-05-12
CZ152595A3 (en) 1995-12-13
FI953346A0 (en) 1995-07-07
AU7991894A (en) 1995-05-29
FI953346A (en) 1995-07-07
JPH08505599A (en) 1996-06-18
NO952673L (en) 1995-07-10
NO952673D0 (en) 1995-07-06
ZA948900B (en) 1996-05-10
SK86495A3 (en) 1996-05-08

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