CA2096588A1 - Procede de fabrication de chlorate de metal alcalin et dispositif pour sa mise en oeuvre - Google Patents
Procede de fabrication de chlorate de metal alcalin et dispositif pour sa mise en oeuvreInfo
- Publication number
- CA2096588A1 CA2096588A1 CA002096588A CA2096588A CA2096588A1 CA 2096588 A1 CA2096588 A1 CA 2096588A1 CA 002096588 A CA002096588 A CA 002096588A CA 2096588 A CA2096588 A CA 2096588A CA 2096588 A1 CA2096588 A1 CA 2096588A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- alkali metal
- chlorine
- cell
- membrane
- anolyte
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M chlorate Inorganic materials [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- -1 alkali metal chlorate Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000003307 slaughter Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910001514 alkali metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Inorganic materials Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001510 metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 claims 1
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 11
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 51
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical class [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical class [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JHWIEAWILPSRMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-3-pyrimidin-4-ylpropanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(C)CC1=CC=NC=N1 JHWIEAWILPSRMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000001804 chlorine Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007323 disproportionation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001139 pH measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/24—Halogens or compounds thereof
- C25B1/26—Chlorine; Compounds thereof
- C25B1/265—Chlorates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/34—Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis
- C25B1/46—Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis in diaphragm cells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/02—Process control or regulation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
- C25B15/085—Removing impurities
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9206112A FR2691479B1 (fr) | 1992-05-20 | 1992-05-20 | Procédé de fabrication de chlorate de métal alcalin et dispositif pour sa mise en Óoeuvre. |
| FR9206112 | 1992-05-20 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2096588A1 true CA2096588A1 (fr) | 1993-11-21 |
Family
ID=9429965
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002096588A Abandoned CA2096588A1 (fr) | 1992-05-20 | 1993-05-19 | Procede de fabrication de chlorate de metal alcalin et dispositif pour sa mise en oeuvre |
Country Status (19)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0571273A1 (sh) |
| JP (1) | JPH06158373A (sh) |
| KR (1) | KR930023492A (sh) |
| CN (1) | CN1084584A (sh) |
| AU (1) | AU3868193A (sh) |
| BR (1) | BR9301932A (sh) |
| CA (1) | CA2096588A1 (sh) |
| CZ (1) | CZ95293A3 (sh) |
| FI (1) | FI932299A (sh) |
| FR (1) | FR2691479B1 (sh) |
| IL (1) | IL105718A0 (sh) |
| MX (1) | MX9302943A (sh) |
| NO (1) | NO931798L (sh) |
| NZ (1) | NZ247644A (sh) |
| PL (1) | PL299000A1 (sh) |
| SK (1) | SK49793A3 (sh) |
| TW (1) | TW230848B (sh) |
| YU (1) | YU34493A (sh) |
| ZA (1) | ZA933454B (sh) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU657842B2 (en) * | 1992-03-13 | 1995-03-23 | Eka Chemicals Oy | Method for producing alkaline metal hydroxide |
| SE512388C2 (sv) * | 1993-04-26 | 2000-03-13 | Eka Chemicals Ab | Förfarande för framställning av alkalimetallklorat genom elektrolys |
| US8216443B2 (en) | 2002-07-05 | 2012-07-10 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Process for producing alkali metal chlorate |
| CN1665961A (zh) * | 2002-07-05 | 2005-09-07 | 阿克佐诺贝尔公司 | 生产碱金属氯酸盐的工艺 |
| CN1306068C (zh) * | 2002-12-27 | 2007-03-21 | 北京化工机械厂 | 外部自然循环复极式离子膜电解装置 |
| JP4955015B2 (ja) * | 2005-12-20 | 2012-06-20 | セラマテック・インク | Ｎａイオン伝導セラミックス膜を使用した次亜塩素酸ナトリウム製造の電解プロセス |
| RU2518899C2 (ru) * | 2009-05-15 | 2014-06-10 | Акцо Нобель Кемикалз Интернэшнл Б.В. | Активация катода |
| CN103663380B (zh) * | 2013-12-02 | 2015-04-15 | 大连高佳化工有限公司 | 一种氯酸钡生产方法 |
| US20180354789A1 (en) * | 2015-08-10 | 2018-12-13 | Showa Denko K.K. | Method for producing hydrogen chloride |
| EP3867422B1 (de) | 2018-10-18 | 2022-03-09 | Blue Safety GmbH | Elektrochemisches system zur synthese von wässriger oxidationsmittel-lösung |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5647265A (en) * | 1979-09-25 | 1981-04-28 | Toshiba Corp | Production of pure copper casting |
| FI71354C (fi) * | 1980-03-03 | 1986-12-19 | Asahi Chemical Ind | Foerfarande foer framstaellning av natriumklorat |
| JPS575883A (en) * | 1980-06-11 | 1982-01-12 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Installation of sodium chlorate electrolytic tank and chlorine-alkali electrolytic tank installed side by side |
| JPS57156326A (en) * | 1981-03-18 | 1982-09-27 | Toagosei Chem Ind Co Ltd | Purification of saline water for electrolysis of alkali chloride |
| US4702805A (en) * | 1986-03-27 | 1987-10-27 | C-I-L Inc. | Production of sodium chlorate |
| FR2655061B1 (fr) * | 1989-11-29 | 1993-12-10 | Atochem | Fabrication de chlorate ou de perchlorate de metal alcalin. |
-
1992
- 1992-05-20 FR FR9206112A patent/FR2691479B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-05-17 IL IL105718A patent/IL105718A0/xx unknown
- 1993-05-18 SK SK497-93A patent/SK49793A3/sk unknown
- 1993-05-18 NZ NZ247644A patent/NZ247644A/en unknown
- 1993-05-18 ZA ZA933454A patent/ZA933454B/xx unknown
- 1993-05-18 NO NO931798A patent/NO931798L/no unknown
- 1993-05-18 EP EP93401275A patent/EP0571273A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 1993-05-19 BR BR9301932A patent/BR9301932A/pt unknown
- 1993-05-19 YU YU34493A patent/YU34493A/sh unknown
- 1993-05-19 FI FI932299A patent/FI932299A/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1993-05-19 AU AU38681/93A patent/AU3868193A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-05-19 CZ CZ93952A patent/CZ95293A3/cs unknown
- 1993-05-19 PL PL29900093A patent/PL299000A1/xx unknown
- 1993-05-19 CA CA002096588A patent/CA2096588A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 1993-05-20 CN CN93107230A patent/CN1084584A/zh active Pending
- 1993-05-20 JP JP5141574A patent/JPH06158373A/ja active Pending
- 1993-05-20 MX MX9302943A patent/MX9302943A/es unknown
- 1993-05-20 KR KR1019930008687A patent/KR930023492A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1993-05-29 TW TW082104283A patent/TW230848B/zh active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO931798L (no) | 1993-11-22 |
| BR9301932A (pt) | 1993-11-23 |
| ZA933454B (en) | 1994-06-15 |
| FR2691479B1 (fr) | 1994-08-19 |
| CZ95293A3 (en) | 1993-12-15 |
| FI932299A0 (fi) | 1993-05-19 |
| CN1084584A (zh) | 1994-03-30 |
| KR930023492A (ko) | 1993-12-18 |
| JPH06158373A (ja) | 1994-06-07 |
| NZ247644A (en) | 1994-09-27 |
| FR2691479A1 (fr) | 1993-11-26 |
| SK49793A3 (en) | 1993-12-08 |
| YU34493A (sh) | 1996-02-19 |
| NO931798D0 (no) | 1993-05-18 |
| FI932299A (fi) | 1993-11-21 |
| PL299000A1 (en) | 1993-12-13 |
| IL105718A0 (en) | 1993-09-22 |
| EP0571273A1 (fr) | 1993-11-24 |
| TW230848B (sh) | 1994-09-21 |
| MX9302943A (es) | 1993-12-01 |
| AU3868193A (en) | 1993-11-25 |
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