CA2081029C - Element chauffant lineaire a resistance electrique - Google Patents
Element chauffant lineaire a resistance electrique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2081029C CA2081029C CA002081029A CA2081029A CA2081029C CA 2081029 C CA2081029 C CA 2081029C CA 002081029 A CA002081029 A CA 002081029A CA 2081029 A CA2081029 A CA 2081029A CA 2081029 C CA2081029 C CA 2081029C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- heater
- jacket
- insulating
- insulating jacket
- heater according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000007706 flame test Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 101100293261 Mus musculus Naa15 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-1-ene Chemical group C=C.CC=C HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004812 Fluorinated ethylene propylene Substances 0.000 claims 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229920009441 perflouroethylene propylene Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 229920006267 polyester film Polymers 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony trioxide Chemical compound O=[Sb]O[Sb]=O ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- WHHGLZMJPXIBIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N decabromodiphenyl ether Chemical compound BrC1=C(Br)C(Br)=C(Br)C(Br)=C1OC1=C(Br)C(Br)=C(Br)C(Br)=C1Br WHHGLZMJPXIBIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 5
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006370 Kynar Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011231 conductive filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- CGPRUXZTHGTMKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;ethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=C.CCOC(=O)C=C CGPRUXZTHGTMKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001179 medium density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004701 medium-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011140 metalized polyester Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000807 solvent casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 101150041213 FES1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101001034845 Mus musculus Interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004614 Process Aid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000872198 Serjania polyphylla Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002323 Silicone foam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GHPGOEFPKIHBNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Sb+3].[Sb+3] GHPGOEFPKIHBNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940000425 combination drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QHSJIZLJUFMIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethene Chemical group C=C.FC(F)=C(F)F QHSJIZLJUFMIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QHZOMAXECYYXGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound C=C.OC(=O)C=C QHZOMAXECYYXGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl ethylene Natural products CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000840 ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009422 external insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010128 melt processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009740 moulding (composite fabrication) Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003055 poly(ester-imide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003223 poly(pyromellitimide-1,4-diphenyl ether) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013514 silicone foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003878 thermal aging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
- H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
- H05B3/146—Conductive polymers, e.g. polyethylene, thermoplastics
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
- H05B3/54—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes flexible
- H05B3/56—Heating cables
Landscapes
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Electronic Switches (AREA)
- Non-Adjustable Resistors (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US51970190A | 1990-05-07 | 1990-05-07 | |
| US519,701 | 1990-05-07 | ||
| PCT/US1991/003123 WO1991017642A1 (fr) | 1990-05-07 | 1991-05-07 | Dispositif de chauffage allonge a resistance electrique |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2081029A1 CA2081029A1 (fr) | 1991-11-08 |
| CA2081029C true CA2081029C (fr) | 2002-01-29 |
Family
ID=24069409
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002081029A Expired - Fee Related CA2081029C (fr) | 1990-05-07 | 1991-05-07 | Element chauffant lineaire a resistance electrique |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0536165B1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP3255232B2 (fr) |
| KR (1) | KR100245568B1 (fr) |
| AT (1) | ATE125096T1 (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA2081029C (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE69111237T2 (fr) |
| FI (1) | FI100844B (fr) |
| NO (1) | NO302450B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO1991017642A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5586214A (en) * | 1994-12-29 | 1996-12-17 | Energy Convertors, Inc. | Immersion heating element with electric resistance heating material and polymeric layer disposed thereon |
| KR19980703658A (ko) * | 1995-04-12 | 1998-12-05 | 드로즈프랑소와 | 콤팩트 트랜스폰더 및 그 제조방법 |
| FR2738136B1 (fr) * | 1995-09-01 | 1997-10-10 | Saves Gerard | Element multicouche pour la cuisson ou le rechauffage des produits alimentaires |
| US5718600A (en) * | 1996-01-17 | 1998-02-17 | Raychem Corporation | Electrical plug |
| US6005232A (en) * | 1996-06-28 | 1999-12-21 | Raychem Corporation | Heating cable |
| WO2000022698A1 (fr) | 1998-10-15 | 2000-04-20 | Tyco Electronics Corporation | Connecteur pour cable electrique |
| DE19919173A1 (de) * | 1999-04-28 | 2000-11-02 | Suhl Elektro & Hausgeraetewerk | Heißwasserspeicher mit einem beweglichen Polymerheizkörper |
| US6288372B1 (en) | 1999-11-03 | 2001-09-11 | Tyco Electronics Corporation | Electric cable having braidless polymeric ground plane providing fault detection |
| US6564011B1 (en) * | 2000-08-23 | 2003-05-13 | Fmc Technologies, Inc. | Self-regulating heat source for subsea equipment |
| SE530660C2 (sv) * | 2006-10-17 | 2008-08-05 | Conflux Ab | Värmeelement |
| KR101186208B1 (ko) * | 2010-08-05 | 2012-10-08 | 주식회사 씨앤케이 | 필름히터 제조방법 |
| DE102011002067A1 (de) | 2011-04-14 | 2012-10-18 | Domoteck Ltd. | Selbstregulierende Heizleitung |
| US9603196B2 (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2017-03-21 | Tech Design Llc | Self-regulating semi-conductive flexible heating element |
| EP3101999B1 (fr) * | 2015-06-02 | 2021-03-17 | Eberspächer catem GmbH & Co. KG | Élement de chauffage a coefficient de temperature positif (ctp) et dispositif de chauffage electrique pour un vehicule automobile comprenant un tel element de chauffage ctp |
| EP3577658B1 (fr) | 2017-02-01 | 2022-12-21 | Nvent Services Gmbh | Câble chauffant à auto-régulation sans halogène à faible dégagement de fumée |
| DE102017216723A1 (de) * | 2017-09-21 | 2019-03-21 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Heizeinrichtung |
| EP3664575A1 (fr) * | 2018-12-07 | 2020-06-10 | nVent Services GmbH | Amélioration de l'inflammabilité d'un câble chauffant |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3793716A (en) * | 1972-09-08 | 1974-02-26 | Raychem Corp | Method of making self limiting heat elements |
| US3861029A (en) * | 1972-09-08 | 1975-01-21 | Raychem Corp | Method of making heater cable |
| DE2504554A1 (de) * | 1975-01-31 | 1976-08-05 | Siemens Ag | Einadrige heizleitung fuer freiflaechenbeheizung |
| US4117312A (en) * | 1976-07-22 | 1978-09-26 | Thermon Manufacturing Company | Self-limiting temperature electrical heating cable |
| US4200973A (en) * | 1978-08-10 | 1980-05-06 | Samuel Moore And Company | Method of making self-temperature regulating electrical heating cable |
| US4334351A (en) * | 1980-05-19 | 1982-06-15 | Raychem Corporation | Novel PTC devices and their preparation |
| US4459473A (en) * | 1982-05-21 | 1984-07-10 | Raychem Corporation | Self-regulating heaters |
-
1991
- 1991-05-07 WO PCT/US1991/003123 patent/WO1991017642A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1991-05-07 JP JP50966391A patent/JP3255232B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-05-07 AT AT91910188T patent/ATE125096T1/de active
- 1991-05-07 KR KR1019920702769A patent/KR100245568B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-05-07 CA CA002081029A patent/CA2081029C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-05-07 DE DE69111237T patent/DE69111237T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-05-07 EP EP91910188A patent/EP0536165B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1992
- 1992-11-06 FI FI925037A patent/FI100844B/fi active
- 1992-11-09 NO NO924306A patent/NO302450B1/no unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE69111237D1 (de) | 1995-08-17 |
| FI925037A (fi) | 1992-11-06 |
| EP0536165A4 (fr) | 1993-01-07 |
| CA2081029A1 (fr) | 1991-11-08 |
| NO924306L (no) | 1992-11-09 |
| ATE125096T1 (de) | 1995-07-15 |
| DE69111237T2 (de) | 1996-02-22 |
| FI100844B (fi) | 1998-02-27 |
| WO1991017642A1 (fr) | 1991-11-14 |
| EP0536165B1 (fr) | 1995-07-12 |
| NO924306D0 (no) | 1992-11-09 |
| FI925037A0 (fi) | 1992-11-06 |
| NO302450B1 (no) | 1998-03-02 |
| JPH05507173A (ja) | 1993-10-14 |
| EP0536165A1 (fr) | 1993-04-14 |
| JP3255232B2 (ja) | 2002-02-12 |
| KR100245568B1 (ko) | 2000-02-15 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |