CA1334109C - Processes and devices for detecting, overall, the nature of combustion gases with a view to optimalizing said combustion and applications of these devices - Google Patents
Processes and devices for detecting, overall, the nature of combustion gases with a view to optimalizing said combustion and applications of these devicesInfo
- Publication number
- CA1334109C CA1334109C CA000594232A CA594232A CA1334109C CA 1334109 C CA1334109 C CA 1334109C CA 000594232 A CA000594232 A CA 000594232A CA 594232 A CA594232 A CA 594232A CA 1334109 C CA1334109 C CA 1334109C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- combustion gases
- layer
- temperature
- phthalocyanine
- detector
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 23
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N heliogen blue Chemical compound [Cu].[N-]1C2=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=NC([N-]1)=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=N2 RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- MPMSMUBQXQALQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt phthalocyanine Chemical group [Co+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 MPMSMUBQXQALQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 3
- KMHSUNDEGHRBNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dichloropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile Chemical compound ClC1=NC=C(C#N)C(Cl)=N1 KMHSUNDEGHRBNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 description 2
- KPZGRMZPZLOPBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dichloro-2,2-bis(chloromethyl)propane Chemical compound ClCC(CCl)(CCl)CCl KPZGRMZPZLOPBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005662 Paraffin oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002800 charge carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001520 comb Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UYOCFQRHGUBDHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Ni+2] UYOCFQRHGUBDHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003223 poly(pyromellitimide-1,4-diphenyl ether) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/003—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
- F02D41/1454—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an oxygen content or concentration or the air-fuel ratio
- F02D41/1455—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an oxygen content or concentration or the air-fuel ratio with sensor resistivity varying with oxygen concentration
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/18—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Fluid Adsorption Or Reactions (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
- Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
- Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Non-Biological Materials By The Use Of Chemical Means (AREA)
- Control Of Combustion (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8803604 | 1988-03-21 | ||
| FR8803604A FR2628827B1 (fr) | 1988-03-21 | 1988-03-21 | Procede pour optimiser une combustion, dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede, ainsi que detecteur equipant un tel dispositif |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1334109C true CA1334109C (en) | 1995-01-24 |
Family
ID=9364432
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000594232A Expired - Fee Related CA1334109C (en) | 1988-03-21 | 1989-03-20 | Processes and devices for detecting, overall, the nature of combustion gases with a view to optimalizing said combustion and applications of these devices |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0334779B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| JP (1) | JPH0210257A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| AT (1) | ATE77486T1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| CA (1) | CA1334109C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| DE (1) | DE68901798T2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| ES (1) | ES2033123T3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| FR (1) | FR2628827B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| GR (1) | GR3005556T3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2156073B1 (es) * | 1999-03-26 | 2002-03-01 | Univ Valladolid | Dispositivo sensor con base peliculas delgadas de ftalocianinas depositadas sobre microelectrodos. |
| DE10001251B4 (de) * | 2000-01-14 | 2005-01-27 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zum Steuern oder Regeln eines Gasbrenners |
| DE10316994A1 (de) * | 2003-04-11 | 2004-10-28 | E.On Ruhrgas Ag | Verfahren zum Überwachen der Verbrennung in einer Verbrennungseinrichtung |
| RU2493488C1 (ru) * | 2012-03-07 | 2013-09-20 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью Научно-Инновационное предприятие СКГМИ (ГТУ) "Стройкомплект-Инновации" ООО НИП СКГМИ | Способ оптимизации процесса горения топлива |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1598554A1 (de) * | 1965-04-19 | 1971-02-25 | Honeywell Inc | Gasspuergeraet |
| LU76937A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1977-03-11 | 1978-10-18 | ||
| JPS5630520A (en) * | 1979-08-20 | 1981-03-27 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Safety device for combusting apparatus |
| US4309949A (en) * | 1979-12-10 | 1982-01-12 | Measurex Corporation | Method of controlling the opacity of the exhaust of the combustion of solid fuel and air in a furnace |
| GB2077437A (en) * | 1980-06-07 | 1981-12-16 | Emi Ltd | Ammonia gas sensors |
| DE3032978A1 (de) * | 1980-09-02 | 1982-04-15 | Grolitsch Erhard Dipl Ing Agr | Verfahren zum vollkommenen schadstoffarmen verbrennen (oxidation) von kohlenstoffhaltigen brennstoffen |
| JPS5818020A (ja) * | 1981-07-27 | 1983-02-02 | Sharp Corp | 燃焼制御安全装置 |
| GB2111987B (en) * | 1981-12-01 | 1986-04-16 | Nat Res Dev | Heterocyclic semiconductors and gas sensors |
| JPS58102024A (ja) * | 1981-12-11 | 1983-06-17 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | ボイラ−の燃焼制御方法 |
| JPS59125330A (ja) * | 1982-12-29 | 1984-07-19 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 石油燃焼器 |
| DE3423946A1 (de) * | 1984-03-21 | 1985-09-26 | Hartmann & Braun Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Regelverfahren fuer die verbrennungsluftmenge einer feuerungseinrichtung |
| US4636767A (en) * | 1985-08-21 | 1987-01-13 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Mixed semiconductor film device for monitoring gases |
-
1988
- 1988-03-21 FR FR8803604A patent/FR2628827B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1989
- 1989-03-16 ES ES198989430005T patent/ES2033123T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-03-16 EP EP89430005A patent/EP0334779B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-03-16 AT AT89430005T patent/ATE77486T1/de active
- 1989-03-16 DE DE8989430005T patent/DE68901798T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-03-20 CA CA000594232A patent/CA1334109C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-03-22 JP JP1070269A patent/JPH0210257A/ja active Pending
-
1992
- 1992-08-27 GR GR920401890T patent/GR3005556T3/el unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2628827A1 (fr) | 1989-09-22 |
| DE68901798T2 (de) | 1993-02-04 |
| FR2628827B1 (fr) | 1990-07-06 |
| ES2033123T3 (es) | 1993-03-01 |
| DE68901798D1 (de) | 1992-07-23 |
| ATE77486T1 (de) | 1992-07-15 |
| EP0334779B1 (fr) | 1992-06-17 |
| GR3005556T3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1993-06-07 |
| JPH0210257A (ja) | 1990-01-16 |
| EP0334779A1 (fr) | 1989-09-27 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US5248617A (en) | Processes and apparatus for detecting the nature of combustion gases | |
| US5535614A (en) | Thermal conductivity gas sensor for measuring fuel vapor content | |
| EP0147233B1 (en) | Engine exhaust gas recirculation control system | |
| US8293179B2 (en) | Gas detection apparatus | |
| Adamian et al. | Smoke sensor on the base of Bi2O3 sesquioxide | |
| CA1334109C (en) | Processes and devices for detecting, overall, the nature of combustion gases with a view to optimalizing said combustion and applications of these devices | |
| EP1742025B1 (en) | Thermal type flow measuring apparatus | |
| US6568240B1 (en) | Method and apparatus using a gas concentration sensor for accurately controlling an air fuel ratio in an internal combustion engine | |
| US4004452A (en) | Air/fuel ratio sensor for air/fuel ratios in excess of stoichiometry | |
| KR900016599A (ko) | 열식 흡입공기량 계측기 및 이 계측기를 사용한 내연기관제어장치 | |
| US5137616A (en) | Gas analysis system for furnaces and the like | |
| US11274591B2 (en) | Resistive based NOx sensing method and apparatus | |
| US5087574A (en) | Fluid component detection method with feedback | |
| US4057996A (en) | Systems for monitoring the composition of exhaust gases | |
| Burtscher et al. | Monitoring particulate emissions from combustions by photoemission | |
| US5010021A (en) | Method for restoring the sensing capacity of an electrical sensor | |
| US5134080A (en) | Fluid component detection method | |
| KR100230537B1 (ko) | 가스 혼합물 내의 성분 농도의 측정 장치 | |
| JP2844286B2 (ja) | 窒素酸化物検出素子およびその製造方法 | |
| US20030101807A1 (en) | Mass airflow measuring apparatus | |
| JPH02181047A (ja) | 内燃機関の運転制御装置 | |
| Hurn et al. | Techniques for diesel emissions measurement | |
| Chan et al. | Measurements of particulate mass concentration using atapered-element oscillating microbalance and a flameionization detector | |
| JPH05263620A (ja) | ディーゼル排気浄化装置 | |
| JPS6228420B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKLA | Lapsed |