CA1227080A - Disc harrow - Google Patents

Abstract

This device, of the type "carried" by a tractor, comprises discs supported by a frame. Each disc, constituting a tool independent of the others, is individually supported by a device allowing its erasure, when passing over an obstacle such as a stump. The erasing device includes a disc support arm, another rigid arm of shorter length, and a leaf spring. These three superimposed members are articulated, on the one hand, to a yoke mounted on the frame of the device, and on the other hand, to a movable connecting part or "rocker". The device, which can include two parallel rows of discs, is intended for work on rocky terrain and in forest plantations.

Description

The present invention relates to an apparatus with clisks for work of the soil, this apparatus being intended for agricultural work in general and, more particularly, to the preparation and maintenance of sernis, as well as to -work in oil or forest plantations.
S The work of the soil, in the field indicated here, is carried out principa-lernent by tools with teeth or discs, animated or not. In the case of work in the forest, the presence of stumps (too expensive to remove) requires preferably the use of disc tools; it is the same, more general-ment, for all soils on which obstructions are encountered, for example rocky terrain.
Disc devices can be: either trailed devices, necessarily very heavy YES to resist repeated shocks against stumps, and unwieldy; either worn, lighter, more manageable devices, and allowing more flexible work. Problems remain, however to be resolved, concerning the removal of tools from obstacles, and the conti-night work on the ground, which are objectives in a certain contradic-roofs: tools must be applied strongly against the ground to perform the work requested, and likely to be lifted completely-instantly and on an obstacle such as stump or rock; in addition, The erasure of one tool must not be accompanied by the lifting of the others, which is useless and would leave a soil surface unworked.
To provide a solution to all of these difficulties, the invention relates to a disc device, more particularly of the "carried" type, in which each disc, constituting an out; l independent of the others, is individually supported by a device allowing its erasure, taking a disk support arm, another rigid arm of shorter length to that of the support arm and a leaf spring, these three members being superposed and all articulated, at one end, on the same element secured to the frame of the device, and to the ex ex ~ remitted, on a movable connecting piece called "rocker".
The discs are thus made completely independent of each other.
other. By meeting an obstacle, they can instantly describe a large amplitude movement upwards, without being hampered by a reaction too much increasing spring; in fact, the unequal length of the two ~ Z ~ 7 ~) ~ 10 erasing device arm then causes pivoting rocker, which tends to loosen to some extent the spring.
More specifically, the invention provides an apparatus with discs for working the soil, said apparatus being of the "worn" type and comprising:
- a tool holder frame, intended to be pulled in a given direction, this framework including at least a crosspiece carrying tools, - a wheelhouse attached to the frame for hanging this to the three-point lift system of a vehicle-carrier; and - a plurality of independent tools, each others, each comprising an erasing device and a rotary disc mounted on said eFacing device, the latter including:
an element of fi ~ ation articulated on the cross around a vertical axis, said element of fastening with three horizontal axes superimposed;
a movable connecting piece spaced from the element -Eixation and also comprising ~ kings hor.izontaux axes superpo ~ és;
a pair of rigid arms respectively articulated abutments on the lower and intermediate axes of the fixing element and the mob.ile piece the length of the articulated arm said axes i ~ termediaries being superior to the length of the arm articulated on said lower axes so ~ ue the piece mob.ile rocks around its interm ~ axis dialre when-that it raises from ~ the po ~ ition of the fixing element, and thus conducts the upper axes of ~ said element of ixation B

~ IZ ~ 7 () ~ 0 and of said moving part to approach one on the other and a leaf spring articulated on the upper axes laughing at the moving part of the element of fixing so as to oppose any movement approximation of said upper axes and therefore to oppose any elevation of said moving part with respect to the position of the fixing element;
said rotary disc being mounted on the arm articulated on the lower axes of the element of fixing and of the movable connecting part.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention tion, the tool holder cadx has two spacers each other in the direction of advancement of the device, each of said sleepers supporting a plurality of tools mounted as described above.
~ advantageously, the discs are located in oblique planes in relation to the direction of advancement of the device, the orientation of the discs mounted on one of the two sleepers being reversed ~ e opposite that of the discs mounted on the other of said sleepers.
All the provisions here provided allow the realization of a device e ~ effective, light, compact and ofPrant all security ~.
; The invention will be better understood, and its advantages will be highlighted, using the description which follows, with reference to the appended schematic drawing represented feeling, by way of nonlimiting example ~ tif ~ a form of realization of this device ~ discs for work ~ u ground:
ure 1 is an overall view, in plan by above, d 'Ull device according to the invention, ~ d ~ u ~ rangess discs, .

- 2a -B
., ~ z ~

- Figure 2 is a side view of montrarlt Ull disc only of this device, with its erasing device;
- Figure 3 is a partial perspective view, showing a detail of the device which supports a disc.
The apparatus visible in FIG. 1 comprises a rectangular tool holder frame, with two side members (1,2) and two crosspieces (3,4), one of which (3) is connected to a wheelhouse ~ 5) for attachment to the "lifting system"
three points "of a carrier vehicle (tractor), the direction of progression is indicated by an arrow (F).
Each cross (3 or 4) of the rectangular frame, constituting in fact one of the great sides of this framework, carries a row of tools (6), so that the appliance has two parallel rows of tools, one "front"
carried by the crosspiece (3), the other "rear" carried by the crosspiece (4).
Each tool (6) essentially comprises a rotating disc (7), supports individually by means an erasing device (8), which connects it to the crossmember (3 or 4). As still shown in Figure 1, the discs (7) are located in oblique planes, relative to the direction of travel symbolized by arrow (F), orientation discs of the rear row being reversed, vis-a-e re.l- ~ e la ra ~ gee before it follows q ~ m--~ ' //

, ~ ' ~ - 2b ~

7 (3 ~ (~

ble is self-balanced ~ in progress cle ~ onctionncment cle the device The discs (7) were rcpréserltes cornme being concavcs but can be ~ clc -all types: flat, with circular borcl, with bentJ
The device (8), which supports each disc (7) and allows its erasure.
cement includes a yoke (9), turned in the direction of progression, and mounted on the cross (3 or 4) ~ Cornme shows it in Figure 2, the yoke (9) comprises - three horizontal axes: ~ superimposed (10, l 1 and 12). On the lower axis (10) is articulated the support arm (L3) of the disc (7); on the axis interrr) é-diaire (I l) is articulated another rigid arm (11 ~), and on the upper axis (12) is hinged a leaf spring ~ 15). At their rear end, the two arms (13 and 14) and the spring (15) are articulated, follow the horizontal axes ~ ontaux res-pectifs (16,17 and 18), to the same mobile connecting piece (19) called rocker The length of the arm (13), between its articulation axes (10 and 16), is greater than re to the length of the arm (14), between its axes of articulation (11 and 17) note that the disc (7) is carried by the support arm (13) and not by the rocker (19) which remains a single connecting piece.
At rest, i.e. when the machine is lifted on the tractor, the spring ~ 15) has almost zero tension As soon as the device is lowered and takes its working position, the same spring (15) opposes the remon ~ ée of the disc (7) outside the self. When crossing an obstacle the reaction, although suddenly larger, tends to remain stationary at the as and when the rise of the disc ~ ue (7) on the obstacle. This result is obtained thanks to the rocker (19) and the constant but unequal length of the two arms (13 and 14 ~; the axis ~ 16 ~ pulls the rocker (19), and tends to do so rotate around the axis (17) serving as a pivot, so that the axis (18) is stressed ~
tee backwards, tending to loosen the spring (15).
The disc (7) can, in this way, perform instantaneously, when passing over an obstacle such as stump or rock, a movement towards the top, possibly of great an-plitude. If ~ ôt the obstacle crossed, the set constituted by the disc 17) and the device (S) descends ~ a la ~ ois its own weight and thanks to a le ~ era relaxation of the spring 115).
In addition to the vertical movement which has just been described, it is interesting-sant that the disc (7) can also be ef ~ acer laterally, and fa ~ on elastic; the shock against the obstacle will thus be by ~ ielleinent absorbed by .

7 (~ 1 ~ 0 a lé ~ er transverse keyplacement.
This additional result is obtained, as illustrated in the figure.
3, providing that the Eixation key element (9), in the form of a clevis, auq-lcl are articulated the two arms (13 and 14) and the spring (Ig), is itself articulated on the frame or frame (I to 5) of the device, around a vertical axis (~ 0). The clevis (9) associated with each tool is articulated to the corresponding crosspiece (3 or 4) of the frame, around the axis (20), and a compressible system (21) of the type acting by "all or nothing" is interposed between the yoke (9) and the frame or frame.
In the illustrated example, this compressible system (21) is constituted by a set of elastic washers called "SC ~ INOR washers" * secured a lateral ear (9a ~ of the yoke (9), and bearing on the cross (3 or 4) of the frame. Alternatively, the system in question could be constituted by a rubberized block, or by a spring.
The mass of earth, a ~ issant normally on the concave face of the disc (7), creates constant resistance, tending to push the disc opposite side and to ~ rotate the disc and its support device (~) same side, around the axis (2Q).
If an obstacle is encountered, this pivoting joint suddenly increases, and must be braked and stopped, which is achieved by the compressible system (21). ~ near obstacle clearance, this system elastic automatically returns the disc (7) to its working position normal.
Each tool (6), working for itself and being able to be erased independently especially other discs, does not in any way disturb the operation other tools when it passes over a stump; holding the device at soil therefore remains constant, and the quality of the trav ~ it carried out is much improved.
Moreover, the shocks on the obstacles being absorbed by each d; sque, indiYi-dual, have practically very little impact on the building!
which allows for a much lighter, easily worn set by the tractor "three-point lift" system, an essential condition to obtain a large Inaniability, particularly appreciable in planting. Finally, the frame structure and the arrangement of the disks ~ illustrated by FIG. 1, make it possible to produce a compact device, very short behind-* (trade mark) l ~

~ 22 ~ 0 re the tractor, and contribute to obtaining 1 ~ rnclnklbility sought.

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Claims (8)

The embodiments of the invention, concerning the-which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed, are defined as follows: 1. A disc apparatus for the work of the ground, said device being of the "carried" type and comprising:
- a tool holder frame, intended to be pulled in a given direction, this frame comprising at least a tool-carrying cross member;
- a wheelhouse attached to the frame for hanging this to the three-point lift system of a vehicle-carrier; and - a plurality of independent tools, each others, each comprising an erasing device and a rotary disc mounted on said erasing device, the latter including:
- a fastening element articulated on the crosspiece around a vertical axis, said element of fastening with three horizontal axes superimposed;
- a movable connecting piece spaced from the element fixing and also comprising three axes horizontal overlapping;
- a pair of rigid arms respectively articulated abutments on the lower and intermediate axes of the fastening element and of the moving part the length of the articulated arm on said intermediate axes being higher to the length of the arm articulated on said lower axes so that the moving part rocks around its intermediate axis when that it rises from the position of the fastener, and thus conducts the upper axes of said fastener and said moving part to approach one of the other; and ? a leaf spring articulated on the upper axes laughing at the moving part of the element fixing so as to oppose any movement approximation of said upper axes and therefore to oppose any elevation of said moving part with respect to the position of the fixing element;
? said rotary disc being mounted on the arm articulated on the lower axes of the element of fixing and of the movable connecting part. 2. A disc apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the tool holder frame comprises two sleepers spaced apart from each other in the direction advancement of the device, each of said sleepers supporting a plurality of tools mounted as described in claim 1. 3. A disc apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the discs are located in oblique planes in relation to the direction of advancement of the device, the orientation of the discs mounted on one of the two crosspieces being reversed with respect to that of the discs mounted on the other of said sleepers. 4. A disc apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that a compression system of the type "all or nothing" is interposed between the fixing element of each tool and the corresponding crosspiece to bring the rigid arms articulated on said fastening element in a predetermined position. 5. A disc apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the arms articulated on the element are located in oblique planes relative to to said drawing direction. 6. A disc apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the axis of each rotating disc is located in an oblique plane with respect to the planes in which are located the articulated arms of its device of erasure. 7. A disc apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that each disc and its support arm are tilted in an opposite direction to the direction of advancement of the device. 8. A disc apparatus according to claim 1, 3 and 4, characterized in that each movable part of connection is arranged behind the element of fixing which corresponds to it, with respect to the forward direction cement of the device.