CA1198025A - Dishwashing composition - Google Patents
Dishwashing compositionInfo
- Publication number
- CA1198025A CA1198025A CA000418319A CA418319A CA1198025A CA 1198025 A CA1198025 A CA 1198025A CA 000418319 A CA000418319 A CA 000418319A CA 418319 A CA418319 A CA 418319A CA 1198025 A CA1198025 A CA 1198025A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- group
- weight
- composition according
- agent
- polymeric material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000004851 dishwashing Methods 0.000 title abstract description 21
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003352 sequestering agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920000141 poly(maleic anhydride) Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 5
- CIOXZGOUEYHNBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N (carboxymethoxy)succinic acid Chemical class OC(=O)COC(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O CIOXZGOUEYHNBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 4
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019795 sodium metasilicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical class OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 125000003668 acetyloxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(=O)O[*] 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 claims 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000271 synthetic detergent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 18
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- -1 alkali metal citrate Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000019589 hardness Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000008041 alkali metal carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008233 hard water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YRZBVIGIGZTWGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-(diphosphonoamino)ethyl-phosphonoamino]phosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)N(P(O)(O)=O)CCN(P(O)(O)=O)P(O)(O)=O YRZBVIGIGZTWGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229940000425 combination drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- WJJMNDUMQPNECX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipicolinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=N1 WJJMNDUMQPNECX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229940070721 polyacrylate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940117958 vinyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004150 EU approved colour Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VDVJBLBBQLHKKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N OOP(=O)OO Chemical compound OOP(=O)OO VDVJBLBBQLHKKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000003172 aldehyde group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003563 calcium carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009920 chelation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001860 citric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MCWXGJITAZMZEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoate Chemical compound CNC(=O)CSP(=S)(OC)OC MCWXGJITAZMZEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J diphosphate(4-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940005740 hexametaphosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Inorganic materials Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940006093 opthalmologic coloring agent diagnostic Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004965 peroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PTMHPRAIXMAOOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoramidic acid Chemical compound NP(O)(O)=O PTMHPRAIXMAOOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- IFIDXBCRSWOUSB-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;1,5-dichloro-4,6-dioxo-1,3,5-triazin-2-olate Chemical compound [K+].ClN1C(=O)[N-]C(=O)N(Cl)C1=O IFIDXBCRSWOUSB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MSFGZHUJTJBYFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dichloroisocyanurate Chemical compound [Na+].ClN1C(=O)[N-]C(=O)N(Cl)C1=O MSFGZHUJTJBYFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960001922 sodium perborate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YKLJGMBLPUQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;oxidooxy(oxo)borane Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]OB=O YKLJGMBLPUQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 1
- FRPJTGXMTIIFIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraacetylethylenediamine Chemical compound CC(=O)C(N)(C(C)=O)C(N)(C(C)=O)C(C)=O FRPJTGXMTIIFIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/37—Polymers
- C11D3/3746—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C11D3/3757—(Co)polymerised carboxylic acids, -anhydrides, -esters in solid and liquid compositions
- C11D3/3761—(Co)polymerised carboxylic acids, -anhydrides, -esters in solid and liquid compositions in solid compositions
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8138735 | 1981-12-23 | ||
| GB8138735 | 1981-12-23 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1198025A true CA1198025A (en) | 1985-12-17 |
Family
ID=10526805
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000418319A Expired CA1198025A (en) | 1981-12-23 | 1982-12-22 | Dishwashing composition |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4539144A (online.php) |
| EP (1) | EP0082564A3 (online.php) |
| JP (1) | JPS58122998A (online.php) |
| AU (1) | AU552730B2 (online.php) |
| CA (1) | CA1198025A (online.php) |
| NO (1) | NO824334L (online.php) |
| ZA (1) | ZA829326B (online.php) |
Families Citing this family (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0717917B2 (ja) * | 1985-01-17 | 1995-03-01 | 日本ゼオン株式会社 | 洗剤組成物 |
| US4608188A (en) * | 1985-04-12 | 1986-08-26 | Basf Corporation | Dishwashing composition |
| DE3532586C1 (de) * | 1985-09-11 | 1986-09-11 | almaca Bioprodukte Herstellungs GmbH, 7901 Illerrieden | Phosphatfreies,sauer eingestelltes Spuelmittel in Pulverform fuer Geschirrspuelmaschinen |
| US4935065A (en) * | 1986-08-22 | 1990-06-19 | Ecolab Inc. | Phosphate-free alkaline detergent for cleaning-in-place of food processing equipment |
| GB2219596A (en) * | 1988-06-09 | 1989-12-13 | Procter & Gamble | Liquid automatic dishwashing compositions having enhanced stability |
| US4988452A (en) * | 1988-06-09 | 1991-01-29 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Liquid automatic dishwashing detergent compositions containing bleach-stable nonionic surfactant |
| US4859358A (en) * | 1988-06-09 | 1989-08-22 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Liquid automatic dishwashing compositions containing metal salts of hydroxy fatty acids providing silver protection |
| US4846993A (en) * | 1988-07-11 | 1989-07-11 | Ecolab Inc. | Zero phosphate warewashing detergent composition |
| FI932171A0 (fi) * | 1990-11-14 | 1993-05-13 | Procter & Gamble | Fosfatfria maskindiskmedelskompositioner innehaollande syreblekningsmedelssystem och foerfarande foer deras framstaellning |
| US5094771A (en) * | 1991-05-07 | 1992-03-10 | Colgate-Palmolive Co. | Nonaqueous liquid automatic dishwasher detergent composition |
| US5256327A (en) * | 1991-08-01 | 1993-10-26 | Shaklee Corporation | Method of preparing a sequestering agent for a non-phosphate cleaning composition |
| US5559089A (en) * | 1992-03-12 | 1996-09-24 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Low-dosage automatic dishwashing detergent with monopersulfate and enzymes |
| GB2285051A (en) * | 1993-12-23 | 1995-06-28 | Procter & Gamble | Rinse aid composition |
| GB2285053A (en) * | 1993-12-23 | 1995-06-28 | Procter & Gamble | Rinse aid composition |
| US5928559A (en) * | 1995-05-16 | 1999-07-27 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Process for the manufacture of hypochlorite bleaching compositions |
| US5880087A (en) * | 1996-12-28 | 1999-03-09 | Zack; Kenneth L. | Rinse and compositions containing alkyliminodialkanoates |
| DE102005041349A1 (de) | 2005-08-31 | 2007-03-01 | Basf Ag | Reinigungsformulierungen für die maschinelle Geschirrreinigung enthaltend hydrophil modifizierte Polycarboxylate |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3627686A (en) * | 1968-09-30 | 1971-12-14 | Chemed Corp | Machine dishwashing compositions containing sodium polyacrylate and nta |
| US3700599A (en) * | 1970-09-25 | 1972-10-24 | Economics Lab | Composition for mechanically cleaning hard surfaces |
| US3846346A (en) * | 1971-01-25 | 1974-11-05 | Philadelphia Quartz Co | Detergent composition with controlled alkalinity |
| US3887480A (en) * | 1972-09-08 | 1975-06-03 | Economics Lab | Detergent compositions and methods of making and using them |
| GB1491978A (en) * | 1975-06-10 | 1977-11-16 | Ciba Geigy Ag | Detergent compositions |
| US4203858A (en) * | 1976-05-28 | 1980-05-20 | Gaf Corporation | Phosphate-free machine dishwashing composition |
| GB2040981B (en) * | 1977-06-21 | 1982-08-25 | Procter & Gamble | Low-phosphate detergent composition for fabric washing |
| US4306987A (en) * | 1979-11-19 | 1981-12-22 | Basf Wyandotte Corporation | Low-foaming nonionic surfactant for machine dishwashing detergent |
| US4284524A (en) * | 1980-06-30 | 1981-08-18 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Alkaline dishwasher detergent |
-
1982
- 1982-12-14 EP EP82201594A patent/EP0082564A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1982-12-20 AU AU91675/82A patent/AU552730B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1982-12-20 US US06/450,944 patent/US4539144A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1982-12-20 ZA ZA829326A patent/ZA829326B/xx unknown
- 1982-12-22 CA CA000418319A patent/CA1198025A/en not_active Expired
- 1982-12-22 NO NO824334A patent/NO824334L/no unknown
- 1982-12-22 JP JP57225766A patent/JPS58122998A/ja active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU9167582A (en) | 1983-06-30 |
| ZA829326B (en) | 1984-07-25 |
| EP0082564A2 (en) | 1983-06-29 |
| US4539144A (en) | 1985-09-03 |
| JPS58122998A (ja) | 1983-07-21 |
| NO824334L (no) | 1983-06-24 |
| JPS619357B2 (online.php) | 1986-03-22 |
| AU552730B2 (en) | 1986-06-19 |
| EP0082564A3 (en) | 1985-01-23 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEC | Expiry (correction) | ||
| MKEX | Expiry |