CA1141275A - Composition, test device and method for determining the ionic strength or specific gravity of a liquid sample - Google Patents
Composition, test device and method for determining the ionic strength or specific gravity of a liquid sampleInfo
- Publication number
- CA1141275A CA1141275A CA000337720A CA337720A CA1141275A CA 1141275 A CA1141275 A CA 1141275A CA 000337720 A CA000337720 A CA 000337720A CA 337720 A CA337720 A CA 337720A CA 1141275 A CA1141275 A CA 1141275A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- specific gravity
- ionic strength
- polymer
- composition
- determining
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title description 4
- 229920000867 polyelectrolyte Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- -1 poly(acrylic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims description 41
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000007793 ph indicator Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- ZPLCXHWYPWVJDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CC1NC(=O)OC1 ZPLCXHWYPWVJDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl vinyl ether Chemical compound COC=C XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000075 poly(4-vinylpyridine) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001444 polymaleic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 36
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 35
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 30
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 12
- UPBDXRPQPOWRKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N furan-2,5-dione;methoxyethene Chemical compound COC=C.O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 UPBDXRPQPOWRKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000954 titration curve Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002562 urinalysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004243 sweat Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000012085 test solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCQCHGYLTSGIGX-GHXANHINSA-N 4-[[(3ar,5ar,5br,7ar,9s,11ar,11br,13as)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-[(5-methylpyridine-3-carbonyl)amino]-2-oxo-1-propan-2-yl-4,5,6,7,7a,9,10,11,11b,12,13,13a-dodecahydro-3h-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl]oxy]-2,2-dimethyl-4-oxobutanoic acid Chemical group N([C@@]12CC[C@@]3(C)[C@]4(C)CC[C@H]5C(C)(C)[C@@H](OC(=O)CC(C)(C)C(O)=O)CC[C@]5(C)[C@H]4CC[C@@H]3C1=C(C(C2)=O)C(C)C)C(=O)C1=CN=CC(C)=C1 QCQCHGYLTSGIGX-GHXANHINSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RGCKGOZRHPZPFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alizarin Natural products C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=C(O)C(O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 RGCKGOZRHPZPFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GDRYRPVUXXJWQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N C.OCN.OCN.OCN Chemical compound C.OCN.OCN.OCN GDRYRPVUXXJWQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920008712 Copo Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 101100174178 Dictyostelium discoideum forJ gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical group Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BELBBZDIHDAJOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenolsulfonephthalein Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1(C=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2S(=O)(=O)O1 BELBBZDIHDAJOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HFVAFDPGUJEFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M alizarin red S Chemical compound [Na+].O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(O)=C2O HFVAFDPGUJEFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 description 1
- ABIUHPWEYMSGSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromocresol purple Chemical compound BrC1=C(O)C(C)=CC(C2(C3=CC=CC=C3S(=O)(=O)O2)C=2C=C(Br)C(O)=C(C)C=2)=C1 ABIUHPWEYMSGSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012916 chromogenic reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007775 late Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- PGSADBUBUOPOJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N neutral red Chemical compound Cl.C1=C(C)C(N)=CC2=NC3=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C3N=C21 PGSADBUBUOPOJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960003531 phenolsulfonphthalein Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000172 poly(styrenesulfonic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
- G01N13/04—Investigating osmotic effects
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/52—Use of compounds or compositions for colorimetric, spectrophotometric or fluorometric investigation, e.g. use of reagent paper and including single- and multilayer analytical elements
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Cell Biology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Non-Biological Materials By The Use Of Chemical Means (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By The Use Of Chemical Reactions (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US95863078A | 1978-11-08 | 1978-11-08 | |
| US958,630 | 1992-10-09 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1141275A true CA1141275A (en) | 1983-02-15 |
Family
ID=25501130
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000337720A Expired CA1141275A (en) | 1978-11-08 | 1979-10-16 | Composition, test device and method for determining the ionic strength or specific gravity of a liquid sample |
Country Status (25)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS55101047A (ja) |
| AR (1) | AR223194A1 (ja) |
| AT (1) | AT367911B (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU529060B2 (ja) |
| BE (1) | BE879888A (ja) |
| BR (1) | BR7907225A (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA1141275A (ja) |
| CH (1) | CH642455A5 (ja) |
| CS (1) | CS266305B2 (ja) |
| DD (1) | DD147286A5 (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE2944980C2 (ja) |
| DK (1) | DK154669C (ja) |
| ES (1) | ES8100487A1 (ja) |
| FI (1) | FI82143C (ja) |
| FR (1) | FR2441168A1 (ja) |
| GB (1) | GB2037981B (ja) |
| IE (1) | IE48854B1 (ja) |
| IL (1) | IL58545A (ja) |
| IT (1) | IT1164749B (ja) |
| LU (1) | LU81861A1 (ja) |
| MX (1) | MX154075A (ja) |
| NL (1) | NL189153C (ja) |
| NO (1) | NO154475C (ja) |
| SE (1) | SE447024B (ja) |
| ZA (1) | ZA795777B (ja) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA1138310A (en) * | 1979-07-30 | 1982-12-28 | Sisto N. Stiso | Composition, test device and method for determining the ionic strength or specific gravity of a liquid sample utilizing a strong polyelectrolyte |
| JP2546981B2 (ja) * | 1982-09-07 | 1996-10-23 | コニカ株式会社 | 多層分析素子 |
| US4532216A (en) * | 1982-12-27 | 1985-07-30 | Miles Laboratories, Inc. | Use of quaternary ammonium polyelectrolyte salts in test means, test device and method for determining the ionic strength or specific gravity of a liquid sample |
| US4473650A (en) * | 1982-12-27 | 1984-09-25 | Miles Laboratories, Inc. | Use of strong organic acid polyelectrolyte salts in test means, test device and method for determining the ionic strength or specific gravity of a liquid sample |
| AT381172B (de) * | 1983-08-26 | 1986-09-10 | Avl Verbrennungskraft Messtech | Verfahren zur bestimmung der ionenstaerke einer elektrolytloesung sowie messeinrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens |
| DE3823151C2 (de) * | 1988-07-08 | 1997-07-10 | Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh | Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Ionenstärke oder des spezifischen Gewichts von wäßrigen Flüssigkeiten |
| JP2704679B2 (ja) * | 1991-04-11 | 1998-01-26 | 栄研化学株式会社 | 液体試料のイオン強度又は比重測定用組成物及び該組成物を用いた試験片 |
| DE4116108A1 (de) * | 1991-05-17 | 1992-11-19 | Behringwerke Ag | Reagenz zur bestimmung der ionenstaerke bzw. des spezifischen gewichtes von waessrigen fluessigkeiten und verfahren |
| US5565363A (en) * | 1991-10-21 | 1996-10-15 | Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Reagent composition for measuring ionic strength or specific gravity of aqueous solution samples |
| ITTO20020381A1 (it) * | 2002-05-08 | 2003-11-10 | Bitron Spa | Dispositivo misuratore del grado di durezza dell'acqua alimentata ad un apparecchio elettrodomestico di lavaggio. |
| DE10239204B3 (de) * | 2002-08-21 | 2004-06-09 | Frank Dipl.-Ing. Zahn | Ionenstärke-Sensor |
| US8901366B2 (en) * | 2007-12-14 | 2014-12-02 | Kimberly Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Urine volume hydration test devices |
| US20090157024A1 (en) * | 2007-12-14 | 2009-06-18 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Hydration Test Devices |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2844532A (en) * | 1956-10-19 | 1958-07-22 | Joseph C White | Apparatus for determining specific gravity of an acid solution |
| US3449080A (en) * | 1964-10-29 | 1969-06-10 | Johnson & Johnson | Device for determining sodium or chloride concentration in body fluids |
| NL6610869A (ja) * | 1965-08-19 | 1967-02-20 | ||
| US4015462A (en) * | 1976-01-08 | 1977-04-05 | Miles Laboratories, Inc. | Device and method for the determination of the specific gravity or osmolality of a liquid |
| US4108727A (en) * | 1976-08-23 | 1978-08-22 | Miles Laboratories, Inc. | Method, composition and device for determining the specific gravity or osmolality of a liquid |
-
1979
- 1979-10-16 CA CA000337720A patent/CA1141275A/en not_active Expired
- 1979-10-17 IE IE1975/79A patent/IE48854B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-10-23 IL IL58545A patent/IL58545A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-10-25 AU AU52192/79A patent/AU529060B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1979-10-29 ZA ZA00795777A patent/ZA795777B/xx unknown
- 1979-10-31 IT IT50723/79A patent/IT1164749B/it active
- 1979-11-02 FR FR7927142A patent/FR2441168A1/fr active Granted
- 1979-11-05 AR AR278779A patent/AR223194A1/es active
- 1979-11-06 MX MX179925A patent/MX154075A/es unknown
- 1979-11-06 GB GB7938431A patent/GB2037981B/en not_active Expired
- 1979-11-06 ES ES485718A patent/ES8100487A1/es not_active Expired
- 1979-11-06 CS CS797556A patent/CS266305B2/cs unknown
- 1979-11-06 JP JP14286879A patent/JPS55101047A/ja active Granted
- 1979-11-07 AT AT0715979A patent/AT367911B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-11-07 NL NLAANVRAGE7908155,A patent/NL189153C/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-11-07 CH CH997579A patent/CH642455A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-11-07 BR BR7907225A patent/BR7907225A/pt unknown
- 1979-11-07 DD DD79216740A patent/DD147286A5/de unknown
- 1979-11-07 NO NO793593A patent/NO154475C/no unknown
- 1979-11-07 LU LU81861A patent/LU81861A1/fr unknown
- 1979-11-07 DE DE2944980A patent/DE2944980C2/de not_active Expired
- 1979-11-07 DK DK471579A patent/DK154669C/da not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-11-07 BE BE0/198018A patent/BE879888A/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-11-07 SE SE7909231A patent/SE447024B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-11-07 FI FI793492A patent/FI82143C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
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