CA1092037A - Enzymatic liquid detergent composition - Google Patents
Enzymatic liquid detergent compositionInfo
- Publication number
- CA1092037A CA1092037A CA289,924A CA289924A CA1092037A CA 1092037 A CA1092037 A CA 1092037A CA 289924 A CA289924 A CA 289924A CA 1092037 A CA1092037 A CA 1092037A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- composition according
- composition
- boric acid
- borax
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- -1 amino compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 102000013142 Amylases Human genes 0.000 claims description 4
- 108010065511 Amylases Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- 102000035195 Peptidases Human genes 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019418 amylase Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940025131 amylases Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 102000005575 Cellulases Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010084185 Cellulases Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- SLINHMUFWFWBMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triisopropanolamine Chemical compound CC(O)CN(CC(C)O)CC(C)O SLINHMUFWFWBMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013681 dietary sucrose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical group OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960004793 sucrose Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- GDTSJMKGXGJFGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,7-dioxido-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3,5,7-tetraborabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane Chemical compound O1B([O-])OB2OB([O-])OB1O2 GDTSJMKGXGJFGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910011255 B2O3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LVTYICIALWPMFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisopropanolamine Chemical compound CC(O)CNCC(C)O LVTYICIALWPMFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000005619 boric acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 22
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 22
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 22
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 15
- 229960004418 trolamine Drugs 0.000 description 13
- 108010056079 Subtilisins Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 102000005158 Subtilisins Human genes 0.000 description 6
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 102100037486 Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 5
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- CDZHZLQKNAKKEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [bis(hydroxymethylamino)methylamino]methanol Chemical compound OCNC(NCO)NCO CDZHZLQKNAKKEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 108010003855 mesentericopeptidase Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002797 proteolythic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- SSYDTHANSGMJTP-ZXZARUISSA-N (3s,4r)-oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound O[C@H]1COC[C@H]1O SSYDTHANSGMJTP-ZXZARUISSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- 241000194108 Bacillus licheniformis Species 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000271 synthetic detergent Substances 0.000 description 2
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004382 Amylase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 101100092567 Bacillus subtilis (strain 168) rpsL gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001024304 Mino Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001673609 Mycterothrips glycines Species 0.000 description 1
- FFDGPVCHZBVARC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylglycine Chemical compound CN(C)CC(O)=O FFDGPVCHZBVARC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010009736 Protein Hydrolysates Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004902 Softening Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003625 amylolytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001639 boron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 description 1
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001860 citric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108700003601 dimethylglycine Proteins 0.000 description 1
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002538 fungal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002070 germicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003752 hydrotrope Substances 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003605 opacifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002432 poly(vinyl methyl ether) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003531 protein hydrolysate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001922 sodium perborate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QUCDWLYKDRVKMI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;3,4-dimethylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1C QUCDWLYKDRVKMI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MWNQXXOSWHCCOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium;oxido carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]OC([O-])=O MWNQXXOSWHCCOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- YKLJGMBLPUQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;oxidooxy(oxo)borane Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]OB=O YKLJGMBLPUQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005494 tarnishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/38—Products with no well-defined composition, e.g. natural products
- C11D3/386—Preparations containing enzymes, e.g. protease or amylase
- C11D3/38663—Stabilised liquid enzyme compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/26—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C11D3/30—Amines; Substituted amines ; Quaternized amines
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB45,345/76 | 1976-11-01 | ||
| GB45345/76A GB1590445A (en) | 1976-11-01 | 1976-11-01 | Enzymatic liquid composition |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1092037A true CA1092037A (en) | 1980-12-23 |
Family
ID=10436873
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA289,924A Expired CA1092037A (en) | 1976-11-01 | 1977-10-31 | Enzymatic liquid detergent composition |
Country Status (21)
Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT1129814B (it) * | 1980-07-02 | 1986-06-11 | Unilever Nv | Composizione detergente enzimatica liquida |
| GB2095275B (en) * | 1981-03-05 | 1985-08-07 | Kao Corp | Enzyme detergent composition |
| EP0080748B1 (en) | 1981-11-13 | 1985-07-10 | Unilever N.V. | Enzymatic liquid cleaning composition |
| US4462922A (en) * | 1981-11-19 | 1984-07-31 | Lever Brothers Company | Enzymatic liquid detergent composition |
| US4529525A (en) * | 1982-08-30 | 1985-07-16 | Colgate-Palmolive Co. | Stabilized enzyme-containing detergent compositions |
| GB8306645D0 (en) * | 1983-03-10 | 1983-04-13 | Unilever Plc | Detergent compositions |
| GB8421801D0 (en) * | 1984-08-29 | 1984-10-03 | Unilever Plc | Detergent composition |
| JPS61160814U (enrdf_load_html_response) * | 1985-03-28 | 1986-10-04 | ||
| US4797362A (en) | 1985-06-06 | 1989-01-10 | Lion Corporation | Alkaline proteases and microorganisms producing same |
| AU3667189A (en) * | 1988-06-23 | 1990-01-04 | Unilever Plc | Enzyme-containing liquid detergents |
| SI9500272A (en) * | 1995-09-04 | 1997-04-30 | Cadez Franc | Tri-ethanol-amine-triborate, a compound of boric(iii) acid and tri-ethanol-amine with high content of borate component and with high solubility in water and in some organic solvents |
| EP1141221B2 (en) † | 1998-12-16 | 2011-11-30 | Unilever N.V. | Structured liquid detergent composition |
| US20060293212A1 (en) * | 2005-05-05 | 2006-12-28 | Ecolab Inc. | Stable solid compositions of spores, bacteria, fungi and/or enzyme |
| AR061906A1 (es) | 2006-07-18 | 2008-10-01 | Novapharm Res Australia | Limpiador de baja espuma |
| JP6961114B1 (ja) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-11-05 | 株式会社アルボース | 洗浄剤組成物及び洗浄方法 |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3755085A (en) * | 1970-09-30 | 1973-08-28 | Procter & Gamble | Prevention of enzyme deactivation by chlorine |
| US3723327A (en) * | 1972-06-05 | 1973-03-27 | Lever Brothers Ltd | Granular proteolytic enzyme composition |
| GB1442419A (en) * | 1972-12-14 | 1976-07-14 | Procter & Gamble | Laundry process |
-
1976
- 1976-11-01 GB GB45345/76A patent/GB1590445A/en not_active Expired
-
1977
- 1977-10-25 FI FI773178A patent/FI61716C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-10-26 AU AU30052/77A patent/AU513867B2/en not_active Expired
- 1977-10-27 DE DE19772748212 patent/DE2748212A1/de active Granted
- 1977-10-27 FR FR7732531A patent/FR2369339A1/fr active Granted
- 1977-10-28 NO NO773697A patent/NO148855C/no unknown
- 1977-10-29 GR GR54668A patent/GR66147B/el unknown
- 1977-10-31 LU LU78423A patent/LU78423A1/xx unknown
- 1977-10-31 ZA ZA00776457A patent/ZA776457B/xx unknown
- 1977-10-31 CH CH1322877A patent/CH630407A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-10-31 ES ES463754A patent/ES463754A1/es not_active Expired
- 1977-10-31 BE BE182265A patent/BE860375A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-10-31 CA CA289,924A patent/CA1092037A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-10-31 DK DK482477A patent/DK147557C/da not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-10-31 SE SE7712283A patent/SE425669B/xx unknown
- 1977-10-31 PT PT67226A patent/PT67226B/pt unknown
- 1977-10-31 NL NLAANVRAGE7711924,A patent/NL188760C/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-10-31 BR BR7707291A patent/BR7707291A/pt unknown
- 1977-10-31 IT IT69439/77A patent/IT1093028B/it active
- 1977-10-31 AT AT0776377A patent/AT362854B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-11-01 JP JP52130385A patent/JPS6018718B2/ja not_active Expired
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |