CA1073400A - Electrodeposition process - Google Patents
Electrodeposition processInfo
- Publication number
- CA1073400A CA1073400A CA239,861A CA239861A CA1073400A CA 1073400 A CA1073400 A CA 1073400A CA 239861 A CA239861 A CA 239861A CA 1073400 A CA1073400 A CA 1073400A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- electrolyte
- fused
- electrodeposition
- temperature
- solid particles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 249
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 135
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 19
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002659 electrodeposit Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 halide salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- ZWYDDDAMNQQZHD-UHFFFAOYSA-L titanium(ii) chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ti+2] ZWYDDDAMNQQZHD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- YONPGGFAJWQGJC-UHFFFAOYSA-K titanium(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)Cl YONPGGFAJWQGJC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910010068 TiCl2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 229910010062 TiCl3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 229910001626 barium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ba+2] WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 40
- 239000011346 highly viscous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 46
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 23
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 20
- 229910010061 TiC13 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 18
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000007323 disproportionation reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 150000003608 titanium Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical class [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 159000000009 barium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000001055 magnesium Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940091250 magnesium supplement Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003381 solubilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011345 viscous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000497 Amalgam Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical class [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen bromide Chemical group Br CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical class C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010066 TiC14 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004125 X-ray microanalysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical class [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002050 diffraction method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003455 independent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002101 lytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013528 metallic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010414 supernatant solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- DNYWZCXLKNTFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium Chemical compound [U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U] DNYWZCXLKNTFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/66—Electroplating: Baths therefor from melts
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
- Silicon Compounds (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13196074A JPS5636238B2 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) | 1974-11-18 | 1974-11-18 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1073400A true CA1073400A (en) | 1980-03-11 |
Family
ID=15070228
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA239,861A Expired CA1073400A (en) | 1974-11-18 | 1975-11-18 | Electrodeposition process |
Country Status (9)
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5817269B2 (ja) * | 1976-12-17 | 1983-04-06 | ソニー株式会社 | チタン又はチタン合金の電着法 |
| JP4711724B2 (ja) * | 2005-04-19 | 2011-06-29 | 学校法人同志社 | 溶融塩めっき用電解浴及び該電解浴を用いた溶融塩めっき方法 |
| JP2012031471A (ja) * | 2010-07-30 | 2012-02-16 | Yoshiji Ichihara | 電気めっき方法及びめっき部材の製造方法 |
| JP6755520B2 (ja) * | 2016-02-05 | 2020-09-16 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | 溶融塩電解による金属チタン箔の製造方法 |
| CN107460502A (zh) * | 2017-09-21 | 2017-12-12 | 北京工业大学 | 一种添加固相微粒的熔盐电沉积制备合金的方法 |
| JP6875711B2 (ja) * | 2020-03-23 | 2021-05-26 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | 溶融塩電解による金属チタン箔の製造方法 |
-
1974
- 1974-11-18 JP JP13196074A patent/JPS5636238B2/ja not_active Expired
-
1975
- 1975-11-12 AU AU86554/75A patent/AU506646B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1975-11-14 GB GB47121/75A patent/GB1504356A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-11-18 NO NO753867A patent/NO753867L/no unknown
- 1975-11-18 IT IT29407/75A patent/IT1064458B/it active
- 1975-11-18 SE SE7512932A patent/SE414196B/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-11-18 FR FR7535228A patent/FR2291294A1/fr active Granted
- 1975-11-18 CA CA239,861A patent/CA1073400A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-11-18 DE DE2551727A patent/DE2551727C3/de not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5636238B2 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) | 1981-08-22 |
| FR2291294B1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) | 1983-10-28 |
| AU506646B2 (en) | 1980-01-17 |
| JPS5157605A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) | 1976-05-20 |
| SE7512932L (sv) | 1976-05-19 |
| SE414196B (sv) | 1980-07-14 |
| AU8655475A (en) | 1977-05-19 |
| FR2291294A1 (fr) | 1976-06-11 |
| DE2551727C3 (de) | 1981-01-08 |
| GB1504356A (en) | 1978-03-22 |
| IT1064458B (it) | 1985-02-18 |
| NO753867L (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) | 1976-05-19 |
| DE2551727B2 (de) | 1980-04-30 |
| DE2551727A1 (de) | 1976-05-26 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US5024737A (en) | Process for producing a reactive metal-magnesium alloy | |
| EP0958409B1 (en) | Process for the electrolytic production of metals | |
| Haarberg et al. | Electrodeposition of titanium from chloride melts | |
| US5372659A (en) | Alloys of refractory metals suitable for transformation into homogeneous and pure ingots | |
| US3662047A (en) | Electrodeposition method | |
| US5370784A (en) | Electrolytic process for the production of fine-grained, single-phase metallic alloy powders | |
| CA1073400A (en) | Electrodeposition process | |
| US4016052A (en) | Electrodeposition process | |
| Wendt et al. | Cathodic deposition of refractory intermetallic compounds from FLINAK melts Part II: Preparative cathodic deposition of TiB2 and ZrB2 and coatings thereof | |
| Sibert et al. | Electrodeposition of titanium on base metals | |
| CA1251162A (en) | Method of producing a high purity aluminum-lithium mother alloy | |
| Rand et al. | Electrolytic Titanium from TiCl4: I. Operation of a Reliable Laboratory Cell | |
| Steinberg et al. | Preparation of titanium by fluoride electrolysis | |
| US2939823A (en) | Electrorefining metallic titanium | |
| US4108741A (en) | Process for production of aluminum | |
| Schwarz et al. | Electrorefining of aluminium scrap from chloride melts | |
| US2831802A (en) | Production of subdivided metals | |
| CA1054555A (en) | Electrodepositing method | |
| CA1103613A (en) | Aluminum purification | |
| US2904477A (en) | Electrolytic method for production of refractory metal | |
| US3769185A (en) | Electrolytic preparation of zirconium and hafnium diborides using a molten, cryolite-base electrolyte | |
| US4159928A (en) | Process for production of aluminum | |
| USRE30330E (en) | Aluminum purification | |
| US4113581A (en) | Electrodeposition process | |
| US4784742A (en) | Cathode for magnesium production |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |